Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-UPS, avame kakhulu emakamelweni eseva yezinga lokungena i-Smart UPS evela ku-APC (manje eyi-Schneider Electric). Ukuthembeka okuhle kakhulu kanye nentengo ephansi emakethe yesibili kunomthelela eqinisweni lokuthi abaphathi besistimu, ngaphandle kokucabanga okuningi, banamathisele idatha ye-UPS kuma-rack futhi bazame ukukhipha inzuzo enkulu ku-hardware yeminyaka eyi-10-15 ngokumane bashintshe amabhethri. Ngeshwa, lokhu akunikezi umphumela olindelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yini futhi wenze kanjani ukwenza i-UPS yakho isebenze βnjengentshaβ.
Ukukhetha ibhethri
Zonke izindatshana nezihloko ezinkundleni ezimayelana nokukhetha ibhethri le-UPS ngokuvamile zifana nezihloko zokukhetha uwoyela wenjini wezimoto/ama-moto. Ake sizame ukungafani nabo, kodwa ukuqonda izimiso eziyisisekelo zokukhetha amabhethri usebenzisa isibonelo somkhiqizi we-CSB.
Siyabona ukuthi banenqwaba yemigqa yebhethri ehlukene: i-GP, i-GPL, i-HR, i-HRL, i-UPS, i-TPL.
Ake siqale ukufunda: I-GP, i-GPL - amabhethri okusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke emisinga ephumayo ephansi naphakathi. Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuphepha nezomlilo kanye ne-UPS. Azisifanele. Nakuba zivame ukuthengwa ngaphandle kokuzihlupha ngokufunda izici zabo.
Uchungechunge lwe-HR - amabhethri anomthamo wamandla anyusiwe futhi avumela ukukhishwa okujulile (kufika ku-11% wamandla asele), awusizo ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka imisinga yokukhipha okuphezulu. Umehluko phakathi kwamabhethri "H" idizayini yegridi ekhethekile evumela ukwanda kokuphuma kwamandla ngo-20%. Afaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla aphezulu kanye ne-UPS.
Uhlamvu oluthi βLβ ochungechungeni lubonisa ukuthi lawa amabhethri anempilo yesevisi enwetshiwe (Ukuphila Okude) asebenza kubhafa iminyaka efika kweyi-10.
Hhayi-ke, uchungechunge lwe-UPS luyibhethri eliklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusebenza kwimodi yamanje ephezulu enesikhathi esifushane sokukhipha.
Ngokwami, ngakhetha isikhathi eside phakathi kwe-UPS ne-HRL, kodwa nganquma ukuthatha i-HRL. Ngeshwa, kuzokwazi ukusho ukuthi bazoziphatha kanjani emsebenzini wesikhathi eside eminyakeni engu-5, futhi i-necroposting ibonakala ingamukeleki kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, sizothatha ngokuthi lokhu kuyisinqumo sami siqu futhi ngeke ngikuphoqelele. Kodwa kufanele uqonde ukuthi kuyadingeka ukukhetha amabhethri aphezulu, ngoba kufanele akwazi ukukhulula wonke amandla awo aqoqwe phakathi kwemizuzu engu-20-30.
Ukukhethwa kokuhlanganiswa kwebhethri
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi amabhethri amaningana asetshenziswa emhlanganweni, kufiseleka kakhulu ukuthi abe nezici ezifanayo. Ngoba ibhethri elilodwa lekhwalithi ephansi lizoholela eqinisweni lokuthi yonke inhlangano ngeke isebenze nhlobo njengoba bekulindelekile.
Cishe eminyakeni emi-5 edlule, ngathola inkampani yakwa-Rostov i-Bastion, ekhiqiza abahloli bamandla ebhethri ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-Skat. Angicabangi ngokufuna ukunemba okufanele kwezilinganiso zamandla, kodwa ukuhlola izinga: i-ideal-alive-usazosebenzela-isidumbu, lo mhloli ungaphezu kokwanele.
Empeleni, ungakwazi ukukala umthamo nge-banal charge-discharge usebenzisa iwashi, isibani semoto esingu-21W (sinikeza umthwalo ongaba ngu-1A) kanye nomhloli, kodwa lokhu kudla isikhathi futhi kuvame ukuvilapha.
Nokho, njengesinyathelo sokugcina, sizama nje ukufaka amabhethri amasha asuka kunqwaba efanayo futhi sethemba ukuthi unenhlanhla.
Ugesi isayensi yokuxhumana
Othintwayo oyedwa omubi ekuhlanganiseni kwamabhethri angu-4 kuzoyiphikisa yonke imizamo yakho, ngakho-ke sihlakaza umhlangano ngokucophelela okukhulu. Imvamisa, i-UPS isebenzisa izixhumi zebhethri ezinamalashi, ezingavele ziguqulwe zibe isimo esifile ngokuvele zizikhiphe. Ngakho-ke, sithatha i-screwdriver encane eyisicaba, siyifake kusixhumi njengasesithombeni futhi sisisuse ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokwenza umzamo omkhulu. Njengoba osebenza naye ephakamisile emazwaneni, udinga nje ukudonsa i-plastic casing, hhayi ucingo. Isixhumi siphuma ngokuchofoza kancane.
Nokho, mayelana nokuxhuma okulungile kwezintambo, ngicabanga ukuthi akudingekile ukubhala. Uma ugibele ngaphakathi kwe-UPS, khona-ke ngokusobala uyawazi isimiso sokuxhuma kochungechunge lwamabhethri. Futhi okunye: ucezu lwephepha noma ipeni noma i-smartphone enekhamera. Ekupheleni komhlangano, uma kwenzeka, silinganisa i-voltage emhlanganweni nomhloli futhi siyiqhathanise nalokho okufanele kube yiyo, ngokusekelwe kwinani lamabhethri.
βNgenze konke njengoba kubhaliwe, kodwa akuzange kusize.β
Awu, manje ubumnandi buqala. I-UPS, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, ngezikhathi ezithile (imvamisa kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 noma eziyi-14, kuye ngezilungiselelo) yenza ukulinganisa okufushane kwebhethri. Ishintshela kumodi yebhethri futhi ikale i-voltage ngokushesha nangemva kwesikhashana. Umphumela walokhu isici esithile sokulungisa "impilo yebhethri", engena kurejista yayo. Njengoba ibhethri ifa kancane kancane, isimo sale rejista siyancipha kancane kancane. Kusukela kulokhu, i-UPS ibala impilo yebhethri esele. Bese kuthi ngesikhathi esisodwa esihle, ibona ukuthi yonke into imbi, i-UPS ikhanyisa inkomba efuna ukuthi kushintshwe ibhethri. Kodwa uma sishintsha, i-UPS ayazi ngayo! Isimo serejista "yamandla ebhethri" sihlala sifana. Sidinga ukukulungisa.
Kunezindlela ezimbili lapha. Indlela yokuqala ilula futhi iyashesha - udinga ukulinganisa ngokugcwele i-UPS. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuyilayisha ngaphezu kuka-35% futhi uqale ukulinganisa, isibonelo kusukela kuhlelo lwe-PowerChute. Lokhu kusebenza cishe ingxenye yesikhathi. Kungani kungabi njalo imfihlakalo igubuzelwe ubumnyama. Ngakho-ke, ake sithathe indlela ende kodwa enokwethenjelwa.
Sizodinga: ikhompuyutha enembobo ye-COM, ikhebula lobunikazi (isibonelo 940-0024C), uhlelo lwe-UpsDiag 2.0 (ukuze uvikeleke i-UPS yakho, uzakwenu uncoma ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa i-apcfix kumodi yamahhala. Ngingakwazi angisho lutho ngalokhu ngaphandle kokuthi angincomi ngokuyinhloko ukucindezela kokuthi UpsDiag okuthile ngaphandle kokuhlela irejista 0, ikakhulukazi inkinobho yokulungisa iphutha lebhethri elizenzakalelayo) futhi . Sinentshisekelo enanini lerejista 0. Ithebula libonisa inani lamabhethri ayindilinga afanelekile ku-vacuum. Noma yimaphi amabhethri angempela azonikeza inani eliphansi ngemva kokulinganisa, kodwa hhayi ngokuningi.
Isibonelo, ngizothatha i-UPS SUA1500RMI2U yangempela. Ngesikhathi sokushintsha ibhethri, i-UpsDiag ibonise inani lerejista elingu-0 β 42. Okusho ukuthi, amabhethri afile. Inani lokulinganisa elisuka kuthebula lingu-A1.
Siqala ukuhlela. Into yokuqala khipha ikhadi lenethiwekhi ku-UPS. Ukuba nekhadi lenethiwekhi ngeke kukunike ithuba lokuhlela irejista. Kungani kungumbuzo wonjiniyela be-APC. Ngenhlanhla, ungayikhipha ngenkathi kushisa ngaphandle kokuvala i-UPS.
Sixhuma ikhebula, qalisa i-UpsDiag, hamba kuthebhu ethi "Calibration" bese ubheka isimo sokubhalisa 0. Sibhale phansi ephepheni, uchofoze kwesokudla kuso - Shintsha. Siyikhuphula ibe yinani kusuka etafuleni lamanani okulinganisa - A1. Uma i-UPS yakho ingekho etafuleni, ngokomgomo ungayikhuphula ibe yi-FF. Akukho lutho olubi olungenzeka kulokhu, ngaphandle kwe-UPS ephazamisayo, ezobonisa ukuthi isilungele ukubamba umthwalo kuze kufike okwesibili.
Bese sidinga ukulinda ukuthi ibhethri lishaje libe ngu-100%, silayishe i-UPS ibe ngu-35% noma ngaphezulu kancane bese siqala ukulinganiswa. Ekupheleni kokulinganisa, siphinde sibheke inani elikurejista 0 futhi siliqhathanise nalokho okulotshwe ephepheni. Ku-SUA1500RMI2U echazwe ngenhla enamabhethri e-HRL1234W amasha, inani libe ngu-98, empeleni, elingekude kakhulu nokulinganisa kwe-A1.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, siyivumela ukuthi ikhokhise kuze kufike ku-100% futhi, sikhiphe ikhebula le-COM, sixhume ikhadi lenethiwekhi futhi sifisele i-UPS impilo ende nejabulisayo ukuze kuzuze i-server rack yethu.
Kodwa-ke, amakhadi enethiwekhi afana ne-AP9619 emakethe yesibili nawo ehle amanani ukuya kumazinga angcolile. Kodwa ukuthi ungazilungiselela kanjani (ukusetha kabusha iphasiwedi, isibuyekezo se-firmware, ukucushwa) kuyisihloko se-athikili ehlukile.
Source: www.habr.com