Lona umbhalo wenkulumo и .
Lena indaba yephrojekthi esebenzise isistimu yokulawula ukumisa ozibhale yona nokuthi kungani ukuthuthela e-Ansible kuthathe izinyanga eziyi-18.
Usuku No. -ХХХ: Ngaphambi kokuqala
Ekuqaleni, ingqalasizinda ibihlanganisa abasingathi abaningi abahlukene abasebenzisa i-Hyper-V. Ukudala umshini obonakalayo kwakudinga izinyathelo eziningi: ukubeka amadiski endaweni efanele, ukubhalisa i-DNS, ukulondoloza i-DHCP, ukubeka ukucushwa kwe-VM endaweni yokugcina ye-git. Le nqubo yenziwe ngemishini ngokwengxenye, kodwa ngokwesibonelo, ama-VM asakazwa phakathi kwababungazi ngesandla. Kodwa, ngokwesibonelo, abathuthukisi bangalungisa ukucushwa kwe-VM ku-git futhi bakusebenzise ngokuqalisa kabusha i-VM.
Isixazululo Sokuphatha Ukulungiselela Ngokwezifiso
Umbono wangempela, ngiyasola, waqanjwa njenge-IaC: ama-VM amaningi angenasimo asetha kabusha isimo sawo kuqanda uma eqalwa kabusha. Kwakuyini ukuphathwa kokucushwa kwe-VM? Ngokohlelo kubonakala kulula:
- I-MAC emile yabethelwa phansi ku-VM.
- I-ISO ene-CoreOS nediski yokuqalisa kuxhunywe ku-VM.
- I-CoreOS yethula iskripthi sokwenza ngokwezifiso ngokusilanda kusuka kuseva ye-WEB ngokusekelwe ku-IP yayo.
- Umbhalo ulanda ukucushwa kwe-VM nge-SCP ngokusekelwe ekhelini le-IP.
- Indwangu yezinyawo yamafayela eyunithi ye-systemd kanye nendwangu yezinyawo ye-bash scripts yethulwa.
Lesi sixazululo sibe nezinkinga eziningi ezisobala:
- I-CoreOS ISO yehlisiwe.
- Izenzo eziningi ezizenzakalelayo eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nomlingo lapho uthutha/udala ama-VM.
- Ubunzima bokuvuselela nalapho kudingeka uhlobo oluthile lwesofthiwe. Okujabulisa nakakhulu ngamamojula we-kernel.
- Ama-VM awatholakalanga kangako ngaphandle kwedatha, i.e. Ama-VM avele nediski enedatha eyengeziwe yomsebenzisi efakwe.
- Othile wayehlale ehlanganisa ukuncika kweyunithi ye-systemd futhi i-CoreOS izoba yiqhwa lapho iqalisa kabusha. Bekunzima ukubamba lokhu usebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo ku-CoreOS.
- Ukuphathwa kwezimfihlo.
- Kwakungekho CM. Bekukhona ukulungiselelwa kwe-bash ne-YML kwe-CoreOS.
Ukuze usebenzise ukucushwa kwe-VM, udinga ukuyiqalisa kabusha, kodwa ingase ingaqalisi kabusha. Kubonakala sengathi inkinga esobala, kodwa awekho amadiski aphikelelayo - akukho ndawo yokugcina izingodo. Hhayi-ke, kulungile, ake sizame ukwengeza inketho yokulayisha i-kernel ukuze izingodo zizothunyelwa. Kodwa cha, ukuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani konke.
Usuku #0: Yazi inkinga
Kwakuyingqalasizinda evamile yokuthuthukiswa: i-jenkins, izindawo zokuhlola, ukuqapha, ukubhalisa. I-CoreOS yakhelwe ukusingathwa kwama-k8s amaqoqo, i.e. inkinga yayiwukuthi iCoreOS yayisetshenziswa kanjani. Isinyathelo sokuqala kwaba ukukhetha isitaki. Sazinza ku:
- CentOS njengokusatshalaliswa kwesisekelo, ngoba Lokhu ukusatshalaliswa okuseduze kakhulu kwezindawo zokukhiqiza.
- Ansible yokuphathwa kokucushwa, ngoba kwakukhona ukuhlolwa okubanzi kuwo.
- Jenkins njengohlaka lokuzenzela izinqubo ezikhona, ngoba isivele isetshenziselwa izinqubo zokuthuthukisa
- I-Hyper-V njengenkundla ye-virtualization. Kunezizathu eziningi ezidlula ububanzi bendaba, kodwa ngamafuphi - asikwazi ukusebenzisa amafu, kufanele sisebenzise i-hardware yethu.
Usuku No. 30: Ukulungisa izivumelwano ezikhona - Izivumelwano njengeKhodi
Lapho isitaki sesicacile, kwaqala amalungiselelo okuthutha. Ukulungisa izivumelwano ezikhona ngendlela yekhodi (Izivumelwano njengeKhodi!). Inguquko umsebenzi wezandla -> umshini -> okuzenzakalelayo.
1. Lungiselela ama-VM
U-Ansible wenza umsebenzi omuhle walokhu. Ngomnyakazo omncane womzimba ungakwazi ukulawula ukucushwa kwe-VM:
- Dala inqolobane ye-git.
- Sibeka uhlu lwama-VM ku-inventory, ukulungiselelwa ezincwadini zokudlala nasezindimeni.
- Sisetha isigqila esikhethekile se-jenkins ongasebenzisa kuso i-Ansible.
- Sakha umsebenzi futhi silungiselela i-Jenkins.
Inqubo yokuqala isilungile. Izivumelwano zilungisiwe.
2. Dala i-VM entsha
Konke lapha kwakungelula neze. Akulula kakhulu ukudala ama-VM ku-Hyper-V kusuka ku-Linux. Eminye yemizamo yokwenza le nqubo ibe ngomshini:
- I-Ansbile ixhuma nge-WinRM kumsingathi wamawindi.
- I-Ansible isebenzisa iskripthi se-powershell.
- Iskripthi se-Powershell sidala i-VM entsha.
- Kusetshenziswa i-Hyper-V/ScVMM, lapho udala i-VM ku-OS yesivakashi, igama lomethuleli liyalungiswa.
- Lapho ibuyekeza ukuqashisa kwe-DHCP, i-VM ithumela igama lomethuleli wayo.
- Ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kwe-ddns & dhcp ohlangothini lwesilawuli sesizinda kulungisa irekhodi le-DNS.
- Ungakwazi ukwengeza i-VM ohlwini lwakho lwamagama futhi ululungiselele nge-Ansible.
3.Dala isifanekiso se-VM
Abasungulanga lutho lapha - bathathe ipacker.
- Engeza umpakishi, i-kickstart config ku-git repository.
- Ukusetha isigqila se-jenkins esikhethekile esine-hyper-v ne-Packer.
- Sakha umsebenzi futhi silungiselela i-Jenkins.
Sisebenza kanjani lesi sixhumanisi:
- I-Packer idala i-VM engenalutho bese icosha i-ISO.
- Amabhuzu e-VM, i-Packer ifaka umyalo ku-bootloader ukuze usebenzise ifayela lethu le-kickstart lisuka ku-floppy disk noma i-http.
- I-Anaconda yethulwa ngokulungiselelwa kwethu, futhi ukucushwa kwe-OS kokuqala kwenziwa.
- I-Packer ilinda ukuthi i-VM itholakale.
- Isipakishi esingaphakathi kwe-VM sisebenza ngendlela yasendaweni.
- I-Ansible isebenzisa izindima ezifanayo ncamashi naleyo esebenza esinyathelweni #1.
- I-Packer ithekelisa isifanekiso se-VM.
Usuku #75: Yenza kabusha isivumelwano ngaphandle kokusephula = Hlola ansible + Testkitchen
Ukuthwebula izivumelwano ngekhodi kungase kungenele. Phela, uma ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenqubo ufuna ukushintsha okuthile, ungakwazi ukuphula okuthile. Ngakho-ke, endabeni yengqalasizinda, ukuhlolwa kwayo kanye le ngqalasizinda kuyavela. Ukuze sivumelanise ulwazi phakathi kweqembu, saqala ukuhlola izindima ezifanelekile. Ngeke ngingene ekujuleni ngoba... kunendatshana echaza izehlakalo ngaleso sikhathi (i-spoiler lena kwakungeyona inguqulo yokugcina futhi kamuva yonke into yaba yinkimbinkimbi ).
Usuku #130: Mhlawumbe i-CentOS + efanelekile ayidingeki? mhlawumbe i-openshift?
Kumele sikuqonde ukuthi uhlelo lokwethulwa kwengqalasizinda bekungelona lodwa futhi bekukhona nezinhlelo ezisemaceleni. Isibonelo, kufike isicelo sokuzokwethula isicelo sethu ku-openshift futhi lokhu kubangele ucwaningo isikhathi esingaphezu kweviki elilodwa okwanciphisa inqubo yokuhamba. Umphumela uvele ukuthi i-openshift ayifaki zonke izidingo; udinga ihadiwe yangempela, noma okungenani ikhono lokudlala nge-kernel.
Usuku #170: I-Openshift ayifaneleki, ake sizinike ithuba nge-Windows Azure Pack?
I-Hyper-V ayinabo ubungane kakhulu, i-SCVMM ayikwenzi kube ngcono kakhulu. Kepha kukhona into efana neWindows Azure Pack, okungezengezo ku-SCVMM futhi ilingisa i-Azure. Kodwa empeleni, umkhiqizo ubukeka ulahliwe: amadokhumenti aphule izixhumanisi futhi ayingcosana kakhulu. Kodwa njengengxenye yocwaningo lwezinketho zokwenza lula impilo yefu lethu, babheke futhi.
Usuku #250: I-Windows Azure Pack ayilungile kakhulu. Sihlala ku-SCVMM
I-Windows Azure Pack yayibukeka ithembisa, kodwa kwanqunywa ukuthi ingalethi i-WAP nezinkimbinkimbi zayo ohlelweni ngenxa yezici ezingadingekile futhi yahlala ne-SCVMM.
Usuku #360: Ukudla indlovu ucezu ngalunye
Ngemva konyaka kuphela isiteji sokuthuthela kuso sase silungile futhi inqubo yokuthutha yaqala. Ngale njongo, umsebenzi we-SMART usethiwe. Sihlole wonke ama-VM futhi saqala ukuthola ukucushwa ngakunye, sikuchaze ku-Ansible, futhi sikumboze ngezivivinyo.
Usuku #450: Hlobo luni lwesistimu olutholile?
Inqubo ngokwayo ayithakazelisi. Kuyinjwayelo, kungaphawulwa ukuthi ukumiswa okuningi bekulula noma ku-isomorphic futhi ngokomgomo we-Pareto, u-80% wokucushwa kwe-VM udinga u-20% wesikhathi. Ngomgomo ofanayo, i-80% yesikhathi yachithwa kulungiselelwa ukuthutha futhi i-20% kuphela ekuhambeni ngokwayo.
Usuku #540: Okokugcina
Kwenzekani ezinyangeni ezingu-18?
- Izivumelwano zaba ikhodi.
- Umsebenzi wezandla -> Umshini -> Ukuzenzakalela.
Links
Source: www.habr.com