🥇Iseva yamahhala ye-minecraft ku-AWS engenalwazi lwe-Linux

Sawubona, Habr! Ngokunembayo, izikhohlakali ezifuna indlela yokusetha iseva ye-minecraft ukuze idlale nabangani.

I-athikili ihloselwe abangezona izinhlelo, abangewona ama-sysadmins, ngokuvamile, hhayi izethameli ezinkulu zikaHabr. I-athikili iqukethe imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokwakha iseva ye-minecraft ene-IP ezinikezele, eguqulelwe kubantu abakude ne-IT. Uma lokhu kungaqondene nawe, kungcono ukweqa isihloko.

Yini iseva?

Ngakho yini iseva? Uma sincike kumqondo "weseva" njengengxenye yesofthiwe, khona-ke iseva iwuhlelo olukwazi ukwamukela, ukucubungula nokudlulisa idatha etholwe kubasebenzisi (amakhasimende) axhunywe kule seva. Usebenzisa isiza njengesibonelo, isiza sitholakala kwenye iseva yewebhu, ofinyelela kuyo ngesiphequluli. Esimweni sethu, iseva ye-minecraft ikhiqiza umhlaba lapho abadlali (amaklayenti) baxhuma khona, abakwazi ukuhamba, baphule amabhlogo, njll. Iseva ye-minecraft inesibopho sokuxhuma abadlali nanoma yiziphi izenzo zabo.

Ngokusobala, iseva kufanele isebenze kukhompyutha (umshini). Ungakwazi ukumisa iseva kukhompyutha yakho yasekhaya, kodwa kulokhu:

Ubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho ngokuvula izimbobo kuyo
Iseva izofaka umthwalo kukhompuyutha yakho, okungase kuphazamise umsebenzi wakho ngayo
Awukwazi ukugcina ikhompuyutha yakho yasekhaya isebenza 24/7: kwesinye isikhathi uyayivala, kwesinye isikhathi ikhompuyutha yakho ilahlekelwa ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi, njll.
Ukuze ufinyelele iseva yakho emhlabeni wangaphandle, kuzodingeka ukuthi ufinyelele ikhompuyutha yakho nge Ikheli le-IP, okungukuthi "ekhaya" abahlinzeki be-inthanethi inamandla, okungukuthi, ingashintsha njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3 ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphezu kwamandla akho.

Futhi sizixazulula kanjani lezi zinkinga?

Isixazululo sazo zonke lezi zinkinga ukusebenzisa umshini we-virtual nge i-static, okungukuthi, ikheli le-IP elingaguquleki.

Amagama ayinkimbinkimbi? Ake sikuthole.
Ake siphendukele ku-Wikipedia.

Виртуальная машина (VM, от англ. virtual machine) — программная и/или аппаратная система, эмулирующая аппаратное обеспечение некоторой платформы...

Ukuyibeka ngamagama aluhlaza kakhulu, yikhompyutha engaphakathi kwekhompyutha. Ungakwazi futhi ukufaka isistimu yokusebenza kuyo futhi usebenze ngayo njengekhompuyutha evamile.

Singakuthathaphi?

Impendulo ilula - AWS. Lena inkundla ehlinzeka ngezinsiza eziningi ezahlukene zamafu eziwusizo kuwo wonke umuntu osebenza ngewebhu hhayi kuphela. Ukwakha iseva ye-minecraft, omunye wemikhiqizo ye-AWS uphelele - I-Amazon EC2 - umshini we-virtual wamafu otholakala 24/7. I-AWS inikezela ngomshini omncane obonakalayo (10GB SSD, 1GB RAM) mahhala unyaka, ngaphezu kwalokho, yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlanganisa ikheli le-IP elizinikele (elimile) lamahhala ukuze ufinyelele unomphela ku-VM yakho (umshini obonakalayo) ekhelini elifanayo.

Sakha futhi silungiselela i-VM

Iya kuwebhusayithi AWS kanye nerejista. Bese uya kukhonsoli yokuphatha.

Ku-console, phakathi kwamasevisi, thola EC2 futhi uye kuyo.

Kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhungo sedatha, ukubeka kalula, indawo lapho amaseva e-Amazon atholakala khona. Kufanele ukhethe kuye ngendawo yakho, ngoba ijubane lokuxhumana ku-inthanethi liyahlukahluka, futhi kufanele ukhethe isikhungo sedatha lapho ukuxhumana okuvela edolobheni lakho kuzoba ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuze ukhethe isikhungo sedatha, ngincoma ukusebenzisa isevisi WonderNetwork, ekala isivinini sokudlulisa samaphakethe namanye amadolobha.
Endabeni yami (eMoscow), isikhungo sedatha sase-Ireland sasingifanela.

Isikhathi sokudala umshini obonakalayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yiya kuthebhu Isibonelo sokuqalisa

Ake siqale ukumisa i-VM.

1) Khetha isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza. I-Linux ilungele ukukhulisa amaseva; sizosebenzisa ikhithi yokusabalalisa I-CentOS7

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngeke kube khona indawo enemifanekiso emshinini wakho obonakalayo; ukufinyelela emshinini kuzoba ngekhonsoli. Kuhilela ukulawula i-VM usebenzisa imiyalo kunegundane lekhompyutha. Ungesabi lokhu: lokhu akufanele kukuvimbe manje noma ulahle umbono wokukhulisa iseva yakho ye-minecraft ngoba "kunzima kakhulu." Ukusebenza nomshini ngokusebenzisa ikhonsoli akunzima - uzozibonela maduzane.

2) Manje ake sichaze ukucushwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-VM. Ukuze usebenzise mahhala, i-Amazon inikeza ukucushwa t2.micro, akwanele kuseva ye-minecraft enkulu egcwele ngokugcwele, kodwa eyanele ukudlala nabangani.

3) Shiya ezinye izilungiselelo njengokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa ume kuthebhu Lungiselela amaqembu okuvikela.

Lapha sidinga ukulungiselela ukufinyelela kumachweba weseva ye-minecraft.

Ngamagama alula, imbobo inombolo engeyona inegethivu ekhombisa ukuthi idatha engenayo evela emazweni angaphandle iqondiswe kubani. I-VM ingasingatha izinsiza eziningi ezahlukene namaseva, ngakho-ke wonke amaphakethe edatha angenayo agcina imbobo (inombolo) yendawo (isevisi, iseva) ngaphakathi kwe-VM enhlokweni yawo.

Kumaseva e-minecraft, indinganiso ye-de facto ukusebenzisa ichweba 25565. Ake sengeze umthetho obonisa ukuthi ukufinyelela ku-VM yakho ngale port kuyamukeleka.

Siya efasiteleni ukuze siqedele ukudalwa kwe-VM ngokuchofoza inkinobho Buyekeza futhi Yethule

Isetha ipheya yokhiye we-SSH we-VM

Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana emshinini kuzokwenziwa kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi ye-SSH.

Iphrothokholi ye-SSH isebenza ngale ndlela elandelayo: okhiye ababili (abasesidlangalaleni nabayimfihlo) bayakhiqizwa, ukhiye osesidlangalaleni ugcinwa ku-VM, futhi ukhiye oyimfihlo ugcinwa kukhompuyutha yomuntu oxhuma ku-VM (iklayenti). Lapho uxhuma, i-VM ihlola ukuthi iklayenti linokhiye oyimfihlo ofanelekile.

Chofoza inkinobho Qalisa. Iwindi elilandelayo lizovela phambi kwakho:

Faka igama lokupheya kokhiye (ukuze kube lula kuwe) bese uchofoza Landa ipheya yokhiye. Kufanele ulande .pem ifayela eliqukethe ukhiye wakho oyimfihlo. Chofoza inkinobho Izehlakalo zokuqalisa. Usanda kwenza umshini obonakalayo lapho iseva izofakwa khona.

Ukuthola i-IP emile

Manje sidinga ukuthola futhi sibophe i-IP emile ku-VM yethu. Kule menyu sithola ithebhu I-Elastic IPs futhi sihamba ngayo. Kuthebhu, chofoza inkinobho Nikeza ikheli le-Elastic IP futhi uthole i-IP emile.

Manje ikheli le-IP elitholiwe kufanele lihlotshaniswe ne-VM yethu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yikhethe ohlwini nakumenyu Izenzo khetha Ikheli le-IP elihlobene

Okulandelayo, sizobopha i-VM ekhelini lethu le-IP

Kwenziwe!

Siya ku-VM

Manje njengoba i-VM isilungisiwe futhi nekheli le-IP labelwe, masixhume kuyo futhi sifake iseva yethu ye-minecraft.

Ukuxhuma ku-VM nge-SSH sizosebenzisa uhlelo I-PuTTY. Faka i-PuTTYgen ngokushesha kuleli khasi

Ngemuva kokufaka i-PuTTY, yivule. Manje udinga ukumisa uxhumano.

Kuthebhu Session khetha uhlobo lokuxhuma ssh, itheku 22. Cacisa igama loxhumano. Igama lomsingathi lokuxhuma nge-SSH liwuchungechunge olufana nalokhu: имя_пользователя@публичный_dns.

Igama lomsebenzisi elizenzakalelayo ku-AWS ye-CentOS ngu centos. I-DNS yakho yomphakathi ingabukwa lapha:

Ngiwutholile ulayini [email protected]

Kuthebhu SSH -> Auth faka ukhiye wakho we-SSH oyimfihlo. Igcinwe efayeleni .pem, esiyilande ngaphambilini. Kodwa i-PuTTY ayikwazi ukusebenza ngamafayela .pem, udinga ifomethi .ppk. Ukuze siguqule sizosebenzisa i-PuTTYgen. Imiyalo yokuguqulwa evela kuwebhusayithi ye-PuTTYgen. Ifayela elitholiwe .ppk Masilondoloze futhi sibonise lapha:

Sixhuma ku-VM ngokuvula ukuxhumana nenkinobho Vula.
Siyakuhalalisela! Sisanda kuxhuma kukhonsoli ye-VM yakho. Okusele nje ukufaka iseva yethu kuyo.

Ukufaka nokumisa iseva ye-minecraft

Masiqale ukumisa iseva yethu. Okokuqala, sidinga ukufaka amaphakheji amaningana ku-VM yethu.

sudo yum install -y wget mc iptables iptables-services java screen

Ake sithole ukuthi iphakethe ngalinye lenzelweni.

wget - insiza yokulanda amafayela ku-Linux. Ngokuyisebenzisa sizolanda amafayela eseva.
mc - umhleli wombhalo we-console. Ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa kumsebenzisi ongaqeqeshiwe.
iptables - insiza yokuphatha nokulungisa i-firewall, ngosizo lwayo sizovula ichweba leseva ku-VM yethu.
java - I-minecraft isebenza ku-java, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi iseva isebenze
isikrini - Umphathi wewindi weLinux. Izosivumela ukuthi siphindaphinde ikhonsoli yethu ukuze sikhulise iseva. Iqiniso liwukuthi iseva kufanele yethulwe ngekhonsoli; uma unqamula ku-VM yakho, inqubo yeseva izomiswa. Ngakho-ke, sizoyiqhuba efasiteleni elihlukile le-console.

Manje ake silungiselele i-firewall.

I-firewall isofthiwe noma ingxenye ye-hardware-software yenethiwekhi yekhompiyutha elawula futhi ehlunga ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi edlula kuyo ngokuhambisana nemithetho ethile. (Wikipedia)

Ukuchaza ngamagama alula: cabanga ngedolobha elinezivikelo eziqinile. Uhlala ehlaselwa ngaphandle, kuyilapho impilo evamile iqhubeka edolobheni. Ukuze ungene edolobheni, kunesango odongeni lwenqaba, lapho onogada bema khona futhi bahlole ohlwini ukuthi lo muntu angavunyelwa yini ukungena enqabeni. Indima yodonga kanye nesango kumanethiwekhi wekhompiyutha yenziwa nge-firewall.

sudo mcedit /etc/sysconfig/iptables

Sisanda kwenza ifayela lokumisa i-firewall. Masiyigcwalise ngedatha yokumisa ejwayelekile, okuhlanganisa nomthetho wembobo 25565, okuyimbobo evamile yeseva ye-minecraft.

*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25565 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

Vala ifayela ngokucindezela F10, ilondoloza izinguquko.

Manje ake sethule i-firewall futhi siyinike amandla ekuqaleni:

sudo systemctl enable iptables
sudo systemctl restart iptables

Sizogcina amafayela eseva kufolda ehlukile, siyidale, siye kuyo bese silanda amafayela eseva. Ukuze wenze lokhu kufanele usebenzise wget

mkdir minecraft
cd minecraft
wget <ссылка_на_jar>

Udinga ukuthola isixhumanisi esiqondile ukuze ulande .jar ifayela leseva. Isibonelo, isixhumanisi senguqulo yefayela leseva 1.15.2:

wget https://launcher.mojang.com/v1/objects/bb2b6b1aefcd70dfd1892149ac3a215f6c636b07/server.jar

Buka okuqukethwe kwefolda usebenzisa umyalo ls, qiniseka ukuthi amafayela alandiwe.

Masiqalise ifayela leseva. Manje iseva ngeke isebenze: izodala wonke amafayela adingekayo emsebenzini, futhi izokhononda ngokuthi awuvumelananga nemigomo yelayisensi ye-EULA. Yamukela imigomo ngokuvula ifayela eula.txt

sudo mcedit eula.txt

Qinisekisa isivumelwano sakho ngokushintsha okufakile kube:

eula=true

Vula ifayela server.properties: Leli ifayela lakho lokumisa iseva. Okuningi mayelana nezilungiselelo zeseva

Ushintsho olulandelayo kufanele lwenziwe kuyo:

online-mode=false

Izilungiselelo ezisele zingokubona kwakho.

Iqala iseva

Isikhathi sokuqala iseva. Njengoba ngishilo kakade, iseva iqala ngokuqondile ku-console, kodwa uma sivala ikhonsoli eyinhloko, inqubo yeseva izomiswa. Ngakho-ke, ake sakhe enye ikhonsoli:

screen

Ake siqale iseva kule khonsoli:

 sudo java -Xms512M -Xmx1024M -jar <название_файла_сервера>.jar --nogui

Iseva iqala cishe kumasekhondi angu-45, ungaphazamisi inqubo. Lapho iseva iqaliswa futhi isebenza, uzobona into efana nale:

Siyakuhalalisela! Usanda kuvuselela iseva yakho ye-minecraft. Manje kubalulekile ukuphuma kahle kukhonsoli yesibili ukuze iqhubeke nokusebenza neseva esebenzayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza Ctrl+Ake D. Kufanele ube kukhonsoli eyinhloko futhi ubone umlayezo onjalo [detached from 1551.pts-0.ip-172-31-37-146]. Uma udinga ukubuyela kukhonsoli lapho iseva isebenza khona, sebenzisa screen -r

Manje unganqamula ku-VM yakho. Iseva yakho izofinyeleleka ngekheli le-IP elimile esilithole ngaphambilini, ku-port 25565.

Kuvela ukuthi ikheli lokufaka iseva lizoba <ваш_статический_IP>:25565.

isiphetho

Usebenzisa le miyalo, ungasetha kalula iseva ye-minecraft yamahhala nge-IP ezinikele. I-athikili ibhalwe ngolimi olulula ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ihloselwe abangewona ochwepheshe. Mayelana nalokhu, kuyathakazelisa ukuzwa ukuphawula kwalabo abamatasa, ngoba lapho wenza izinto zibe lula, amaphutha ayiqiniso ku-teminology angenziwa.

Source: www.habr.com

Iseva yamahhala ye-minecraft ku-AWS enolwazi oluyiziro lwe-Linux