Sekuyisikhathi sokuveza imininingwane mayelana namarutha ekilasi le-Huawei NetEngine 8000 amasha - mayelana nesisekelo sehadiwe nezixazululo zesoftware ezikuvumela ukuthi wakhe phezu kwesisekelo sakho ukuxhumana kokuphela-to-ekupheleni nge-throughput engu-400 Gbps nokuqapha. izinga lezinsizakalo zenethiwekhi ezingeni lesibili.
Yini enquma ukuthi ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo kuzixazululo zenethiwekhi
Izidingo zemishini yakamuva yenethiwekhi manje zinqunywa amathrendi amane abalulekile:
- ukusabalala kwe-broadband yeselula ye-5G;
- ukukhula kwemithwalo yamafu kuzo zombili izikhungo zedatha eziyimfihlo nesesidlangalaleni;
- ukunwetshwa kwezwe le-IoT;
- ukwanda kwesidingo sobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Phakathi nalolu bhubhane, kuye kwavela omunye umkhuba ojwayelekile: izimo lapho ubukhona bomzimba buncishiswa khona ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze buvune obubonakalayo buthandeka kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, amasevisi e-virtual kanye ne-augmented reality, kanye nezixazululo ezisekelwe kumanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi 6. Zonke lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga ikhwalithi ephezulu yesiteshi. I-NetEngine 8000 yakhelwe ukuyihlinzeka.
Umndeni wakwaNetEngine 8000
Amadivayisi afakwe emndenini we-NetEngine 8000 ahlukaniswe ngochungechunge oluthathu oluyinhloko. Imakwe ngohlamvu X, lawa amamodeli efulegi asebenza kahle kakhulu kubaqhubi bezingcingo noma izikhungo zedatha ezinomthwalo omkhulu. Uchungechunge lwe-M luklanyelwe ukwamukela izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-metro. Futhi amadivayisi anenkomba F ahloselwe ngokuyinhloko ukusebenzisa izimo ezivamile ze-DCI (Data Center Interconnect). Iningi "lezinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili" lingaba yingxenye yamathaneli asuka ekupheleni anomphumela ongu-400 Gbit/s futhi asekele izinga lesevisi eliqinisekisiwe (Isivumelwano Sezinga Lesevisi - SLA).
Iqiniso: namuhla yiHuawei kuphela ekhiqiza uhla oluphelele lwemishini yokuhlela amanethiwekhi ekilasi le-400GE. Umfanekiso ongenhla ubonisa isimo sokwakha inethiwekhi yekhasimende lebhizinisi elikhulu noma u-opharetha omkhulu. Lesi sakamuva sisebenzisa amarutha ayinhloko e-NetEngine 9000 asebenza kahle kakhulu, kanye namarutha amasha e-NetEngine 8000 F2A, akwazi ukuhlanganisa inombolo enkulu yoxhumo lwe-100, 200 noma 400 Gbps.
Amafekthri we-Metro asetshenziswa ngesisekelo samadivayisi ochungechunge lwe-M. Izixazululo ezinjalo zenza kube nokwenzeka ukuzivumelanisa nokwanda okuphindwe kashumi komthamo wethrafikhi okulindeleke eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo ngaphandle kokushintsha inkundla.
IHuawei ikhiqiza ngokuzimela amamojula optical ane-throughput engu-400 Gbps. Izixazululo ezakhelwe kuzo zishibhe ngo-10-15% kunezixazululo ezifanayo ngomthamo, kodwa zisebenzisa iziteshi eziyi-100-gigabit. Ukuhlolwa kwamamojula kwaqala emuva ngo-2017, futhi kakade ngo-2019 ukuqaliswa kokuqala kwemishini esekelwe kubo kwenzeka; I-African telecom operator iSafaricom okwamanje isebenza ngokuthengisa uhlelo olunjalo.
Umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu we-NetEngine 8000, ongabonakala udlulele ngo-2020, uzodingeka nakanjani esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu. Ukwengeza, i-router ifanele ukusetshenziswa njengendawo enkulu yokushintshanisa, okuzoba usizo ngokuqinisekile kokubili opharetha besigaba sesibili kanye nezakhiwo zamabhizinisi amakhulu esigabeni sokukhula okusheshayo nabadali bezixazululo ze-e-government.
UHuawei uphinde akhuthaze ukusatshalaliswa kwenani lobuchwepheshe obusha, okuhlanganisa nephrothokholi yomzila ye-SRv6, eyenza kube lula ukulethwa kwethrafikhi ye-VPN yomsebenzisi. Ubuchwepheshe be-FlexE (Flexible Ethernet) buhlinzeka ngokusebenza okuqinisekisiwe kusendlalelo sesibili semodeli ye-OSI, futhi i-iFIT (In-situ Flow Information Telemetry) ikuvumela ukuthi uqaphe ngokunembile amapharamitha wokusebenza kwe-SLA.
Ngokombono womhlinzeki, i-SRv6 ingasetshenziswa kusukela ezingeni lesiqukathi esikhungweni sedatha esakhelwe ku-NFV (I-Network Functions Virtualization) ukuya, isibonelo, endaweni ye-broadband engenantambo. Amakhasimende ezinkampani azodinga ukusetshenziswa ekugcineni kuze kube sekupheleni kwephrothokholi entsha lapho akha amanethiwekhi omgogodla (umgogodla). Ubuchwepheshe, sigcizelela, abukhoneni futhi busetshenziswa abathengisi abahlukene, okususa ingozi yokungahambisani.
Lona umugqa wesikhathi wokudayiswa kobuchwepheshe be-SRv6 ukuze kusekelwe izixazululo ze-5G. Icala elingokoqobo: Inkampani yama-Arab i-Zain Group, ohlelweni lokushintshela ku-5G, yenza inethiwekhi yayo ibe yesimanje, yandisa umthamo weziteshi zomgogodla, futhi yathuthukisa nokuphathwa kwengqalasizinda ngokwethula i-SRv6.
Indlela yokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe
Imikhiqizo emithathu engafani ike yasetshenziswa ngaphambilini “njengesambulela sobuchwepheshe” esihlanganisa izixazululo ezingenhla. I-U2000 isetshenziswe njenge-NMS yesizinda sokudlulisa kanye nesizinda se-IP. Ukwengeza, izinhlelo ze-uTraffic kanye ne-Agile Controller eyaziwa kakhulu zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ze-SDN. Kodwa-ke, le nhlanganisela ibonakale ingasebenzi kahle uma isetshenziswa kumarutha esigaba senethiwekhi, ngakho manje le mikhiqizo isihlanganiswa ibe yithuluzi. CloudSoP.
Okokuqala, ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ngokugcwele umjikelezo wokuphila wengqalasizinda, ngokuqala ngokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi - optical noma i-IP. Futhi inesibopho sokuphatha izinsiza, zombili ezijwayelekile (MPLS) nezintsha (SRv6). Okokugcina, i-CloudSoP yenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhonza zonke izinkonzo ngokugcwele ngezinga eliphezulu lembudumbudu.
Ake sibhekisise indlela yakudala yokuphatha. Kulokhu, kungenziwa kusetshenziswa i-L3VPN noma i-SR-TE, enikeza amathuba engeziwe okudala imigudu. Ukuze kusatshalaliswe izinsiza zemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yesevisi, kusetshenziswe amapharamitha angaphezu kwekhulu kanye nomzila wengxenye.
Kubukeka kanjani ukuthunyelwa kwesevisi enjalo? Okokuqala udinga ukusetha inqubomgomo eyinhloko yezinga elithile (indiza). Kumdwebo ongenhla, ubuchwepheshe be-SRv6 bukhethiwe, ngosizo lapho ukulethwa kwethrafikhi kusuka endaweni A kuya ku-E. Uhlelo luzobala izindlela ezingenzeka ngokucabangela ukuphuma nokubambezeleka, futhi lidale nemingcele yokulawula okulandelayo.
Uma sesiqedile ukusetha, sesilungele ukudala nokuqalisa amasevisi e-VPN engeziwe. Inzuzo enkulu yesixazululo sikaHuawei ukuthi, ngokungafani ne-MPLS Traffic Engineering ejwayelekile, ikuvumela ukuthi uvumelanise izindlela zomhubhe ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izengezo ezengeziwe.
Umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa inqubo evamile yokuthola ulwazi. I-SNMP ivame ukusetshenziselwa lokhu, okuthatha isikhathi esiningi futhi inikeza umphumela omaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, i-telemetry, ebesiyisebenzisa ngaphambilini ezikhungweni zedatha nezixazululo zekhampasi, isifikile emhlabeni wamanethiwekhi omgogodla wenkampani yenethiwekhi. Yengeza umthwalo, kodwa ikuvumela ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani kunethiwekhi hhayi ngomzuzu, kodwa ezingeni lesibili.
Yiqiniso, umthamo owumphumela wethrafikhi kufanele "ugaywe" ngandlela thile. Kulokhu, ubuchwepheshe bokufunda komshini obengeziwe busetshenziswa. Ngokusekelwe kumaphethini alayishwe ngaphambili amaphutha enethiwekhi avame kakhulu, isistimu yokuqapha iyakwazi ukwenza izibikezelo mayelana nokungenzeka kokweqisa okwenzekayo. Isibonelo, ukuhlukaniswa kwemojuli ye-SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) noma ukwanda okungazelelwe kwethrafikhi yenethiwekhi.
Futhi yilokhu okubukeka sengathi uhlelo lokulawula olunwebekayo (scale-out) olususelwe kumaseva e-TaiShan ARM kanye nesizindalwazi se-GaussDB. Ama-node angawodwana wesistimu yokuhlaziya anomqondo "wendima", okuvumela ukwanda kwe-granular kwezinsizakalo zokuxilonga njengoba ithrafikhi ikhula noma inani lamanodi enethiwekhi likhuphuka.
Ngamanye amazwi, konke okwakukuhle emhlabeni wezinhlelo zokugcina kancane kancane kuza emkhakheni wokuphatha inethiwekhi.
Isibonelo esimangalisayo sokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bethu obusha yi-Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC). Isebenzisa inethiwekhi ewumgogodla yamarutha asebenza kahle kakhulu anikezwe izindima ezithile. Ngokusho kwe-NDA, sinelungelo lokunikeza umbono ojwayelekile kuphela wesakhiwo senethiwekhi kumdwebo. Ihlanganisa izikhungo ezintathu ezinkulu zedatha ezixhunywe amahubhu asuka ekupheleni, kanye namasayithi engeziwe angu-35 (izikhungo zedatha zezinga lesibili). Kokubili ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kanye ne-SR-TE kuyasetshenziswa.
Izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ze-IP WAN ezinezendlalelo ezintathu
Izixazululo zeHuawei zisekelwe ekwakhiweni kwezendlalelo ezintathu, ezingeni eliphansi lapho kukhona imishini yokusebenza okuhlukahlukene. Ezingeni lesibili kukhona imvelo yokuphatha imishini kanye nezinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezandisa ukusebenza kokuhlaziywa nokulawulwa kwenethiwekhi. Ungqimba olungaphezulu, uma kuqhathaniswa, lusetshenziswa. Izimo zezicelo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ukuhlela amanethiwekhi opharetha bezingcingo, izikhungo zezezimali, izinkampani zamandla kanye nezinhlaka zikahulumeni.
Nansi ividiyo emfushane echaza amandla e-NetEngine 8000 kanye nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswa kuyo:
Yebo, okokusebenza kufanele kwakhelwe ukukhula kwethrafikhi kanye nokwandiswa kwengqalasizinda, kucatshangelwa amandla afanele kanye nokupholisa okufanele. Uma imodeli yerutha ehamba phambili ifakwe amandla angu-20 angu-3 kW ngayinye, ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbon nanotubes ohlelweni lokukhipha ukushisa akusabonakali kungenasidingo.
Kwenzelweni konke lokhu? Kuzwakala njengenganekwane yesayensi, kodwa kithi manje i-14,4 Tbit/s slot ngayinye ingafezeka. Futhi lo mkhawulokudonsa oshukumisa ingqondo uyadingeka. Ikakhulukazi, izinkampani ezifanayo zezezimali namandla, eziningi zazo namuhla ezinamanethiwekhi ayisisekelo adalwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing). Phela, inani lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini esiphezulu njalo liyakhula.
Esinye sezimo zethu zokwakha amanethiwekhi okufunda omshini phakathi kwamaqoqo amabili e-Atlas 900 sidinga nokuphuma kwesigaba se-terabit. Futhi miningi imisebenzi efanayo. Lokhu kubandakanya, ikakhulukazi, ikhompyutha yenuzi, izibalo zesimo sezulu, njll.
Isisekelo se-Hardware kanye nezidingo zayo
Imidwebo ibonisa amamojula we-LPUI router atholakalayo njengamanje anamakhadi ahlanganisiwe nezici zawo.
Futhi yilokhu imephu yomgwaqo ebukeka ngayo ngezinketho zamamojula amasha azotholakala eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Lapho uthuthukisa izixazululo ezisekelwe kuzo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Kulezi zinsuku, izikhungo zedatha ezijwayelekile zakhiwe ngenani lika-7-10 kW irack ngayinye, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamarutha ekilasi le-terabit kusho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphindwe izikhathi eziningana (kufika ku-30-40 uW phezulu). Lokhu kuhlanganisa isidingo sokuklama isayithi elikhethekile noma udale indawo ehlukile enomthwalo ophezulu esikhungweni sedatha esikhona.
Ukubuka okuvamile ku-chassis kuveza ukuthi izimboni zifihlwe ngemuva kwebhulokhi yabalandeli emaphakathi. Kukhona ithuba lokushintshwa kwabo “okushisayo”, okuqaliswe ngenxa yokuphindaphindeka ngokohlelo lwe-2N noma lwe-N+1. Empeleni, sikhuluma ngesakhiwo esijwayelekile se-orthogonal sokuthembeka okuphezulu.
Hhayi nje ama-flagship
Akunandaba ukuthi amamodeli we-flagship ahlaba umxhwele kangakanani, ukufakwa okuningi kubalwa yizixazululo zamabhokisi ochungechunge lwe-M no-F.
Amarutha esevisi aziwa kakhulu manje amamodeli we-M8 ne-M14. Zikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngakho kokubili isivinini esiphansi, esifana ne-E1, nezixhumi ezibonakalayo ezinesivinini esikhulu (100 Gbit/s manje kanye no-400 Gbit/s esikhathini esizayo esiseduze) ngaphakathi kwenkundla efanayo.
Ukusebenza kwe-M14 kwanele ukwanelisa zonke izidingo zamakhasimende ajwayelekile ebhizinisi. Ngokuyisebenzisa, ungakha izixazululo ezijwayelekile ze-L3VPN zokuxhuma nabahlinzeki; kuhle futhi njengethuluzi elengeziwe, isibonelo, lokuqoqa i-telemetry noma ukusebenzisa i-SRv6.
Inombolo enkulu yamakhadi iyatholakala kumodeli. Awekho amafekthri ahlukene, futhi abaphathi basetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana. Ngale ndlela, ukusatshalaliswa kokusebenza kuwo wonke amachweba aboniswe kumdwebo kuyafinyelelwa.
Esikhathini esizayo, umphathi angashintshwa ngomunye omusha, ozonikeza ukusebenza okusha kumachweba afanayo.
Imodeli ye-M8 incane kancane kune-M14 futhi ingaphansi ekusebenzeni kwemodeli endala, kodwa izimo zabo zokusebenzisa zifana kakhulu.
Isethi yamakhadi aphathekayo ahambisana ne-M8 ivumela, isibonelo, ukusetha uxhumano kumadivayisi e-P ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esingu-100 Gbps, sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-FlexE futhi ubethele konke.
Ngokuvamile, kungokwasedivayisini ye-M6 ungaqala ukusebenza ngendawo yokusebenza. Incane futhi ayibafanele abahlinzeki, kodwa isetshenziswa kalula njengendawo yokuhlanganiswa kwethrafikhi yokuxhuma izikhungo zedatha yesifunda, isibonelo ebhange. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isoftware esethwe lapha iyafana neyakumamodeli amadala.
Kunamakhadi ambalwa atholakalayo e-M6, futhi ukusebenza okuphezulu kungu-50 Gbps, okuthi, nokho, kuphakeme kakhulu kunezixazululo ezijwayelekile ze-40 Gbps embonini.
Imodeli encane kunazo zonke, i-M1A, nayo ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile. Lesi yisixazululo esincane esingase sibe usizo lapho izinga lokushisa elinwetshiwe lokusebenza lilindelwe (-40... +65 °C).
Amagama ambalwa ngomugqa we-F. Imodeli ye-NetEngine 8000 F1A ibe ngomunye wemikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu ye-Huawei ngo-2019, hhayi okungenani ngenxa yokuthi ifakwe amachweba ane- throughput ye-1 kuya ku-100 Gbit/s (kufika ku-1,2) Tbit/s isiyonke).
Okuningi mayelana ne-SRv6
Kungani ngempela manje bekudingekile ukufaka ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe be-SRv6 emikhiqizweni yethu?
Njengamanje, inani lezivumelwano ezidingekayo ukuze kusungulwe imigudu ye-VPN ingaba ngu-10+, okubangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphatha futhi kuphakamise isidingo sokwenza inqubo ibe lula kakhulu.
Impendulo yemboni kule nselelo kwaba ukwakhiwa kobuchwepheshe be-SRv6, kuze kube yilapho uHuawei noCisco baba nesandla.
Omunye wemikhawulo eyayidinga ukususwa kwakuyisidingo sokusebenzisa isimiso se-per-hop behaviour (PHB) sokuhambisa amaphakethe ajwayelekile. Kunzima kakhulu ukusungula ukusebenzisana "kwe-inter-opharetha" nge-Inter-AS MP-BGP ngezinkonzo ezengeziwe (VPNv4), ngakho-ke zimbalwa kakhulu izixazululo ezinjalo. I-SRv6 ikuvumela ukuthi uqale ukuphendla indlela yephakethe kuyo yonke ingxenye ngaphandle kokubhalisa imigudu ekhethekile. Futhi ukuhlelwa kwezinqubo ngokwazo kwenziwa lula, okusiza kakhulu ukuthunyelwa okukhulu.
Umdwebo ubonisa icala lokuqalisa i-SRv6. Amanethiwekhi omhlaba amabili axhunywe ngamaphrothokholi amaningana ahlukene. Ukuze uthole isevisi kunoma iyiphi iseva ebonakalayo noma yehadiwe, inani elikhulu lokushintsha (ukunikezela) phakathi kwe-VXLAN, i-VLAN, i-L3VPN, njll.
Ngemva kokuqaliswa kwe-SRv6, u-opharetha wayenomhubhe osuka-kuya-ekupheleni ngisho nakuseva yezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha, kodwa kusitsha se-Docker.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-FlexE
Isendlalelo sesibili semodeli ye-OSI sibi ngoba asihlinzeki ngezinsizakalo ezidingekayo kanye nezinga le-SLA elidingwa abahlinzeki. Nabo, bangathanda ukuthola uhlobo oluthile lwe-analogue ye-TDM (i-Time-division multiplexing), kodwa ku-Ethernet. Kuthathwe izindlela eziningi zokuxazulula le nkinga, kube nemiphumela elinganiselwe kakhulu.
I-Flex Ethernet isebenza ngokunembile ukuze iqinisekise ikhwalithi ye-SDH (i-Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) namazinga e-TDM kumanethiwekhi e-IP. Lokhu kwaba ngenxa yokusebenza ngendiza edlulisela phambili, lapho sishintsha indawo ye-L2 ngale ndlela ukuze ikhiqize ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lisebenza kanjani noma iyiphi imbobo evamile? Kunenombolo ethile yolayini kanye neringi ye-tx. Iphakethe elingena ku-buffer lilinda ukucutshungulwa, okungelula ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona imifudlana yendlovu namagundane.
Ukufakwa okwengeziwe kanye nolunye ungqimba lokukhipha lusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphumela okuqinisekisiwe ezingeni lendawo ebonakalayo.
Isendlalelo esengeziwe se-MAC sabelwe isendlalelo sokudlulisa ulwazi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala imigqa eqinile ngokomzimba okungabelwa kuyo ama-SLA athile.
Lokhu kubukeka kanjani ezingeni lokuqalisa. Isendlalelo esengeziwe empeleni sisebenzisa uhlaka lwe-TDM. Ngenxa yalokhu kufakwa kwe-meta, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa ngokuzumayo imigqa futhi udale amasevisi e-TDM nge-Ethernet.
Esinye sezimo zokusebenzisa i-FlexE sihilela ukunamathela ngokuqinile kuma-SLA ngokudala izikhala zesikhathi ukuze kulinganiswe umphumela noma ukunikeza izinsiza zezinsizakalo ezibalulekile.
Esinye isimo sikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngokukhubazeka. Esikhundleni sokumane sisheshise ukudluliswa kolwazi, sakha iziteshi ezihlukene cishe ezingeni elibonakalayo, ngokungafani nalezo ezidalwe yi-QoS (Ikhwalithi Yesevisi).
Okuningi nge-iFIT
Njenge-FlexE, i-iFIT ubuchwepheshe obunelayisensi evela kwaHuawei. Ivumela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-SLA ezingeni eliyimbudumbudu kakhulu. Ngokungafani nezindlela ezijwayelekile ze-IP SLA kanye ne-NQA, i-iFIT ayisebenzi ngokwenziwa, kodwa ngethrafikhi “bukhoma”.
I-iFIT iyatholakala kuwo wonke amadivayisi asekela i-telemetry. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa inkambu eyengeziwe engahlalwanga Idatha Yenketho evamile. Ulwazi luqoshwa lapho olukuvumela ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani esiteshini.
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Sifingqa osekushiwo, sigcizelela ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-NetEngine 8000 kanye nobuchwepheshe obushumekwe kubuchwepheshe “bezinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili” kwenza lawa madivayisi abe yisinqumo esiphusile nesifaneleka lapho kwakhiwa futhi kuthuthukiswa amanethiwekhi ekilasi lenkampani yenethiwekhi, amanethiwekhi abalulekile wamandla nezinkampani zezezimali, kanye nezinhlelo “zohulumeni kagesi”.
Source: www.habr.com