Qaphela. transl.: Lesi sihloko esivusa inkanuko mayelana ne-blockchain sabhalwa futhi sanyatheliswa cishe eminyakeni emibili edlule ngesi-Dutch. Muva nje lihunyushelwe esiNgisini, okubangele ukwanda okusha kwentshisekelo evela emphakathini we-IT omkhulu nakakhulu. Naphezu kokuthi ezinye izibalo seziphelelwe yisikhathi ngalesi sikhathi, ingqikithi umbhali azama ukuyiveza isalokhu ifana.
I-Blockchain izoshintsha yonke into: imboni yezokuthutha, uhlelo lwezezimali, uhulumeni ... empeleni, cishe kulula ukubhala izindawo zokuphila kwethu ukuthi ngeke zithinte. Nokho, intshiseko ngayo ngokuvamile isekelwe ekuntuleni ulwazi nokuqonda. I-Blockchain iyisixazululo ekufuneni inkinga.
U-Sjoerd Knibbeler udale lesi sithombe esenzela Intatheli kuphela; izithombe ezisele kulesi sihloko zivela ochungechungeni lwe-'Izifundo Zamanje' (2013-2016), okuningi mayelana nalokho okungatholakala ekupheleni kwesihloko.
Cabanga nje: isixuku sabahleli bohlelo ehholo elikhulu. Bahlezi ezihlalweni ezigoqayo, phambi kwabo kukhona amalaptop asongekayo. Indoda ivela esiteji ikhanyiswe ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
“Ama-blockchainers angamakhulu ayisikhombisa! - umemeza ezilalelini zakhe. Ukhomba abantu abasegumbini: - Ukufunda ngomshini... - bese kuthi ngezwi eliphezulu: - Ukuphenduka kwamandla! Ukunakekela impilo! Ukuphepha komphakathi kanye nokugcinwa komthetho! Ikusasa lohlelo lwempesheni!
Siyakuhalalisela, siseBlockchaingers Hackathon 2018 eGroningen, eNetherlands (). Uma kufanele bakholwe izikhulumi, umlando wenziwa lapha. Ngaphambilini, izwi elivela kuvidiyo ehambisana nalesi sihloko libuza izethameli: Ingabe zingacabanga ukuthi khona lapha, khona manje, kuleli gumbi, zizothola ikhambi elizoshintsha “izigidigidi zokuphila”? Futhi ngalawa mazwi, Umhlaba osesikrinini uqhuma ngemisebe yokukhanya.
Bese kuvela uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi wase-Dutch u-Raymond Knops, egqoke imfashini yakamuva ye-tech geek - i-sweatshirt emnyama. Ulapha "njengesisheshisi esikhulu" (noma ngabe lokho kusho ukuthini). "Wonke umuntu unomuzwa wokuthi i-blockchain izoshintsha ngokuyisisekelo ukubusa," kusho uKnops.
Bengilokhu ngizwa nge-blockchain njalo eminyakeni yamuva. Nokho, njengathi sonke. Ngoba ukuyo yonke indawo.
Futhi ngokusobala akumina ngedwa ozibuzayo: ingabe othile uzongichazela ukuthi kuyini lokhu? Futhi iyini “imvelo yayo yokuguquguquka”? Ixazulula yiphi inkinga?
Empeleni, yingakho nginqume ukubhala lesi sihloko. Ngingakutshela ngaso leso sikhathi: lolu uhambo oluyinqaba oluya ndawo. Angikaze empilweni yami ngihlangabezane nensada yejagoni echaza okuncane kangaka. Angikaze ngibone ubukhazikhazi obungaka obuncipha ngokushesha uma bubukisisa. Futhi angikaze ngibone abantu abaningi kangaka befuna inkinga “yesixazululo” sabo.
"Ama-ejenti oshintsho" edolobheni laseDashi lesifundazwe
Izakhamizi zaseZuidhorn, idolobha elinabantu abangaphansi kuka-8000 nje enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNetherlands, bezingazi ukuthi iyini i-blockchain.
"Ebesazi konke: i-blockchain iyeza futhi izinguquko zomhlaba zisilindile," kusho esinye sezikhulu zedolobha . "Besinokukhetha: ukuhlala emuva noma senze okuthile."
Abantu baseZuidhorn banquma ukuthatha isinyathelo. Kunqunywe ukuthi "ukudluliselwa ku-blockchain" uhlelo lukamasipala lokusiza izingane ezivela emindenini engenayo imali ephansi. Ukwenza lokhu, umasipala umeme umfundi kanye nomthandi we-blockchain uMaarten Veldhuijs ukuze aqeqeshelwe umsebenzi.
Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwakuwukuchaza ukuthi iyini i-blockchain. Lapho ngimbuza umbuzo ofanayo, wathi “uhlobo lwesistimu olungakwazi ukumiswa","Amandla emvelo", uma uthanda, noma kunalokho,"i-algorithm ye-decentralized consensus". "Kulungile, lokhu kunzima ukukuchaza, wagcina evumile. - Ngatshela iziphathimandla: “Kungcono nginifakele isicelo, khona-ke konke kuzocaca.”".
Kulula ukusho kunokwenza.
Uhlelo losizo luvumela imindeni ehola kancane ukuthi iqashe ibhayisikili, iye etiyetha noma yasesinema ngezindleko zedolobha, njll. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakudingeka baqoqe inqwaba yamaphepha namarisidi. Kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Velthuijs lushintshe yonke into: manje okumele ukwenze ukuskena ikhodi - uthola ibhayisikili, futhi umnikazi webhizinisi uthola imali.
Kungazelelwe, idolobhana elincane laba ngesinye “sezikhungo zenguquko ye-blockchain yomhlaba wonke.” Kwalandela ukunakwa kwabezindaba ngisho nemiklomelo: idolobhakazi lazuza indondo “yokusungula izinto ezintsha emsebenzini kamasipala” futhi laqokelwa indondo yephrojekthi ye-IT ehamba phambili kanye nenkonzo yomphakathi ehamba phambili.
Abaphathi bendawo babonisa isasasa elikhulayo. U-Velthuijs kanye nethimba lakhe "labafundi" babebumba iqiniso elisha. Nokho, leli gama lalingahambisani neze nesasasa elaligcwele idolobha. Abanye abahlali bababiza ngokuqondile "ama-ejenti oshintsho" (lesi isisho esivamile esiNgisini ngabantu aba - cishe. transl.).
Usebenza kanjani?
Kulungile, ama-ejenti okushintsha, inguquko, yonke into iyashintsha ... Kodwa yini i-blockchain?
Emgogodleni wayo, i-blockchain iyispredishithi esimenyezelwa kakhulu (cabanga nge-Excel ngesipredishithi esisodwa). Ngamanye amazwi, kuyindlela entsha yokugcina idatha. Ezinqolobaneni zolwazi ezivamile kuvame ukuba nomsebenzisi oyedwa onesibopho ngakho. Nguye onqumayo ukuthi ubani okwazi ukufinyelela idatha nokuthi ubani ongayifaka, ayihlele futhi ayisuse. Nge-blockchain konke kuhlukile. Akekho umuntu onesibopho sanoma yini, futhi akekho ongashintsha noma asuse idatha. Bangakwazi kuphela yethula и phequlula.
I-Bitcoin ingeyokuqala, edume kakhulu, futhi mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa kwe-blockchain kuphela. Le mali yedijithali ikuvumela ukuthi udlulise imali isuka endaweni A uye endaweni engu-B ngaphandle kokuba nebhange libambe iqhaza.
Usebenza kanjani? Ake sithi udinga ukudlulisa imali isuka kuJesse uye kuJames. Amabhange amahle kulokhu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngicela ibhange lithumele imali kuJames. Ibhange liqala amasheke adingekayo: ingabe ikhona imali eyanele ku-akhawunti? Ingabe inombolo ye-akhawunti ebonisiwe ikhona? Futhi ku-database yakhe ubhala into efana "nokudlulisa imali isuka kuJesse iye kuJames."
Endabeni ye-Bitcoin, izinto ziyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Umemezela ngokuzwakalayo ohlotsheni oluthile lwengxoxo enkulu: "Susa i-bitcoin eyodwa usuka ku-Jesse uye ku-James!" Bese kuba nabasebenzisi (abavukuzi) abaqoqa ukuthengiselana kumabhulokhi amancane.
Ukwengeza la mabhulokhi okwenziwayo kubhulokhi yomphakathi ye-blockchain, abavukuzi kufanele baxazulule inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi (kufanele baqagele inombolo enkulu kakhulu ohlwini olukhulu kakhulu lwezinombolo). Lo msebenzi uvamise ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 ukuqeda. Uma isikhathi sokuthola impendulo sincipha kancane kancane (isibonelo, abavukuzi bashintshela kumishini enamandla kakhulu), ubunzima benkinga bukhula ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Uma impendulo isitholakele, umvukuzi wengeza ukuthengiselana enguqulweni yakamuva ye-blockchain - leyo egcinwa endaweni. Futhi umlayezo ungena engxoxweni: "Ngiyixazulule inkinga, bheka!" Noma ubani angabheka futhi aqinisekise ukuthi isixazululo silungile. Ngemuva kwalokhu, wonke umuntu ubuyekeza izinguqulo zabo zendawo ze-blockchain. Voila! Umsebenzi usuqediwe. Umvukuzi uthola ama-bitcoins njengomvuzo ngomsebenzi wakhe.
Uyini lo msebenzi?
Kungani lo msebenzi udingeka nhlobo? Eqinisweni, uma wonke umuntu ehlala eziphatha ngokwethembeka, besingeke sibe khona isidingo salokho. Kodwa cabanga ngesimo lapho othile enquma ukusebenzisa kabili ama-bitcoins abo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngithi kuJakobe noJohane ngesikhathi esisodwa: “Nayi i-Bitcoin yakho.” Futhi othile udinga ukuhlola ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka. Ngalo mqondo, abavukuzi benza umsebenzi amabhange ngokuvamile anesibopho kuwo: banquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuthengiselana okuvunyelwe.
Yiqiniso, umvukuzi angazama ukukopela uhlelo ngokusebenzisana nami. Kodwa umzamo wokuchitha ama-bitcoins afanayo kabili uzodalulwa ngokushesha, futhi abanye abavukuzi bazokwenqaba ukuvuselela i-blockchain. Ngakho-ke, umvukuzi ononya uzosebenzisa izinsiza ekuxazululeni inkinga, kodwa ngeke awuthole umvuzo. Ngenxa yobunzima benkinga, izindleko zokuyixazulula ziphakeme ngokwanele kangangokuthi kunenzuzo enkulu kakhulu kubavukuzi ukuthi bahambisane nemithetho.
Maye, indlela enjalo ayisebenzi kakhulu. Futhi izinto zingaba lula kakhulu uma ukuphathwa kwedatha kungase kunikezwe inkampani yangaphandle (isibonelo, ibhange). Kodwa lokhu yikho kanye uSatoshi Nakamoto, umsunguli owaziwayo weBitcoin, ayefuna ukukugwema. Wayebheka amabhange njengobubi bendawo yonke. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bangamisa noma bakhiphe imali ku-akhawunti yakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Yingakho eqhamuke ne-Bitcoin.
Futhi i-Bitcoin iyasebenza. I-cryptocurrency ecosystem iyakhula futhi iyathuthuka: ngokwezilinganiso zakamuva, inani lezimali zedijithali lidlule i-1855 (ku kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2020, sekuvele kukhona ezingaphezu kuka-5000 zazo - cishe. transl.).
Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunakushiwo ukuthi i-Bitcoin iyimpumelelo emangalisayo. Amaphesenti amancane kuphela ezitolo amukela imali yedijithali, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Okokuqala nje, izinkokhelo ngokwazo kakhulu (ngezinye izikhathi inkokhelo ithatha imizuzu engu-9, kodwa kube nezikhathi lapho ukuthengiselana kuthathe izinsuku ezingu-9!). Indlela yokukhokha inzima kakhulu (zizame ngokwakho - ukuvula i-blister eqinile ngesikelo kulula kakhulu). Futhi ekugcineni, intengo ye-Bitcoin ngokwayo ayizinzile ngokwedlulele (ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-€ 17000, yawela ku-€ 3000, yabe yeqa futhi ku-€ 10000 ...).
Kodwa into embi kakhulu ukuthi sisekude ne-utopia emisiwe uNakamoto ayephupha ngayo, okuwukuthi ukuqedwa kwabaxhumanisi “abathenjwayo” abangadingekile. Okuxakayo ukuthi kunamachibi okumbiwa amathathu kuphela (ichibi lezimayini inqwaba yamakhompiyutha ezimayini atholakala ndawana thize e-Alaska noma kwezinye izindawo ezikude ngenhla kwe-Arctic Circle) anesibopho sokukhiqiza ngaphezu kwengxenye yama-bitcoins amasha.* (futhi, ngokufanele, ngokubheka ukuthengiselana). (Okwamanje kukhona ezi-4 zazo - cishe. transl.)
* UNakamoto wayekholelwa ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu angasebenza ekuxazululeni inkinga ngokulingana nabanye. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkampani zasebenzisa ithuba lokufinyelela okukhethekile kumishini ekhethekile nendawo. Ngenxa yokuncintisana okunjalo okungalungile, bakwazi ukubamba iqhaza eliphambili ku-ecosystem. Okwakuhloswe ukuthi kube iphrojekthi ehlukaniselwe abantu kwaphinde kwabekwa endaweni eyodwa. Izinga lamanje lokwahlukaniswa kwama-cryptocurrencies ahlukene lingabukwa .
Okwamanje, i-Bitcoin ifaneleka kangcono ukuqagela kwezezimali. Umuntu onenhlanhla owathenga i-cryptocurrency ngamadola angama-20 noma ama-euro ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwayo manje unemali eyanele yohambo oluningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Okusiletha ku-blockchain. Ubuchwepheshe obungangeneki obuletha ingcebo engazelelwe buyindlela efakazelwe ye-hype. Abeluleki, abaphathi nabeluleki bafunda ngemali engaqondakali eshintsha abantu abajwayelekile babe osozigidi bephephandaba. “Hmm... nathi kufanele sibe nesandla kulokhu,” bacabanga kanjalo. Kodwa lokhu ngeke kusenziwa ngeBitcoin. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona i-blockchain - ubuchwepheshe ngemuva isisekelo I-Bitcoin, okuyinto eyenza ipholile.
I-Blockchain ihlanganisa umqondo we-Bitcoin: masingalahleki amabhange kuphela, kodwa futhi nezindawo zokubhalisa umhlaba, imishini yokuvota, izinkampani zomshuwalense, i-Facebook, i-Uber, i-Amazon, i-Lung Foundation, imboni yezocansi, uhulumeni kanye nebhizinisi jikelele. Ngenxa ye-blockchain, zonke zizoba zingasebenzi. Amandla kubasebenzisi!
[Ngo-2018] WIRED zibalwa yezindawo ezingu-187 i-blockchain engase ithuthuke.
Imboni ibiza ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-600
Ngaleso sikhathi, iBloomberg usayizi womkhakha wembulunga yonke cishe oyizigidi ezingama-700 USD noma ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-600 (lokhu bekungo-2018; ngokusho , imakethe yabe ifinyelela ku-1,2 billion USD futhi yafinyelela ku-3 billion ngo-2020 - cishe. transl.). Izinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-IBM, iMicrosoft ne-Accenture zineminyango yonke ezinikele kulobu buchwepheshe. I-Netherlands inazo zonke izinhlobo zoxhaso lwe-blockchain innovation.
Inkinga nje ukuthi kunegebe elikhulu phakathi kwezithembiso neqiniso. Kuze kube manje, kuzwakala sengathi i-blockchain ibukeka kahle kakhulu kumaslayidi e-PowerPoint. Ucwaningo lwe-Bloomberg luthole ukuthi amaphrojekthi amaningi we-blockchain awadluli ukukhululwa kwabezindaba. Uhulumeni waseHonduras wayezodlulisela ukubhaliswa komhlaba ku-blockchain. Leli cebo kwaba kumshini wokushisa ongemuva. I-Nasdaq exchange yayibheke ukwakha isisombululo esisekelwe ku-blockchain. . Kuthiwani nge-Dutch Central Bank? Futhi futhi ! Ngu inkampani yokubonisana i-Deloitte, yamaphrojekthi we-blockchain angu-86000+ aqalisiwe, ama-92% ashiywe ekupheleni kuka-2017.
Kungani amaphrojekthi amaningi ehluleka? Ukhanyiselwe - futhi ngenxa yalokho owayengunjiniyela - we-blockchain u-Mark van Cuijk uthi: “Ungasebenzisa i-forklift ukuze uphakamise iphakethe likabhiya etafuleni lasekhishini. Akusebenzi kangako."
Ngizobala izinkinga ezimbalwa. Okokuqala nje, lobu buchwepheshe buphikisana nomthetho wokuvikela idatha we-EU, ikakhulukazi ilungelo lokukhohlwa ngedijithali. Uma imininingwane iku-blockchain, ayikwazi ukususwa. Isibonelo, kunezixhumanisi zezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zezingane ku-Bitcoin blockchain. Futhi azinakususwa lapho*.
* Umvukuzi angakhetha ukwengeza noma yimuphi umbhalo ku-Bitcoin blockchain. Ngeshwa, lezi futhi zingabandakanya izixhumanisi zezithombe zocansi zezingane nezithombe ezinqunu zama-ex. Funda kabanzi: "" nguMatzutt et al (2018).
Futhi, i-blockchain ayiyona into engaziwa, kodwa "igama-mbumbulu": umsebenzisi ngamunye uboshwe enombolweni ethile, futhi noma ubani ongakwazi ukuhlobanisa igama lomsebenzisi nale nombolo uzokwazi ukulandelela wonke umlando wokuthengiselana kwakhe. Phela, izenzo zomsebenzisi ngamunye ku-blockchain zivulekele wonke umuntu.
Isibonelo, izigebengu ze-imeyili ezisolwa ngo-Hillary Clinton zabanjwa ngokufanisa ubunikazi babo nokuthengiselana kwe-Bitcoin. Abacwaningi abavela e-Qatar University bakwazile ngokunembile ubunikazi bamashumi ezinkulungwane zabasebenzisi beBitcoin abasebenzisa izingosi zokuxhumana. Abanye abacwaningi baye babonisa ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukwenza usebenzisa ama-tracker kumawebhusayithi ezitolo eziku-inthanethi.
Iqiniso lokuthi akekho onesibopho sanoma yini futhi lonke ulwazi ku-blockchain aluguquki futhi lisho ukuthi noma yimaphi amaphutha ahlala ekhona unomphela. Ibhange lingakhansela ukudluliswa kwemali. Endabeni ye-Bitcoin namanye ama-cryptocurrencies, lokhu akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke noma yini eyebiwe iyohlala yebiwe. Inani elikhulu labaduni lihlala lihlasela ukuhwebelana kwe-cryptocurrency kanye nabasebenzisi, futhi abakhwabanisi bethula “amathuluzi okutshala imali”, okuvele ukuthi . Ngokwezilinganiso ezithile, cishe i-15% yawo wonke ama-bitcoins ayekhona . Kodwa akakakabi neminyaka eyi-10 ubudala!
I-Bitcoin ne-Ethereum zisebenzisa inani lamandla elifanayo nelase-Austria yonke
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunendaba ye-ecology. “Indaba yemvelo? Asikhulumi ngezinhlamvu zemali zedijithali?" - uzomangala. Imayelana nabo okwenza isimo singajwayelekile. Ukuxazulula zonke lezi zinkinga zezibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi kudinga inani elikhulu likagesi. Kukhulu kangangokuthi ama-blockchain amabili amakhulu emhlabeni, i-Bitcoin ne-Ethereum, ayadla okwamanje . Ukukhokha ngohlelo lwe-Visa kudinga cishe u-0,002 kWh; inkokhelo efanayo bitcoin idla kuze kufike ku-906 kWh kagesi - izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi ngaphezulu. Lesi samba sikagesi sisetshenziswa umndeni wabantu ababili cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu.
Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkinga yezemvelo izoba nzima kakhulu. Abavukuzi bazosebenzisa amandla amaningi nangaphezulu (okungukuthi, bazokwakha amapulazi ezimayini engeziwe endaweni ethile e-Alaska), ubunzima buzokhula ngokuzenzakalelayo, budinga amandla amaningi wekhompyutha. Lo mjaho wezikhali ongapheli, ongenanjongo uphumela enanini elifanayo lemisebenzi edinga ugesi owengeziwe.
Futhi ngani? Lona umbuzo obalulekile: iyiphi inkinga exazululwa yi-blockchain? Kulungile, ngenxa ye-Bitcoin, amabhange awakwazi ukuvele akhiphe imali ku-akhawunti yakho ngokuthanda kwakho. Kodwa kwenzeka kangaki lokhu? Angikaze ngizwe kuthiwa ibhange livele lithathe imali ku-akhawunti yomuntu. Ukube ibhange lenze into efana naleyo, belizomangalelwa ngokushesha bese lilahlekelwa yilayisensi. Ngobuchwepheshe lokhu kungenzeka; ngokomthetho yisigwebo sentambo.
Yebo, abakhohlisi abalali. Abantu baqamba amanga futhi bayakhohlisa. Kodwa inkinga enkulu ilele (“umuntu ubhalisa ngasese ucezu lwenyama yehhashi njengenyama yenkomo”), hhayi abaphathi (“ibhange lenza imali inyamalale”).
Othile uphakamise ukuthi kudluliselwe ukubhaliswa komhlaba ku-blockchain. Ngokombono wabo, lokhu kungaxazulula zonke izinkinga emazweni anohulumeni abakhohlakele. Thatha iGrisi, isibonelo, lapho zonke izindlu zesihlanu zingabhalisiwe. Kungani lezi zindlu zingabhalisiwe? Ngoba amaGreki avele akhe ngaphandle kokucela noma ubani imvume, futhi umphumela uba yindlu engabhalisiwe.
Kodwa i-blockchain ayikwazi ukwenza lutho ngakho. I-Blockchain iyisizinda sedatha nje, hhayi uhlelo oluzilawulayo oluhlola yonke idatha ngokunemba (ingasaphathwa eyokumisa konke ukwakhiwa okungekho emthethweni). Imithetho efanayo iyasebenza ku-blockchain njenganoma iyiphi enye i-database: udoti ku = udoti uphumile.
Noma, njengoba u-Matt Levine, umbhali wengosi ye-Bloomberg, ekubeka: “Irekhodi lami elingaguquki, elivikeleke ngokufihlekile ku-blockchain lokuthi ngino-10 wamaphawundi e-aluminium endaweni yokugcina ngeke lilisize kakhulu ibhange uma ngabe sengishushumbisa yonke leyo aluminium umnyango ongemuva." .
Idatha kufanele ibonise okungokoqobo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izinguquko zangempela futhi idatha ihlala ifana. Kungakho sinababhali, abaphathi, abameli - empeleni, bonke labo bantu abanesicefe okuthiwa i-blockchain ingakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo.
I-Blockchain ilandelela "ngaphansi kwe-hood"
Manje-ke kuthiwani ngalelo dolobha laseZuidhorn? Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-blockchain akuzange kuphele ngempumelelo lapho?
Hhayi-ke. Ngifundile ukusiza izingane ezintulayo ku-GitHub, futhi kwakungekho okuningi okwakubukeka njenge-blockchain noma into enjalo. Kunoma yikuphi, isebenzise umvukuzi oyedwa ocwaningweni lwangaphakathi, esebenza kuseva engaxhumekile ku-inthanethi. Isicelo sokugcina bekuwuhlelo olulula kakhulu, olunekhodi elula esebenza kusizindalwazi esivamile.
Ngibize uMaarten Velthuijs:
- Sawubona, ngiqaphele ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza aludingi i-blockchain nhlobo.
- Yebo kunjalo.
"Kodwa akumangalisi yini ukuthi uthole yonke le miklomelo nakuba isicelo sakho singasebenzisi i-blockchain?"
- Yebo, kuyamangaza.
- Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?
- Angazi. Sesizame kaningi ukuchaza lokhu kubantu, kodwa abalaleli. Ngakho ungishayela ucingo ngento efanayo...
Pho iphi i-blockchain?
I-Zuidhorn nayo ayihlukile. Uma ubhekisisa, ungathola inqwaba yazo zonke izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi we-blockchain wokuhlola lapho i-blockchain isesephepheni kuphela.
Thatha Ilogi Yami Yokunakekela (“Ilogi ye-Mijn Zorg” ekuqaleni), enye iphrojekthi yokuhlola ezuze umklomelo (kodwa kulokhu emkhakheni wokuba ngumama). Bonke abantu base-Dutch abanezingane ezisanda kuzalwa banelungelo lokuthola inani elithile lokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha. Njengezinzuzo zezingane e-Zuidhorn, uhlelo lwaluyiphupho elibi lokuphatha. Manje usungakwazi ukufaka uhlelo ku-smartphone yakho oluzoqoqa izibalo mayelana nokuthi zingakanani izinsiza ozitholile nokuthi zingaki ezisele.
Umbiko wokugcina ubonisa ukuthi i-My Care Log ayisebenzisi noma yiziphi izici ezenza i-blockchain ihluke. Iqembu elithile labantu lakhethwa kusengaphambili ngabavukuzi. Kanjalo, bangavimba noma iyiphi idatha yesevisi ebhalisiwe*. Umbiko uphawula ukuthi lokhu kungcono endaweni ezungezile kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yokuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu ku-inthanethi. Kepha akulona yini iphuzu lonke le-blockchain ukugwema abantu besithathu abathembekile? Pho kwenzakalani ngempela?
*Lokhu kuyiqiniso futhi kubo bonke abahlinzeki besevisi ye-blockchain yesizukulwane esilandelayo njenge-IBM. Baphinde banikeze amalungelo okuhlela nokufunda kubantu abathile noma izinkampani.
Uma ufuna ukuzwa umbono wami, bakha isizindalwazi esivamile, ngisho esimaphakathi, kodwa bakwenza ngendlela engafanele kakhulu. Uma uhlunga yonke i-jargon, umbiko uphenduka incazelo eyisicefe yesakhiwo sesizindalwazi. Babhala mayelana neleja esabalalisiwe (okuyisizindalwazi somphakathi), izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile (okungama-algorithms), kanye nobufakazi begunya (okuyilungelo lokuhlunga ulwazi olungena kusizindalwazi).
Izihlahla ze-Merkle (indlela "yokuhlukanisa" idatha kusuka ekuhloleni kwayo) yiyona nto kuphela ye-blockchain eyenze yaba umkhiqizo wokugcina. Yebo, ubuchwepheshe obupholile, akukho lutho olungalungile ngakho. Inkinga nje ukuthi izihlahla ze-Merkle bezikhona kusukela okungenani ngo-1979 futhi sezisetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi (isibonelo, ohlelweni lokulawula inguqulo ye-Git, esetshenziswa cishe yibo bonke abathuthukisi besofthiwe emhlabeni). Okusho ukuthi, azifani ne-blockchain.
Kunesidingo somlingo, futhi leso sidingo sikhulu
Njengoba ngishilo, yonke le ndaba imayelana nohambo olungajwayelekile oluya ndawo.
Enqubeni yokuyibhala, nginqume ukuxoxa nomunye wonjiniyela bethu (yebo, bakhona ngempela onjiniyela bangempela, ababukhoma abahambahamba bezungeza ihhovisi lethu labahleli). Futhi omunye wabo, uTim Strijdhorst, wayazi okuncane nge-blockchain. Kodwa wangitshela okuthile okuthakazelisayo.
"Ngisebenza ngekhodi, futhi abantu abaseduze kwami bangibona njengomthakathi," esho ngokuziqhenya. Lokhu kwammangaza njalo. Umthakathi? Ingxenye yesikhathi ememeza esikrinini sakhe ngokukhungatheka, ezama ukuqhamuka "nokulungiswa" kweskripthi se-PHP esiphelelwe yisikhathi.
Okushiwo u-Tim ukuthi i-ICT, njengawo wonke umhlaba, iwukuxokozela okukhulu.
Futhi lokhu kuyinto thina - abantu bangaphandle, abantu abavamile, izigebengu ezingezona ezobuchwepheshe - esivele senqabe ukuyamukela. Abeluleki nabeluleki bakholelwa ukuthi izinkinga (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisemhlabeni wonke futhi zibaluleke kangakanani) zizohwamuka ngokunyakaziswa komunwe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe abafunde ngabo esethulweni esihle se-PowerPoint. Izosebenza kanjani? Ubani onendaba! Ungazami ukukuqonda, vele uthole izinzuzo!*
* Ngokuvumelana ne Ocwaningweni olwenziwa yi-Consultancy Deloitte, i-70% yama-CEO athi "banolwazi olunzulu" ku-blockchain. Ngokusho kwabo, ijubane liyinzuzo enkulu ye-blockchain. Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana namandla abo engqondo, njengoba ngisho nabashisekeli be-blockchain bebheka ijubane layo njengento eyinkinga.
Lena imakethe yomlingo. Futhi le makethe inkulu. Kungaba i-blockchain, idatha enkulu, i-cloud computing, intelligence yokwenziwa noma amanye ama-buzzwords.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi ukucabanga okunjalo “komlingo” kungase kudingeke. Thatha, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha. Yebo, yaphela ngaphandle komphumela. Kodwa u-Hugo de Kaat ovela kumshwalense we-VGZ, owabamba iqhaza ocwaningweni, uthi "sibonga ukuhlolwa kwethu, i-Facet, umhlinzeki wesofthiwe omkhulu kunawo wonke emkhakheni wokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha, ihlanganise imizamo yayo." Bazokwenza uhlelo olufanayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinsimbi namakhwela - nje ubuchwepheshe bendabuko.
Kuthiwani ngoMaarten Velthuijs? Angayenza yini uhlelo lwakhe oluhle lokusebenza ukusiza izingane ngaphandle kwe-blockchain? Cha, uyavuma. Kodwa akaqiniseki nakancane ngobuchwepheshe. “Nathi asizange siphumelele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenkathi isintu sifunda ukundiza,” kusho uVelthuijs. - Bheka ku-YouTube - kunevidiyo lapho owesilisa egxuma esuka e-Eiffel Tower ngeparashute eyenziwe ekhaya! Yebo, impela waphahlazeka. Kodwa nathi siyabadinga abantu abanjalo.”
Ngakho-ke: uma uMaarten edinga i-blockchain ukwenza uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenze, kuhle! Ukube umqondo nge-blockchain ubungashiswanga, lokho bekungaba kuhle. Okungenani, wayezofunda okuthile okusha mayelana nokuthi yini esebenzayo nengasebenzi. Futhi, idolobha manje selinohlelo lokusebenza oluhle ongaziqhenya ngalo.
Mhlawumbe lokhu kuwukufaneleka okuyinhloko kwe-blockchain: umkhankaso wolwazi, nakuba ubiza kakhulu. "Ukuphathwa kwehhovisi elingemuva" akuvamile ukuba ku-ajenda emihlanganweni yebhodi, kodwa "i-blockchain" kanye "nokusungula" izivakashi ezivamile lapho.
Ngenxa ye-blockchain hype, uMaarten wakwazi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza ukusiza izingane, abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha baqala ukusebenzisana, futhi izinkampani eziningi neziphathimandla zendawo zaqala ukubona ukuthi inhlangano yabo yedatha yayinephutha kangakanani (ukuyibeka kancane).
Yebo, kuthathe izithembiso ezingalindelekile, ezingafezekanga, kodwa umphumela waba ngokushesha: Abaphathi abakhulu manje banesithakazelo ezintweni eziyisicefe ezisiza ukwenza umhlaba usebenze kancane: akukho lutho olukhethekile, olungcono kancane.
Njengoba uMat Levine ebhala, inzuzo enkulu ye-blockchain ukuthi yenze umhlaba "qaphela ukuvuselela ubuchwepheshe basehhovisi futhi ukholelwa ukuthi lezi zinguquko zingashintsha".
Mayelana nezithombe. esitudiyo sakhe uthanda ukuhlola izinto ezinhlobonhlobo ezindizayo. Uthathe zonke izithombe ezikulesi sihloko (kuchungechunge Lwezifundo Zamanje) esebenzisa abalandeli, izifutha kanye nezihlanzi. Umphumela uba izithombe ezenza kubonakale okungabonakali: umoya. "Imidwebo" yakhe engaqondakali isemngceleni wezinto zangempela nezingezona zangempela, ukuguqula isikhwama sepulasitiki esivamile noma indiza enomusi ibe yinto emlingo.
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Source: www.habr.com