I-23 APR Ukukhishwa kwenguqulo ye-Ubuntu engu-20.04, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Focal Fossa, ukukhululwa okulandelayo kokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside (LTS) kwe-Ubuntu futhi kuwukuqhutshekwa kwe-Ubuntu 18.04 LTS ekhishwe ngo-2018.
Okuncane mayelana negama lekhodi. Igama elithi “Focal” lisho “indawo emaphakathi” noma “ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu”, okungukuthi, lihlotshaniswa nomqondo wokugxila, isikhungo sanoma yiziphi izakhiwo, izenzakalo, izehlakalo, futhi elithi “Fossa” linempande ethi “FOSS” (Isoftware yamahhala nevulekile - isoftware yomthombo ovulekile futhi yamahhala) kanye nesiko lokuqamba izinguqulo zobuntu ngamagama ezilwane. - isilwane esincelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke esivela emndenini we-civet ovela esiqhingini saseMadagascar.
Abathuthukisi babeka Ubuntu 20.04 njengesibuyekezo esikhulu nesiyimpumelelo esisekelwa iminyaka emi-5 elandelayo yamadeskithophu namaseva.
Ubuntu 20.04 kwaba ukuqhubeka okunengqondo kwe-Ubuntu 19.04 “Disco Dingo” kanye no-Ubuntu 19.10 “Eoan Ermine”. Ezinguqulweni zedeskithophu, ngokulandela amathrendi akamuva, itimu emnyama ivele. Ngakho, ku-Ubuntu 20.04 kunezinketho ezintathu zetimu evamile ye-Yaru:
- Ukukhanya,
- Mnyama,
- Okujwayelekile.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Amazon nalo lisusiwe. Ubuntu 20.04 isebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva njengegobolondo lesithombe esizenzakalelayo .
Izinguquko ezibalulekile
Ubuntu 20.04 isuselwe ku-5.4 kernel, ekhishwe ngoNovemba 24, 2019. Le nguqulo yethula izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, esizoxoxa ngazo ngezansi.
lz4
Onjiniyela beCanonical bahlole ama-algorithms wokuminyanisa ahlukene we-kernel kanye nesithombe se-initramfs boot, bezama ukuthola ukuhwebelana phakathi kokuminyanisa okungcono kakhulu (usayizi wefayela omncane) nesikhathi sokuwohloka. I-algorithm yokucindezela engalahleki i-lz4 ibonise imiphumela ephawuleka kakhulu futhi yengezwe ku-Ubuntu 19.10, eyivumela ukuthi inciphise izikhathi zokuqalisa uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhishwa kwangaphambilini (Ubuntu 18.04 kanye ne-19.04). I-algorithm efanayo izohlala ku-Ubuntu 20.04.
I-Linux Lockdown Kernel
Isici se-Lockdown sithuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwe-Linux kernel ngokukhawulela ukufinyelela kwimisebenzi engavumela ukukhishwa kwekhodi ngokungafanele ngekhodi evezwe yizinqubo zomsebenzisi. Kalula nje, ngisho ne-akhawunti ye-root superuser ayikwazi ukushintsha ikhodi ye-kernel. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise umonakalo ovela ekuhlaselweni okungaba khona, noma ngabe i-akhawunti yempande isengozini. Ngakho, ukuvikeleka jikelele kohlelo lokusebenza kuyanda.
exFAT
Isistimu yefayela ye-Microsoft FAT ayikuvumeli ukudlulisa amafayela amakhulu kuno-4 GB. Ukuze inqobe lo mkhawulo, iMicrosoft idale uhlelo lwefayela le-exFAT (kusuka ku-English Extended FAT - “extended FAT”). Manje usungakwazi ukufometha, isibonelo, idrayivu ye-USB ku-exFAT usebenzisa Isistimu yefayela ye-exFAT.
I-WireGuard
Ngenkathi Ubuntu 20.04 ingeke isebenzise i-5.6 kernel, okungenani hhayi ngokushesha, isivele isebenzisa i-backport ye-WireGuard ku-5.4 kernel. I-WireGuard i , ngakho ukufakwa ku-kernel kakade kunikeza Ubuntu 20.04 inzuzo ekuqondeni kwefu.
Kulungisiwe futhi manje izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezintambo eziningi zingasebenza ngokushesha. Kwengezwe umshayeli okuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngezinzwa zokushisa ne-voltage zamaphrosesa e-Ryzen.
Lokhu akuzona zonke izinto ezintsha ezivele ku-kernel 5.4. Ukubuyekezwa okuningiliziwe kungatholakala esisetshenziswa (ngesiNgisi) nasenhlanganweni (ngesiRashiya).
Ukusebenzisa i-Kubernetes
ICanonical isebenzise ukwesekwa okugcwele ku-Ubuntu 20.04 ngokusekelwa , и .
Ukufaka i-Kubectl ku-Ubuntu 20.04:
# snap install kubectl --classic
kubectl 1.18.0 from Canonical ✓ installedUkusebenzisa i-SNAP
ICanonical iyaqhubeka nokuphromotha ifomethi yephakheji yendawo yonke - i-snap. Lokhu kubonakala nakakhulu ngokukhululwa kwe-Ubuntu 20.04. Uma uzama ukusebenzisa uhlelo olungafakiwe, okokuqala uzonikezwa ukulifaka usebenzisa:
# snap install <package>
Ukusekelwa kwe-ZFS okuthuthukisiwe
Noma kunjalo , kusewuhlelo lwefayela oludumile futhi ukwesekwa kokuhlola kungeziwe ngo-Ubuntu 19.10.
Kulula kakhulu futhi kuzinzile ekugcineni idatha, ingobo yomlando efanayo yasekhaya noma isitoreji seseva emsebenzini (“ngaphandle kwebhokisi” singenza okungaphezu kwe-LVM efanayo). I-ZFS isekela osayizi bokuhlukanisa abafika ku-256 quadrillion Zettabytes (yingakho ingu-"Z" egameni) futhi ingaphatha amafayela afika ku-16 Exabytes ngosayizi.
I-ZFS yenza ukuhlola kobuqotho bedatha ngokusekelwe ekutheni ibekwe kanjani kudiski. Isici sokukopisha-phezu kokubhala siqinisekisa ukuthi idatha esetshenziswayo ayibhalwa ngaphezulu. Kunalokho, ulwazi olusha lubhalelwa ibhulokhi entsha futhi imethadatha yesistimu yefayela ibuyekezwa ukuze ikhombe kuyo. I-ZFS ikuvumela ukuthi udale izifinyezo (izifinyezo zesistimu yefayela) ezilandelela izinguquko ezenziwe ohlelweni lwefayela bese ushintshanisa idatha nalo ukuze wonge isikhala sediski.
I-ZFS yabela isheke efayeleni ngalinye kudiski futhi ihlale ihlola isimo sayo ngokumelene nalo. Uma ithola ukuthi ifayela lonakele, izozama ukulilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isifaki se-Ubuntu manje sinenketho ehlukile ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-ZFS. Ungafunda kabanzi ngomlando we-ZFS nezici zayo kubhulogi .
Sala kahle iPython 2.X
Inguqulo yesithathu yePython yethulwa emuva ngo-2008, kodwa ngisho neminyaka eyi-12 yayinganele ukuthi amaphrojekthi wePython 2 azivumelanise nayo.
Emuva ku-Ubuntu 15.10, kuzanywe ukushiya iPython 2, kodwa ukusekelwa kwayo kwaqhubeka. Futhi manje u-April 20, 2020 waphuma , okuwukukhululwa kwakamuva kwegatsha le-Python 2. Ngeke kusaba khona izibuyekezo zalo.
Ubuntu 20.04 ayisasekeli iPython 2 futhi isebenzisa iPython 3.8 njengenguqulo ezenzakalelayo yePython. Ngeshwa, kunamaphrojekthi amaningi ePython 2 asele emhlabeni, futhi kubo ukuguqukela ku-Ubuntu 20.04 kungase kube buhlungu.
Ungafaka inguqulo yakamuva yePython 2 ngomyalo owodwa:
# apt install python2.7Ngokungeziwe ku-Python 3.8, abathuthukisi bangajabulela isethi ebuyekeziwe yamathuluzi ehlanganisa:
- I-MySQL 8
- i-glibc 2.31,
- I-OpenJDK 11
- I-PHP 7.4
- I-Perl 5.30
- IGolang 1.14.
Sala kahle 32 bits
Sekuyiminyaka eminingana manje, Ubuntu bunganikezi izithombe ze-ISO zamakhompyutha angama-32-bit. Njengamanje, abasebenzisi abakhona bezinguqulo ze-32-bit ze-Ubuntu bangathuthukela ku-Ubuntu 18.04, kodwa ngeke besakwazi ukuthuthukela ku-Ubuntu 20.04. Okusho ukuthi, uma njengamanje usebenzisa i-32-bit Ubuntu 18.04, ungahlala nayo kuze kube ngu-April 2023.
Ungabuyekeza kanjani
Ukuthuthukela ku-Ubuntu 20.04 kusuka ezinguqulweni ezedlule kulula njengamapheya okugoqa - mane usebenzise imiyalo elandelayo:
# sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
# sudo do-release-upgradeSiyajabula ukumemezela ukuthi Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) isivele itholakala njengesithombe semishini ebonakalayo . Dala ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT usebenzisa isofthiwe yakamuva!
I-UPS: Abasebenzisi be-Ubuntu 19.10 bazokwazi ukuthuthukela ku-20.04 manje, futhi abasebenzisi be-Ubuntu 18.04 bazokwazi ukuthuthuka ngemuva kokukhululwa kwe-20.04.1, okuhlelelwe ukukhululwa ngoJulayi 23, 2020.
Source: www.habr.com