Lokhu ukuqhubeka kwendaba ende mayelana nendlela yethu enameva yokudala uhlelo olunamandla, olunomthwalo omkhulu oluqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-Exchange. Ingxenye yokuqala nansi:
Iphutha elingaqondakali
Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningi, kwaqala ukusebenza uhlelo olusha lokuhweba nokususa, futhi sasibhekene nephutha esasingabhala ngalo indaba engaqondakali yomphenyi.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa kuseva eyinhloko, okunye okwenziwayo kucutshungulwe ngephutha. Nokho, yonke into yayihamba kahle kuseva eyisipele. Kwavela ukuthi ukusebenza okulula kwezibalo zokubala i-exponent kuseva eyinhloko kunikeza umphumela ongemuhle ovela kungxabano yangempela! Siqhubekile nocwaningo lwethu, futhi kurejista ye-SSE2 sithole umehluko endaweni eyodwa, enesibopho sokuhlanganisa lapho sisebenza ngezinombolo zamaphuzu antantayo.
Sibhale insiza elula yokuhlola ukubala i-eksponenti ngesethi yebhithi ezungezayo. Kuvele ukuthi enguqulweni ye-RedHat Linux esiyisebenzisile, kube nephutha ekusebenzeni nomsebenzi wezibalo lapho kufakwa i-ill-fated bit. Sibike lokhu kwaRedHat, ngemuva kwesikhashana sathola isiqeshana esivela kubo futhi sasikhipha. Iphutha alibange lisavela, kodwa bekungacaci ukuthi le ntwana iqhamukaphi? Umsebenzi wawunesibopho sakho fesetround kusukela olimini luka-C. Sihlaziye ngokucophelela ikhodi yethu ukuze sifune iphutha okuthiwa likhona: sihlole zonke izimo ezingaba khona; wabheka yonke imisebenzi esebenzisa ukuzungeza; wazama ukukhiqiza kabusha iseshini ehlulekile; sebenzisa abahlanganisi abahlukene abanezinketho ezahlukene; Kusetshenziswe ukuhlaziya okuqinile nokuguquguqukayo.
Imbangela yephutha ayitholakalanga.
Base beqala ukuhlola i-hardware: benza ukuhlolwa komthwalo wamaprosesa; kuhlolwe i-RAM; Saze saqhuba nokuhlola isimo esingalindelekile sephutha lamabhithi amaningi kuseli eyodwa. Kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.
Ekugcineni, sazinza ngethiyori evela emhlabeni we-physics yamandla aphezulu: izinhlayiyana ezithile zamandla aphezulu zandizela esikhungweni sethu sedatha, zabhoboza udonga lwekesi, zashaya iphrosesa futhi zabangela ukuthi i-trigger latch ibambelele kuleyo ncitshana. Lo mbono ongenangqondo wawubizwa ngokuthi βi-neutrino.β Uma ukude ne-particle physics: ama-neutrino cishe awahlangani nomhlaba wangaphandle, futhi ngokuqinisekile awakwazi ukuphazamisa ukusebenza komprosesa.
Njengoba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthola imbangela yokwehluleka, iseva "ecasulayo" yasuswa ekusebenzeni uma kwenzeka.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, saqala ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokulondoloza olushisayo: sethula lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "izindawo zokugcina ezifudumele" (ezifudumele) - ama-replicas asynchronous. Bathole uchungechunge lwemisebenzi engatholakala ezikhungweni zedatha ezihlukene, kodwa ama-warms awazange ahlanganyele ngokusebenzayo namanye amaseva.
Kungani lokhu kwenziwa? Uma iseva eyisipele yehluleka, ukufudumala okuboshelwe kuseva enkulu kuba ikhophi yasenqolobaneni entsha. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kokwehluleka, isistimu ayihlali neseva eyodwa eyinhloko kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuhweba.
Futhi lapho inguqulo entsha yesistimu ihlolwa futhi iqala ukusebenza, iphutha lebhithi ezungezayo lenzekile futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwanda kwenani lamaseva afudumele, iphutha laqala ukuvela kaningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umdayisi akazange abonise lutho, ngoba babungekho ubufakazi obuphathekayo.
Phakathi nokuhlaziywa okulandelayo kwesimo, kwavela inkolelo-mbono yokuthi inkinga ingase ihlobane ne-OS. Sibhale uhlelo olulula olubiza umsebenzi ngeluphu engapheli fesetround, ikhumbula isimo samanje futhi isihlole ngokulala, futhi lokhu kwenziwa emiculweni eminingi eqhudelanayo. Ngemva kokukhetha imingcele yokulala kanye nenani lezintambo, siqale ukukhiqiza ukwehluleka kancane ngemva kwemizuzu emi-5 yokusebenzisa insiza. Kodwa-ke, ukusekelwa kwe-Red Hat akukwazanga ukuphinda kwenziwe kabusha. Ukuhlolwa kwamanye amaseva ethu kubonise ukuthi yilawo kuphela anamaphrosesa athile asengozini yephutha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushintshela ku-kernel entsha kuxazulule inkinga. Ekugcineni, sivele sashintsha i-OS, futhi imbangela yangempela yesiphazamisi ayizange icace.
Futhi kungazelelwe ngonyaka owedlule kwashicilelwa indatshana kuHabrΓ© β" Isimo esichazwe kuyo sasifana kakhulu nesethu, kodwa umbhali waqhubekisela phambili uphenyo futhi wabeka umbono wokuthi iphutha liku-microcode. Futhi lapho i-Linux kernels ibuyekezwa, abakhiqizi babuye babuyekeze i-microcode.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kohlelo
Nakuba silisusile iphutha, le ndaba isiphoqe ukuthi sicabange kabusha ukwakheka kwesistimu. Phela, asizange sivikeleke ekuphindaphindweni kwezimbungulu ezinjalo.
Izimiso ezilandelayo zakha isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa okulandelayo kwesistimu yokubhuka:
- Awukwazi ukwethemba muntu. Iziphakeli zingase zingasebenzi kahle.
- Ukubhuka okuningi.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana. Njengesengezo esinengqondo ekubhukheni okuningi.
- Ukwehluleka okuphindwe kabili kungenzeka.
- Ubungqabavu. Isikimu esisha sokulinda esishisayo akufanele sibe sibi kakhulu kunesangaphambilini. Ukuhweba kufanele kuqhubeke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kuze kufike iseva yokugcina.
- Ukwenyuka kancane kokubambezeleka. Noma yisiphi isikhathi sokuphumula sihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ngokwezimali.
- Ukusebenzisana kwenethiwekhi okuncane ukugcina ukubambezeleka kuphansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukukhetha iseva eyinhloko entsha ngemizuzwana.
Azikho izixazululo ezitholakala emakethe ezisifanele, futhi i-Raft protocol yayisencane, ngakho-ke sakha isixazululo sethu.
Inethiwekhi
Ngokungeziwe ohlelweni lokubhuka, siqale ukwenza ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kube okwakamuva. Isistimu engaphansi ye-I/O ibiqukethe izinqubo eziningi, ezibe nomthelela omubi kakhulu ku-jitter nokubambezeleka. Ngamakhulu ezinqubo zokuphatha ukuxhumana kwe-TCP, saphoqeleka ukuthi sihlale sishintsha phakathi kwakho, futhi esikalini se-microsecond lokhu kuwumsebenzi odla isikhathi. Kodwa ingxenye embi kakhulu ukuthi lapho inqubo ithola iphakethe ukuze icutshungulwe, ilithumele kulayini owodwa weSystemV bese ilinda umcimbi ovela komunye ulayini weSystemV. Kodwa-ke, uma kunenombolo enkulu yama-node, ukufika kwephakethe le-TCP elisha kunqubo eyodwa kanye nokutholwa kwedatha emgqeni kwenye kumelela imicimbi emibili eqhudelanayo ye-OS. Kulokhu, uma kungekho amaphrosesa aphathekayo atholakalayo kuyo yomibili imisebenzi, eyodwa izocutshungulwa, futhi eyesibili izofakwa kulayini wokulinda. Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela imiphumela.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukulawula okubalulekile kwenqubo eguquguqukayo kungasetshenziswa, kodwa lokhu kuzodinga ukusetshenziswa kwezingcingo zesistimu ezidinga izinsiza. Njengomphumela, sishintshele kuchungechunge olulodwa sisebenzisa i-epoll yakudala, lokhu kwandise kakhulu isivinini futhi kwanciphisa isikhathi sokucubungula umsebenzi. Siphinde salahla izinqubo ezihlukene zokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi nokuxhumana nge-SystemV, sanciphisa kakhulu inani lezingcingo zesistimu futhi saqala ukulawula izinto eziza kuqala ekusebenzeni. Kusistimu engaphansi ye-I/O iyodwa, bekungenzeka ukonga cishe ama-microseconds angu-8-17, kuye ngesimo. Lolu hlelo olunochungechunge olulodwa lusetshenziswe lungashintshiwe kusukela lapho; intambo eyodwa ye-epoll enomugqa yanele ukusevisa konke ukuxhumana.
Ukucutshungulwa kokwenziwayo
Umthwalo okhulayo kusistimu yethu ubudinga ukuthuthukiswa cishe kwazo zonke izingxenye zayo. Kodwa, ngeshwa, ukuqina ekukhuleni kwesivinini sewashi lokucubungula eminyakeni yamuva akusakwenzanga ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukukala izinqubo ngqo. Ngakho-ke, sinqume ukuhlukanisa inqubo yeNjini ibe ngamaleveli amathathu, okumatasa kakhulu kuwo uhlelo lokuhlola ubungozi, oluhlola ukutholakala kwezimali kuma-akhawunti futhi luzidalela ukuthengiselana ngokwalo. Kodwa imali ingaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemali, futhi kwakudingeka ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi isisekelo ukucubungula izicelo okufanele kuhlukaniswe.
Isixazululo esinengqondo ukuwuhlukanisa ngemali: iseva eyodwa ihweba ngamadola, enye ngamaphawundi, kanti ingxenye yesithathu ngama-euro. Kodwa uma, ngohlelo olunjalo, ukuthengiselana okubili kuthunyelwa ukuthenga izimali ezihlukene, khona-ke inkinga yokukhishwa kwesikhwama semali izovela. Kodwa ukuvumelanisa kunzima futhi kuyabiza. Ngakho-ke, kungaba okulungile ukuhlukanisa ngokwehlukana ngama-wallet futhi ngokwehlukana ngamathuluzi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhwebelana okuningi kwaseNtshonalanga akunawo umsebenzi wokuhlola ubungozi njengoba senza, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile lokhu kwenziwa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Besidinga ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwe-inthanethi.
Ake sichaze ngesibonelo. Umhwebi ufuna ukuthenga i-$ 30, futhi isicelo siya ekuqinisekiseni ukuthengiselana: sihlola ukuthi lo mhwebi uvunyelwe yini kule modi yokuhweba nokuthi unamalungelo adingekayo. Uma konke kuhlelekile, isicelo siya ohlelweni lokuqinisekisa ubungozi, i.e. ukuhlola ukwanela kwezimali ukuphothula umsebenzi. Kukhona inothi lokuthi inani elidingekayo livinjiwe okwamanje. Isicelo sibe sesidluliselwa ohlelweni lokuhweba, olugunyaza noma olungakuvumeli lokho okwenziwayo. Ake sithi ukuthengiselana kuvunyelwe - khona-ke uhlelo lokuqinisekisa ubungozi lubonisa ukuthi imali ivuliwe, futhi ama-ruble aphenduka amadola.
Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lokuhlola ubungozi luqukethe ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi futhi lenza izibalo eziningi kakhulu zezinsiza, futhi alimane lihlole "ibhalansi ye-akhawunti", njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.
Lapho siqala ukuhlukanisa inqubo yeNjini ngamaleveli, sihlangabezane nenkinga: ikhodi eyayitholakala ngaleso sikhathi yasebenzisa idatha efanayo efanayo ezigabeni zokuqinisekisa nokuqinisekisa, okwakudinga ukuthi kubhalwe kabusha yonke isisekelo sekhodi. Ngenxa yalokho, siboleke inqubo yokucubungula imiyalelo evela kumaprosesa anamuhla: ngayinye yazo ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezincane futhi izenzo eziningana zenziwa ngokuhambisana emjikelezweni owodwa.
Ngemuva kokuguqulwa okuncane kwekhodi, sakha ipayipi lokucubungula ukuthengiselana okufanayo, lapho ukuthengiselana kwahlukaniswa khona ngezigaba ezi-4 zepayipi: ukusebenzisana kwenethiwekhi, ukuqinisekiswa, ukwenziwa nokushicilelwa komphumela.
Ake sibheke isibonelo. Sinezinhlelo ezimbili zokucubungula, i-serial kanye ne-parallel. Umsebenzi wokuqala uyafika futhi uthunyelwa ukuze uqinisekiswe kuwo womabili amasistimu. Ukuthengiselana kwesibili kufika ngokushesha: ohlelweni oluhambisanayo kuthathwa ngokushesha ukuze kusebenze, futhi ohlelweni olulandelanayo lufakwa emgqeni olindele ukuthengiselana kokuqala ukuze kudlule isigaba sokucubungula samanje. Okusho ukuthi, inzuzo enkulu yokucubungula ipayipi ukuthi sicubungula ulayini wokwenziwe ngokushesha.
Lena yindlela esiqhamuke ngayo nesistimu ye-ASTS+.
Yiqiniso, akuzona zonke izinto ezibushelelezi kakhulu ngama-conveyors. Ake sithi sinomsebenzi othinta uhlu lwedatha kumsebenzi ongumakhelwane; lesi isimo esijwayelekile sokushintshisana. Umsebenzi onjalo awukwazi ukwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo ngoba ungase uthinte abanye. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ingozi yedatha, futhi ukuthengiselana okunjalo kumane kucutshungulwe ngokwehlukana: lapho ukuthengiselana "okusheshayo" kulayini kuphelelwa, ipayipi liyama, isistimu icubungula umsebenzi "ohamba kancane", bese iqala ipayipi futhi. Ngenhlanhla, ingxenye yemisebenzi enjalo kukho konke ukugeleza incane kakhulu, ngakho ipayipi liyama kuyaqabukela lingathinti ukusebenza kukonke.
Sabe sesiqala ukuxazulula inkinga yokuvumelanisa imicu emithathu yokubulawa. Umphumela waba isistimu esekelwe kusigcina sendandatho esinamaseli anosayizi ongashintshi. Kulolu hlelo, yonke into ingaphansi kwesivinini sokucubungula; idatha ayikopishwa.
- Wonke amaphakethe enethiwekhi angenayo angena esigabeni sokwabiwa.
- Siwabeka ohlwini futhi siwamaka njengatholakala esiteji #1.
- Umsebenzi wesibili usufikile, usuyatholakala futhi esiteji No.
- Intambo yokuqala yokucubungula ibona okwenziwayo okutholakalayo, ikucubungule, futhi ikuyise esigabeni esilandelayo sentambo yesibili yokucubungula.
- Ibese icubungula okwenziwayo kokuqala bese ihlaba umkhosi iseli elihambisanayo
deleted- manje isiyatholakala ukuze isetshenziswe okusha.
Wonke ulayini ucutshungulwa ngale ndlela.
Ukucutshungulwa kwesiteji ngasinye kuthatha amayunithi noma amashumi amasekhondi amancane. Futhi uma sisebenzisa izikimu zokuvumelanisa ze-OS ezijwayelekile, sizobe sesilahlekelwa isikhathi esiningi ekuvumelaniseni ngokwakho. Yingakho siqale ukusebenzisa i-spinlock. Kodwa-ke, leli yifomu elibi kakhulu ohlelweni lwesikhathi sangempela, futhi i-RedHat ayikukhuthazi ukwenza lokhu, ngakho-ke sisebenzisa i-spinlock ye-100 ms, bese sishintshela kumodi ye-semaphore ukuze kuqedwe ukuthi kungenzeka kube ne-deadlock.
Ngenxa yalokho, sizuze ukusebenza cishe kwezigidi ezingu-8 ngomzuzwana. Futhi ngokoqobo ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili ku mayelana ne-LMAX Disruptor sibone incazelo yesekethe enomsebenzi ofanayo.
Manje kungase kube nemicu eminingana yokubulawa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Konke ukuthengiselana kwacutshungulwa ngakunye, ngokulandelana okumukelwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza okuphezulu kukhuphuke kusuka ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-18 kuya kweziyinkulungwane ezingama-50 ngomzuzwana.
Uhlelo lokuphatha ubungozi bokuhwebelana
Akukho mkhawulo ekupheleleni, futhi ngokushesha saqala ukwenza isimanje futhi: ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-ASTS+, saqala ukuhambisa izinhlelo zokulawula ubungozi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxazulula zibe izingxenye ezizimele. Sakhe isakhiwo sesimanje esivumelana nezimo kanye nemodeli entsha yengcuphe yezinga eliphezulu, futhi sazama ukusebenzisa ikilasi lapho kungenzeka khona. fixed_point esikhundleni salokho double.
Kodwa kwavela inkinga ngokushesha: indlela yokuvumelanisa yonke i-logic yebhizinisi eye yasebenza iminyaka eminingi futhi iyidlulisela ohlelweni olusha? Ngenxa yalokho, inguqulo yokuqala ye-prototype yesistimu entsha kwadingeka iyekwe. Inguqulo yesibili, okwamanje esebenza ekukhiqizeni, isekelwe kukhodi efanayo, esebenza kuzo zombili izingxenye zokuhweba kanye nezingozi. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, into enzima kakhulu ukuyenza kwakuwukuhlanganisa i-git phakathi kwezinguqulo ezimbili. Uzakwethu u-Evgeniy Mazurenok wenza lokhu kuhlinzwa masonto onke futhi isikhathi ngasinye wayethuka isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Lapho sikhetha uhlelo olusha, kwakudingeka sixazulule ngokushesha inkinga yokusebenzisana. Lapho ukhetha ibhasi ledatha, bekudingeka ukuqinisekisa i-jitter ezinzile kanye nokubambezeleka okuncane. Inethiwekhi ye-InfiniBand RDMA ibifaneleka kangcono kulokhu: isikhathi sokucubungula esimaphakathi singaphansi izikhathi ezi-4 kunamanethiwekhi angu-10 G Ethernet. Kodwa okwasithakasela kakhulu umehluko wamaphesenti - 99 kanye no-99,9.
Yebo, i-InfiniBand inezinselelo zayo. Okokuqala, i-API ehlukile - ibverbs esikhundleni samasokhethi. Okwesibili, cishe azikho izixazululo zemiyalezo yomthombo ovulekile ezitholakala kabanzi. Sizamile ukwenza i-prototype yethu, kodwa kwaba nzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke sakhetha isixazululo sezentengiso - I-Confinity Low Latency Messaging (ngaphambili eyayiyi-IBM MQ LLM).
Khona-ke umsebenzi wokuhlukanisa kahle uhlelo lobungozi wavela. Uma ususa i-Risk Engine futhi ungadali i-node emaphakathi, khona-ke ukuthengiselana okuvela emithonjeni emibili kungaxutshwa.
Izixazululo ezibizwa nge-Ultra Low Latency zinemodi yokuhlela kabusha: okwenziwayo okuvela emithonjeni emibili kungahlelwa ngendlela edingekayo lapho kutholwa; lokhu kusetshenziswa kusetshenziswa isiteshi esihlukile sokushintshana ngolwazi mayelana ne-oda. Kodwa asikayisebenzisi le modi: ihlanganisa yonke inqubo, futhi ngenani lezixazululo ayisekelwe nhlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwenziwayo ngakunye kuzodingeka kunikezwe izitembu zesikhathi ezihambisanayo, futhi ohlelweni lwethu lo mshini unzima kakhulu ukuwusebenzisa ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke, sisebenzise isikimu sakudala esinomthengisi womlayezo, okungukuthi, nge-dispatcher esabalalisa imilayezo phakathi kwe-Risk Engine.
Inkinga yesibili yayihlobene nokufinyelela kweklayenti: uma kukhona Izindlela Zobungozi eziningana, iklayenti lidinga ukuxhuma ngayinye yazo, futhi lokhu kuzodinga izinguquko kungqimba lweklayenti. Besifuna ukuqhela kulokhu njengamanje, ngakho umklamo wamanje we-Risk Gateway ucubungula yonke ukusakaza kwedatha. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umkhawulo wokuphuma, kodwa kwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu kube lula.
Ukuphindaphinda
Isistimu yethu akufanele ibe nephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka, okungukuthi, zonke izingxenye kufanele ziphindwe, kuhlanganise nomthengisi womlayezo. Sixazulule le nkinga sisebenzisa uhlelo lwe-CLLM: luqukethe iqoqo le-RCMS lapho ama-dispatchers amabili angasebenza kumodi ye-master-slave, futhi uma eyodwa ihluleka, isistimu ishintshela kwenye.
Ukusebenza nesikhungo sedatha eyisipele
I-InfiniBand ilungiselelwe ukusebenza njengenethiwekhi yendawo, okungukuthi, ukuxhuma okokusebenza kwe-rack-mount, futhi inethiwekhi ye-InfiniBand ayikwazi ukubekwa phakathi kwezikhungo zedatha ezimbili ezisatshalaliswe ngokwendawo. Ngakho-ke, sisebenzise ibhuloho/isikhiphi, esixhuma kwisitoreji somlayezo ngamanethiwekhi avamile e-Ethernet futhi sidlulisele konke ukuthengiselana kunethiwekhi yesibili ye-IB. Uma sidinga ukufuduka sisuka esikhungweni sedatha, singakhetha ukuthi yisiphi isikhungo sedatha esingasebenza naso manje.
Imiphumela
Konke lokhu okungenhla akwenziwanga ngesikhathi esisodwa; kuthathe iziphindaphindo ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa i-architecture entsha. Sidale i-prototype ngenyanga, kodwa kuthathe iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili ukuyifaka esimweni sokusebenza. Sizame ukuzuza ukuvumelana okungcono kakhulu phakathi kokwandisa isikhathi sokucubungula umsebenzi nokukhulisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu.
Njengoba isistimu ibuyekezwe kakhulu, sisebenzise ukutholwa kwedatha emithonjeni emibili ezimele. Uma isitolo semiyalezo singasebenzi kahle ngesizathu esithile, ungathatha ilogu yokwenziwayo emthonjeni wesibili - ku-Risk Engine. Lesi simiso sibhekwa kulo lonke uhlelo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, sikwazile ukulondoloza i-API yeklayenti ukuze kungabi nabathengi nanoma ubani omunye ongadinga ukusetshenzwa kabusha okubalulekile kwesakhiwo esisha. Kwakudingeka sishintshe ezinye izixhumi ezibonakalayo, kodwa sasingekho isidingo sokwenza izinguquko eziphawulekayo kumodeli yokusebenza.
Sibize inguqulo yamanje yesikhulumi sethu i-Rebus - njengesifinyezo sezinto ezimbili ezintsha eziphawuleka kakhulu ezakhiweni, I-Risk Engine kanye ne-BUS.
Ekuqaleni, besifuna ukwaba ingxenye yokuhlanza kuphela, kodwa umphumela waba uhlelo olukhulu olusabalalisiwe. Amaklayenti manje angasebenzisana ne-Trade Gateway, i-Clearing Gateway, noma kokubili.
Esikuzuzile ekugcineni:
Yehliswe ileveli yokubambezeleka. Ngomthamo omncane wokuthengiselana, uhlelo lusebenza ngendlela efanayo nenguqulo yangaphambilini, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ingakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo ophakeme kakhulu.
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kukhuphuke kusuka ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50 kuya kweziyinkulungwane ezingama-180 ngomzuzwana. Ukwenyuka okwengeziwe kuphazanyiswa ukuphela kokulandelana kokuhleleka okufanayo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthuthukisa okwengeziwe: ukufanisa ukufanisa nokushintsha indlela esebenza ngayo ne-Gateway. Manje wonke ama-Gateways asebenza ngokohlelo lokuphindaphinda, okuthi, ngaphansi komthwalo onjalo, ayeke ukusebenza ngendlela evamile.
Ekugcineni, nginganikeza izeluleko kulabo abaphothula amasistimu ebhizinisi:
- Zilungiselele okubi kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinkinga zihlala ziphakama ngokungalindelekile.
- Ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukwenza kabusha izakhiwo ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukuzuza ukwethembeka okuphezulu kuzo zonke izinkomba eziningi. Lapho amanodi engeziwe, kudingeka izinsiza ezengeziwe zosekelo.
- Zonke izixazululo zangokwezifiso nezobunikazi zizodinga izinsiza ezengeziwe zocwaningo, ukusekelwa nokugcinwa.
- Ungakuhlehlisi ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuthembeka kwesistimu nokululama ngemva kokwehluleka; zicabangele esigabeni sokuqala sokuklama.
Source: www.habr.com