Lena ingxenye yesibili neyokugcina mayelana nokusuka ekugadweni kwevidiyo ye-analogue kuya kwedijithali. Ingxenye yokuqala iyatholakala . Ngalesi sikhathi sizokhuluma ngokushintsha kusuka ohlelweni olulodwa kuya kwesinye futhi sinikeze izici zokuqhathanisa. Awu, ake siqale.
Sakha isethi entsha yokubhekwa kwevidiyo.
Uhlaka olungenhla lubonisa isistimu yokugada ividiyo eseyenziwe ngomumo enamakhamera we-IP. Kodwa ake siqale ngokulandelana. Isistimu ye-analog ihlanganisa, okungenani:
- ikhamera
- I-DVR
Njengobuningi:
- Ikhamela
- Isiqophi Isiqophi
- Iphaneli yokulawula yekhamera ye-PTZ
- Isikrini sokubuka izithombe
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi uhlelo lokugada amavidiyo edijithali luhluka kanjani.
Ikhithi encane:
- Ikhamera ye-IP
- Shintsha (i-PoE noma evamile)
Isethi enkulu:
- Ikhamera ye-IP
- Shintsha (i-PoE noma evamile)
- Isiqophi Isiqophi
- Iphaneli yokulawula yekhamera ye-PTZ
- Isikrini sokubuka izithombe
Njengoba ubona, umehluko akukhona nje ukuthi amakhamera e-analog axhunywe ngqo ku-DVR, kodwa amakhamera we-IP adinga ukushintshwa. Ikhamera ye-IP ngokwayo ingathumela ividiyo kunoma iyiphi iseva (i-NAS yendawo noma i-FTP ekude) noma igcine ividiyo ku-flash drive. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwengeza inkinobho ye-PoE nakho kwenza umsebenzi ube lula kakhulu, ngoba lapho ufaka inqwaba yamakhamera endaweni ekude nerekhoda, awudingi ukudonsa intambo kukhamera ngayinye, kodwa kunalokho vele udonse umugqa owodwa ukusuka. ukushintshwa.
Izinhlobo zamakhamera
Umsebenzi ngamunye unethuluzi lawo. Sizobheka izinhlobo eziyinhloko nezindawo zazo zokufaka isicelo. Kufanele kushiwo ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi sizobe sichaza amakhamera asemgwaqweni asetshenziselwa imisebenzi ejwayelekile. Kukhona ukuhlukahluka nama-subtypes, kodwa kunezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-3 kuphela zamakhamera.
I-Cylindrical
Ikhamera yomgwaqo eyisilinda yakudala. Umzimba uvame ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki eqinile noma insimbi enesiphambano esiyindilinga noma esingunxande. Wonke ama-optics nama-electronics afakwe ngaphakathi. Ilensi ingaba yi-varifocal noma ingabi namandla okusondeza futhi ilungise ukucijile. Inketho elula futhi evame kakhulu. Kulula ukufaka nokulungisa. Izinguquko eziningi ezinezici ezihlukile. Isethe kanye bese uyikhohlwa.
Dome
Amakhamera anjalo avame ukutholakala endlini ngoba indawo esetshenziswa kakhulu yokufaka uphahla. Bathatha indawo encane kakhulu. Kulula ukusetha. Wonke ama-electronics, ilensi kanye nenzwa kufakwe kuyunithi eyodwa. Isethe kanye bese uyikhohlwa. Kukhona ukuguqulwa ngombhobho owakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nesipikha sangaphandle sokuxhumana nento ebhekiwe.
Swivel noma dome swivel
Inzuzo enkulu yalawa makhamera yikhono lokuphena nokusondeza isithombe. Ikhamera eyodwa enjalo ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole indawo enkulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ingasebenza ngokohlelo (sondeze into engu-1, jikela entweni engu-2, uhlole yonke indawo, usondeze into engu-3) noma ngomyalo womqhubi. Athi ukumba eqolo, kodwa awanayo imibimbi yamakhamera amabili angaphambilini - ukulungisa kabusha into yokubuka, asikho isidingo sokuba khona ngokomzimba eduze kwekhamera.
Njengoba into ebhekwayo kuyindlu, kungasetshenziswa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwekhamera. Ukuze uhlelo luhambisane nesabelomali, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo luhlangabezane nezidingo zekhwalithi yesithombe, kwanqunywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinhlobo ezimbili zamakhamera: i-cylindrical - yokuhlola i-perimeter ne-dome - yokuqapha umnyango wangaphambili nendawo yokupaka. .
Ukukhetha ikhamera
Isisekelo sohlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo kwakuwumkhiqizo omusha emakethe yaseRussia - ikhamera . Le khamera, naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuhlangene, inezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle:
- ububanzi bokushisa okusebenzayo: kusuka ku -30 kuya ku-+60
- Ukuvikelwa okugcwele komswakama nothuli (IP66)
- Ukusekelwa kwesixazululo se-FullHD (1920*1080)
- Isekela ukudluliselwa nge-Wi-Fi noma i-Ethernet
- Ukusekelwa kwamandla we-PoE (kuphela ezinguqulweni ezingenayo i-Wi-Fi)
- H.264 codec ukwesekwa
- Ikhono lokurekhoda le-MicroSD
- Ikhono lokusebenza ngefu noma nge-DVR yendawo
Ukulinganisa ubukhulu bekhamera (176 x 84 x 70 mm), ngibeke ibhethri le-AA eduze kwayo. Uma unesithakazelo ekubuyekezweni okuningiliziwe kwale khamera noma ukuqhathanisa nemodeli encane ye-C3C, bhala kumazwana futhi ngizoyibeka esihlokweni esihlukile.
Ukuze uqhathanise nekhamera ye-analog efakwe ngaphambili, amafreyimu amaningana athathwe.
Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi ikhamera ifakwe ama-IR LEDs kanye nobuchwepheshe besinxephezelo esilula, ngakho-ke ingasebenza ebumnyameni obuphelele noma ngokukhanya okuseceleni okuvela enyangeni ekhanyayo, iqhwa, noma ukukhanya. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisile, into ibonakala ebangeni elingamamitha angu-20-25 ebumnyameni obuphelele futhi ibonakala ngokucacile kusukela ebangeni lamamitha angu-10. Ikhamera isekela i-High Digital Range (HDR) ne-120 dB. Ake sengeze kulokhu ukuthi ikhamera ingasebenza ngokuzimele ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwe-DVR, ukurekhoda yonke ividiyo ku-flash drive, futhi ukufinyelela ikhamera kungenzeka ngohlelo lokusebenza ku-smartphone. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu awudingi ngisho ne-IP emhlophe - vele unikeze ikhamera ngokufinyelela ku-inthanethi.
Iyini i-WDR noma i-HDRI-WDR (Wide Dynamic Range) ubuchwepheshe obukuvumela ukuthi uthole izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu kunoma yimuphi umehluko kumazinga okukhanya.
Elinye igama i-HDR noma βububanzi obuguquguqukayo obuphezuluβ. Uma izindawo ezinomehluko omkhulu kumazinga okukhanya zifakwa kanyekanye kufreyimu, ikhamera yevidiyo evamile ibala ukuchayeka ukuze imboze ukuhleleka okuphezulu kokukhanya. Uma ikhamera yehlisa inani lokukhanya ukuze ilungiselele okuvelele, zonke izindawo ethunzini zizoba mnyama kakhulu futhi, ngokuphambene, lapho ilungisa izindawo ezinamaleveli okukhanya aphansi, okuvelele kuzoguguleka kakhulu. I-WDR ikalwa ngama-decibel (dB).
Kukhethwe ikhamera yedome ukuqapha indlela yokungena nendawo yokupaka ngaphambi kwendlu . Inebanga elifushane lokubuka eliphumelelayo ebumnyameni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isekela ukulungiswa kuze kufike ku-FullHD futhi ibekwe kahle ku-facade yesakhiwo, ngaphandle kokudonsa ukunaka okukhulu. Inzuzo yekhamera ukuthi ifakwe imakrofoni futhi ikuvumela ukuthi urekhode ividiyo ngomsindo, okubaluleke kakhulu ukurekhoda izingxoxo lapho othile engqongqoza emnyango. Ikhamera inikwa amandla nge-PoE kuphela, ingarekhoda ekhadini le-microSD elifakiwe futhi ifakwe isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu lapho ungakwazi ukuqapha okwenzekayo. Esinye isici esithokozisayo iklayenti le-SIP. Ungakwazi ukuxhuma ikhamera kumhlinzeki wefoni noma iseva yakho ye-VoIP, futhi phezu komcimbi othile (ukunyakaza komsindo kuhlaka), ikhamera izodayela obhalisile odingekayo bese iqala ukusakaza umsindo nesithombe.
- Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo: -40 kuya +60
- Ingangeni manzi ngokugcwele futhi ingangenisi uthuli (IP67)
- Ukusekelwa kwesixazululo se-FullHD (1920*1080)
- Ukwesekwa kokudluliselwa kwe-Ethernet
- Ukusekelwa kwe-PoE
- Usekelo lwekhodekhi ye-H.264 ne-H.265
- Ikhono lokurekhoda le-MicroSD
- Ukutholakala kwemakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi
- Iseva yewebhu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi
- Iklayenti le-SIP elakhelwe ngaphakathi
Enye ikhamera yafakwa ngaphansi kwe-canopy ukuze ibuke yonke indawo enomgwaqo ongenela. Kulokhu, bekunezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zekhwalithi yesithombe, ngakho-ke ikhamera yakhethwa . Iyakwazi ukuletha ukusakaza okungu-3 ngekhwalithi yesithombe se-FullHD futhi ingenza amakholi nge-SIP uma kunomnyakazo endaweni ethile. Inikwa amandla yi-PoE futhi isebenza kahle ngokuxhopha nokukhanya okusemaceleni.
- Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo: -40 kuya +60
- Ingangeni manzi ngokugcwele futhi ingangenisi uthuli (IP67)
- Ukusekelwa kwesixazululo se-FullHD (1920*1080)
- Ukwesekwa kokudluliselwa kwe-Ethernet
- Isekela ukunikezwa kwamandla ka-PoE kanye ne-12V DC
- Usekelo lwekhodekhi ye-H.264 ne-H.265
- Ikhono lokurekhoda le-MicroSD
- Ubude bokugxila obuguquguqukayo
- Iseva yewebhu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi
- Iklayenti le-SIP elakhelwe ngaphakathi
Ilungiselela inethiwekhi
Ngakho-ke, sinqume ngamakhamera futhi manje sidinga ukuhlanganisa yonke into futhi silondoloze ividiyo. Njengoba inethiwekhi yasekhaya ingenkulu kakhulu, kwanqunywa ukuthi ingahlukanisi ngokomzimba inethiwekhi yokubhekwa kwevidiyo kanye nenethiwekhi yasekhaya, kodwa ukuyihlanganisa ndawonye. Njengoba umthamo wolwazi ukhula minyaka yonke, futhi ividiyo kuseva yasekhaya iya ngokuya igcinwa ngokulungiswa kwe-FullHD, ukubheja kwenziwa ekwakheni inethiwekhi yegigabit. Ukuze usebenze kahle udinga ukushintsha okuhle ngokusekelwa kwe-PoE. Izidingo eziyisisekelo zazilula: ukwethembeka okuphezulu, ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile, ukusekelwa kwe-PoE ne-Gigabit Ethernet. Isixazululo satholwa ngokushesha futhi kwakhethwa iswishi ehlakaniphile ukuze kwakhiwe inethiwekhi yasekhaya .
Yenziwe ngefomethi evamile, ithatha iyunithi engu-1 ku-rack engu-19" futhi iyakwazi ukunika amandla amadivayisi we-PoE afinyelela ku-450 W - lawa amandla amakhulu uma ucabangela ukuthi amakhamera akhethiwe, ngisho nalapho ukukhanya kwe-IR kuvuliwe, awasadli. ngaphezu kuka-10 W. Sekukonke, izimbobo zedivayisi 24, ungamisa ishejuli yamandla yembobo ngayinye, isivinini kanye nayo yonke into engenziwa amaswishi ahlakaniphile. Ukuze wenze ukusetha kube lula, kunokushintsha endaweni engaphambili ekuvumela ukuthi ukhethe amamodi we ibonisa umsebenzi wokunikezwa kwamandla wezimbobo. Phezulu umsebenzi wezimbobo, ngezansi kukhona izimbobo ezinamandla e-PoE. Uma kuba nezinkinga ngokusetha, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ngokushesha ukuthi ikhamera itholiwe yini. amandla noma izinkinga ngokusetha. Ngokuvamile, idivayisi iyidivayisi "yokusetha futhi uyikhohlwe".
Isiqophi Isiqophi
Ukuze uhlelo lokugada ividiyo luphelele futhi ukwazi ukubuka okurekhodiwe okudala, udinga iseva noma i-NVR. Isici esihlukile se-Network Video Recorder ukuthi isebenza kuphela namakhamera wevidiyo we-IP. Izidingo zazilula: ukusekelwa kwawo wonke amakhamera, ukugcinwa kolwazi okungenani amasonto amabili, ukusetha kalula nokusebenza okuthembekile. Njengoba ngase ngivele nginolwazi ngamadivayisi okugcina inethiwekhi kusuka ku-QNAP, nginqume ukusebenzisa i-NVR kule nkampani ohlelweni lwami. Enye yamamodeli amancane asekelwa amakhamera ayi-8 yayifanele umsebenzi wami. Ngakho-ke, irekhoda yakhethwa njengendawo yokugcina nesistimu yokudlala . Ukusekelwa kwamadrayivu aqinile amabili anenani eliphelele elingu-8 TB, imbobo yenethiwekhi ye-gigabit kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu esijwayelekile siphakamise isikali sivuna le NVR.
Irekhoda ngokwayo isekela ukurekhoda kwevidiyo ngokulandela amazinga we-H.264, MPEG-4 kanye ne-M-JPEG ukusuka kumakhamera axhunywe kuyo. Wonke amakhamera akhethiwe asekela i-codec ye-H.264. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le codec ikuvumela ukuthi wehlise ngokuphawulekayo i-bitrate yevidiyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi yesithombe, kodwa lokhu kudinga izinsiza zekhompyutha ezibucayi. Le codec iqukethe imisebenzi eminingi, okuhlanganisa ukujwayela izenzo zomjikelezo. Isibonelo, igatsha lesihlahla esinyakazayo ngeke lidle i-bitrate eningi njengalapho usebenzisa i-codec ye-M-JPEG.
Abafundi abalalelisisayo bazoqaphela ukufana ne-NAS yale nkampani . Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugcwaliswa kwamamodeli kufana, kuhlukileΠΈUmehluko kuphela inani leziteshi zokuxhuma amakhamera evidiyo (8 nge-NVR kuqhathaniswa no-2 we-NAS) nokusekelwa kwamadiski e-NAS anomthamo ongu-10 TB ngalinye (kuqhathaniswa no-4 TB ngalinye ku-NVR).
Isixhumi esibonakalayo sezilungiselelo sijwayelekile futhi sijwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu oke wabhekana nalobu buchwepheshe.
Futhi ukubukwa kwawo wonke amakhamera nevidiyo erekhodiwe kwenziwa ngesoftware yokuphathelene. Sekukonke, imodeli ilula futhi iyasebenza.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwekhamera
Futhi manje ngiphakamisa ukuqhathanisa isithombe kusuka kukhamera eyodwa nje. Kuzokwembula impela. Ishothi yokuqala ikhamera ye-analog esebenza ebusuku enesibani eceleni. Ukulungiswa kwangempela.
Ishothi yesibili ikhamera ye-analog esebenza ebusuku isibani sivaliwe. Ukukhanyisa ngokukhanya kwe-IR kwekhamera. Ukulungiswa kwangempela.
Isithombe sesithathu yikhamera ye-IP esebenza ebusuku isibani sivaliwe. Ukukhanyisa ngokukhanya kwe-IR kwekhamera. Ukulungiswa kwangempela.
Ngaphezu kokulungiswa okunyukile (1920*1080 uma kuqhathaniswa no-704*576), sibona isithombe esicace kakhudlwana, ngoba ifreyimu icutshungulwa yikhamera ngokwayo futhi isithombe esiqediwe sithunyelwa kuseva yokugada ividiyo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa okungase kuvele kukhamera. isignali yevidiyo ye-analog endleleni eya kusirekhoda. Uhlaka ngokwalo lubonisa ukukhanya kwangemuva kwamanye amakhamera e-CCTV.
Umzuzu wokuphumula wamehlo
Imizuzu emi-5 kusukela ekurekhodweni kwekhamera ye-Ezviz C3S efakwe eduze kwesiphakeli.
isiphetho
Njengoba kushiwo engxenyeni yokuqala, uhlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo olusekelwe kumakhamera wevidiyo we-IP alubizi kakhulu kunekhithi ye-analog enemisebenzi efanayo. Kodwa ngobuchwepheshe bedijithali, ukusebenza kungakhula ngokufika kwe-firmware entsha, futhi uhlelo lwe-analog cishe njalo lushintsha ngokuphelele uma kudingeka ukusebenza okusha (ngezinye izikhathi inkinga ixazululwa ngokufaka inhliziyo yesistimu - i-DVR). Ukusebenzisa isibonelo sale phrojekthi, kwacaca ukuthi ukudala uhlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo kuyinqubo elula uma ulandela uhlelo: setha umsebenzi, wenze umdwebo, unqume imingcele edingekayo, khetha imishini, faka futhi ulungiselele.
Futhi khumbula: ukubhekwa kwevidiyo akulivikeli ikhaya lakho. Lena into eyodwa nje ezosiza ukuvimbela ukugqekeza noma ukuthola izivakashi ezingalindelekile. Zama ukubeka amakhamera ukuze ukwazi ukubona ubuso balabo abangenayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iseva yokuqapha ividiyo kufanele ifihlwe kahle noma konke okurekhodiwe kufanele kuphindwe kusitoreji esikude. Futhi kwangathi ikhaya lakho lihlala liyinqaba yakho!
Source: www.habr.com