Okwaqala njengombono onesibindi wokwenza enye indlela ohlelweni lwezimali lwamanje manje sekuqala ukuphenduka imboni egcwele ngokugcwele enabadlali bayo abakhulu, imibono nemithetho eyisisekelo, amahlaya kanye nezinkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo. Ibutho labalandeli likhula kancane kancane, abasebenzi abasezingeni eliphansi nabadukayo bayaqedwa kancane kancane, futhi kwakhiwa umphakathi othatha amaphrojekthi alolu hlobo ngokungathi sína. Ngenxa yalokho, sekuvele izinhlangothi ezimbili eziyinhloko - labo ababona ukunqoba nge-blockchain futhi bazama ukuthuthukisa iqiniso lamanje ngokusebenzisa izixazululo ze-blockchain; nalabo ababona ukunqoba nge-cryptocurrencies kanye nokwakhiwa kweqiniso elisha. Phakathi kwalokhu kokugcina, kubalulekile ukugqamisa isigaba esifana ne-Bitcoin maximalists, okungenye yezindlela eziqine kakhulu kulokhu.
Imvamisa, amehlo amasosha angaphambili awaphendukeli ekudaleni izindlela nezisombululo zokunqoba kwawo akhethiwe, kodwa abheke amasosha akanye nawo ukuze aziphathe kahle mayelana nokufaneleka kwendlela yawo. Kukhona abathembekile futhi maqondana nenye yezindlela ezingazami ukululaza olunye uhlangothi. Yidla , asebevele bezama ukufakazela ukuthi indlela yabo ibaluleke kakhulu futhi ivumelekile. Futhi kukhona labo isikhundla somunye umbhali ukudlulisa umbono wakhe walesi simo. Ngakhetha ngamabomu izihloko ezicishe zibe nesihloko esifanayo ukuze kubonakale ngokucacile ukuthi isitatimende esisodwa nje esithi “ngubani obalulekile” singavezwa kanjani ngendlela ehlukile.
Imibuzo ethi "ngubani obalulekile" nokuthi "ngubani onethemba eliqhakazile" isiqala ukuphenduka into ethile yendawo, ngoba ngaphezu kwezinkulumo-mpikiswano ezihlakaniphile ezifana nezihloko ezingenhla, bangakwazi futhi ukuqala impi egcwele ephenduka ibe ingxabano eyisiphukuphuku mayelana nokuthi "yikuphi okungcono: ikhonsoli noma i-PC" ukuthungwa kwendawo.
Kulesi sihloko ngeke ngiphikisane nolunye lwezinhlangothi, kodwa kunalokho ukukhombisa ukungabi nancazelo kwale ngxabano. Angazi ukuthi kuzovelani ngalokhu, ngithemba nje ukuthi kuzoholela enkulumweni eyakhayo engingakhipha kuyo amaphuzu abalulekile ngekusasa.
Kulungile, ngizoyeka uku marinate ngalawa ma-foreplay. Ngizoqala ngamaphuzu ambalwa okuthi ngesizathu esithile abantu abaningi bakhohlwe ngawo.
I-Bitcoin ayiyona ubuchwepheshe, kodwa umqondo wezomnotho
Yebo, i-Bitcoin inesisekelo sobuchwepheshe ngesimo se-blockchain, inani elikhulu lemikhawulo, ama-algorithms eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi ye-cryptographic, njalonjalo. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-Bitcoin cishe kuzoba ngokwemvelo yezobuchwepheshe (ukuvela kwamanethiwekhi wezinga lesibili njenge-Lightning Network, ukwethulwa kwamasignesha e-Schnorr), hhayi kwezomnotho (ushintsho enanini lezinhlamvu zemali ezisakazwayo, ushintsho olunamandla. ebunzimeni bokulungisa isivinini esimaphakathi se-block generation). Konke lokhu kuyisici senethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin kanye nezimo ezikhona.
I-Bitcoin ngokwayo, ngendlela ye-cryptocurrency, ikakhulukazi isigaba sezomnotho. Umqondo we-Bitcoin ekuqaleni wadalwa njengolunye uhlelo lwe-electronic transaction olwalungadingi ukulinganisa okumaphakathi. Futhi ngokusekelwe kulo mqondo, isisekelo sesivele senziwa futhi ingqalasizinda yenziwe eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqalisa uhlelo. Ngenxa yalokho, sinesistimu okufanele ixazulule indaba yokwethemba abantu besithathu. Futhi likuphi izinga elibalulekile lokuncika kubantu besithathu kanye nemfuneko yokubathemba? Kwezomnotho.
Uma umbuso uphishekela inqubomgomo yemali engenangqondo, ngenxa yalokho "imali" iphenduka ibe yiphepha elingenamsebenzi, khona-ke isimo esinjalo silahlekelwa ukusekelwa kwabasebenzisi baso, futhi bafuna ezinye izindlela zokulondoloza izimali zabo. Inani le-Bitcoin ukuthi libekela inselele uhlelo olumisiwe futhi linikeza enye indlela eyingxenye yalabo abayifunayo. Angifuni ukujula kulesi sihloko manje, njengoba bese ngibhalile , edingida lolu daba kabanzi. Kodwa kwakubalulekile ukukhuluma ngakho.
I-Blockchain ayiyona i-panacea
Ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlangabezane nezihloko lapho kubhalwe khona ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwe-blockchain kungashintsha imboni yonke. I-blockchain izoshintsha kanjani impilo, ezokuthutha, isayensi, imithi, ukubalwa kwezimali, ukwenziwa kokuqukethwe, imboni yezimoto nezinye izinjabulo. Lena into yokuqala engayithola enjinini yokusesha.
Ngemva kokufunda izihloko ezinjalo, abanye abantu baqala ukucabanga ukuthi i-blockchain iyi-prodigy yomlingo engashintsha izimpilo zethu ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kodwa, eqinisweni, izixazululo eziningi ze-blockchain ezihlongozwayo zingasetshenziswa kusetshenziswa uhlelo oluphakathi nendawo, zingase ziphumelele nakakhulu. Kunamaphrojekthi awuhlobo lwe-analogue ye-blockchain yesixazululo esivele sikhona esimaphakathi. Ukusebenzisa i-blockchain ngenxa ye-blockchain kuwumbono ophakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi i-blockchain ingaba, ngokuphambene nalokho, ibe yinkinga futhi iguquke ibe uhlobo oluthile . Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kungabukeka kanjani irobhothi ku-blockchain.
Angisho ukuthi i-blockchain ubuchwepheshe obungenamsebenzi, ungakwenzi nje kube uhlobo oluthile lwe-aspirin. I-blockchain ibonise okungenani ukubaluleka kwayo ngokuthi umthetho olandelwayo osebenzayo ngendlela ye-Bitcoin wadalwa ngesisekelo sayo. Lolu uhlobo olulodwa lohlelo lokusebenza olungadalwa ngenxa ye-blockchain. Futhi kulokhu, ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo bokusebenza kwe-Bitcoin nokuqinisekisa umqondo wayo, futhi akwakhiwe ngaphakathi ... kanjalo nje.
I-Blockchain ayilungele kuphela ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezingapheli zama-cryptocurrencies. Ingasetshenziselwa ukudala ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa kuphela lapho idingeka khona ngempela.
Manje ake sihlolisise ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-blockchain ne-Bitcoin.
Imoto kanye no-gearbox
I-Blockchain ne-Bitcoin yizigaba ezimbili ezihlukene, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwabo obaluleke kakhulu futhi othembisa kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ungasho ukuthi yikuphi okuqanjiwe okubaluleke kakhulu - imoto noma i-gearbox? Ngokwami, kunzima kimi ukuphendula.
I-Bitcoin ayiyona ubuchwepheshe, kodwa isethi yobuchwepheshe eyenza isigaba esisha - enye indlela yemali. Imoto futhi iyiqoqo lobuchwepheshe obuhlangene obudale enye indlela yokuhamba. Kulokhu, i-blockchain yi-gearbox, ngoba ubuchwepheshe obusiza idivayisi (uhlelo lokusebenza) lusebenze ngokuvumelana nesimiso esithile.
Uma ukhipha u-gearbox emotweni, akusho ukuthi imoto isiyibhakede elingasho lutho lamabhawodi angeke aye ndawo ngaphandle kuka-gearbox. U-gearbox ongaphandle kwemoto nawo awunalo inani. Kusiza ngani ukuthi ahlale kuvulandi wakho? Ngakho-ke, inani labahlanganyeli ngamunye lingalandelelwa kuphela lapho lisebenza ndawonye, hhayi ngokuhlukana.
Kodwa umuntu akufanele acabange ukuthi lezi yizigaba ezihlukene. Ungakha imoto ngaphandle kuka-gearbox, njengezimoto zikagesi, lapho kukhona igiya elilodwa kuphela. Kulokhu, simane sishintshe indlela yokwenza. Uma imoto ingasebenzisi isimiso sebhokisi, lokhu akusho ukuthi ayiseyona imoto. Wehlukile nje.
Akekho okuvimbela ukuthi udale i-cryptocurrency ngaphandle kwe-blockchain. Into yokuqala efika engqondweni igrafu ye-acyclic eqondisiwe noma i-DAG, esetshenziswa, isibonelo, ku-cryptocurrency ye-IOTA. Imvamisa bazama ukwenza i-IoT nge-blockchain, engakhelwanga yona ngokomgomo (yize ngingaphiki uma othile ephumelele). Ngokulandelayo, i-DAG isivele ithembekile kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukwakha i-cryptocurrency IoT, kodwa ingadinga izici ezithile eziyisici se-blockchain.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgomo gearbox isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela izimoto noma ezinye izimoto. Kukhona into enjenge-gearbox, futhi ivame kakhulu emishinini eyahlukene. Angikaze ngisebenze ekukhiqizeni, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukuchaza ngokugcwele ukubaluleka kwamabhokisi kagiya amathuluzi omshini nomthelela wawo kwikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ekhiqiziwe. Ngicabanga nje ukuthi idlala indima ebalulekile kumafektri ezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngoba awukwazi ukuya kude ngesivinini esisodwa futhi lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu amandla omshini.
Ngokufanayo, i-blockchain ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ngenxa yombono we-cryptocurrencies. Manje bazama ukufaka i-blockchain “emishinini” yezimboni ezahlukene ngesiqubulo esithi: “Bheka ukuthi mangaki amathuba, ukuthi kukhulisa kangakanani ukucaca kokugeleza kwedokhumenti, ukuthi kunciphisa kanjani izindleko zokugcina nokucubungula imininingwane, awusadingi. ukuze ube “nemishini” emi-5 enejubane elihlukile, ungasebenzisa “umshini” owodwa wendawo yonke. Isikhathi sizosho ukuthi lo "mshini" uzofika kuphi ngempela futhi ngaziphi izinjongo.
Izingane ze-Bitcoin
Uyawukhumbula u-gearbox olele kuvulandi? Nokho, enye yezimpikiswano eziyinhloko zamanje ngokusebenziseka kwayo ukuthi ingasetshenziswa futhi iguqulelwe kwezinye, izimoto ezifanayo. Engikushoyo ngalokhu ukuthi inombolo enkulu yama-blockchains amanje afana kakhulu ne-Bitcoin blockchain, ngoba isetshenziswa njengesifanekiso.
Yini eyenza i-Bitcoin isebenze kahle? Yakha ibhulokhi cishe njalo emizuzwini eyi-10 ngendlela eyamukelekile nengaphazamiseki futhi yenza imisebenzi, indiva imingcele yamazwe ngamazwe nabalawuli. Futhi ngomqondo othile, yilokho kuphela akwenzayo. Kukhona okwenziwayo - sithumela okwenziwayo, futhi akushintshile. Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi lokhu ngandlela-thile akwanele ukubizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bezinguquko noma umqondo. Kwabanye, lokhu kwanele, ngoba bambalwa abanganikeza okufanayo.
Lapha singanikeza isibonelo sesando nezipikili ezishayayo. I-Bitcoin izoba yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi isando esijwayelekile, futhi ukubethela izipikili odongeni kuyoba ukuthengiselana okungaguquki.
Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi i-Bitcoin ilula kakhulu, inomkhawulo wokusebenza, noma inomumo ongavamile kancane. Futhi benzani? Banyathela izando ezihlukene kukho konke ukunambitheka nombala: othile ushintsha usayizi womgadli noma isibambo (sawubona, i-Bitcoin... into enjalo); abanye benza izando ezikhethekile zemisebenzi ethile; othile unamathisela imbazo noma umdonsi wezinzipho ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesando, ezama ukulenza lisebenze ngokwengeziwe; abanye abantu bavele bengeze ama-rhinestones ngoba isando sibonakala simnyama kubo. Futhi wonke umuntu uthi isando sakhe singcono kakhulu futhi sithuthuka kakhulu. Yile ndlela i-Coinmarketcap ebukeka ngayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi kuba yinhlekisa lapho izipikili zishayelwa ngefosholo (sawubona, ukusakaza), bese abathandi befosholo bejabula, bememezela ukuthi idivayisi yabo isenamandla amakhulu. Eh, bafo ngathi akekho onivimba ukuthi nishaye izikhonkwane ngefosholo, akuyona into edalelwe yona leyo. Kungaba usizo ngempela uma udinga ukwakha into entsha, kodwa asikho isidingo sokuthi ngenxa yobulula bayo, isando esijwayelekile siphansi. Vumela ithuluzi ngalinye lenze lokho elidalelwe kona.
Ngicabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu uzokhetha lokho okulula kakhulu nokubaluleke kakhulu kubo. Ukukhetha kwabasebenzisi ukuthi yini okufanele bayisebenzise ukubethela izipikili kuyoba inkomba enhle yokuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu yomsebenzi.
Kodwa akukhona ukuthi i-Bitcoin blockchain noma umqondo we-Bitcoin usetshenziswa njengesifanekiso esibolekiwe ukudala isisombululo saso. Inkinga ukuthi abaningi babheka i-Bitcoin kanye ne-blockchain yayo.
I-Bitcoin ingumbono othize kanye nendlela ethile yokuwufinyelela. Futhi esikhundleni sokuzakhela eyabo imibono nendlela yabo, noma baphakamise izindlela zokuthuthukisa i-Bitcoin, othile umane azenzele “eyakhe i-Bitcoin.” Ukuzikhethela, yiqiniso, kuhle, kodwa ingabe sidinga ngempela "ama-bitcoins ethu" amaningi? Mina-ke, indlela “yokufana ne-Bitcoin” ikhawulela umbono wakho kokubili kwe-Bitcoin kanye ne-cryptocurrencies, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-blockchain ngokwayo. Nakuba mhlawumbe nginephutha.
Kungani i-Bitcoin iyimodeli T
Kodwa njengoba umphakathi we-cryptocurrency unesinqumo esingaphezulu noma esingaphansi komqondo oyisisekelo wokuthi i-cryptocurrency kufanele ibukeke kanjani, bese udweba ukufana okwengeziwe nemboni yezimoto, singasho ukuthi i-Bitcoin iwuhlobo lwe-Ford Model T. Nakuba ingenakubizwa ngokuthi i-Ford Model T. imoto yokuqala, njengoba zazikhona ngaphambili, kodwa nguye owayengowokuqala ukuxazulula inkinga enkulu eyavimbela ukutholwa kwenqwaba yokuqala - izindleko.
Umqondo we-cryptocurrencies wawusemoyeni emuva ngeminyaka yawo-90s futhi kwaba nemizamo efana ne-Bit Gold, B-Money ne-Hashcash, kodwa bonke babenenkinga eyodwa - ukufakwa endaweni eyodwa. Futhi i-Bitcoin ixazulule le nkinga, eyanikeza ukusekelwa kokuqala phakathi kwalabo okwakubalulekile kubo.
Manje umbuzo uthi: ingabe ukhona obona u-Model Ts eshayela emigwaqweni manje? Ngicabanga ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi abaningi bethu babone okungenani eyodwa yalezi zimoto mathupha. Uma kukhona, lokhu akukhona ukugxekwa kweBitcoin futhi akusona isitatimende sokuthi izoba yinto engasho lutho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Imiqondo nezimiso esizifaka ezimotweni zesimanje ziwukuvela komqondo kanye nomklamo weModel T. I-Bitcoin esiyazi manje izogcina ihambe eceleni. Izimiso eziningi eziyisisekelo zizoba ngaphansi kokuguqulwa nokubuyekezwa kwemibono. I-Bitcoin yesikhathi esizayo ingase yehluke kakhulu kuBitcoin yanamuhla. Ingase ilahlekelwe ukushiyeka kwesimanje, kodwa ingase izuze okusha esingakacabangi ngayo okwamanje. Ngisho neBitcoin ekhona manje ayifani neyayineminyaka eyi-10 edlule.
Akwaziwa ukuthi iyiphi inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo izokwenziwa i-Bitcoin yasekuqaleni. Isisekelo singahlala cishe singashintshiwe, kodwa amanethiwekhi aso ezinga lesibili nelesithathu azovele enziwe izinguquko futhi athuthukiswe. Mhlawumbe sizoqhubeka sishintsha njalo isisekelo kuphela. Noma iyohlala ileya Model T yasendulo, ezoqoqwa futhi isetshenziswe njengesitolo senani.
Asikho isidingo sokubikezela ngokushesha ukukhohlwa noma impumelelo ye-Bitcoin, ngoba asazi i-vector yesikhathi esizayo yokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Ukukhuluma ngokukhohlwa: manje kulula kakhulu ukugxeka i-Bitcoin kanye ne-blockchain yayo. Futhi kulabo abayithandayo, nasi isipho esincane efomini . Ngethemba ukuthi izokusiza futhi yenze umsebenzi wakho ube lula.
Into eyinhloko ukuthi ukugxekwa kweBitcoin nombono wayo akufanele kuncishiswe emcabangweni olula: "Le nqola ayinalo ihhashi." Singaqiniseka kanjani ukuthi izosiyisa lapho, futhi siyoyilawula kanjani? Kungani siqhamuke nendlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi engaqondakali yokuhambahamba uma singakwazi ukugibela ihhashi? Yini eyenza ucabange ukuthi sizogibela lokhu, uma sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka sigibela amahhashi? Kuthiwani uma iphuka? Yonke le imibuzo ebalulekile. Mhlawumbe othile uzokwazi ukubaphendula ngokwengxenye uma engaboni nje ngaphansi kwe-hood, kodwa zama ukuqonda ukuthi "it" isebenza kanjani nokuthi inikeza ini ekugcineni.
Yebo, ihhashi liyisixazululo esihle kakhulu futhi esivumelana nendawo eyodwa, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi sizolisebenzisa kuze kube phakade.
Okuncane mayelana namathemba
Njengoba i-blockchain iwubuchwepheshe, kulula ukuthi ithathe umhlaba. Ingasetshenziswa, emva kwalokho ungakwazi ukuqonda ngokushesha ukuthi iyiphi imiphumela enikezayo. Ungahlala uzama futhi uhlole kabili uze uthole inketho engcono kakhulu, noma uyilahle njengokungadingeki. Asikho isidingo sokudala iqiniso elisha futhi uguqule kakhulu imibono yabantu, ungamane uguqule okuyikho. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-blockchain ibonakala ingokoqobo, ngakho-ke ithembisa kakhulu.
Imibono efana ne-Bitcoin iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Uma ubuchwepheshe bunenhloso, khona-ke umqondo uwukuthi i-intersubjective. Okusho ukuthi, umthelela nokuthembeka kwawo kukhula ngenani lalabo abasekela lo mbono futhi babone incazelo kuwo. Imali, umbuso, inkolo, amalungelo abantu, umqondo wenqubekelaphambili - konke lokhu kuyimibono nezinganekwane eziphikisanayo, futhi izinhlelo ezakhiwe nxazonke zinamandla kakhulu kunanoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe.
Imibono ihlale inamandla kunobuchwepheshe, kodwa ayihlali ithembisa ukwedlula yona. Umbono ungenziwa uphile kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene, sivele sikhethe indlela yokwenza. Ungikhumbuza U-Nassim Taleb: “I-Bitcoin izobhekana nezikhathi ezinzima. Futhi angase ahluleke. Kodwa singayisungula kalula ngoba manje sesiyazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani.”
Yebo, manje i-Bitcoin ingaba uhlobo lwenqubomgomo yomshwalense, kodwa angicabangi ukuthi kukhona umuntu ongafuna ukungena esimweni lapho umuntu ngenkani sebenzisa i-Bitcoin, njengasendabeni yaseVenezuela. Kungcono uma umuntu ngifuna sebenzisa. Futhi udinga ukulwela lokhu, abathandekayo be-cryptoanarchists.
Nakuba i-blockchain ne-Bitcoin zinemvelaphi efanayo, zinezindlela ezihlukene zokuthuthuka. Asikho isidingo sokuphikisana nabalingani ngokuthi ubani ongcono nobaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukuhambisa lawo mandla enze izixazululo ezivumela wonke umuntu ukuthi awine, hhayi nje ngamazwi, kodwa ngesenzo. Ukuthula kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ungalimazi amahhashi
Source: www.habr.com