U-Arthur Khachuyan unguchwepheshe owaziwayo waseRussia ekucutshungulweni kwedatha enkulu, umsunguli wenkampani ye-Social Data Hub (manje eyi-Tazeros Global). Uzakwethu weNational Research University Higher School of Economics. Ilungiselelwe futhi yethulwa, kanye neNational Research University Higher School of Economics, umthethosivivinywa weDatha Enkulu eMkhandlwini Wenhlangano.Wakhuluma eCurie Institute eParis, eSt. Petersburg State University, Federal University ngaphansi kukaHulumeni waseRussia Federation, e-Red Apple, International OpenDataDay, RIW 2016, AlfaFuturePeople.
Inkulumo yaqoshwa emkhosini ovulekile "Geek Picnic" eMoscow ngo-2019.
U-Arthur Khachuyan (ngemuva kwalokhu – AH): - Uma kusuka kwinani elikhulu lezimboni - kusukela kwezokwelapha, kusukela ekwakhiweni, kokuthile, kokuthile, ukukhetha lapho ubuchwepheshe bedatha enkulu, ukufunda ngomshini, ukufunda okujulile kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu cishe ukuthengisa. Ngoba eminyakeni emithathu edlule noma ngaphezulu, yonke into esizungezile ohlotsheni oluthile lwezokuxhumana zokukhangisa manje isiboshelwe ngokunembile ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha futhi ngokunembile kulokho okungabizwa ngokuthi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, namuhla ngizokutshela ngalokhu kusukela emlandweni okude kakhulu ...
Uma ucabanga ubuhlakani bokwenziwa nokuthi bubukeka kanjani, kungenzeka ukuthi yinto efana naleyo. Isithombe esiyinqaba singesinye samanethiwekhi e-neural engawabhala ngonyaka odlule ukuze ngithole ukuncika kwalokho okwenziwa yinja yami - idinga kangaki ukuba ibe mkhulu, ibe mncane, futhi ngokuvamile incike kangakanani ekutheni idla kangakanani. noma cha?. Leli ihlaya lokuthi kungacatshangelwa kanjani ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, ake sicabange ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjani ekuxhumaneni nokukhangisa. Kunezindlela ezintathu lapho ama-algorithms esimanje ekukhangiseni nasekukhangiseni angaxhumana nathi. Kuyacaca ukuthi indaba yokuqala ihloselwe ukuthola nokukhipha ulwazi olwengeziwe ngami nawe, bese ulusebenzisela izinhloso ezinhle hhayi ezinhle kangako; ukwenza kube ngokwakho indlela yomuntu ngamunye; Ngokwemvelo, emva kwalokhu, dala isidingo esithile ukuze wenze isenzo esihlosiwe esiyinhloko futhi wenze ukudayiswa okuthile.
Besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, bazama ukuxazulula inkinga yokuxhumana okuphumelelayo
Uma ngikutshela ukuthi ucabange ngalokho i-Pornhub ne-M. Ividiyo”, ucabangani?
Amazwana avela ezithamelini (lapha kuzobizwa ngokuthi C): - I-TV, izethameli.
OH: - Umqondo wami ukuthi lezi yizindawo ezimbili lapho abantu beza khona ukuze bathole uhlobo oluthile lwenkonzo, noma masilubize uhlobo oluthile lwempahla. Futhi lezi zilaleli zihlukile ngoba azifuni ukutshela umdayisi lutho. Ufuna ukungena futhi athole lokho akuthakaselayo ngendlela esobala noma engacacile. Ngokwemvelo, akekho oza ku-M. Ividiyo" ayifuni ukuxhumana nanoma yibaphi abathengisi, ayifuni ukuqonda, ayifuni ukuphendula noma yimiphi imibuzo yabo.
Ngakho-ke, indaba yokuqala ilandela kukho konke lokhu.
Lapho kuvele ubuchwepheshe bokuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe ukuze ngandlela thize ugweme ukuxhumana nomuntu. Sonke siyakuthanda uma sishayela ibhange ucingo bese ibhange lisitshela ukuthi: “Sawubona. U-Alexey, uyiklayenti lethu le-VIP. Manje omunye umphathi omkhulu uzokhuluma nawe.” Uza kuleli bhange, futhi ngempela kukhona umphathi ohlukile ongakhuluma nawe. Ngeshwa noma ngenhlanhla, akukho neyodwa inkampani eseyitholile indlela yokuqasha abaphathi bomuntu abayinkulungwane kumakhasimende ayinkulungwane; futhi njengoba iningi lalaba bantu manje seliku-inthanethi, umsebenzi uwukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lomuntu lolu nokuthi ungaxhumana kanjani naye ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokuba eze esisetshenziswa esithile sokukhangisa. Ngakho-ke, eqinisweni, kuvele ubuchwepheshe obuzama ukuxazulula le nkinga.
Ukukhishwa kwedatha uwoyela omusha
Ake sicabange ukuthi ungumnikazi wendawo yokudayisa izimbali. Abantu abathathu beza bezokubona. Eyokuqala imele isikhathi eside kakhulu, iyangabaza, izama ukukhuluma nawe, ithatha uhlobo oluthile lwesixha - uya ukuyisonga, uphume uyokwenza okuthile lapho; ubalekela isitolo nalesi sixha - ulahlekelwe ama-ruble akho ayizinkulungwane ezintathu. Kungani kwenzeka? Awazi lutho ngalo muntu: awuwazi umlando wakhe wokuboshwa eMnyangweni Wezindaba Zangaphakathi, awazi ukuthi uyi-kleptomaniac futhi ubhaliswe esikhungweni sezengqondo. Kungani? Ngoba ukubone okokuqala, futhi awuyena umhlaziyi wokuziphatha.
Kufika omunye umuntu... Vitaly. U-Vitaly naye uthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukukuqonda lokhu, uthi, "Hhayi-ke, ngidinga lokhu nalokhuya." Futhi uthi kuye, "Izimbali zikamama, akunjalo?" Futhi umdayisela isixha.
Umqondo lapha uwukuthola idatha eyanele ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini umuntu ayidingayo ngempela. Wonke umuntu ngokushesha wacabanga ngohlobo oluthile lwamanethiwekhi okukhangisa nokunye...
Wonke umuntu cishe uke wezwa inkulumo eyisiphukuphuku ethi "idatha ingamafutha amasha" izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa? Impela wonke umuntu uzwile. Eqinisweni, abantu bafunde ukuqoqa idatha kudala kakhulu, kodwa ukukhipha idatha kule datha kuwumsebenzi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kwezokuthengisa, noma uhlobo oluthile lwe-algorithms yezibalo, manje oluzama ukuxazulula. Kungani? Ngoba uma ukhuluma nomuntu, angakunikeza impendulo elungile, engalungile, noma eyikhaladi ngandlela thize. Ihlaya engilitshela abafundi bami ukuthi izinhlolovo zihluke kanjani ezibalweni. Ngizonitshela lokhu njenge-anecdote:
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezigodini ezimbili banquma ukuqhuba isifundo ngokwesilinganiso sobude bobudoda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi emzaneni wokuqala, iVillaribo, ubude obujwayelekile buyi-15 centimeters, edolobhaneni laseVillabaggio - 25. Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Ngoba izilinganiso zenziwa endaweni yokuqala, futhi kwesibili kwenziwa inhlolo-vo.
Imboni yezocansi iwuphawu lwezinhlelo zokuncoma
Yingakho indlela yesimanje iwukuhlaziya bonke abantu ngaphandle kokukhetha, ngisho noma bengaphansi kancane kuka-100%, kodwa laba abantu akudingekile ukuba ubabuze, awudingi ukubabheka. Kwanele ukuhlaziya lokho manje okubizwa ngokuthi i-digital footprint ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini edingwa yilo muntu, ukuthi ukhulume kanjani naye ngendlela efanele, ukuthi ungakha kanjani isidingo esiseduze naye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lona umshini ongenangqondo (kodwa mina nawe sikwazi kahle lokhu); asifuni ukuxhumana nabantu bakwa-M. Ividiyo,” futhi ngisho nangaphezulu, lapho siya kuzinsiza ezifana ne-Pornhub, sifuna ukuthola lokho esikudingayo.
Kungani ngihlala ngikhuluma nge-Pornhub? Ngoba imboni yabantu abadala ingeyokuqala ukufika ekuhlaziyweni kobuchwepheshe obunjalo, ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obunjalo, ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha. Uma uthatha imitapo yolwazi emithathu edume kakhulu kule ndawo (isibonelo, i-TensorFlow noma iPandas yePython, yokucubungula amafayela e-CSV, nokunye), uma uyivula ku-Github, nge-Google emfushane yawo wonke lawa magama uzothola abantu abambalwa ababesebenza noma njengamanje abasebenza enkampanini ye-Pornhub, futhi babengabokuqala ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuncoma lapho. Ngokuvamile, le ndaba ithuthuke kakhulu, futhi ikhombisa ukuthi lezi zithameli zingakanani, ukuthi le nkampani iqhubekele phambili kangakanani.
Amazinga amathathu okuhlonza
Kuneqoqo elikhulu ledatha elizungeze umuntu elingakhonjwa. Ngivame ukwehlukanisa lokhu ngokusemthethweni kube amazinga amathathu, ngijule futhi ngijule. Ngokwemvelo, inkampani inedatha yayo.
Uma, sithi, sikhuluma ngokwakha uhlelo lokuncoma, izinga lokuqala yidatha etholakala esitolo ngokwayo (umlando wokuthenga, zonke izinhlobo zokuthengiselana, ukuthi umuntu uhlanganyele kanjani ne-interface).
Okulandelayo kukhona izinga (ngokuqhathaniswa elikhulu kunawo wonke) - yilokhu okubizwa ngokuthi imithombo evulekile. Ungacabangi ukuthi ngikukhuthaza ukuthi usule amanethiwekhi omphakathi, kodwa empeleni, okutholakala emithonjeni evulekile kuvula isethi enkulu yedatha ongayisho, ukuthi ufunde ngomuntu.
Futhi ingxenye yesithathu enkulu imvelo yalo muntu ngokwakhe. Yebo, kunombono wokuthi uma umuntu engekho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, akukho datha ngaye lapho (cishe kakade uyazi ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso), kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi idatha esephrofayili yomuntu. (noma kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza) yi-40% kuphela yolwazi olungatholakala ngakho. Lonke ulwazi lutholakala endaweni yakhe. Inkulumo ethi "ngitshele ukuthi ungubani umngane wakho futhi ngizokutshela ukuthi ungubani" ithatha incazelo entsha ekhulwini lama-XNUMX ngoba inani elikhulu ledatha lingatholakala kulowo muntu.
Uma sikhuluma eduze nezokuxhumana zokukhangisa, khona-ke ukuthola ukuxhumana kokukhangisa hhayi okuvela ekukhangiseni, kodwa okuvela kumngane othile, esimaziyo noma umuntu oqinisekisiwe ngandlela thize kuyisici esihle kakhulu esisetshenziswa abathengisi abaningi. Lapho olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lukunikeza ngokuzumayo ikhodi yephromo yamahhala, wenza iposi ngakho futhi ngaleyo ndlela uhehe izethameli ezintsha. Eqinisweni, le khodi yephromo ye-“Yandex.Taxi” enemibandela ayizange ikhethwe ngokungahleliwe, kodwa ngenxa yalokhu, inani elikhulu ledatha lahlaziywa mayelana namandla akho okuheha izethameli ezintsha futhi ngandlela thize uxhumane nazo.
Baze bahlaziye nokuziphatha kwabalingisi bochungechunge lwe-TV
Ngizokukhombisa izithombe ezintathu, futhi ungitshele ukuthi uyini umehluko phakathi kwazo.
Lena:
Lokhu:
Futhi lena:
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwabo? Konke kulula lapha. Njengaku-quantum mechanics, kulokhu lokhu buciko kwakhiwe ngumbukeli. Okusho ukuthi, umehluko emkhankasweni ofanayo wokukhangisa, owenziwe uphawu olufanayo ngasikhathi sinye, ungowokuthi ubani obuke lokhu buciko. Ngokwami, uma ngiya ku-Amediateka, basabonisa u-Khal Drogo. Angazi ukuthi i-Amediateka icabangani mayelana nezintandokazi zami, kodwa ngesizathu esithile lokhu kwenzeka.
Lokho manje okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana komuntu siqu indaba edume kakhulu yokuheha izethameli nokuxhumana nayo ngendlela efanele. Uma esigabeni sokuqala sihlonze abantu abasebenzisa idatha yethu yomkhiqizo, idatha yomthombo ovulekile futhi, ngokwesibonelo, idatha evela endaweni yalo muntu, thina, ngemva kokumhlaziya, singaqonda ukuthi ungubani, ukuthi singakhuluma kanjani naye ngendlela efanele futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu. ,ukhuluma luphi ulimi khuluma naye.
Lapha ubuchwepheshe sebuhambe kakhulu kangangoba sebeyahlaziywa abalingisi bohlelo lukamabonakude olubukwa ngabantu. Okusho ukuthi, uthanda uchungechunge lwe-TV - [abathanda] bayabukwa, babheke ukuthi uhlanganyele nobani lapho, ukuze uqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lomuntu olungakufanelekela ukuthi uhlanganyele naye. Kuzwakala njengombhedo ophelele, kodwa ukuzijabulisa nje, kuzame kwesinye sezisetshenziswa - abantu abahlukene babona abadali abahlukene (ukuze uhlanganyele nabo ngendlela efanele).
Ayikho imidiya yesimanje eyodwa nanoma iyiphi insiza yevidiyo evele ikubonise izindaba ezithile. Iya kwabezindaba - kulayishwa inani elikhulu lama-algorithms akukhombayo, aqonde wonke umsebenzi wakho wangaphambilini, enze isikhalazo kumodeli yezibalo bese ekukhombisa okuthile. Kulokhu, kukhona indaba engavamile.
Izidingo zinqunywa kanjani? I-Psychometry. I-Physiognomy
Kunezindlela eziningi (zangempela) zokunquma izidingo zangempela zomuntu nokuthi ungaxhumana kanjani nazo ngendlela efanele. Kunezindlela eziningi, konke kuxazululwa ngendlela ehlukile, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi yikuphi okuhle nokubi. Abaphambili babonakala bazi konke.
I-Psychometry. Ngemva kwendaba nge-Cambridge Analytics, kwathatha uhlobo oluthile olushaqisayo, ngokubona kwami, uhlobo oluthile lokuphenduka, ngoba yonke inkampani yesibili yezombangazwe manje iza futhi ithi: "O, ungangenza ngifane noTrump? Nami ngifuna ukuwina, njalo njalo.” Eqinisweni, lokhu, kunjalo, kuwumbhedo wamaqiniso ethu, isibonelo, ukhetho lwezombangazwe. Kodwa ukunquma ama-psychotypes, kusetshenziswa amamodeli amathathu:
- eyokuqala isekelwe kokuqukethwe okusebenzisayo - amagama owabhalayo, ulwazi oluthile oluthandayo, amavidiyo, njll.;
- okwesibili kuboshelwe endleleni osebenzisana ngayo nesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu, ukuthi uthayipha kanjani, yiziphi izinkinobho ozicindezelayo - ngempela, zikhona izinkampani eziphelele, ngokusekelwe ekubhaleni kwazo kwekhibhodi, ezinganquma ngokwethembeka lokho manje osekubizwa ngokuthi ama-psychotypes.
- Angiyena kakhulu isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, angiqondi kahle ukuthi kusebenza kanjani, kodwa ngokombono wokuxhumana kokukhangisa, izethameli ezihlukaniswe ngalezi zigaba zisebenza kahle kakhulu, ngoba umuntu udinga ukuboniswa isikrini esibomvu esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. owesifazane, othile udinga ukuboniswa isikrini esimnyama -isizinda esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinohlobo oluthile lwe-abstraction, futhi sisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kwamanye amazinga aphansi - kangangokuthi umuntu akacabangi ngisho ngakho. Iyiphi inkinga enkulu emakethe yokukhangisa manje? Wonke umuntu uyi-ejenti yezobunhloli, wonke umuntu ucashile, wonke umuntu unezimvume zesiphequluli eziyisigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezifakiwe, ukuze ungakhonjwa nganoma iyiphi indlela - cishe une-“Adblocks”, “Gostrey” kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivimba ukulandelela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda noma yini ngomuntu. Futhi ubuchwepheshe buqhubekele phambili - awudingi ukwazi kuphela ukuthi lo muntu ubuyele kusayithi lakho isikhathi se-125, kodwa futhi ungumuntu onjalo futhi ongavamile.
I-Physiognomy iyisayensi ephikisana kakhulu. Akubhekwa ngisho nesayensi. Leli yiqeqebana labantu abajwayele ukuhlela imitshina yokuqamba amanga komunye uMnyango Wezangaphakathi, futhi manje abenza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwenza samuntu kokusungula. Indlela yokwenza lapha ilula kakhulu: izithombe zakho ezimbalwa zomphakathi zithathwe kwezinye izinkundla zokuxhumana, futhi ijometri enezinhlangothi ezintathu yakhiwe ngazo. Futhi uma ungummeli, manje uzosho ukuthi lona ngumuntu kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu; kodwa ngizokutshela ukuthi lawa amaphuzu ayizinkulungwane ezingu-300 atholakala emkhathini, futhi lokhu akuyena umuntu, futhi akuyona idatha yomuntu siqu. Yilokhu wonke umuntu ovame ukukusho lapho uRoskomnadzor eza kubo.
Kodwa ngokungathí sina, ubuso bakho ngokwehlukana, uma igama lakho nesibongo lingasayinwanga lapho, akuyona idatha yakho yomuntu siqu. Iphuzu liwukuthi abafana baphawula izici ezihlukahlukene zobuso ezithonya indlela umuntu enza ngayo izinqumo nendlela yokuxhumana naye ngendlela efanele. Kwezinye izindawo lokhu kusebenza kabi, kwezinye izingxenye zokukhangisa; lapho izigaba isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ekugcineni, kuvela ukuthi uma uya esisetshenziswa esithile, awuboni isibhengezo esisodwa esiboniswa wonke umuntu, kodwa, isibonelo... manje sekuvamile ukwenza izinketho ezingu-16 noma ezingu-20 ezethameli ezahlukene - futhi ziyasebenza. kuhle kakhulu. Yebo, lokhu kuyadabukisa nakakhulu ngokombono womthengi, ngoba abantu sebeqala ukukhohliswa kakhulu. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ngokombono webhizinisi kusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ibhokisi elimnyama lokufunda ngomshini
Lokhu kubangela inkinga elandelayo ngobuchwepheshe obunjalo: phela, kubathuthukisi abaningi manje lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukufunda okujulile "ibhokisi elimnyama". Uma uke wacwiliswa kule ndaba futhi wakhuluma nabathuthukisi, bahlala bethi: "O, lalela, kahle, sibhale okuthile okungaqondakali lapho, futhi asazi ukuthi kusebenza kanjani." Mhlawumbe othile wenze lokhu.
Lokhu empeleni kukude neqiniso. Lokho manje okubizwa ngokuthi ukufunda ngomshini kukude "nebhokisi elimnyama". Kunenombolo enkulu yezindlela zokuchaza idatha yokufaka neyokukhiphayo, futhi ekugcineni inkampani ingaqonda kahle ngesisekelo sokuthi yiziphi izimpawu umshini onqume ukukubonisa le vidiyo yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile noma enye. Umbuzo wukuthi azikho izinkampani ezike zidalule lokhu, ngoba: okokuqala, kuyimfihlo yohwebo; okwesibili, kuzoba nenani elikhulu ledatha obungazi ngisho ngayo.
Isibonelo, ngaphambi kwalokhu, engxoxweni yezimiso zokuziphatha, sixoxisane ngokuthi amanethiwekhi omphakathi ahlaziya kanjani imilayezo yomuntu siqu ukuze amake abantu ohlotsheni oluthile lwezindaba zokukhangisa. Uma ubhalela othile okuthile, ngokusekelwe kulokhu uthola ithegi ethile, empeleni, uhlobo oluthile lokuxhumana lokukhangisa. Futhi awusoze wakufakazela, futhi cishe akukho phuzu lokukufakazela. Nokho, uma amaphethini afanayo embulwa, ayeyoba khona. Kuvela ukuthi imakethe yokwakha izinhlelo ezinjalo zokuncoma yenza sengathi ayazi ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka.
Abantu abafuni ukwazi ukuthi abantu bazi ngani ngabo
Futhi indaba yesibili ukuthi iklayenti alifuni neze ukwazi ukuthi kungani lithole lesi sikhangiso, lo mkhiqizo othile. Ngizokutshela le ndaba. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami kokuqala ekusetshenzisweni kwezentengiselwano kwezinhlelo zokuncoma ezisekelwe ku-algorithms efanayo ngokunembile ngenxa yocwaningo kwakungo-2015 kunethiwekhi enkulu kakhulu yezitolo zocansi (yebo, futhi akuyona indaba engathandeki ikakhulukazi).
Amakhasimende anikezwe lokhu okulandelayo: angena, angena ngenethiwekhi yawo yezokuxhumana, futhi ngemuva kwemizuzwana emi-5 athola isitolo esiqondene nomuntu uqobo, okungukuthi, yonke imikhiqizo ishintshile - ingena esigabeni esithile, njalonjalo. . Ingabe uyazi ukuthi izinga lokuguqulwa lalesi sitolo lenyuke kangakanani? Hhayi nganoma iyiphi indlela! Bangena abantu babaleka ngaso leso sikhathi. Bangena babona ukuthi baphiwe lokho ababekucabanga...
Inkinga yalokhu kuhlolwa kwakuwukuthi ngaphansi komkhiqizo ngamunye kwakubhalwe ukuthi kungani unikezwe lowo thile (“ngoba uyilungu leqembu elicashile “Owesifazane onamandla ufuna indoda engumata emnyango”). Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zesimanje zokuncoma azilokothi zibonise idatha esekelwe phezu kwesisekelo sokuthi "ukubikezela" kwenziwa.
Indaba ethandwa kakhulu abezindaba ngoba bonke basebenzisa izinhlelo ezifanayo zokuncoma. Ngaphambilini, ama-algorithms abelula kakhulu: bheka isigaba "Sezombangazwe" - futhi akubonisa izindaba ezivela esigabeni "Sezombangazwe". Manje yonke into isiyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi bahlaziya izindawo lapho umise khona igundane, yimaphi amagama ogxile kuwo, lokho okukopishele, ukuthi ujwayele ukuxhumana kanjani naleli khasi. Khona-ke uhlaziya ulwazimagama lwemilayezo ngokwayo: yebo, awufundi nje izindaba mayelana noPutin, kodwa ngendlela ethile, ngombala othile womzwelo. Futhi lapho umuntu ethola izindaba ezithile, akacabangi ngisho nokuthi ufike kanjani lapha. Noma kunjalo, ube esesebenzisana nalokhu okuqukethwe.
Konke lokhu, ngokwemvelo, kuhloswe ngakho ukugcina indoda encane empofu, eneshwa esevele iyahlanya ngenxa yolwazi olukhulu olumzungezile. Lapha kufanele kushiwo ukuthi kungaba kuhle ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezinjalo ukuze wenze ubuciko bube ngokwakho futhi buqoqe ulwazi oluthile, kodwa, ngeshwa, azikho izinkonzo ezinjalo okwamanje.
Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bubamba iklayenti emoyeni futhi budale isidingo
Futhi lapha kuphakama umbuzo owodwa othakazelisa kakhulu wefilosofi, usuka ekudaleni uhlelo lokuncoma uye ekudaleni isidingo. Akuvamile ukuthi umuntu acabange ngakho, kodwa uma uzama ukubuza lokho okubizwa nge-Instagram, "Kungani uqoqa idatha? Kungani ungangibonisi ukukhangisa okungahleliwe?” - I-Instagram izokutshela: "Mngane, konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukukukhombisa ukuthi yini ngempela okuthakaselayo." Njengokuthi, sifuna ukukwazi ngokunembile kangangokuthi singakubonisa kahle lokho okufunayo.
Kodwa ubuchwepheshe sebudlule kudala lo mngcele omubi, futhi ubuchwepheshe obufanayo abusabikezeli ukuthi yini oyidingayo. Bona (ukunaka!) bakha isidingo. Cishe lena into esabekayo kakhulu ezungeza ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kwezokuxhumana okunjalo. Into esabekayo ukuthi isetshenziswe cishe yonke indawo iminyaka engu-3-5 yokugcina - kusukela kumiphumela yosesho lwe-Google kuya kumiphumela yosesho ye-Yandex, kwezinye izinhlelo ... Kulungile, ngeke ngisho noma yini embi nge-Yandex; futhi kuhle.
Liyini iphuzu? Sekuyisikhathi eside ukuxhumana okunjalo kokukhangisa kuye kwasuka esu lapho ubhala khona ukuthi "Ngifuna ukuthenga isihlalo somntwana" futhi ngibone izincwadi eziyizigidi eziyikhulu. Badlulela kulokhu okulandelayo: lapho nje lo wesifazane efake isithombe esinesisu esingasabonakali, umyeni wakhe wayeqala ngokushesha ukulandelwa yimiyalezo: “Ndoda, ukuzalwa kuyeza maduze. Thenga isihlalo sengane."
Lapha, ungase ubuze ngokunengqondo, kungani, ngentuthuko enkulu kangaka kwezobuchwepheshe, ingabe sisabona ukukhangisa okubi kangaka ezinkundleni zokuxhumana? Inkinga iwukuthi kule makethe yonke into isanqunywa ngemali, ngakho umzuzu omuhle omunye umkhangisi onjengoCoca-Cola angase afike athi: “Nazi izigidi ezingu-20 zakho - bonisa izibhengezo zami ezimbi ku-inthanethi yonke.” Futhi bayokwenza ngempela.
Kodwa uma wenza uhlobo oluthile lwe-akhawunti ehlanzekile futhi uhlola ukuthi ama-algorithms anjalo aqagela wena ngokunembe kangakanani: aqale azame ukukuqagela, bese eqala ukwenza okuthile kuwe kusengaphambili. Futhi ubuchopho bomuntu busebenza ngendlela yokuthi, lapho buthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa kubo, bungakwazi ngisho nokucubungula umzuzu wokuthi kungani buthole lokhu kwaziswa. Umthetho wokuqala wokunquma ukuthi usephusheni ukuqonda ukuthi ufike kanjani lapha. Umuntu akakhumbuli ukuthi wagcina nini ekamelweni elithile. Kuyafana lapha.
I-Google Ingase Iqale Ukubumba I-Worldview Yakho
Ucwaningo olunjalo lwenziwa izinkampani eziningana zakwamanye amazwe ezihlanganyela ekulandeleleni i-i. Bafake izinto zokusebenza kumakhompyutha akhethekile aqopha lapho amehlo ohlolwayo ebheke khona. Ngithathe amavolontiya ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa avele askrola okuphakelayo, axhumana nezinkundla zokuxhumana, nokukhangisa, futhi aqopha ulwazi lokuthi yiziphi izingxenye zamabhanela nokudala laba bantu abavale amehlo kukho.
Futhi kuvela ukuthi lapho abantu bethola ubuciko obunjalo bomuntu siqu, abacabangi ngisho ngakho - baqhubekela phambili ngokushesha, baqale ukuxhumana nakho. Ngokombono webhizinisi, lokhu kuhle, kodwa kusukela ekubukeni kwethu, njengabasebenzisi, lokhu akupholile kakhulu, ngoba - yini abayesabayo? - Ukuthi ngesikhathi esisodwa "i-Google" enemibandela ingase iqale (noma, yebo, ingase ingaqali) ukwakha umbono wayo womhlaba. Ngokwesibonelo, kusasa angaqala ukubonisa abantu izindaba zokuthi umhlaba uyisicaba.
Ukudlala nje, kodwa babanjwe izikhathi eziningi kangangokuthi ngesikhathi sokhetho baqala ukunikeza ulwazi oluthile kubantu abathile. Sonke sijwayele ukuthi injini yokusesha ithola konke ngokwethembeka. Kodwa, njengoba ngihlale ngisho, uma ufuna ngempela ukwazi ukuthi umhlaba usebenza kanjani, bhala injini yakho yokusesha, ngaphandle kokuhlunga, ngaphandle kokunaka ilungelo lobunikazi, ngaphandle kokubeka abanye babangani bakho emiphumeleni yosesho. Ukuboniswa kwedatha yangempela ku-inthanethi ngokuvamile kuhlukile kulokho okuboniswa yi-Google, Yandex, Bing, njalonjalo. Ezinye izinto zifihliwe ngoba abangane, ozakwethu, izitha noma omunye umuntu (noma isithandwa sangaphambili olala naye) - akunandaba.
Indlela uTrump awine ngayo
Lapho kunokhetho lokugcina e-United States, kwenziwa ucwaningo olulula. Bathathe izicelo ezifanayo ezindaweni ezahlukene, kumakheli e-IP ahlukene, emadolobheni ahlukene, abantu abahlukene basebenzisa ku-Google into efanayo. Ngokwejwayelekile, isicelo besisesitayelani sokuthi: ngubani ozowina ukhetho? Futhi ngokumangalisayo, imiphumela yakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi kulezo zifundazwe lapho inani elikhulu labantu lizame ukuvotela ikhandidethi elingalungile, bathole izindaba ezinhle mayelana nekhandidethi eliphromothwe yi-Google. Yiphi? Hhayi-ke, kuyacaca ukuthi yimuphi - lowo owaba ngumongameli. Lena indaba engenabufakazi nhlobo, futhi zonke lezi zifundo ziwumunwe emanzini. I-Google ingase ithi: “Bafo, konke lokhu kwenziwa ukuze sibonise okuqukethwe okuhlobene kakhulu nawe.”
Kusukela manje kuya phambili, kufanele wazi ukuthi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi okubaluleke kakhulu akulona neze icala. Inkampani ibiza okuthile okubalulekile okudingeka ukuthengiselwe wena ngesizathu esihle noma esibi.
Labo abangenayo imali manje sebelungiselelwa ukuthenga esikhathini esizayo
Kukhona elinye iphuzu elithakazelisayo lapha engizokutshela ngalo. Inani elikhulu lezithameli ezisebenzayo manje ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kanye nasezinhlelweni zokusebenza ngabantu abasha. Masiyibize kanjena - intsha engakhokhi imali: izingane ezineminyaka engu-8-9 ubudala ezidlala imidlalo ye-moroni, lezi zi-12-13-14 ezisanda kubhalisa ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Kungani izinkampani ezinkulu zingasebenzisa isabelomali esikhulu nezinsiza ukudala izicelo zezithameli ezingakhokhi ezingakaze zenze imali? Okwamanje lapho lezi zethameli ziba ne-solvent, kuzoba nenani elanele ledatha mayelana nayo ukubikezela ukuziphatha kwayo kahle kakhulu.
Manje buza noma iyiphi i-targetologist, yiziphi izethameli ezinzima kakhulu? Bazothi: kunenzuzo enkulu. Ngoba ukuthengisa, isibonelo, ifulethi elibiza ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-150 ngokusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana cishe akunakwenzeka. Kunamacala angawodwa lapho wenza uhlobo oluthile lokukhangisa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-10, umuntu uthenga leli fulethi - iklayenti liyimpumelelo ... Kodwa eyodwa ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi, ngokombono wezibalo, i-crap ephelele. Ngakho-ke, kungani kunzima ukukhomba izethameli ezinemali ephezulu? Ngoba abantu manje abangamalungu ezithameli ezinenzuzo kakhulu bazalwa lapho i-Inthanethi isencane kakhulu, lapho kungekho muntu owazi u-Artemy Lebedev okwamanje, futhi alukho ulwazi ngabo. Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela indlela yabo yokuziphatha, akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi obani abaholi bemibono yabo, nokuthi imiphi imithombo yokuqukethwe abayitholayo.
Ngakho-ke lapho nonke seniba izigidigidi eminyakeni engama-25, futhi izinkampani ezizokuthengisela okuthile zizoba nenani elikhulu ledatha. Kungakho manje sine-GDPR emangalisayo e-Europe evimbela ukuqoqwa kwedatha kubantwana.
Ngokwemvelo, lokhu akusebenzi nhlobo ekusebenzeni, ngoba zonke izingane zisadlala kuma-akhawunti kamama noyise - yile ndlela ulwazi oluqoqwa ngayo. Ngokuzayo lapho unikeza ingane yakho ithebhulethi, cabanga ngalokhu.
Akulona neze ikusasa elesabekayo, le-dystopian, lapho wonke umuntu ezofa empini enemishini - indaba engokoqobo manje. Kunenqwaba yezinkampani ezidala ama-algorithms abantu abaphrofayili yengqondo ngokusekelwe endleleni abadlala ngayo imidlalo. Imboni ethakazelisa kakhulu. Ngokusekelwe kukho konke lokhu, abantu babe sebehlukaniswa ukuze ngandlela thize baxhumane nabo.
Ukubikezelwa kokuziphatha kwalaba bantu kuzotholakala eminyakeni eyi-10-15 - ngqo ngesikhathi lapho sebeba izethameli ezincibilikayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi laba bantu sebevele banikeze imvume kusengaphambili yokucubungula idatha yabo yomuntu siqu, ukuyidlulisela kubantu besithathu, futhi konke lokhu kuyinjabulo, njalonjalo.
Obani abazolahlekelwa umsebenzi?
Futhi indaba yami yokugcina ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlala ebuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani eminyakeni engu-50: sizofa sonke, kuzoba nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwabadayisi ... Kukhona abadayisi lapha abakhathazekile ngokuntuleka kwemisebenzi, akunjalo? Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka, ngoba noma yimuphi umuntu ofaneleka kakhulu ngeke alahlekelwe umsebenzi wakhe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimaphi ama-algorithms adalwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshini usondela kangakanani kulokho esinakho lapha (ukhomba ekhanda lakhe), uma ukhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, abantu abanjalo ngeke bashiywe bengenzi lutho, ngoba umuntu kuzodingeka adale lezi zinto zokudala. yenza. Yebo, kukhona zonke izinhlobo “zama-gans” adweba izithombe ezibukeka njengabantu futhi akha umculo, kodwa kusengenzeka ukuthi abantu bakule ndawo bazolahlekelwa yimisebenzi.
Nginakho konke ngendaba, ngakho-ke ungabuza imibuzo uma unokuningi. Ngiyabonga.
Okuhamba phambili: - Bangane, manje siqhubekela ebhulokhini elithi "Umbuzo nezimpendulo". Uphakamisa isandla sakho - ngiza kuwe.
Umbuzo ovela ezithamelini (XNUMX): - Umbuzo mayelana "nebhokisi elimnyama". Bathe kuyenzeka ukuthi kuqondwe ngqo ukuthi kungani kutholwe umphumela onjalo nalowo onjalo. Ingabe lezi ezinye izinhlobo zama-algorithms, noma ingabe zidinga ukuhlaziywa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngemodeli ngayinye ye-ad hoc (inothi lombhali: "ikakhulukazi kulokhu" - iyunithi yemisho yesiLatini)? Noma ingabe kukhona esenziwe ngomumo wohlobo oluthile lwenethiwekhi ye-neural, uma sikhuluma nje, engenza umqondo webhizinisi?
OH: - Lapha udinga ukuqonda okulandelayo: kunenani elikhulu lemisebenzi ekufundeni komshini. Isibonelo, kunomsebenzi - ukuhlehla. Ukuze uhlehle, awekho amanethiwekhi e-neural adingekayo nhlobo. Konke kulula: unezinkomba eziningana, udinga ukubala okulandelayo. Kunemisebenzi lapho kudingekile ukuphendukela entweni efana nokufunda okujulile. Ngempela, ekufundeni okujulile kunzima ukuqonda ngokuthembekile ukuthi yiziphi izisindo ezinikezwe ama-neurons, kodwa ngokomthetho okudingayo nje ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi idatha ekufakweni nokuthi idlale kanjani ekuphumeni. Lokhu kwanele ngokomthetho ukunika ilungelo lobunikazi isinqumo esinjalo futhi kwanele ukuqonda ukuthi indaba yenziwa kusiphi isisekelo.
Akufani nokuthi uye kusayithi futhi wakhonjiswa uhlobo oluthile lwesibhengezo ngoba uthathe isithombe ngezinwele ezibomvu ku-Instagram ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule. Uma umthuthukisi engabandakanyi ukuqoqwa kwale datha kanye nokumaka umbala wezinwele kulo modeli, khona-ke ngeke kuphume ndawo.
Ithengiswa kanjani imiphumela yezinhlelo zokufunda zomshini?
Z: - Kungumbuzo nje wokuthi: kanjani ukuchaza ngokuqondile, ukuthi ungathengisa kanjani kumuntu ongaqondi ukufundwa komshini. Ngifuna ukusho: imodeli yami iholela ngokucacile kusuka kumbala wezinwele kuya ... kahle, umbala wezinwele uyashintsha ... Ingabe lokhu kungenzeka noma cha?
OH: - Mhlawumbe yebo. Kodwa ngombono wokuthengisa, uhlelo olulodwa kuphela oluzosebenza: unomkhankaso wokukhangisa, sishintsha izethameli ngomunye owenziwe umshini - futhi ubona umphumela. Lokhu, ngeshwa, ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ngokuthembekile ikhasimende ukuthi indaba enjalo iyasebenza, ngoba kunezixazululo eziningi emakethe ezake zaqaliswa futhi azizange zisebenze.
Mayelana nokudala ubuntu obubonakalayo
Z: - Sawubona. Siyabonga ngesifundo. Umbuzo uwukuthi: yiliphi ithuba umuntu analo, okuthi ngenxa yesizathu esithile angafuni ukulandela ukuhola komshini wokufunda, ukuze azenzele ubuntu obubonakalayo obuhluke kakhulu kubuntu bakhe, ngokusebenzisana ne-interface noma kwabanye. esinye isizathu?
OH: - Kunenqwaba yama-plugin ahlukene abhekana ngqo nokuziphatha okungahleliwe. Kukhona into epholile - i-Ghostery, leyo, ngokubona kwami, icishe ikufihle ngokuphelele eqenjini labalandeleli abahlukene abangakwazi ukurekhoda lolu lwazi. Kodwa empeleni, manje konke okudingayo iphrofayili evaliwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuze kungabikho muntu, akukho ama-scrapers amabi, ongaqoqa noma yini lapho. Cishe kungcono ukufaka uhlobo oluthile lwesandiso noma ubhale okuthile ngokwakho.
Uyabona, umqondo lapha uwukuthi ngokomthetho, isibonelo, idatha yomuntu siqu ibhekisela kudatha ongabonakala ngayo, futhi umthetho unikeza njengesibonelo ikheli lakho lokuhlala, ubudala, njalonjalo. Namuhla kunenani ledatha elingenakubalwa ongakwazi ukuhlonzwa ngalo: ukubhala ngesandla kwekhibhodi efanayo, ukucindezela okufanayo, isiginesha yedijithali yesiphequluli... Ngokushesha noma kamuva, umuntu wenza iphutha. Angaba endaweni ethile "ekhefi" esebenzisa "Thor", kodwa ekugcineni, ngesikhathi esisodwa esihle, noma i-VPN izokhohlwa ukuvula, noma enye into, futhi ngaleso sikhathi angakwazi ukukhonjwa. Ngakho-ke indlela elula ukwenza i-akhawunti eyimfihlo futhi ufake isandiso esithile.
Imakethe ibheke endaweni lapho udinga ukucindezela inkinobho eyodwa kuphela ukuze uthole imiphumela.
Z: - Siyabonga ngendaba. Njengenhlalayenza, kuhlale kuthakazelisa kakhulu (ngiyakulandela). Umbuzo uwukuthi: iyiphi inqubekelaphambili ekhona mayelana nokudala izinhlelo ezinhle kubasebenzisi, izinhlelo zokuncoma? Uthe ngesinye isikhathi wawusebenza ohlelweni lokuncoma lokuthola umlingani wocansi, umngane empilweni (noma umculo umuntu angase awuthande)... Yeka ukuthi kuthembisa kangakanani konke lokhu, futhi ubona kanjani ukuthuthuka kwakho kusuka umbono wokudala izinhlelo ezidingwa abantu?
OH: - Ngokuvamile, imakethe iqhubekela phambili lapho abantu bedinga ukucindezela inkinobho eyodwa futhi ngokushesha bathole abakudingayo. Ngokuqondene nolwazi lwami ekudaleni izicelo zokuphola (ngendlela, sizoyethula kabusha ekupheleni konyaka), ngaphezu kokuthi ama-65% ayengamadoda ashadile, inkinga yokuncoma enzima kakhulu ukuthi umuntu wanikezwa amamodeli amaningana. ekuqaleni kwesicelo - " Ubungane", "Ucansi", "Ubungane Bocansi" kanye "Nebhizinisi". Abantu abazange bazikhethele ababekudinga. Amadoda afika akhetha "Uthando," kodwa empeleni ajikijela wonke umuntu ubunqunu, njalonjalo.
Inkinga bekuwukuhlonza umuntu ongahambisani nenye yalezi zinhlobo, futhi ngandlela thize ngokushelela amthathe amhambise kolunye uhlangothi. Ngenxa yenani elincane ledatha, kunzima kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi lokhu kuyiphutha ku-algorithm yokubikezela, noma ukuthi umuntu akekho yini esigabeni sakhe. Kuyafana nangomculo: manje ambalwa kakhulu ama-algorithms afaneleka ngempela “angasakaza” umculo kahle. Mhlawumbe "Yandex.Music". Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-algorithm ye-Yandex.Music yimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngiyamthanda. Mina ngokwami, ngokwesibonelo, angiyithandi i-algorithm yomculo we-YouTube nokunye.
Kukhona, yiqiniso, ubuqili obuthile - yonke into iboshelwe kumalayisensi... Kodwa empeleni, isidingo sezinhlelo ezinjalo siphezulu kakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, inkampani ye-Retail Rocket yaziwa, eyayihileleke ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlelo zokuncoma, kodwa manje ngandlela-thile ayihambi kahle - ngokusobala ngenxa yokuthi abazange bathuthukise ama-algorithms abo isikhathi eside. Konke kuya kulokhu - kuze kube yilapho singena futhi, ngaphandle kokucindezela lutho, sithole esikudingayo (futhi sibe yiziphukuphuku ngokuphelele, ngoba ikhono lethu lokukhetha seliphelile ngokuphelele).
Ithonya ukumaketha
Z: - Sawubona. Igama lami nginguKonstantin. Ngingathanda ukuphakamisa umbuzo mayelana nokumaketha okunomthelela. Ingabe uyawazi amasistimu avumela ibhizinisi ukuthi likhethe i-blogger efanelekayo yebhizinisi ngokusekelwe kudatha ethile yezibalo nokunye? Futhi kwenziwa ngaziphi izizathu lokhu?
OH: - Yebo, ngizoqala kude futhi ngokushesha ngithi inkinga ngabo bonke lobu buchwepheshe ukuthi bonke lobu buhlakani bokufakelwa ekukhangiseni manje bufana nomuntu ohamba nge-tightrope: ngakwesokunxele kunezinkampani ezinkulu ezinemali eningi, futhi noma ngabe yikuphi konke kuzosebenza ngempumelelo kubo ngoba imikhankaso yabo yokukhangisa ihlose ukubuka nje; ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunamabhizinisi amaningi amancane angeke asebenze kuwo, ngoba anedatha eminingi. Kuze kube manje, ukusebenza kwalezi zindaba kuphakathi nendawo.
Uma sekunesabelomali esihle kakade, futhi umsebenzi uwukucubungula lezi zabelomali ngendlela efanele (futhi, empeleni, sekuvele kunedatha eningi)… Ngiyazi izinsiza ezimbalwa, into efana ne-Getblogger, ebonakala inama-algorithms. Ukukhuluma iqiniso, angizange ngiwafunde lawa ma-algorithms. Ngingakutshela ukuthi iyiphi indlela esiyisebenzisayo ukuthola abaholi bemibono lapho sidinga ukunikeza isipho kwabanye omama.
Sisebenzisa imethrikhi ebizwa ngokuthi Isikhathi Sokusabalalisa Okuqukethwe. Isebenza kanje: uthatha umuntu ohlaziya izethameli zakhe, futhi udinga ngokuhlelekile (isibonelo, kanye njalo ngemizuzu emi-5) ukuqoqa ulwazi kokuthunyelwe ngakunye, okuthandile, obeke amazwana kukho, njalo njalo. Ngale ndlela, ungaqonda ukuthi ngasiphi isikhathi umuntu ngamunye ezithamelini zakho ahlanganyele nokuqukethwe kwakho. Phinda lo msebenzi kummeleli ngamunye wezithameli zakhe, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, usebenzisa imethrikhi yesikhathi esimaphakathi sokusabalalisa okuqukethwe, kungaba, isibonelo, kufakwe umbala kugrafu enkulu yenethiwekhi yalaba bantu futhi kusetshenziswe le methrikhi ukwakha amaqoqo.
Lokhu kusebenza kahle uma sifuna, isibonelo, ukuthola omama abangu-15 abagcina umbono wabo womphakathi ku-woman.ru. Kepha lokhu ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe okuyinkimbinkimbi (yize ngokwethiyori kungenziwa ngePython). Okubalulekile ukuthi inkinga ngethonya lokumaketha kuma-ejensi amakhulu okukhangisa ukuthi adinga ama-blogger amakhulu, apholile, abizayo angasebenzeli i-shit. Manje, uhlobo lwemoto lufuna ukuthengisa umkhiqizo othile ngomholi othile wemibono - badinga ukusebenzisa i-auto blogger okokugcina, ngoba izethameli ezinjalo kungenzeka seziyithengile imoto, noma zazi kahle ukuthi hlobo luni lwemoto ezilufunayo, zihlezi nje zibuke. ezimotweni ezipholile. Lapha kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa ukuhlaziya izethameli zomuntu ngokwakhe.
I-Marketing bots
Z: - Ngitshele, ingakanani i-bots ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezithinta ukuqoqwa kolwazi kanye nekhwalithi yayo?
OH: - Kuyinto ethokozisayo ngama-bots. Ama-bot ashibhile kulula ukuwabona - anokuqukethwe okufanayo, noma angabangani, noma akunethiwekhi efanayo. Kukhona nezindlela zokubhekana nama-bots ayinkimbinkimbi. Noma ubuza inkinga ukuthi umxhumanisa kanjani umuntu nenkohliso yakhe?
Z: - Ulwazi olusezingeni eliphezulu luzoba yini umphumela nawo wonke lo doti?
OH: - Lapha kusebenza ngale ndlela: ngenxa yokuthi kunenani elikhulu ledatha (isibonelo, ngolunye uhlobo locwaningo lokumaketha), yonke le-riffraff ingamane ilahlwe ngaphandle. Okusho ukuthi, kungcono ukulahla abantu abambalwa bangempela kunokubamba ama-bots, ngoba akusizi ngalutho ukuba babonise noma yikuphi ukukhangisa. Kodwa uma uqoqa amamethrikhi, isibonelo, ukusebenzisana nezibhengezo noma izinhlelo zokuncoma, ama-akhawunti anjalo angakhishelwa ngaphandle.
Manje ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, cishe kunamaphesenti ayisithupha abalingiswa ababonakalayo noma amakhasi alahliwe noma ama-introverts, ama-algorithms "ahambisana" nama-bots. Ngokuqondene nokuxhumanisa umuntu nenkohliso yakhe, lapha, futhi, konke kuhlanganiswe neqiniso lokuthi umuntu uzokwenza iphutha ngokushesha noma kamuva, futhi into iwukuthi imodeli yokuziphatha iyafana - kokubili i-akhawunti yakhe yangempela kanye nenkohliso yakhe. Maduze bazobuka okuqukethwe okufanayo noma okunye.
Lapha konke akwehlanga kumaphesenti ephutha, kodwa esikhathini esidingekayo ukuze kukhonjwe umuntu ngokuthembekile. Kumuntu ohlala ne-Instagram yakhe, lesi sikhathi sokuhlonza okuthembekile sehlela emizuzwini emihlanu. Kwabanye - ngezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili.
Ubani futhi kanjani ukuthengisa idatha?
Z: - Sawubona. Ngithanda ukwazi ukuthi idatha ithengiswa kanjani phakathi kwezinkampani? Isibonelo, nginesicelo lapho ungathola khona (kumthuthukisi) ukuthi umuntu uya kuphi, yiziphi izitolo ahamba kuzo, nokuthi uchitha malini lapho. Futhi nginesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi, ake sithi, ngingathengisa kanjani idatha mayelana nezethameli zami kulezi zitolo noma ngibeke idatha yami ku-database eyodwa enkulu futhi ngikhokhelwe ngayo?
OH: - Ngokuqondene nokuthengisa idatha ngokuqondile komunye umuntu, wena nabo bonke abanye beningaphambi kwe-OFD - opharetha bedatha yezimali, abazakhele ngobuqili phakathi kokudluliselwa kwamasheke neHhovisi Lentela futhi manje abazama ukudayisela wonke umuntu idatha. Ngempela, empeleni baphahlaze yonke imakethe yezibalo zeselula. Eqinisweni, ungakwazi ukushumeka isicelo sakho, isibonelo, i-pixel ye-Facebook, uhlelo lwayo lwe-DMP; bese usebenzisa lezi zithameli ukuthengisa. Isibonelo, i-pixel ethi "May Target". Angazi nje ukuthi hlobo luni lwezithameli onazo, udinga ukuqonda. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-Yandex noma i-My Target, okuyizinhlelo ezinkulu ze-DMP.
Lena indaba ethokozisayo impela. Inkinga nje ukuthi uzobanikeza yonke ithrafikhi, futhi bona, njengokuhwebelana, bazozithathela bona ukwenza imali kwalokhu mgwaqo. Bangase bakutshele noma bangakutshela ukuthi abantu abayi-10 basebenzise izethameli zakho. Ngakho-ke, kuphakathi kokuthi uzakhela eyakho inethiwekhi yokukhangisa, noma uzinikela kuma-DMP amakhulu.
Ubani ozowina - umculi noma i-techie?
Z: – Umbuzo okude kancane engxenyeni yobuchwepheshe. Kwashiwo ngokwesaba kwabakhangisi mayelana nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwabantu abaningi okuzayo. Ingabe kukhona uhlobo oluthile lomzabalazo wokuncintisana phakathi kokumaketha kokudala (laba bafana abaqhamuke nokukhangisa kwenkukhu, ukukhangisa kwaVolkswagen, kubonakala sengathi) nalabo abathintekayo ku-Big Data (abathi: manje sizoqoqa yonke idatha futhi sihambise ukukhangisa okuhlosiwe wonke)? Njengomuntu obambe iqhaza ngqo, uthini umbono wakho mayelana nokuthi ubani ozowina - umculi, uchwepheshe, noma kuzoba nomphumela othile we-synergistic?
OH: – Lalela, kahle, basebenza ndawonye. Onjiniyela abaqhamuki nobuciko. Labo abanobuciko abazisunguli izethameli. Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lwendaba ehlukahlukene lapha. Izinkinga zangempela manje zingezalabo abahlezi bese becindezela izinkinobho, kulabo abenza "umsebenzi wezinkawu", abacindezela into efanayo nsuku zonke - yibo abantu abazonyamalala.
Kodwa labo abahlaziya idatha bazohlala ngokwemvelo, kodwa othile kufanele acubungule le datha. Kuzodingeka othile eze nalezi zithombe, azidwebe. Umshini awukwazi ukuza nobuciko obunjalo! Umsangano ophelele lo! Noma njengokuthi, isibonelo, ukukhangisa ngegciwane leCarprice, okuyinto, ngendlela, esebenza kahle kakhulu. Khumbula, bekukhona lena ku-YouTube: “Ithengise e-Carprice,” iyahlanya impela. Yiqiniso, ayikho inethiwekhi ye-neural ezokhiqiza indaba enjalo.
Ngokuvamile, ngingumsekeli weqiniso lokuthi akubona abantu abazolahlekelwa imisebenzi, kodwa bayoba nesikhathi esincane sokuphumula, futhi bazokwazi ukuchitha lesi sikhathi samahhala ekuzifundiseni.
Ukukhangisa kwakudala kuzophela
Z: - Ngokuvamile, ukukhangisa okuboniswayo, amabhanela - ngokuvamile, ngisho nokuthengisa imibhalo ayibhaliwe lapho: "Udinga amafasitela - thatha!", "Udinga enye into - thatha!", okungukuthi, abukho nhlobo ubuqambi lapho.
OH: – Ukukhangisa okunjalo kuzophela, yebo, ngokushesha noma kamuva. Ngeke kufe kakhulu ngenxa yokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kodwa ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwami nawe.
Kungcono ukuxuba okuhambisanayo nokungabalulekile
Z: - Ngilapha! Nginombuzo mayelana nokuhlolwa othe akuzange kukusebenzele (ngohlelo lokuncoma). Ngokubona kwakho, ingabe inkinga yini eyasayinwa lapho, kungani kunconywa, noma ingabe yonke into ebonwe umsebenzisi ibonakala ibalulekile kuye? Ngenxa yokuthi ngifunde ukuhlolwa komama, futhi kwakungekho idatha engaka okwamanje, futhi kwakungekho idatha eningi evela ku-intanethi, kwakukhona idatha evela kumthengisi wegrosa owabikezela ukukhulelwa (ukuthi bazoba omama). Futhi lapho bebonisa ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo yomama abakhulelwe, omama babesaba ukuthi bathole ngabo ngaphambi kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezisemthethweni. Futhi akuzange kusebenze. Futhi ukuze baxazulule le nkinga, baxube ngamabomu imikhiqizo efanelekile nento engenamsebenzi ngokuphelele.
OH: “Sikhombise abantu isisekelo sokuthi izincomo zenziwa ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo ukuze siqonde impendulo yabo. Empeleni, kulapho kwazalelwa khona umqondo wokuthi abantu abadingi ukutshelwa ukuthi lena eminye imikhiqizo ebaluleke kakhulu kuye.
Yebo, ngendlela, kukhona indlela yokuwaxuba nezingabalulekile. Kodwa kukhona okuphambene: ngesinye isikhathi abantu bangena bahlanganyele nalo mkhiqizo ongabalulekile - kuvela izinto ezingahleliwe, amamodeli aphuka futhi izinto ziba nzima nakakhulu. Kodwa lokhu kukhona ngempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani eziningi ngamabomu, uma zazi ukuthi othile ucubungula idatha yazo (umuntu angase antshontshe umkhiqizo onjalo kubo), ngezinye izikhathi ziyayixuba ukuze kamuva zibonise ukuthi awuzange uthathe idatha ohlelweni lwayo lokuncoma, kodwa kusukela lokho okubizwa nge-Yandex.Market.
Izivimbeli zezikhangiso nokuphepha kwesiphequluli
Z: - Sawubona. Ukhulume nge-Ghostery ne-Adblock. Ungasitshela ukuthi ama-tracker anjalo asebenza kangakanani ngokujwayelekile (mhlawumbe ngokusekelwe kwizibalo)? Futhi ingabe ubunayo noma yimaphi ama-oda avela ezinkampanini: zithi, qiniseka ukuthi ukukhangisa kwethu akukwazi ukuvalwa yi-Adblock.
OH: - Asithinti ngokuqondile izinkundla zokukhangisa - ngokuqondile ukuze zingaceli ukwenza ukukhangisa kwazo kubonakale kuwo wonke umuntu. Mina ngokwami ngisebenzisa i-Ghostery - ngicabanga ukuthi isandiso esihle kakhulu. Manje zonke iziphequluli zilwela ubumfihlo: I-Mozilla ikhiphe inqwaba yazo zonke izinhlobo zezibuyekezo, i-Google Chrome manje isivikeleke kakhulu. Bonke bavimba konke abangakwenza. I-“Safari” isize yacisha i-“Gyroscope” ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Futhi lo mkhuba, yiqiniso, muhle (hhayi kulabo abaqoqa idatha, nakuba nabo baphuma kuwo), ngoba abantu baqale bavimbe amakhukhi. Wonke umuntu ophethe amanethiwekhi okukhangisa ukhumbule ubuchwepheshe obumangalisayo njengezigxivizo zeminwe zesiphequluli - lawa ama-algorithms athola imingcele ehlukene engu-60 (ukulungiswa kwesikrini, inguqulo, amafonti afakiwe) futhi ngokusekelwe kuwo babala "ID" eyingqayizivele. Asiqhubekele kulokhu. Futhi iziphequluli zaqala ukulwa nalokhu. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuzoba impi engapheli yama-titans.
Unjiniyela wakamuva we-Mozilla uphephe kakhulu. Ayilondolozi cishe awekho amakhukhi futhi isetha ukuphila okufushane. Ikakhulukazi uma uvula okuthi “Incognito”, akekho ozokuthola nhlobo. Umbuzo wukuthi kuzoba nzima ukufaka amaphasiwedi kuzo zonke izinsiza.
I-psychotyping ne-physiognomy isebenza kuphi futhi ingasebenzi?
Z: – Arthur, ngiyabonga kakhulu ngenkulumo. Ngiyakujabulela futhi ukulandela izifundo zakho ku-YouTube. Ushilo ukuthi abathengisi baya ngokuya bephendukela ekusebenziseni i-psychotyping kanye ne-physiognomy. Umbuzo wami uthi: yiziphi izigaba zomkhiqizo lokhu kusebenza kuzo? Inkolelo yami ukuthi lokhu kulungele kuphela i-FMCG. Isibonelo, ukukhetha imoto...
OH: - Ngingalanda lapho kusebenza khona ncamashi. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindaba ezifana ne-"Amediateka", uchungechunge lwe-TV, amafilimu nokunye. Lokhu kusebenza kahle emabhange nasemikhiqizweni yasebhange, uma kungeyona ingxenye ye-premium, kodwa zonke izinhlobo zamakhadi abafundi, izinhlelo zesitolimende - lezo zinhlobo zezinto. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu ku-FMCG nakuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-iPhones, amashaja, konke lokhu kubi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle emikhiqizweni "yomama ne-pop". Nakuba ngiyazi ukuthi ekudobeni (kunesihloko esinjalo) ... Kube nezimo nabadobi izikhathi eziningana - azikwazi neze ukuhlukaniswa ngokuthembekile. Angazi kungani. Uhlobo oluthile lwephutha lezibalo.
Lokhu akusebenzi kahle kubashayeli bezimoto, ngobucwebe, noma ngezinto ezithile zasendlini. Empeleni akusebenzi kahle ezintweni abantu abebengeke babhale ngazo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana - ungabheka ngale ndlela. Ngokujwayelekile, ngokuthengwa komshini wokuwasha: nansi indlela yokuqonda ukuthi ubani onomshini wokuwasha futhi ongenawo? Kubonakala sengathi wonke umuntu unayo. Ungasebenzisa idatha ye-OFD - bona ukuthi ubani othenge ini usebenzisa amarisidi, bese uqondanisa laba bantu usebenzisa amarisidi. Kepha empeleni, kunezinto ongasoze wakhuluma ngazo, ngokwesibonelo, ku-Instagram - kunzima ukusebenza ngezinto ezinjalo.
Imishini ibona amaqhinga njengokugxilisa izibalo.
Z: – Nginombuzo mayelana nokukhomba. Ingabe kungenzeka (noma ingabe zikhona ngokuzumayo) zomlingiswa ongahleliwe onemibandela oziphikisa kukho konke: okokuqala usebenzisa “amajimu angcono kakhulu” kuGoogle, bese ethi “izindlela eziyi-10 zokungenzi lutho” ku-Google? Futhi kunjalo kukho konke. Ingabe ukukhomba kungagcina umkhondo wento eziphikisayo?
OH: - Umbuzo kuphela lapha yilo: uma usuneminyaka engu-2 usebenzisa i-Google, uyitshele konke ongakwenza ngawe, futhi manje zifakele i-plugin ezobhala imibuzo efanayo engahleliwe, khona-ke, kusukela kuzibalo ozozenza ukwazi ukuqonda - okwenzayo manje kungokwezibalo, futhi konke lokhu kuyindaba yokuhlunga. Uma ufuna, bhalisa i-akhawunti entsha, kodwa umthamo wokukhangisa ngeke ushintshe. Uzovele axake. Nakuba esaxakile.
Ezinye izikhangiso 🙂
Siyabonga ngokuhlala nathi. Uyazithanda izindatshana zethu? Ufuna ukubona okuqukethwe okuthakaselayo okwengeziwe? Sisekele ngokufaka i-oda noma ngokuncoma kubangani, , i-analogue ehlukile yamaseva ezinga lokungena, esungulwe yithi ngenxa yakho: (itholakala nge-RAID1 kanye ne-RAID10, kufika kuma-cores angu-24 kuze kufike ku-40GB DDR4).
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Source: www.habr.com