Sawubona!
Igama lami ngingu-Mikhail, ngiyiPhini Lomqondisi we-IT enkampanini ye-Sportmaster. Ngifuna ukwabelana ngendaba yokuthi sibhekane kanjani nezinselelo eziqubuke ngesikhathi sobhubhane.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zezinto ezingokoqobo ezintsha, ifomethi evamile yokuhweba ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ye-Sportmaster yaqina, futhi umthwalo esiteshini sethu se-inthanethi, ngokuyinhloko mayelana nokulethwa ekhelini leklayenti, wanda izikhathi ezingu-10. Emasontweni ambalwa nje, siguqule ibhizinisi elikhulu elingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi laba eliku-inthanethi futhi sajwayela isevisi ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu.
Ngokuyisisekelo, okwakuwumsebenzi wethu oseceleni kwaba ibhizinisi lethu eliyinhloko. Ukubaluleka kwawo wonke ama-oda aku-inthanethi kukhule kakhulu. Kwakudingekile ukonga wonke ama-ruble alethwe iklayenti enkampanini.
Ukuze siphendule ngokushesha izicelo zamakhasimende, sivule isikhungo sokuxhumana esengeziwe ehhovisi elikhulu lenkampani, futhi manje singathola izingcingo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-285 ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sithuthele izitolo ezingu-270 kufomethi entsha yokusebenza ngaphandle kokuthintwa futhi ephephile, evumele amakhasimende ukuthi athole ama-oda kanye nezisebenzi ukuthi zinakekele imisebenzi yazo.
Phakathi nenqubo yoguquko, sihlangabezane nezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu. Okokuqala, umthwalo wezinsiza zethu ze-inthanethi ukhule kakhulu (uSergey uzokutshela ukuthi sibhekane kanjani nalokhu). Okwesibili, ukugeleza kwemisebenzi engavamile (yangaphambi kwe-COVID) kukhuphuke izikhathi eziningi, okuphinde kwadinga inani elikhulu lokuzenzakalela okusheshayo. Ukuze sixazulule le nkinga, kudingeke ukuthi sisheshe sidlulise izinsiza ezindaweni ebeziyizona ezisemqoka phambilini. U-Elena uzokutshela ukuthi sibhekane kanjani nalokhu.
Ukusebenza kwezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi
U-Kolesnikov Sergey, obhekele ukusebenza kwesitolo se-inthanethi kanye nama-microservices
Kusukela ngesikhathi izitolo zethu ziqala ukusondela ezivakashini, siqale ukurekhoda ukwanda kwamamethrikhi njengenombolo yabasebenzisi, inombolo yama-oda afakwe kuhlelo lwethu lokusebenza, kanye nenani lezicelo zezicelo.
Inombolo yama-oda kusuka ngoMashi 18 kuya kuMashi 31Inombolo yezicelo kuma-microservices okukhokha ku-inthanethiInombolo yama-oda afakwe kuwebhusayithi
Kugrafu yokuqala sibona ukuthi ukwanda kwaba cishe izikhathi ezingu-14, okwesibili - izikhathi ezingu-4. Sibheka i-metric yesikhathi sokuphendula yezinhlelo zethu zokusebenza njengeyinkomba kakhulu.
Kule grafu sibona ukusabela kwezinhlaka nezicelo, futhi ngokwethu sanquma ukuthi asizange sikubone ukukhula okunjalo.
Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokuthi siqale umsebenzi wokulungiselela ekupheleni kuka-2019. Manje izinsiza zethu zigodliwe, ukubekezelelana kwamaphutha kuqinisekiswa ezingeni lamaseva aphathekayo, izinhlelo ze-virtualization, ama-dockers, kanye nezinsizakalo ezikuwo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umthamo wezinsiza zethu zeseva usivumela ukuthi simelane nemithwalo eminingi.
Ithuluzi elikhulu elasisiza kuyo yonke le ndaba kwakuwuhlelo lwethu lokuqapha. Yiqiniso, kuze kube muva nje besingenalo uhlelo olulodwa olwaluzosivumela ukuthi siqoqe amamethrikhi kuzo zonke izendlalelo, kusukela ezingeni lezinto ezibonakalayo nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kuya ezingeni lamamethrikhi ebhizinisi.
Ngokusemthethweni, kwakukhona ukuqapha enkampanini, kodwa njengomthetho yahlakazwa futhi yayisendaweni yomthwalo wemfanelo weminyango ethile. Eqinisweni, lapho kwenzeka isigameko, cishe asikaze sibe nokuqonda okufanayo kokuthi ngempela kwenzekani, kwakungekho ukuxhumana, futhi ngokuvamile lokhu kwakuholela ekugijimeni emibuthanweni ukuze kutholwe futhi kuhlukaniswe inkinga ukuze ilungiswe.
Ngesinye isikhathi, sacabanga futhi sanquma ukuthi sekwanele ukubekezelela lokhu - sasidinga uhlelo oluhlangene ukuze sibone isithombe sonke ngokugcwele. Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obufakwe kusitaki sethu i-Zabbix njengesikhungo sokuxwayisa namamethrikhi, i-Prometheus yokuqoqa nokugcina amamethrikhi ohlelo, Stack ELK yokugawula nokugcina idatha evela kulo lonke uhlelo lokuqapha, kanye ne-Grafana yokubuka, i-Swagger, i-Docker nezinye izinto eziwusizo nezinto ozaziyo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, asisebenzisi nje kuphela ubuchwepheshe obutholakala emakethe, kodwa futhi sithuthukisa obunye okwethu. Isibonelo, senza amasevisi okuhlanganisa amasistimu namanye, okungukuthi, uhlobo oluthile lwe-API lokuqoqa amamethrikhi. Futhi sisebenza ngamasistimu ethu okuqapha - ezingeni lamamethrikhi ebhizinisi sisebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-UI. Futhi ne-bot kuTelegram ukwazisa amaqembu.
Sizama futhi ukwenza isistimu yokuqapha ifinyeleleke emaqenjini ukuze akwazi ukugcina ngokuzimela futhi asebenze ngamamethrikhi awo, okuhlanganisa nokusetha izexwayiso zamamethrikhi athile amancane angasetshenziswa kakhulu.
Kuwo wonke uhlelo, silwela ukwenza okuthile nokwenza izehlakalo zibe ezasendaweni ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lama-microservices ethu kanye nezinhlelo likhule kakhulu muva nje, futhi inani lokuhlanganisa likhule ngokufanele. Futhi njengengxenye yokuthuthukisa inqubo yokuhlonza izehlakalo ezingeni lokuhlanganisa, sakha uhlelo olukuvumela ukuthi uhlole amasistimu ahlukene futhi ubonise umphumela, okuvumela ukuthi uthole izinkinga ezinkulu ezihlobene nokungenisa kanye nokusebenzisana kwezinhlelo ngabanye.
Yebo, sisenayo indawo yokukhula nokuthuthukisa mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi sisebenza ngenkuthalo kulokhu. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nesistimu yethu yokuqapha .
Ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe
U-Orlov Sergey, uphethe isikhungo samakhono sokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu neselula
Selokhu kwaqala ukuvalwa kwesitolo esiphathekayo, siye sabhekana nezinselele ezihlukahlukene ngokombono wentuthuko. Okokuqala, umthwalo ukhuphuka kanjalo. Kusobala ukuthi uma izinyathelo ezifanele zingathathwa, khona-ke lapho umthwalo ophezulu usetshenziswa ohlelweni, ungaphenduka ube ithanga nge-bang edabukisayo, noma unciphise ngokuphelele ukusebenza, noma ulahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo.
Isici sesibili, esingacacile kancane, ukuthi uhlelo olungaphansi komthwalo omkhulu kwakudingeka lushintshwe ngokushesha, luvumelane nezinguquko ezinkambisweni zebhizinisi. Ngezinye izikhathi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Izinkampani eziningi zinomthetho wokuthi uma kunomsebenzi omningi wokumaketha, asikho isidingo sokwenza izinguquko ohlelweni. Lutho neze, mayisebenze inqobo nje uma isasebenza.
Futhi empeleni sibe noLwesihlanu Olumnyama olungapheli, lapho bekudingeka ukuthi kushintshwe uhlelo. Futhi noma yiliphi iphutha, inkinga, noma ukwehluleka ohlelweni kungabiza kakhulu ebhizinisini.
Uma ngibheka phambili, ngizosho ukuthi sikwazile ukubhekana nalezi zivivinyo, wonke amasistimu amelana nomthwalo, alinganiswa kalula, futhi asizange sibe nokwehluleka kwezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wonke.
Kunezinsika ezine lapho ikhono lesistimu lokumelana nemithwalo ephezulu yokukhuphuka lilele. Esokuqala siwukuqapha, ofunde ngakho ngenhla. Ngaphandle kwesistimu yokuqapha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola izingqinamba zesistimu. Uhlelo oluhle lokuqapha lufana nezingubo zasekhaya; kufanele lukhululeke futhi lufanelane nawe.
Isici sesibili ukuhlola. Sithatha leli phuzu njengento ebaluleke kakhulu: sibhala amayunithi akudala, izivivinyo zokuhlanganisa, izivivinyo zokulayisha nokunye okuningi kusistimu ngayinye. Siphinde sibhale isu lokuhlola, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sizama ukukhulisa izinga lokuhlola kuze kube yilapho singasakudingi ukuhlola mathupha.
Insika yesithathu yi-CI/CD Pipeline. Izinqubo zokwakha, ukuhlola, kanye nokuthumela isicelo kufanele zenziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngangokunokwenzeka; akumele kube khona ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla. Isihloko se-CI/CD Pipeline sijule impela, futhi ngizosithinta kafushane nje. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi sinohlu lokuhlola Ipayipi le-CI/CD, ithimba ngalinye lomkhiqizo elidlula kulo ngosizo lwezikhungo zamakhono.
Nalu uhlu lokuhlola
Ngale ndlela, imigomo eminingi iyafinyelelwa. Lokhu ukuguqulwa kwe-API kanye nokuguqula isici ukuze ugweme isitimela esiphumayo, nokuzuza ukumbozwa kokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kuleveli yokuthi ukuhlola kuzenzakalela ngokugcwele, ukuthunyelwa kungenazihibe, njalo njalo.
Insika yesine yizimiso zezakhiwo kanye nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe. Singakhuluma okuningi mayelana nezakhiwo isikhathi eside, kodwa ngifuna ukugcizelela izimiso ezimbalwa engingathanda ukugxila kuzo.
Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha amathuluzi akhethekile emisebenzi ethile. Yebo, kuzwakala kusobala, futhi kusobala ukuthi izipikili kufanele zishayelwe ngesando, futhi amawashi asesihlakaleni kufanele ahlakazwe ngezikrini ezikhethekile. Kodwa esikhathini sethu, amathuluzi amaningi alwela ukwakhiwa kwendawo yonke ukuze amboze ingxenye enkulu yabasebenzisi: isizindalwazi, izinqolobane, izinhlaka nokunye. Isibonelo, uma uthatha isizindalwazi se-MongoDB, sisebenza nge-multi-document transactions, futhi i-Oracle database isebenza ne-json. Futhi kubonakala sengathi yonke into ingasetshenziswa kukho konke. Kodwa uma simele ukukhiqiza, khona-ke sidinga ukuqonda ngokucacile amandla nobuthakathaka bethuluzi ngalinye futhi sisebenzise lezo esizidingayo ekilasini lethu lemisebenzi.
Okwesibili, lapho uklama amasistimu, ukwanda ngakunye kobunzima kufanele kuthethelelwe. Kufanele sihlale sikukhumbula lokhu; umgomo wokuhlangana okuphansi waziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Ngikholelwa ukuthi kufanele isetshenziswe ezingeni lesevisi ethile, futhi ezingeni lalo lonke uhlelo, futhi ezingeni le-landscape yezakhiwo. Ikhono lokukala ngokuvundlile ingxenye yesistimu ngayinye endleleni yokulayisha libalulekile. Uma unaleli khono, ukukala ngeke kube nzima.
Sikhuluma ngezixazululo zobuchwepheshe, sicele amathimba emikhiqizo ukuthi alungiselele isethi entsha yezincomo, imibono nezisombululo, azisebenzise ekulungiseleleni igagasi elilandelayo lomsebenzi.
I-Keshi
Kudingekile ukusondela ngokucophelela ekukhethweni kwama-caches wendawo kanye nokusabalalisa. Kwesinye isikhathi kunengqondo ukusebenzisa kokubili ngaphakathi kwesistimu efanayo. Isibonelo, sinesistimu lapho enye idatha empeleni iyinqolobane yokubonisa, okungukuthi, umthombo wezibuyekezo utholakala ngemuva kwesistimu ngokwayo, futhi amasistimu angashintshi. le datha. Kule ndlela sisebenzisa i-Cacheine Cache yendawo.
Futhi kukhona idatha ukuthi uhlelo lushintsha ngenkuthalo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi lapha sesivele sisebenzisa i-cache esabalalisiwe ne-Hazelcast. Le ndlela isivumela ukuthi sisebenzise izinzuzo zenqolobane esabalalisiwe lapho zidingeka khona ngempela, futhi sinciphise izindleko zesevisi zokuzungeza idatha yeqoqo le-Hazelcast lapho singenza khona ngaphandle kwayo. Sibhale okuningi mayelana nezinqolobane. и .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushintsha i-serializer ibe yi-Kryo e-Hazelcast kusinike umfutho omuhle. Futhi ukuguquka ukusuka ku-ReplicatedMap ukuya ku-IMap + Near Cache e-Hazelcast kusivumele ukuba sinciphise ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kuqoqo.
Iseluleko esincane: uma kwenzeka kungasebenzi inqolobane yenqwaba, iqhinga lokufudumeza inqolobane yesibili bese ushintshela kuyo ngezinye izikhathi liyasebenza. Kungase kubonakale sengathi ngale ndlela kufanele sithole ukusetshenziswa kwememori kabili, kodwa ekusebenzeni, kulezo zinhlelo lapho lokhu kwenziwa khona, ukusetshenziswa kwememori kwehla.
Isitaki esisebenzayo
Sisebenzisa isitaki esisebenzayo enanini elikhulu lamasistimu. Esimweni sethu, lokhu kuyi-Webflux noma i-Kotlin enama-coroutines. Isitaki esisebenzayo sihle ikakhulukazi lapho silindele ukusebenza okunensayo kokufakwayo. Isibonelo, izingcingo eziya ezinsizeni ezihamba kancane, ukusebenza nesistimu yefayela noma amasistimu okugcina.
Isimiso esibaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukuvimba izingcingo. Izinhlaka ezisebenzayo zinenombolo encane yemicu yesevisi ebukhoma esebenza ngaphansi kwe-hood. Uma ngokunganaki sizivumela ukuthi senze ikholi evimbelayo eqondile, njengocingo lomshayeli we-JDBC, isistimu izovele ime ime.
Zama ukushintsha amaphutha uwenze owakho isikhathi sokusebenza. Ukugeleza kwangempela kokwenziwa kohlelo kushintshela kuzinhlaka ezisebenzayo, futhi ukwenziwa kwekhodi kuba okungaqondile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunzima kakhulu ukuhlonza izinkinga usebenzisa ama-stack traces. Futhi isisombululo lapha kungaba ukudala okuhlukile, okunenjongo yesikhathi sokusebenza kuwo wonke amaphutha.
Islastiki
Uma usebenzisa i-Elasticsearch, ungakhethi idatha engasetshenziswa. Lokhu, ngokomthetho, kuyiseluleko esilula kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile yilokhu okukhohliwe. Uma udinga ukukhetha amarekhodi angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-10 ngesikhathi, udinga ukusebenzisa ukuskrola. Ukuze usebenzise isifaniso, kucishe kufane nekhesa kusizindalwazi esihlobene.
Ungasisebenzisi isihlungi seposi ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Ngedatha enkulu kusampula enkulu, lo msebenzi ulayisha kakhulu isizindalwazi.
Sebenzisa imisebenzi yobuningi lapho kufanele khona.
API
Lapho uklama i-API, faka izimfuneko zokunciphisa idatha edlulisiwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nengaphambili: kukule ndawo lapho sidlula khona iziteshi zezikhungo zethu zedatha futhi sesivele sisebenza esiteshini esisixhumanisa neklayenti. Uma inenkinga encane, ithrafikhi eningi kakhulu idala umuzwa ongemuhle womsebenzisi.
Futhi ekugcineni, ungalahli yonke idatha yedatha, cacisa ngenkontileka phakathi kwabathengi nabahlinzeki.
Uguquko lwenhlangano
U-Eroshkina Elena, iPhini likaMqondisi we-IT
Ngaleso sikhathi lapho ukuvalelwa kwenzeka, futhi kwavela isidingo sokukhulisa kakhulu isivinini sokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi kanye nokwethulwa kwezinsizakalo ze-omnichannel, kakade sasisenqubweni yokuguqulwa kwenhlangano.
Ingxenye yesakhiwo sethu yadluliselwa ukuze isebenze ngokuvumelana nezimiso nezinqubo zendlela yomkhiqizo. Kwakhiwe amathimba manje abhekene nokusebenza nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ngamunye. Abasebenzi basemaqenjini anjalo bahileleke ngo-100% futhi bahlela umsebenzi wabo besebenzisa iScrum noma i-Kanban, kuye ngokuthi yini ekhethwayo kubo, ukumisa ipayipi lokuthumela, ukusebenzisa izinqubo zobuchwepheshe, izinqubo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, nokunye okuningi.
Ngenhlanhla, inqwaba yamaqembu ethu omkhiqizo ibisendaweni yezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi neziteshi zonke. Lokhu kusivumele ukuthi sishintshele kumodi yokusebenza ekude ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu (sina, ngokoqobo ezinsukwini ezimbili) ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle. Inqubo eyenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo isivumele ukuthi sizivumelanise ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokusebenza futhi sigcine izinga eliphezulu lokulethwa kokusebenza okusha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinesidingo sokuqinisa lawo maqembu asemngceleni webhizinisi eliku-inthanethi. Ngaleso sikhathi kwacaca ukuthi lokhu singakwenza sisebenzisa izinsiza zangaphakathi. Futhi abantu abangaba ngu-50 emasontweni amabili bashintsha indawo ababesebenzela kuyo ngaphambili futhi bahileleka ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo owawumusha kubo.
Lokhu bekungadingi imizamo ekhethekile yokuphatha, ngoba kanye nokuhlela inqubo yethu, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo, nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, sifundisa amaqembu ethu ukuzihlela - ukuphatha inqubo yawo yokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokubandakanya izinsiza zokuphatha.
Sikwazile ukugxilisa izinsiza zethu zokuphatha lapho bezidingeka khona ngaleso sikhathi - ekuxhumaniseni kanye nebhizinisi: Yini ebalulekile kuklayenti lethu njengamanje, yikuphi ukusebenza okufanele kusetshenziswe kuqala, yini okudingeka yenziwe ukuze sandise ikhono lethu lokusebenzisa ukuletha nokucubungula ama-oda. Konke lokhu kanye nesibonelo esicacile kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi ukulayisha ukusakazwa kwenani lethu lokukhiqiza nalokho okubaluleke ngempela nokudingekile.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ngomsebenzi okude kanye nesivinini esikhulu soshintsho, lapho izinkomba zebhizinisi zincike ekubambeni iqhaza kwawo wonke umuntu, awukwazi ukuthembela kuphela emizweni yangaphakathi evela ochungechungeni oluthi "Ingabe konke kuhamba kahle nathi? Yebo, kubonakala kukuhle." Amamethrikhi enhloso yenqubo yokukhiqiza ayadingeka. Sinazo lezi, zitholakala kunoma ubani onentshisekelo kumamethrikhi amathimba omkhiqizo. Okokuqala, ithimba ngokwalo, ibhizinisi, osonkontileka abancane nabaphathi.
Kanye njalo emavikini amabili, kubanjwa isimo neqembu ngalinye, lapho amamethrikhi ahlaziywa khona imizuzu eyi-10, kutholwa izingqinamba ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, bese kuthuthukiswa isisombululo esihlanganyelwe: yini engenziwa ukuze kuqedwe lezi zinkinga. Lapha ungakwazi ngokushesha ukucela usizo kubaphathi uma kukhona inkinga ekhonjiwe ingaphandle kwethonya lamaqembu, noma ubuhlakani bozakwenu okungenzeka ukuthi sebehlangabezane nenkinga efanayo.
Nokho, siyaqonda ukuthi ukuze sisheshise izikhathi eziningi (futhi lona yiwona kanye umgomo esizibekela wona), sisadinga ukufunda okuningi futhi sikusebenzise emsebenzini wethu wansuku zonke. Njengamanje siyaqhubeka nokukala indlela yethu yomkhiqizo kwamanye amaqembu nemikhiqizo emisha. Ukuze senze lokhu, bekufanele sifunde ngendlela entsha - isikole esiku-inthanethi sezazi zemethothodologists.
Ochwepheshe bezindlela, abantu abasiza amaqembu akhe inqubo, asungule ukuxhumana, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi, empeleni bangamanxusa oshintsho. Njengamanje, abaphothule eqenjini lethu lokuqala basebenza namaqembu futhi bawasiza ukuthi aphumelele.
Ngicabanga ukuthi lesi simo esikhona manje sivula amathuba kanye namathemba kithi okungenzeka ukuthi thina ngokwethu esingakawazi ngokugcwele. Kodwa isipiliyoni kanye nokuzilolonga esikutholayo njengamanje kuqinisekisa ukuthi sikhethe indlela eyiyo yentuthuko, ngeke siphuthelwe la mathuba amasha esikhathini esizayo futhi sizokwazi ukuphendula ngendlela efanayo nezinselelo ezobhekana nazo iSportmaster.
okutholakele
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi esinzima, senze izimiso eziyinhloko lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kuncike khona, engicabanga ukuthi kuzofaneleka kuyo yonke inkampani esebenzisana nalokhu.
Abantu. Yilokhu konke okuncike kukho. Abasebenzi kufanele bajabulele umsebenzi wabo futhi baqonde imigomo yenkampani kanye nemigomo yemikhiqizo abasebenza kuyo. Futhi-ke, babengathuthuka ngokomsebenzi.
Ubuchwepheshe. Kuyadingeka ukuthi inkampani ithathe indlela evuthiwe yokusebenza nesitaki sayo sobuchwepheshe futhi yakhe amakhono lapho idingeka khona ngempela. Kuzwakala kulula kakhulu futhi kusobala. Futhi ngokuvamile kakhulu indiva.
Izinqubo. Kubalulekile ukuhlela kahle umsebenzi wamaqembu omkhiqizo kanye nezikhungo zamakhono, ukusungula ukuxhumana nebhizinisi ukuze usebenze nalo njengozakwethu.
Ngokuvamile, lokho kuhle kakhulu ukuthi sisinde kanjani. I-thesis eyinhloko yesikhathi sethu yaqinisekiswa futhi, ngokuchofoza okuzwakalayo ebunzini
Ngisho noma uyibhizinisi elikhulu elingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi elinezitolo eziningi kanye nenqwaba yamadolobha lapho usebenza khona, thuthukisa ibhizinisi lakho eliku-inthanethi. Lesi akusona nje isiteshi esengeziwe sokuthengisa noma uhlelo lokusebenza oluhle ongakwazi ukuthenga ngalo okuthile (futhi futhi ngoba izimbangi nazo zinezinhle). Leli akulona isondo nje eliyisipele elizokusiza ubhekane nesiphepho.
Lokhu kuyisidingo esiphelele. Okumele kulungiselelwe hhayi kuphela amakhono akho obuchwepheshe nengqalasizinda, kodwa nabantu bakho kanye nezinqubo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ungathenga ngokushesha inkumbulo eyengeziwe, isikhala, sebenzisa izimo ezintsha, njll. emahoreni ambalwa. Kodwa abantu nezinqubo kumele zilungiselelwe lokhu kusenesikhathi.
Source: www.habr.com