U-Anton Weiss, umsunguli kanye nomqondisi we-Otomato Software, omunye wabaqalisi nabafundisi besitifiketi sokuqala se-DevOps kwa-Israel, ukhulume ngonyaka odlule. mayelana nethiyori yesiphithiphithi kanye nezimiso eziyinhloko zobunjiniyela besiphithiphithi, futhi wachaza ukuthi inhlangano ekahle ye-DevOps yesikhathi esizayo isebenza kanjani.
Silungiselele inguqulo yombhalo yombiko.
Sawubona
I-DevOpsDays eMoscow unyaka wesibili ngokulandelana, lesi yisikhathi sami sesibili kulesi siteji, abaningi benu bakuleli gumbi okwesibili. Kusho ukuthini? Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhlangano ye-DevOps eRussia iyakhula, iphindaphindeka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kusho ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokukhuluma ngokuthi iyini i-DevOps ngo-2018.
Phakamisa izandla zakho abacabanga ukuthi i-DevOps isivele iwumsebenzi ngo-2018? Bakhona abanjalo. Ingabe bakhona onjiniyela be-DevOps egumbini incazelo yabo yomsebenzi ithi “DevOps Engineer”? Ingabe bakhona abaphathi be-DevOps egumbini? Akukho okunjalo. Abaklami be-DevOps? Futhi cha. Akwanele. Ingabe kuyiqiniso ngempela ukuthi akekho othi ungunjiniyela we-DevOps?
Ngakho-ke iningi lenu licabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyiphethini ephikisanayo? Ukuthi umsebenzi onjalo akufanele ube khona? Singacabanga noma yini esiyifunayo, kodwa ngenkathi sisacabanga, imboni iqhubekela phambili ngokuzithoba emsindweni wecilongo le-DevOps.
Ubani ozwile ngesihloko esisha esibizwa nge-DevDevOps? Lena indlela entsha evumela ukusebenzisana okusebenzayo phakathi konjiniyela nama-devops. Futhi akukusha kangako. Ukwahlulela nge-Twitter, sebevele baqala ukukhuluma ngalokhu eminyakeni emi-4 edlule. Futhi kuze kube manje, isithakazelo kulokhu sikhula futhi sikhula, okungukuthi, kunenkinga. Inkinga idinga ukuxazululwa.
Singabantu abanobuhlakani, asiphumuli nje kalula. Sithi: I-DevOps ayilona igama eliphelele ngokwanele; isantula zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezihlukile, ezithokozisayo. Futhi siya kumalabhorethri ethu ayimfihlo futhi siqala ukukhiqiza ukuguqulwa okuthakazelisayo: i-DevTestOps, i-GitOps, i-DevSecOps, i-BizDevOps, i-ProdOps.
I-logic i-ironclad, akunjalo? Isistimu yethu yokulethwa ayisebenzi, amasistimu ethu awazinzile futhi abasebenzisi bethu abanelisekile, asinaso isikhathi sokukhipha isofthiwe ngesikhathi, asingeni kubhajethi. Sizokuxazulula kanjani konke lokhu? Sizoqhamuka negama elisha! Izophetha ngokuthi "Ops" futhi inkinga iyaxazululwa.
Ngakho ngibiza le ndlela - "Ops, futhi inkinga isixazululiwe."
Konke lokhu kuyafiphala uma sizikhumbuza ukuthi kungani siqhamuke nakho konke lokhu. Siqhamuke nayo yonke le nto ye-DevOps ukwenza ukulethwa kwesoftware kanye nomsebenzi wethu kule nqubo njengokungavinjwa lutho, okungenabuhlungu, okusebenzayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, okujabulisayo ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-DevOps ikhule ngenxa yobuhlungu. Futhi sikhathele ukuhlupheka. Futhi ukuze konke lokhu kwenzeke, sithembele ezenzweni ezihlala ziluhlaza: ukusebenzisana okusebenzayo, izinqubo zokugeleza, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukucabanga kwesistimu, ngoba ngaphandle kwakho akukho DevOps esebenzayo.
Luyini uhlelo?
Futhi uma sesivele sikhuluma ngokucabanga kwesistimu, ake sizikhumbuze ukuthi iyini uhlelo.
Uma ungumdubuli wezinguquko, khona-ke kuwe uhlelo lubi ngokusobala. Kuyifu eliphezu kwakho elikuphoqa ukuthi wenze izinto ongafuni ukuzenza.
Ngokombono wezinhlelo zokucabanga, uhlelo luyingqikithi equkethe izingxenye. Ngalo mqondo, ngamunye wethu uwuhlelo. Izinhlangano esisebenza kuzo ziyizinhlelo. Futhi lokhu esakhayo mina nawe kubizwa ngesistimu.
Konke lokhu kuyingxenye yohlelo olulodwa olukhulu lwezenhlalo nobuchwepheshe. Futhi kuphela uma siqonda ukuthi lolu hlelo lwezenhlalo nobuchwepheshe lusebenza kanjani ndawonye, yilapho kuphela lapho sizokwazi khona ukuthuthukisa okuthile kule ndaba.
Ngokombono wokucabanga wezinhlelo, isistimu inezindawo ezithakazelisayo ezihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, iqukethe izingxenye, okusho ukuthi ukuziphatha kwayo kuncike ekuziphatheni kwezingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izingxenye zayo nazo zincike kwezinye. Kuvela ukuthi uma uhlelo lunezingxenye eziningi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuqonda noma ukubikezela ukuziphatha kwalo.
Ngokombono wokuziphatha, kukhona elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Uhlelo lungenza okuthile okungekho ezithweni zalo ezingakwazi ukuzenza.
Njengoba uDkt. Russell Ackoff (omunye wabasunguli bezinhlelo zokucabanga) asho, lokhu kulula kakhulu ukufakazela ngokuhlolwa komcabango. Isibonelo, ubani ekamelweni owaziyo ukubhala ikhodi? Kunezandla eziningi, futhi lokhu kuvamile, ngoba lokhu kungenye yezidingo eziyinhloko zomsebenzi wethu. Uyazi ukuthi ubhalwa kanjani, kodwa izandla zakho zingabhala ikhodi ngokwehlukana nawe? Kukhona abantu abazothi: "Akuzona izandla zami ezibhala ikhodi, ubuchopho bami obubhala ikhodi." Ingabe ingqondo yakho ingabhala ikhodi ngokwehlukana nawe? Hhayi-ke, mhlawumbe akunjalo.
Ubuchopho bungumshini omangalisayo, asazi ngisho no-10% ukuthi usebenza kanjani lapho, kodwa awukwazi ukusebenza ngokuhlukene nesistimu engumzimba wethu. Futhi lokhu kulula ukufakazela: vula ugebhezi lwakho, khipha ubuchopho bakho, ubeke phambi kwekhompyutha, makazame ukubhala into elula. "Sawubona, mhlaba" kuPython, isibonelo.
Uma uhlelo lungenza okuthile okungekho nesisodwa sezingxenye zalo esingakwazi ukukwenza ngokuhlukana, lokho kusho ukuthi ukuziphatha kwalo akunqunywa ukuziphatha kwezingxenye zalo. Pho kunqunywa ngani? Kunqunywa ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zingxenye. Futhi ngokufanele, izingxenye eziningi, ukusebenzelana okuyinkimbinkimbi, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda nokubikezela ukuziphatha kwesistimu. Futhi lokhu kwenza uhlelo olunjalo lube nesiphithiphithi, ngoba noma yikuphi, ngisho noshintsho oluncane kakhulu, olungabonakali kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesistimu lungaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile ngokuphelele.
Lokhu kuzwela ezimweni zokuqala kwatholwa okokuqala futhi kwafundwa isazi sesimo sezulu saseMelika u-Ed Lorenz. Kamuva, kwabizwa ngokuthi “umphumela wovemvane” futhi kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kokunyakaza komcabango wesayensi okuthiwa “i-chaos theory.” Lo mbono waba ngenye yezinguquko ezinkulu ze-paradigm kwisayensi yekhulu lama-20.
Umbono wesiphithiphithi
Abantu abafunda isiphithiphithi bazibiza ngama-chaosologists.
Empeleni, isizathu salo mbiko kwakuwukuthi, ukusebenza nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisabalalisiwe kanye nezinhlangano ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, ngesinye isikhathi ngabona ukuthi yilowo engizizwa nginje. Ngiyisazi sezinxushunxushu. Lena indlela ehlakaniphile yokusho ukuthi: “Angiqondi ukuthi kwenzekani lapha futhi angazi ukuthi ngenzeni ngakho.”
Ngicabanga ukuthi abaningi benu nabo bavame ukuzizwa ngale ndlela, ngakho-ke nani niyizazi zesiphithiphithi. Ngikumemela enhlanganweni yama-chaosologists. Izinhlelo esizozifunda mina nawe, ozakwethu esibathandayo, zibizwa ngokuthi “amasistimu aguquguqukayo ayinkimbinkimbi.”
Kuyini ukuzivumelanisa nezimo? Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kusho ukuthi ukuziphatha komuntu ngamunye kanye nokuqoqiwe kwezingxenye ohlelweni olunjalo oluguquguqukayo futhi zizihlele ngokwazo, ukuphendula izehlakalo noma amaketango emicimbi emincane ohlelweni. Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo luvumelana nezinguquko ngokuzihlela. Futhi leli khono lokuzihlela lisekelwe ekubambisaneni kokuzithandela, okuhlukaniselwe ngokuphelele ama-agent azimele amahhala.
Enye impahla ethokozisayo yamasistimu anjalo ukuthi angahleleka ngokukhululekile. Okufanele ngokungangabazeki kusithakazelise, njengama-chaosologists-onjiniyela. Ngakho, uma sithe ukuziphatha kwesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kunqunywa ukusebenzisana kwezingxenye zaso, khona-ke yini okufanele sibe nesithakazelo kuyo? Ukusebenzisana.
Kukhona okunye okubili okutholwe ezithakazelisayo.
Okokuqala, siyaqonda ukuthi uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi alukwazi ukwenziwa lula ngokwenza izingxenye zalo zibe lula. Okwesibili, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwenza lula uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi ukwenza kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zalo.
Sisebenzisana kanjani? Mina nawe sonke siyingxenye yesistimu yolwazi enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi umphakathi wabantu. Sisebenzisana ngolimi olujwayelekile, uma sinalo, uma siluthola.
Kodwa ulimi ngokwalo luwuhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi oluguquguqukayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sihlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo nangokulula, sidinga ukudala uhlobo oluthile lwezivumelwano. Okungukuthi, ukulandelana okuthile kwezimpawu nezenzo ezizokwenza ukushintshana kolwazi phakathi kwethu kube lula, kubikezeleke kakhudlwana, kucace kakhudlwana.
Ngifuna ukusho ukuthi izitayela ezibheke ebunzimeni, ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo, ekuhlukaniseni amazwe, eziya ezinxushunxushwini zingalandelelwa kukho konke. Nasezinhlelweni esakhayo mina nawe, nakulezo zinhlelo esiyingxenye yazo.
Futhi hhayi ukungabi nasisekelo, ake sibheke ukuthi amasistimu esiwadalayo ashintsha kanjani.
Ubulindele leli gama, ngiyaqonda. Sisengqungqutheleni ye-DevOps, namuhla leli gama lizozwakala cishe izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu bese sizoliphupha ebusuku.
I-Microservices iwukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe yokuqala eyavela njengokusabela kuzinqubo ze-DevOps, eklanyelwe ukwenza amasistimu ethu aguquguquke, ahlakazeke kakhulu, futhi aqinisekise ukulethwa okuqhubekayo. Ukwenza kanjani lokhu? Ngokunciphisa umthamo wezinsizakalo, ukunciphisa ububanzi bezinkinga ezicutshungulwa yilezi zinsizakalo, kuncishiswe isikhathi sokulethwa. Okusho ukuthi, sinciphisa futhi senze izingxenye zesistimu zibe lula, sandise inani lazo, futhi ngokufanele, ubunzima bokusebenzelana phakathi kwalezi zingxenye bukhula ngokungaguquki, okungukuthi, kuphakama izinkinga ezintsha okufanele sizixazulule.
I-Microservices ayisona isiphetho, ama-microservices, ngokuvamile, kakade izolo, ngoba i-Serverless iyeza. Wonke amaseva ashile, awekho amaseva, awekho amasistimu wokusebenza, ikhodi esebenzisekayo emsulwa nje. Ukucushwa kuhlukene, izifunda zihlukene, yonke into ilawulwa izehlakalo. Ubuhle, inhlanzeko, ukuthula, akukho zenzakalo, akukho okwenzekayo, ukuhleleka okuphelele.
Ikuphi inkimbinkimbi? Ubunzima, vele, busekusebenzisaneni. Umsebenzi owodwa ungenza malini ngokwawo? Isebenzisana kanjani neminye imisebenzi? Olayini bemilayezo, isizindalwazi, ababhalansi. Ungawenza kanjani kabusha umcimbi othile lapho kwenzeka iphutha? Imibuzo eminingi nezimpendulo ezimbalwa.
Ama-Microservices kanye ne-Serverless yilokho esikubiza ngama-hipsters angama-Cloud. Konke kumayelana nefu. Kodwa ifu nalo lilinganiselwe ngokwemvelo ekulinganiseni kwalo. Sijwayele ukucabanga ngakho njengohlelo olusabalalisiwe. Eqinisweni, ahlala kuphi amaseva abahlinzeki bamafu? Ezikhungweni zedatha. Okusho ukuthi, sinohlobo lwemodeli emaphakathi, elinganiselwe kakhulu, esabalalisiwe lapha.
Namuhla siyaqonda ukuthi I-inthanethi Yezinto ayisewona amagama amakhulu okuthi noma ngokusho kwezibikezelo ezinesizotha, izigidi zezigidi zamadivayisi axhunywe ku-inthanethi zisilindile eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ezayo. Inani elikhulu ledatha ewusizo nengenamsebenzi ezohlanganiswa efwini futhi ilayishwe kusukela emafini.
Ifu ngeke lihlale, ngakho siya ngokuya sikhuluma ngento ebizwa nge-edge computing. Noma ngithanda nencazelo emangalisayo ye-"fog computing". Imbozwe yi-mysticism ye-romanticism kanye nemfihlakalo.
Ikhompyutha yenkungu. Iphuzu liwukuthi amafu ayizigaxa zamanzi, umusi, iqhwa namatshe. Futhi inkungu ingamaconsi amanzi ahlakazekile nxazonke zethu emkhathini.
Emcabangweni wenkungu, umsebenzi omningi wenziwa yilawa maconsi ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngokubambisana namanye amaconsi. Futhi baphendukela efwini kuphela lapho becindezelwe ngempela.
Okusho ukuthi, futhi ukusabalalisa, ukuzimela, futhi, yiqiniso, abaningi benu sebevele baqonda ukuthi konke lokhu kuhamba kuphi, ngoba awukwazi ukukhuluma ngokuhlukaniswa ngaphandle kokukhuluma nge-blockchain.
Kukhona abakholwayo, laba yilabo abafake imali ku-cryptocurrency. Kukhona abakholwayo kodwa besaba, njengami, isibonelo. Futhi kukhona abangakholwa. Lapha ungakwazi ukuphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Kukhona ubuchwepheshe, indaba entsha engaziwa, kunezinkinga. Njenganoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusha, buphakamisa imibuzo eminingi kunaleyo obuyiphendulayo.
I-hype ezungeze i-blockchain iyaqondakala. Ukushesha kwegolide eceleni, ubuchwepheshe ngokwabo buphethe izithembiso ezimangalisayo zekusasa eliqhakazile: inkululeko eyengeziwe, ukuzimela okwengeziwe, ukwethenjwa komhlaba wonke okusabalalisiwe. Yini ongayifuni?
Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela abaningi ngokwengeziwe emhlabeni wonke sebeqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukaniselwe. Futhi lawa amandla angenakuchithwa ngokuthi: “Ahh, i-blockchain iyisizindalwazi esingasatshalaliswa kahle.” Noma njengoba abangabazayo bethanda ukusho: "Azikho izicelo zangempela ze-blockchain." Uma ucabanga, eminyakeni engu-150 edlule basho okufanayo ngogesi. Futhi babeqinisile ngandlela thize, ngoba lokho ugesi okwenza kube nokwenzeka namuhla kwakungenakwenzeka nangayiphi indlela ekhulwini le-19.
By the way, ngubani owaziyo ukuthi hlobo luni lwelogo esikrinini? Lokhu kuyi-Hyperledger. Lena iphrojekthi ethuthukiswayo ngaphansi kwe-The Linux Foundation futhi ihlanganisa iqoqo lobuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Lokhu kungamandla ngempela omphakathi wethu womthombo ovulekile.
Ubunjiniyela be-Chaos
Ngakho-ke, uhlelo esiluthuthukisayo luya luba nzima nakakhulu, luya ngokuya luxaka, futhi luya ngokuya luvumelana nezimo. AbakwaNetflix bangamavulandlela wezinhlelo ze-microservice. Babephakathi kwabokuqala ukukuqonda lokhu, benza isethi yamathuluzi abawabiza ngokuthi i-Simian Army, eyayidume kakhulu kuwo . Wachaza lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi .
Ngendlela, ekusebenzeni kombiko, saze sahumusha lo mbhalo ngesiRashiya, ngakho-ke hamba ku , funda, phawula, thethisa.
Kafushane, izimiso zobunjiniyela besiphithiphithi zisho lokhu okulandelayo. Amasistimu asabalalisiwe ayinkimbinkimbi awaqageleki ngokwemvelo futhi anezimbungulu ngokwemvelo. Amaphutha awagwemeki, okusho ukuthi sidinga ukwamukela lawa maphutha futhi sisebenzisane nalezi zinhlelo ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele.
Thina ngokwethu kufanele sizame ukwethula la maphutha ezinhlelweni zethu zokukhiqiza ukuze sihlole amasistimu ethu ukuze avumelane nezimo okufanayo, lona kanye leli khono lokuzihlela, ukuze siphile.
Futhi lokho kushintsha konke. Hhayi kuphela ukuthi sethula kanjani amasistimu ekukhiqizeni, kodwa nokuthi siwathuthukisa kanjani, siwahlola kanjani. Ayikho inqubo yokuzinzisa noma yokuqhwaza kwekhodi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kunenqubo eqhubekayo yokususa ukuqina. Sizama ukubulala uhlelo sibone luqhubeka luphila.
Amaphrothokholi Okuhlanganiswa Kwesistimu
Ngokufanelekile, lokhu kudinga ukuthi amasistimu ethu ashintshe ngandlela thile. Ukuze zizinze kakhudlwana, zidinga amaphrothokholi amasha okusebenzelana phakathi kwezingxenye zazo. Ukuze lezi zingxenye zivumelane futhi zize kuhlobo oluthile lokuzihlanganisa. Futhi zonke izinhlobo zamathuluzi amasha, izivumelwano ezintsha ziyavela, engizibiza ngokuthi “amaphrothokholi okusebenzelana kwezinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe.”
Ngikhuluma ngani? Okokuqala, iphrojekthi . Eminye izama ukudala iphrothokholi yokulandelela esabalalisiwe evamile, okuyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokususa amaphutha amasistimu asabalalisiwe ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho - . Sithi asikwazi ukubikezela ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ohlelweni, okungukuthi, sidinga ukwandisa ukubonakala kwalo, ukubonwa. I-Opentracing ingeyomndeni wamathuluzi anikeza ukubonakala kumasistimu ethu. Kodwa sidinga ukubonakala ukuze sinqume ukuthi uhlelo luziphatha ngendlela esilindele ukuthi luziphathe ngayo noma cha. Sikuchaza kanjani ukuziphatha okulindelekile? Ngokuchaza uhlobo oluthile lwenqubomgomo, isethi ethile yemithetho. Iphrojekthi ye-Open Policy Agent isebenza ukuze ichaze le sethi yemithetho kuwo wonke ama-spectrum kusukela ekufinyeleleni kuya ekwabiweni kwezinsiza.
Njengoba sishilo, amasistimu ethu aya ngokuya eqhutshwa imicimbi. I-Serverless iyisibonelo esihle sezinhlelo eziqhutshwa umcimbi. Ukuze sidlulise imicimbi phakathi kwamasistimu futhi siyilandelele, sidinga ulimi oluthile, iphrothokholi evamile yokuthi sikhuluma kanjani ngemicimbi, siyidlulisela komunye nomunye. Yilokhu okubizwa ngephrojekthi .
Uchungechunge oluqhubekayo lwezinguquko olugeza amasistimu ethu, luwaphazamisa njalo, kuwukusakazwa okuqhubekayo kwama-artifact esofthiwe. Ukuze sigcine lokhu kugeleza okuqhubekayo kwezinguquko, sidinga uhlobo oluthile lwephrothokholi evamile esingakhuluma ngayo ngokuthi iyini i-artifact yesofthiwe, ihlolwa kanjani, ukuthi idlulise luphi ukuqinisekiswa. Yilokhu okubizwa ngephrojekthi . Okusho ukuthi, iphrothokholi yemethadatha evamile yama-artifact esofthiwe.
Futhi ekugcineni, uma sifuna amasistimu ethu azimele ngokuphelele, avumelane nezimo, futhi azihlelele wona, kufanele siwanike ilungelo lokuzibonakalisa. Iphrojekthi ibizwa Yilokhu kanye akwenzayo. Lena futhi iphrojekthi engaphansi kwe-Cloud Native Computing Foundation.
Wonke la maphrojekthi mancane, wonke adinga uthando lwethu, ukuqinisekiswa kwethu. Konke lokhu kungumthombo ovulekile, ukuhlola kwethu, ukusebenzisa kwethu. Zisikhombisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bubheke kuphi.
Kodwa i-DevOps ayikaze ibe ngokuyinhloko mayelana nobuchwepheshe, bekulokhu kumayelana nokusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu. Futhi, ngokufanele, uma sifuna izinhlelo esizithuthukisayo zishintshe, nathi ngokwethu kufanele sishintshe. Eqinisweni, siyashintsha noma kunjalo; asinakho okuningi esingakwenza.
Kukhona okumangalisayo Umlobi waseBrithani uRachel Botsman, lapho ebhala khona ngokuvela kokwethembana kuwo wonke umlando wesintu. Uthi ekuqaleni, emiphakathini yakudala, ukwethembana kwakusendaweni, okusho ukuthi, sasithembela kuphela esibaziyo.
Kwabe sekunesikhathi eside kakhulu - isikhathi esimnyama lapho ukwethembana kwakubekwe endaweni eyodwa, lapho siqala ukwethemba abantu esingabazi ngenxa yokuthi singamalungu esikhungo esisodwa somphakathi noma sombuso.
Futhi yilokhu esikubona emhlabeni wethu wanamuhla: ukwethembana kuya ngokuya kusatshalaliswa futhi kwahlukaniswa, futhi kusekelwe ekugelezeni kwenkululeko yolwazi, ekutholakaleni kolwazi.
Uma ucabanga ngakho, lokhu kufinyeleleka, okwenza lokhu kuthembana kwenzeke, yilokho mina nawe esikusebenzisayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kokubili indlela esibambisana ngayo nendlela esikwenza ngayo kufanele kuguquke, ngoba izinhlangano ze-IT ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisezingeni eliphezulu azisasebenzi. Baqala ukufa.
Izisekelo zenhlangano ye-DevOps
Inhlangano ekahle ye-DevOps yesikhathi esizayo iwuhlelo oluhlukaniselwe izwe, oluguquguqukayo olwakhiwe amaqembu azimele, ngalinye lihlanganisa abantu abazimele. Lawa maqembu ahlakazeke emhlabeni wonke, abambisana ngempumelelo omunye nomunye kusetshenziswa ukuxhumana okuvumelanayo, esebenzisa izimiso zokuxhumana ezisobala kakhulu. Lihle kakhulu, akunjalo? Ikusasa elihle kakhulu.
Yebo, akukho kulokhu okwenzekayo ngaphandle kokushintsha kwamasiko. Kufanele sibe nobuholi obushintshayo, umthwalo wethu siqu, ugqozi lwangaphakathi.
Lesi isisekelo sezinhlangano ze-DevOps: ukuveza izinto obala kolwazi, ukuxhumana okuvumelanayo, ubuholi bezinguquko, ukusabalalisa.
Burnout
Izinhlelo esiyingxenye yazo kanye nalezo esizakhayo ziya ngokuya ziba nesiphithiphithi, futhi kunzima ngathi bantu ukubhekana nalo mcabango, kunzima ukuyeka ukukhohlisa kokulawula. Sizama ukuqhubeka nokuzilawula, futhi lokhu ngokuvamile kubangela ukutubeka. Lokhu ngikusho ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami, nami ngashiswa, ngaphinde ngakhutshazwa ukwehluleka obekungalindelekile ekukhiqizeni.
Ukutubeka kwenzeka lapho sizama ukulawula into engalawuleki ngokwemvelo. Uma sivutha, yonke into ilahlekelwa incazelo yayo ngoba silahlekelwa isifiso sokwenza into entsha, sithola ukuzivikela futhi siqale ukuvikela lokho esinakho.
Umsebenzi wobunjiniyela, njengoba ngihlala ngithanda ukuzikhumbuza, okokuqala nokubalulekile kuwumsebenzi wokudala. Uma silahlekelwa isifiso sokudala okuthile, khona-ke siphenduka umlotha, sibe umlotha. Abantu bayaphela, izinhlangano ziyaphela.
Ngokubona kwami, ukwamukela kuphela amandla okudala esiphithiphithi, ukwakha kuphela ukubambisana ngokwezimiso zayo yikho okuzosisiza ukuba singalahlekelwa okuhle emsebenzini wethu.
Nakhu engikufisela wena: ukuthanda umsebenzi wakho, ukuthanda esikwenzayo. Lo mhlaba udla ulwazi, sinelungelo lokuwuphakela. Ngakho-ke ake sifunde izinxushunxushu, sibe yizinxushunxushu, silethe inani, senze into entsha, kahle, izinkinga, njengoba sesivele sitholile, azinakugwenywa, futhi lapho zivela, sizomane sithi "Ops!", futhi inkinga iyaxazululwa. .
Yini enye ngaphandle kwe-Chaos Monkey?
Eqinisweni, zonke lezi zinsimbi zisencane kakhulu. I-Netflix efanayo izakhele amathuluzi. Yakha amathuluzi akho. Funda izimiso zobunjiniyela besiphithiphithi futhi uphile ngokuvumelana naleyo migomo kunokuzama ukuthola amanye amathuluzi osewakhiwe ngomunye umuntu.
Zama ukuqonda ukuthi amasistimu akho aphuka kanjani futhi uqale ukuwahlephula futhi ubone ukuthi abambelela kanjani. Lokhu kuza kuqala. Futhi ungabheka amathuluzi. Kukhona zonke izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi.
Angisiqondanga kahle isikhathi lapho uthi isistimu ngeke yenziwe lula ngokwenza izingxenye zayo zibe lula, futhi ngokushesha idlulele kuma-microservices, enza uhlelo lube lula ngokwenza izinto zibe lula ngokwazo kanye nokwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisana. Lezi izingxenye ezimbili eziphikisanayo.
Kulungile, ama-microservices ayisihloko esiphikisana kakhulu ngokujwayelekile. Eqinisweni, ukwenza izingxenye zibe lula kwandisa ukuguquguquka. Yini ehlinzekwa ngama-microservices? Zisinika ukuguquguquka nesivinini, kodwa ngokuqinisekile azisiniki ubulula. Bandisa ubunzima.
Ngakho-ke, kufilosofi ye-DevOps, ama-microservices akuyona into enhle kangaka?
Noma yikuphi okuhle kunohlangothi oluphambene. Inzuzo iwukuthi ikhulisa ukuguquguquka, okusivumela ukuthi senze izinguquko ngokushesha, kodwa kwandisa inkimbinkimbi ngakho-ke ubuthakathaka besistimu yonke.
Noma kunjalo, yikuphi okugcizelelwa kakhulu: ekwenzeni kube lula ukuxhumana noma ukwenza izingxenye zibe lula?
Ukugcizelelwa, yiqiniso, ukwenza lula ukusebenzisana, ngoba uma sibheka lokhu ngokombono wokuthi sisebenza kanjani nawe, okokuqala, sidinga ukunaka ukwenza lula ukusebenzisana, hhayi ekwenzeni umsebenzi ube lula. ngamunye wethu ngokwehlukana. Ngoba ukwenza umsebenzi ube lula kusho ukuphenduka amarobhothi. Lapha kwaMcDonald's isebenza ngokujwayelekile uma unemiyalelo: lapha ubeka i-burger, lapha uthela isoso kuyo. Lokhu akusebenzi nhlobo emsebenzini wethu wokudala.
Ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi yonke into oyishilo iphila emhlabeni ongenakho ukuncintisana, futhi isiphithiphithi esikhona sinomusa kakhulu, futhi akukho kuphikisana phakathi kwalesi siphithiphithi, akekho ofuna ukudla noma ukubulala umuntu? Kufanele kuhambe kanjani ukuncintisana nama-DevOps?
Hhayi-ke kuya ngokuthi sikhuluma ngaluphi uhlobo lomqhudelwano. Ingabe imayelana nokuncintisana emsebenzini noma ukuncintisana phakathi kwezinkampani?
Mayelana nokuncintisana kwezinsizakalo ezikhona ngoba izinsizakalo azizona izinkampani ezimbalwa. Sakha uhlobo olusha lwendawo yolwazi, futhi noma iyiphi indawo ayikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokuncintisana. Kuqhudelana yonke indawo.
I-Netflix efanayo, sibathatha njengesibonelo. Kungani beze nalokhu? Ngoba kwakudingeka babe nokuncintisana. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kanye nesivinini sokunyakaza kuyisidingo impela sokuncintisana; kwethula isiphithiphithi ezinhlelweni zethu. Okusho ukuthi, isiphithiphithi asiyona into esiyenza ngokuqaphela ngoba sifuna, yinto eyenzekayo ngoba izwe lifuna lokho. Kufanele nje sizivumelanise nezimo. Futhi isiphithiphithi, siwumphumela wokuncintisana.
Ngabe lokhu kusho ukuthi isiphithiphithi siwukungabikho kwemigomo, njengoba bekunjalo? Noma leyo migomo esingafuni ukuyibona? Sisendlini futhi asiqondi izinhloso zabanye. Eqinisweni, ukuncintisana kudalwe ukuthi sinemigomo ecacile futhi siyazi ukuthi sizophelela kuphi emzuzwini ngamunye olandelayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu, ngokombono wami, ingqikithi ye-DevOps.
Bheka futhi umbuzo. Ngicabanga ukuthi sonke sinomgomo ofanayo: ukusinda futhi sikwenze ngawo
injabulo enkulu. Futhi umgomo wokuncintisana wanoma iyiphi inhlangano uyafana. Ukusinda kuvame ukwenzeka ngokuncintisana, akukho ongakwenza ngakho.
Ingqungquthela yalo nyaka izoba ngoDisemba 7 eTechnopolis. Samukela izicelo zemibiko kuze kube umhlaka-11 Novemba. nathi uma uthanda ukukhuluma.
Ukubhaliswa kwabahlanganyeli kuvuliwe, amathikithi abiza ama-ruble angu-7000. Sijoyine!
Source: www.habr.com