Ikwindla yisikhathi esimangalisayo sonyaka. Ngenkathi izingane zesikole nabafundi beqala unyaka wesikole belangazelele ihlobo, abantu abadala baphaphamela ukulangazelela izinsuku zakudala nokomela ulwazi.
Ngenhlanhla, akukephuzi kakhulu ukufunda. Ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukuba unjiniyela we-DevOps.
Kuleli hlobo, ozakwethu bethule ukusakazwa kokuqala kwesikole se-DevOps futhi balungiselela ukuqala okwesibili ngoNovemba. Uma ubucabanga ngokuba unjiniyela we-DevOps isikhathi eside, wamukelekile ekatini!
Kungani futhi sadalelwa bani isikole se-DevOps futhi yini edingekayo ukuze ungene kuso? Sikhulume nothisha nabeluleki ukuze sithole izimpendulo zale mibuzo.
- Kwaqala kanjani ukudalwa kwesikole se-DevOps?
UStanislav Salangin, umsunguli wesikole se-DevOps: Ukudala isikole se-DevOps, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyimfuneko yangaleso sikhathi. Lona manje ungomunye wemisebenzi edingeka kakhulu, futhi isidingo sonjiniyela kumaphrojekthi sesiqalile ukudlula ukunikezwa. Sekuyisikhathi eside sikhulisa lo mbono futhi senza imizamo eminingana, kodwa izinkanyezi zagcina ziqondaniswe kulo nyaka kuphela: siqoqe ithimba lochwepheshe abathuthukile nabathakazelayo endaweni eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi sethula ukusakazwa kokuqala. Isikole sokuqala kwakuyisikole sokulinga: abasebenzi bethu kuphela abafunda lapho, kodwa maduze sihlela ukuqasha “iqembu” lesibili nabafundi hhayi enkampanini yethu kuphela.
U-Alexey Sharapov, umholi wezobuchwepheshe, umeluleki oholayo: Ngonyaka odlule saqasha abafundi njengabaqeqeshwayo nabancane abaqeqeshiwe. Kunzima kubafundi basenyuvesi noma abathweswe iziqu ukuthola umsebenzi ngoba badinga isipiliyoni, futhi awukwazi ukuthola isipiliyoni uma ungaqashwa—kuvele kubi. Ngakho-ke, sinikeze abafana ithuba lokuzibonakalisa, futhi manje basebenza ngempumelelo. Phakathi kwabafundi bethu abaqeqeshwayo kwakukhona umfana oyedwa - unjiniyela wokuklama efektri, kodwa owazi ukuhlela kancane nokusebenza ku-Linux. Yebo, wayengenawo amakhono apholile, kodwa amehlo akhe ayecwebezela. Kimi, into eyinhloko kubantu isimo sabo sengqondo, isifiso sokufunda nokuthuthukisa. Kithina, wonke umfundi uyisiqalo lapho sitshala khona isikhathi sethu nolwazi. Sinikeza wonke umuntu ithuba futhi sikulungele ukusiza, kodwa umfundi ngokwakhe kufanele azibophezele ngekusasa lakhe.
U-Lev Goncharov aka @ultral, unjiniyela oholayo, umvangeli wengqalasizinda wenza kabusha ngokuhlolwa: Cishe eminyakeni engu-2-3 edlule, ngathola umqondo wokuletha i-IaC kubantu abaningi futhi ngenza isifundo sangaphakathi ku-Ansible. Nalapho bekukhulunywa ngokuthi kuhlanganiswe kanjani izifundo ezihlukene ngombono owodwa. Kamuva, lokhu kwenezelwa isidingo sokwandisa ithimba lengqalasizinda kulo msebenzi. Ngemva kokubheka isipiliyoni esiyimpumelelo samaqembu angomakhelwane ekuthuthukiseni abaphothule eSikoleni se-Java, kwaba nzima ukwenqaba isicelo sika-Stas sokuhlela isikole se-DevOps. Ngenxa yalokho, kuphrojekthi yethu sihlanganise isidingo sochwepheshe ngemva kokukhululwa kokuqala.
- Yini oyidingayo ukuze ungene esikoleni?
U-Alexey Sharapov: Ukugqugquzelwa, uthando, ukunganaki okuncane. Sizoba nokuhlola okuncane njengokulawula okokufaka, kodwa ngokujwayelekile sidinga ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwezinhlelo ze-Linux, noma yiluphi ulimi lokuhlela futhi singasabi ikhonsoli yetheminali.
Lev Goncharov: Amakhono athile okusebenza kanzima ayatholwa. Okubalulekile wukuba nendlela yobunjiniyela yokuxazulula izinkinga. Ngeke kube yinto engafaneleki nhlobo ukwazi ulimi, ngoba unjiniyela we-DevOps, "njengendoda yeglue," kufanele acubungule imfashini, futhi lokhu, noma yini umuntu angakusho, kusho ukuxhumana futhi hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesiRashiya. Kodwa ulimi lungabuye luthuthukiswe ngezifundo ezingaphakathi enkampanini.
- Ukuqeqeshwa esikoleni se-DevOps kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili. Yini abangayifunda abalaleli ngalesi sikhathi?
U-Ilya Kutuzov, uthisha, umholi womphakathi we-DevOps eDeutsche Telekom IT Solutions: Manje sinikeza abafundi amakhono anzima kuphela abawadingayo emsebenzini:
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Izisekelo ze-DevOps
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Ikhithi yamathuluzi yokuthuthukisa
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Iziqukathi
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CI/CD
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Amafu ne-orchestration
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Ukuqapha
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Ukuphathwa kokuhlela
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Development
Izifundo esikoleni se-DevOps ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesikrini
- Kwenzekani ngemva kokuba umfundi ephumelele ohlelweni lwezifundo?
Umphumela walokhu kuqeqeshwa wukwethulwa kwephrojekthi yezifundo, ezohanjelwa amaphrojekthi anentshisekelo kwabathweswe iziqu. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuqeqeshwa, lowo othweswe iziqu uzokwazi inqwaba yobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa enkampanini yethu futhi uzokwazi ukuhlanganyela ngokushesha emisebenzini yephrojekthi yangempela. Ngemuva kokufingqa imiphumela yombukiso, kuzonikezwa imisebenzi kubafundi abahamba phambili!
- Stas, wake washo ukuthi ukuqasha ithimba lothisha kwakungelula. Ingabe kudingeke ukuba ulethe ochwepheshe bangaphandle balokhu?
UStanislav Salangin: Yebo, ekuqaleni kwakunzima kakhulu ukuhlanganisa iqembu futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuligcina, ungalivumeli lihlakazeke futhi liqhubeke nokuligqugquzela. Kodwa bonke othisha nabeluleki besikole bangabasebenzi bethu. Lawa ama-DevOps ahamba phambili kumaphrojekthi azi ukuthi amaphrojekthi ethu asebenza kanjani ngaphakathi futhi asekela ngobuqotho ibhizinisi labo nenkampani. Sibizwa ngokuthi isikole, hhayi i-academy noma izifundo, ngoba, njengasesikoleni sangempela, ukuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kukathisha nabafundi kubaluleke kakhulu kithi. Sihlela ukuhlela umphakathi wethu nabafundi - hhayi ingxoxo yeTelegram, kodwa umphakathi wabantu abanomqondo ofanayo abahlangana mathupha, basizane futhi bathuthuke.
Siphupha othisha nabeluleki. Sithemba ukuthi sizohlangana maduze futhi sithathe isithombe seqembu mathupha!
Wenzani esikoleni se-DevOps?
U-Ilya Kutuzov, uthisha, umholi womphakathi we-DevOps eDeutsche Telekom IT Solutions:
“Ngifundisa abafundi ukuthi bangawakha kanjani amapayipi ku-GitLab, ukwenza amathuluzi babe ngabangane nomunye nomunye, kanye nendlela yokubenza babe abangani ngaphandle kwakho.
Kungani isikole se-DevOps? Isifundo se-inthanethi asihlinzeki ngokucwiliswa ngokushesha futhi asihlinzeki ngamakhono asebenzayo ekusebenzeni ngobuchwepheshe. Noma yisiphi isikole esibonakalayo ngeke sikunikeze umuzwa wokuthi wazi ngempela ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingokoqobo futhi ungabhekana nenkinga yangempela kuphrojekthi. Lokho abafundi abahlangabezana nakho ngesikhathi befunda yilokho abazosebenzisana nakho kumaphrojekthi.”
U-Alexey Sharapov, umholi wezobuchwepheshe, inhloko kanye nomeluleki wesikole:
“Ngenza isiqiniseko sokuthi abafundi nabanye abaqeqeshi abaziphathe kabi. Ngisiza abafundi ukuxazulula izingxabano zobuchwepheshe nezenhlangano, ngisize abafundi ukuthi bazibone njengama-devops, futhi babeke isibonelo somuntu siqu. Ngifundisa izifundo ezifakazelwe nezipholile zokuthwala amabhokisi.”
U-Igor Renkas, Ph.D., umeluleki, umnikazi womkhiqizo:
“Ngifundisa abafundi esikoleni, ngiphinde ngisize uStanislav ekuhleleni nasekuthuthukiseni isikole. I-pancake yokuqala, ngokubona kwami, ayizange iphume i-lumpy futhi saqala ngempumelelo. Manje, yiqiniso, sisebenzela kulokho okungathuthukiswa esikoleni: sicabanga ngefomethi ye-modular, ukufundisa ngezigaba, sifuna ukufundisa hhayi kuphela amakhono anzima, kodwa futhi namakhono athambile esikhathini esizayo. Sasingenayo indlela eshaywe futhi singenazo izixazululo esezilungile. Sabheka othisha phakathi kozakwethu, sacabanga ngezinkulumo, iphrojekthi yezifundo, futhi sahlela yonke into kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa lena inselele yethu enkulu kanye nobuhle bonke besikole: silandela indlela yethu, senza esicabanga ukuthi kulungile nalokho okulungele abafundi bethu.”
U-Lev Goncharov aka @ultral, unjiniyela oholayo, umvangeli wengqalasizinda wenza kabusha ngokuhlolwa:
“Ngifundisa abafundi iConfiguration management nendlela yokuphila nayo. Ngeke kwanele ukufaka okuthile ku-git, kudingeka kube nokuguquguquka kwepharadigm ekucabangeni nasezindleleni. Leyo ngqalasizinda njengekhodi ayisho nje ukubhala ikhodi ethile, kodwa ukwenza isisombululo esisekelwe, esiqondakalayo. Uma sikhuluma ngobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ngikhuluma nge-Ansible futhi ngisho kafushane ukuthi ungayixhuma kanjani noJenkins, Packer, Terraform. ”
— Ozakwethu, ngiyabonga ngengxoxo! Uthini umlayezo wakho wokugcina kubafundi?
UStanislav Salangin: Asimemi kuphela onjiniyela abakhulu noma abafundi abancane ukuthi bazofunda nathi, hhayi abantu abazi isiJalimane noma isiNgisi kuphela - kuzoza konke. Kithina, into eyinhloko ukuvuleka, ukuzimisela ukusebenza ngokujulile, kanye nesifiso sokufunda nokuthuthukisa ku-DevOps.
I-DevOps iyindaba nje emayelana nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo. Uphawu lwe-DevOps luwuphawu olungapheli oluhlanganisa izingcezu ezihlukene: ukuhlolwa, ukuhlanganiswa, nokunye. Unjiniyela we-DevOps kufanele ahlale ebuka konke lokhu, ehlala efunda izinto ezintsha, athathe isikhundla futhi angangabazi ukubuza imibuzo ewubuphukuphuku.
Isikole se-DevOps siwumthombo ovulekile wephrojekthi. Lokhu sikwenzela umphakathi, sabelane ngolwazi, futhi sifuna ngobuqotho ukusiza abafana abanesifiso sokuthuthukisa i-DevOps. Manje enkampanini yethu yonke imigwaqo isivulekele onjiniyela abancane. Into eyinhloko ungesabi!
Source: www.habr.com