Sikhuluma kakhulu ngokuthi izikhungo zedatha zingawonga kanjani amandla ngokubeka imishini ehlakaniphile, isimo somoya esilungile, nokuphathwa kwamandla okumaphakathi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi ungawonga kanjani amandla ehhovisi.
Ngokungafani nezikhungo zedatha, ugesi emahhovisi awudingeki kuphela ngobuchwepheshe, kodwa nakubantu. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthola i-coefficient ye-PUE engu-1,5-2 lapha, njengasezikhungweni zedatha zanamuhla. Abantu badinga ukufudumeza, ukukhanyiswa, ukupholisa umoya, basebenzisa amahhavini ama-microwave, ukugibela amakheshi futhi bavule njalo umenzi wekhofi. Imishini ye-IT ngokwayo yenza i-10-20% kuphela yokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanti okunye kuthathwa yimishini edingwa ngumuntu.
Lokhu kuvame ukudala izinkinga, ngoba emadolobheni amaningi aseRussian Federation amandla amancane akhiqizwa kunalokho okudliwe. , ngo-2017, lesi simo sithuthukiswe ezifundeni ze-49 ze-Russian Federation, naphezu kokugunyazwa kwamandla angaphezu kuka-25 GW eminyakeni engu-5 edlule. Izikhungo ezinkulu zamahhovisi eMoscow nakwamanye ama-megacities ngokuvamile azikwazi ukunikeza umthamo omkhulu kumqashi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla akuhlali nje kuyindlela yokonga imali, kodwa futhi kuyinzuzo yokuncintisana, indlela yokuvumelana nezimo zesimanje.
Asikho isidingo sokushisa (nokupholisa) ihhovisi elingenalutho
Ngokwezibalo, okubiza kakhulu i-air conditioning. Amahhovisi adinga ukushisisa ebusika nokupholisa ehlobo. Ngakho-ke, ama-air conditioner kanye namadivayisi okushisa abiza ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo zonke izindleko zamandla. Nokho, ezinye izinto zokusebenza nokukhanyisa nazo zenza umnikelo omkhulu esilinganisweni sezindleko zanyanga zonke, okuthi, uma sifisa, singancishiswa ngamashumi amaphesenti.
Amayunithi okupholisa umoya nawokushisisa angase asebenze njalo, kodwa lokhu akunangqondo uma kungekho muntu ehhovisi, njengasebusuku noma ngezimpelasonto. Usebenzisa ama-thermostats ahlelekayo, ungakwazi ukuhlela ukuvula nokuvala imishini yokulawula isimo sezulu ngokweshejuli, ukuze izinga lokushisa lasehhovisi lifaneleke lapho abasebenzi befika emsebenzini, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo azikho izindleko ezingadingekile ngesikhathi abantu hhayi nje ezindaweni zabo zokusebenza.
Ukulawula iwindi kukusiza ukuthi wonge imali
Amafasitela amakhulu, ajwayelekile amahhovisi anamuhla, ayizimbangela eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa amandla. Ebusika, ukushisa kuphuma kubo, futhi ehlobo, umoya uyashisa, bese kufanele upholiswe. Ngakho-ke uma ukonga kukagesi kuyinto eza kuqala, kufanele kwenziwe okuthile mayelana namafasitela. Izinketho eziphumelela kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamafilimu akhethekile nezibuko ezigcina ukushisa (ezifundeni ezisenyakatho) futhi zingavumeli ilanga ukuba lishise umoya ngokungadingekile (ezifundeni eziseningizimu).
- Ukufakwa kwama-roller shutters nama-blind nge-othomathikhi drive. Ungakwazi ukuhlela ukuvalwa nokuvulwa kwamafasitela ngokusho kwe-timer, futhi kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya ehhovisi nangaphandle.
Ungasebenzisa amandla avela kumishini ye-IT ebusika
Ama-PC namaseva afakwe ngokuqondile endaweni yokusebenza awagcini nje ukudala umsindo omkhulu, kodwa futhi ashise umoya. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ekhompyutheni yesimanje cishe ku-100-200 W, futhi uma kukhona ngisho nabantu abangu-20 abasebenza ehhovisi, imishini yabo idala ukushisa okulingana ne-radiator kawoyela engu-2 kW.
Ngokubonakala kwedeskithophu kuya ngokuya kuvame namuhla, yonke imithwalo yemisebenzi ingafakwa egumbini leseva futhi abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuyifinyelela ngokusebenzisa amaklayenti amancane awonga amandla. Ngaphezu kokwandisa induduzo ehhovisi ehlobo, lokhu kuhamba kuvumela ukushisa okwengeziwe ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukucabangela uhlelo lwe-ventilation kanye nokubuyisela (ukudlulisa ukushisa) ukuze umoya ophuma ekamelweni leseva ushise indawo yehhovisi.
Ukukhanyisa okuhlakaniphile
Izindleko zokukhanyisa ziye zaba phansi kakhulu ngokufika kwamalambu e-LED. Ukulawula ukukhanyisa okuhlakaniphile kunciphisa izindleko.
Imojuli yokulawula ukukhanya enenzwa yokunyakaza
Isibonelo, ukushintshwa okunezinzwa ezinyakazayo nezikhanyayo kukuvumela ukuthi uvule izibani kuphela ezimweni lapho kunabantu emakamelweni, futhi ukukhanya komgwaqo okuvela emafasiteleni akwanele ukuze usebenze ngokunethezeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibani zesimanje ze-DALI zisekela ukufiphala okuhlakaniphile. Ngokusekelwe ekufundweni kwezinzwa, uhlelo lokulawula lukhanyisa izibani ngamandla adingekayo ukuze kutholwe izinga eliphezulu lokukhanya. Ngale ndlela, esimweni sezulu esikhanyayo esikhanyayo ehhovisi ngeke kube nezindleko nhlobo zokukhanya okufakelwayo, futhi kusihlwa izibani zizoqala ukukhanya.
Ukulungisa ugesi
Ukwenyuka kwamandla nokunye ukuphazamiseka kuyinto evamile kumagridi ethu kagesi. Ukuze kuvikelwe imishini ebucayi kubo, izihlungi ezisebenzayo zisetshenziswa. Izimpahla zamandla ezingaphazamiseki (i-UPS) zigcina okokusebenza okubalulekile kusebenza ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kukagesi.
I-Delta PCS Power Conditioning Unit
Umphumela omkhulu nakakhulu ungafinyelelwa ngokufaka isimo sikagesi. Isibonelo, amasistimu e-Delta PCS (Power Conditioning System) asebenzisa amabhethri ukunxephezela ukuphakama kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle kokudala umthwalo owengeziwe kugridi yamandla emaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basiza ukulwa nenkinga yamandla asebenzayo. Ngenxa yokungalingani kokusabalalisa komthwalo kumanethiwekhi kagesi (i-elevator ivuliwe, othile ehhovisi wenza ikhofi, owesifazane ohlanzayo usebenza ne-vacuum cleaner), ingxenye yamandla iqala ukusebenza, okuholela ekushiseni kwama-conductor nemishini. Izinga lokulahlekelwa kuleli cala lingahluka kusuka kumayunithi amaningana kuya ku-50% wamandla awusizo. Inkomba yamandla asebenzayo ikhula kakhulu njengoba inani lezinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa esakhiweni landa. Kulokhu, izixazululo zekilasi le-PCS zenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa izinga lamandla asebenzayo futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Ukuphathwa kwamandla okuphelele
Ukonga okukhulu kwamandla kungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olubanzi lokuqapha nokuphatha amandla. Isibonelo, izixazululo ze-Delta enteliWEB zikuvumela ukuthi uphathe izinhlelo zobunjiniyela bebhilidi noma ihhovisi usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu. Ungakwazi ukuxhuma ama-air conditioners, ama-heaters, izibani nezibani, kanye nemishini yasendlini - ngokuvamile, noma imaphi amadivaysi ane-interfaces evamile - ohlelweni lokulawula. Ungabese uqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwenethiwekhi yonke, uhlonze imithombo yokulayisha bese ulawula amadrayivu nama-relay ukuze uqinisekise ukunethezeka okuphezulu nokonga amandla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isixazululo esinjalo nje sethulwe embukisweni we-COMPUTEX 2019. I-cinema "eluhlaza" (isixhumanisi sokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini) inquma ngokuzimela ubukhona kanye nenani lezibukeli ehholo, futhi ilawula ukukhanya nokushayela kwamakhethini emafasiteleni, ukushintsha ukukhanya. ngaphambi kombukiso, phakathi nombukiso nangemva kokuphothulwa kwawo.
Isistimu yokulawula ye-Delta eneliWEB
Lapho udinga amandla engeziwe
Ngokuvamile, amagridi kagesi awakwazi ukunikeza inkampani amandla engeziwe noma izindleko zawo ziphezulu kakhulu. Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi amabhethri engeziwe namandla angaphazamiseki angasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulayisha okuphezulu. Amandla agciniwe azokwanela ukukhuphuka okufushane komthwalo. Isibonelo, kuboniswe ku Amasistimu ebhethri Esitoreji Amandla Ebhethri athuthukiswa ngokukhethekile ukuxazulula izinkinga ezinjalo.
Iziguquli ezintsha ze-Delta PV
Nokho, akekho ongakhansela amandla βaluhlazaβ angatholakala elangeni nasemoyeni. Amaphaneli elanga anamuhla, asebenza kahle kakhulu anganikeza ama-kilowatts amaningana engeziwe, futhi i-Delta PV inverter M70A ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amandla atholwe elangeni, kuyilapho izinga lokusebenza kahle lingu-98,7%. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, i-inverter ihlanganisa nezinhlelo zokuqapha ukukhiqizwa kukagesi okusekelwe ngamafu.
Source: www.habr.com