Namuhla sizokhuluma ngobuchwepheshe obuthokozisayo obusetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokugcina ze-Unity/Unity XT - FAST VP. Uma kungokokuqala ngqa ukuzwa mayelana noBumbano, ungahlola izici zesistimu usebenzisa isixhumanisi ekugcineni kwesihloko. Ngisebenze ku-FAST VP eqenjini lephrojekthi ye-Dell EMC isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Namuhla ngifuna ukukhuluma ngalobu buchwepheshe ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngiveze imininingwane ethile yokuqaliswa kwayo. Yiqiniso, yilabo kuphela abavunyelwe ukudalulwa. Uma unentshisekelo ezindabeni zokugcinwa kwedatha ngendlela efanele noma ungakaqondi ngokugcwele imibhalo, lesi sihloko sizoba usizo futhi sithakazelise.
Ngizokutshela ngokushesha lokho okungeke kube kundaba. Ngeke kube khona ukusesha izimbangi nokuqhathaniswa nabo. Angihleli futhi ukukhuluma ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo obuvela kumthombo ovulekile, ngoba umfundi onelukuluku uyazi kakade ngabo. Futhi, kunjalo, angizukukhangisa lutho.
I-Store Tiering. Imigomo nezinjongo ze-FAST VP
I-FAST VP imele i-Fully Automated Storage Tiering ye-Virtual Pool. Kunzima kancane? Akunankinga, sizokucacisa manje. I-Tiering iyindlela yokuhlela isitoreji sedatha lapho kunamaleveli amaningana (izigaba) lapho le datha igcinwa khona. Ngayinye inezici zayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu: ukusebenza, umthamo kanye nentengo yokugcina iyunithi yolwazi. Yiqiniso, kukhona ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo.
Isici esibalulekile se-tiering ukuthi ukufinyelela kudatha kunikezwa ngokufana kungakhathaliseki izinga lokugcina lapho itholakala khona manje, futhi ubukhulu bechibi bulingana nesamba sobukhulu bezinsiza ezifakwe kuyo. Yilapho umehluko ovela kunqolobane ulele khona: usayizi wenqolobane awengezwe kuvolumu ephelele yesisetshenziswa (ichibi kuleli cala), futhi idatha yenqolobane iphinda enye ingxenye yedatha yemidiya eyinhloko (noma izophindaphinda uma idatha evela kunqolobane ayikabhalwa). Futhi, ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha ngamaleveli kufihliwe kumsebenzisi. Okungukuthi, akaboni kahle ukuthi iyiphi idatha etholakala kuleveli ngayinye, nakuba angakwazi ukuthonya lokhu ngokungaqondile ngokusetha izinqubomgomo (okwengeziwe kuzo kamuva).
Manje ake sibheke izici zokuqaliswa kokubeka isitoreji ku-Unity. Ubunye bunamazinga angu-3, noma isigaba:
- Ukusebenza ngokwedlulele (ama-SSD)
- Ukusebenza (SAS HDD 10k/15k RPM)
- Amandla (NL-SAS HDD 7200 RPM)
Zethulwa ngohlelo olwehlayo lokusebenza kanye nenani. Ukusebenza okwedlulele kuhlanganisa kuphela amadrayivu e-solid state (SSDs). Amanye ama-tiers amabili afaka amadrayivu ediski kazibuthe, ahluka ngesivinini sokujikeleza futhi, ngokufanele, nokusebenza.
Imidiya yesitoreji esuka ezingeni elifanayo nosayizi ofanayo ihlanganiswa ibe yi-RAID array, yakhe iqembu le-RAID (iqembu le-RAID, elifushanisiwe ngokuthi RG); Ungafunda mayelana namazinga e-RAID atholakalayo nanconyiwe kumadokhumenti asemthethweni. Amachibi okugcina akhiwa kusukela kumaqembu e-RAID kusuka ezingeni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu, lapho kusakazwa khona isikhala samahhala. Futhi kusuka endaweni yokubhukuda yabelwe amasistimu wefayela nama-LUN.
Kungani ngidinga i-Tiering?
Ngamafuphi nangokucacile: ukuzuza imiphumela emikhulu ngokusebenzisa ubuncane bezinsiza. Ngokucacile, umphumela uvame ukuqondwa njengesethi yezici zesistimu yokugcina - isivinini nesikhathi sokufinyelela, izindleko zokugcina, nokunye. Ubuncane bezinsiza busho ukusetshenziswa kwemali okuncane kakhulu: imali, amandla, nokunye. I-FAST VP isebenzisa izindlela zokusabalalisa kabusha idatha kumaleveli ahlukene kumasistimu wesitoreji e-Unity/Unity XT. Uma ungikholwa, ungakwazi ukweqa isigaba esilandelayo. Kokunye, ngizokutshela okwengeziwe.
Ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwedatha kuzo zonke izigaba zesitoreji kukuvumela ukuthi wonge kuzo zonke izindleko zesitoreji ngokudela isivinini sokufinyelela kolunye ulwazi olungavamile ukusetshenziswa, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza ngokuhambisa idatha esetshenziswa njalo kumidiya esheshayo. Lapha othile angase aphikise ngokuthi ngisho nangaphandle kokuhlanganisa, umlawuli ovamile uyazi ukuthi angabeka kuphi idatha, yiziphi izici ezifiselekayo zesistimu yokugcina umsebenzi wakhe, njll. Lokhu akungabazeki ukuthi kuyiqiniso, kodwa ukusabalalisa idatha mathupha kunezihibe zako:
- kudinga isikhathi nokunaka komlawuli;
- Akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi “ukudweba kabusha” izinsiza zokugcina ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezishintshayo;
- inzuzo ebalulekile iyanyamalala: ukufinyelela okuhlangene kuzinsiza ezitholakala kumazinga ahlukene wokulondoloza.
Ukwenza abaphathi besitoreji bakhathazeke kancane ngokuvikeleka komsebenzi, ngizongeza ukuthi ukuhlelwa kwensiza okunekhono kuyadingeka nalapha. Manje njengoba imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa isichazwe kafushane, ake sibheke ukuthi yini ongayilindela ku-FAST VP. Manje yisikhathi sokubuyela encazelweni. Amagama amabili okuqala - I-Fully Automated - ahunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi njengokuthi "okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele" futhi asho ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa phakathi kwamazinga kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Nokho, i-Virtual Pool iyichibi ledatha elihlanganisa izinsiza ezivela kumazinga ahlukene okulondoloza. Nansi indlela ebukeka ngayo:
Uma ngibheka phambili, ngizosho ukuthi i-FAST VP ihambisa idatha kuphela ngaphakathi kwechibi elilodwa, hhayi phakathi kwamachibi amaningana.
Izinkinga zixazululwe yi-FAST VP
Ake sikhulume ngokusobala kuqala. Sine-pool kanye nendlela ethile engasabalalisa kabusha idatha ngaphakathi kwaleli chibi. Sikhumbula ukuthi umgomo wethu uwukuthola ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ake sizibuze: yiziphi izindlela esingakufeza ngazo? Kungase kube neziningana zazo, futhi lapha i-FAST VP inokuthile engakunikeza umsebenzisi, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buyinto engaphezu nje kokubeka isitoreji. Nazi ezinye izindlela i-FAST VP engakhuphula ngayo ukusebenza kwephuli:
- Ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamadiski, amazinga
- Ukusabalalisa idatha phakathi kwamadiski ohlobo olufanayo
- Ukusabalalisa idatha lapho kunwetshwa ichibi
Ngaphambi kokuthi sibheke ukuthi le misebenzi ixazululwa kanjani, sidinga ukwazi amaqiniso athile adingekayo mayelana nokuthi i-FAST VP isebenza kanjani. I-FAST VP isebenza ngamabhulokhi wosayizi othile - ama-megabytes angama-256. Leli "i-chunk" encane ehlangene yedatha engadluliswa. Embhalweni yilokhu abakubiza ngokuthi: sika. Ngokombono we-FAST VP, wonke amaqembu e-RAID aqukethe isethi yalezo "zingcezu". Ngokufanelekile, zonke izibalo ze-I/O ziqoqwa kumabhulokhi edatha anjalo. Kungani lo sayizi webhulokhi ukhethiwe futhi uzoncishiswa? Ibhulokhi inkulu impela, kodwa lokhu kuwukuyekethisa phakathi kwembudumbudu yedatha (usayizi webhulokhi omncane usho ukusatshalaliswa okunembe kakhudlwana) kanye nezinsiza ezitholakalayo zekhompyutha: uma kubhekwa imikhawulo eqinile ekhona ku-RAM nenani elikhulu lamabhulokhi, idatha yezibalo ingase ithathelwe phezulu. kakhulu, futhi inani lezibalo lizokhula ngokulinganayo.
I-FAST VP iyaba kanjani idatha echibini. Osopolitiki
Ukuze ulawule ukubekwa kwedatha endaweni yokubhukuda ene-FAST VP enikwe amandla, izinqubomgomo ezilandelayo zikhona:
- Isigaba Esiphezulu Esitholakalayo
- I-Auto-Tier
- Qala Phezulu bese u-Auto-Tier (okuzenzakalelayo)
- Isigaba Esitholakalayo Esiphansi Kakhulu
Zithinta kokubili ukwabiwa kwebhulokhi yokuqala (idatha ebhalwe kuqala) kanye nokwabiwa kabusha okulandelayo. Uma idatha isivele itholakala kumadiski, ukusabalalisa kabusha kuzoqalwa ngokuvumelana neshejuli noma mathupha.
Isigaba Esitholakalayo Esiphakeme Kakhulu sizama ukubeka ibhulokhi entsha esigabeni esisebenza kakhulu. Uma singekho isikhala esanele kuyo, ibekwa ezingeni elilandelayo elikhiqiza kakhulu, kodwa-ke idatha ingahanjiswa ezingeni elikhiqizayo kakhulu (uma kunesikhala noma ngokususa enye idatha). I-Auto-Tier ibeka idatha entsha kumaleveli ahlukene kuye ngenani lesikhala esitholakalayo, futhi isatshalaliswa kabusha ngokuya ngesidingo nesikhala samahhala. Qala Phezulu bese i-Auto-Tier inqubomgomo ezenzakalelayo futhi iyanconywa. Uma ibekwe ekuqaleni, isebenza njengeTier Etholakalayo Ephakeme Kakhulu, bese idatha ihanjiswa kuye ngezibalo zayo zokusetshenziswa. Inqubomgomo Yesigaba Esitholakala Ngaphansi Kakhulu ifuna ukubeka idatha esigabeni esikhiqiza kancane.
Ukudluliswa kwedatha kwenzeka ngokubalulekile okuphansi ukuze kungaphazamisi ukusebenza okuwusizo kwesistimu yesitoreji, nokho, kukhona ukulungiselelwa "Izinga lokuthuthwa kwedatha" elishintsha okubalulekile. Kukhona okukhethekile lapha: akuwona wonke amabhulokhi wedatha anohlelo olufanayo lokusabalalisa kabusha. Isibonelo, amabhulokhi amakwe njengemethadatha azohanjiswa kuleveli esheshayo kuqala. Imethadatha, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, “idatha emayelana nedatha”, olunye ulwazi olwengeziwe okungeyona idatha yomsebenzisi, kodwa igcina incazelo yayo. Isibonelo, ulwazi ohlelweni lwefayela mayelana nokuthi ibhulokhi yefayela elithile itholakala kuphi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isivinini sokufinyelela kudatha sincike esivinini sokufinyelela imethadatha. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi imethadatha ngokuvamile incane kakhulu ngosayizi, izinzuzo zokuyihambisa kumadiski asebenza kahle kakhulu kulindeleke ukuthi zibe nkulu.
Imibandela esetshenziswa i-Fast VP emsebenzini wayo
Umbandela oyinhloko webhulokhi ngayinye, cishe kakhulu, yisici "sesidingo" sedatha, esincike enanini lemisebenzi yokufunda nokubhala yesiqeshana sedatha. Lesi sici sibiza ngokuthi "Izinga lokushisa". Kunedatha efunwayo (eshisayo) “eshisa kakhulu” kunedatha engafunwanga. Ibalwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuzenzakalelayo ngezikhawu zehora elilodwa.
Umsebenzi wokubala izinga lokushisa unezici ezilandelayo:
- Uma ingekho i-I/O, idatha "iyaphola" ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ngaphansi komthwalo olinganayo olinganayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka kuqala bese lizinza ebangeni elithile.
Okulandelayo, izinqubomgomo ezichazwe ngenhla kanye nesikhala esikhululekile esigabeni ngasinye kuyacatshangelwa. Ukuze kucace, ngizohlinzeka ngesithombe esivela kumadokhumenti. Lapha imibala ebomvu, ephuzi neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibonisa amabhlogo anamazinga okushisa aphezulu, aphakathi nendawo naphansi, ngokulandelana.
Kodwa ake sibuyele emisebenzini. Ngakho-ke, singaqala ukuhlaziya ukuthi yini eyenziwayo ukuxazulula izinkinga ze-FAST VP.
A. Ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zamadiski, amaleveli
Empeleni, lona umsebenzi oyinhloko we-FAST VP. Okunye, ngomqondo othile, kuphuma kulo. Kuye ngenqubomgomo ekhethiwe, idatha izosatshalaliswa kumaleveli esitoreji ahlukene. Okokuqala, inqubomgomo yokubeka iyacatshangelwa, bese kuba izinga lokushisa lokuvimba kanye nosayizi/isivinini samaqembu e-RAID.
Ngezinqubomgomo zeSigaba Esitholakala Kakhulu/Esiphansi kunazo zonke yonke into ilula. Kwabanye ababili lokhu kunjalo. Idatha isatshalaliswa kumaleveli ahlukene kucatshangelwa usayizi nokusebenza kwamaqembu e-RAID: ukuze isilinganiso sengqikithi "yezinga lokushisa" lamabhulokhi "kukusebenza okuphezulu okunemibandela" kweqembu ngalinye le-RAID licishe lifane. Ngakho, umthwalo usatshalaliswa ngaphezulu noma kancane ngokulinganayo. Idatha eyengeziwe edingekayo ithuthelwa kumidiya esheshayo, futhi idatha engavamile ukusetshenziswa ihanjiswa kumidiya ehamba kancane. Ngokufanelekile, ukusatshalaliswa kufanele kubukeke kanje:
B. Ukusabalalisa idatha phakathi kwamadiski ohlobo olufanayo
Khumbula, ekuqaleni ngabhala ukuthi imidiya yokugcina kusuka eyodwa noma ngaphezulu amazinga ahlanganiswa abe yiphuli eyodwa? Esimeni sezinga elilodwa, i-FAST VP nayo inomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe. Ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okuphezulu kunoma yiliphi izinga, kuhle ukusabalalisa idatha ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamadiski. Lokhu kuzokuvumela (ngokombono) ukuthi uthole inani eliphezulu le-IOPS. Idatha engaphakathi kweqembu le-RAID ingabhekwa njengesatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amadiski, kodwa lokhu akuhlali kunjalo phakathi kwamaqembu e-RAID. Uma kwenzeka ukungalingani, i-FAST VP izohambisa idatha phakathi kwamaqembu e-RAID ngokulingana nevolumu yawo kanye "nokusebenza okunemibandela" (ngokwezinombolo). Ukuze kucace, ngizobonisa uhlelo lokulinganisa kabusha phakathi kwamaqembu amathathu e-RAID:
B. Ukusabalalisa idatha lapho kunwetshwa ichibi
Lo msebenzi uyisimo esikhethekile sangaphambilini futhi wenziwa lapho iqembu le-RAID lengezwa echibini. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iqembu elisanda kungezwa le-RAID alihlali lingenzi lutho, enye idatha izodluliselwa kulo, okusho ukuthi umthwalo uzosatshalaliswa kabusha kuwo wonke amaqembu e-RAID.
I-SSD Wear Leveling
Ngokusebenzisa izinga lokugqoka, i-FAST VP inganweba impilo ye-SSD, nakuba lesi sici singahlobene ngokuqondile ne-Store Tiering. Njengoba idatha yokushisa isivele itholakala, inombolo yemisebenzi yokubhala nayo iyacatshangelwa, futhi siyazi ukuhambisa amabhlokhi wedatha, kungaba okunengqondo nge-FAST VP ukuxazulula le nkinga.
Uma inani lokungenayo eqenjini elilodwa le-RAID lidlula ngokuphawulekayo inombolo yokufakiwe kwelinye, i-FAST VP izosabalalisa kabusha idatha ngokuhambisana nenani lemisebenzi yokubhala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kukhulula umthwalo futhi kusindisa insiza yamanye amadiski, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yengeza "umsebenzi" kwabancane abalayishiwe, okwandisa ukusebenza okuphelele.
Ngale ndlela, i-FAST VP ithatha izinselele zendabuko ze-Store Tiering futhi yenza okungaphezudlwana kwalokho. Konke lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine idatha kahle kakhulu ohlelweni lokugcina lwe-Unity.
A amathiphu ambalwa
- Ungakunaki ukufunda amadokhumenti. Kukhona izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu, futhi zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Uma uzilandela, khona-ke, njengomthetho, azikho izinkinga ezinkulu eziphakamayo. Ezinye izeluleko ngokuyisisekelo ziyaziphinda noma ziyahambisana nazo.
- Uma ulungiselele futhi wavula i-FAST VP, kungcono ukuyishiya ivuliwe. Ivumele isabalalise idatha ngesikhathi sayo esinikeziwe futhi kancane kancane kanye ngonyaka futhi ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kweminye imisebenzi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukusabalalisa kabusha idatha kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside.
- Qaphela lapho ukhetha iwindi lokuthutha. Nakuba lokhu kusobala, zama ukukhetha isikhathi esinomthwalo omncane ku-Unity futhi unikeze isikhathi esanele.
- Hlela ukunweba isistimu yakho yesitoreji, kwenze ngesikhathi. Lesi isincomo esijwayelekile esibalulekile naku-FAST VP futhi. Uma inani lesikhala samahhala lincane kakhulu, khona-ke ukunyakaza kwedatha kuzonciphisa noma kungenzeki. Ikakhulukazi uma ushaye indiva iphuzu 2.
- Uma unweba ichibi nge-FAST VP enikwe amandla, akufanele uqale ngamadiski anensa kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, singeza wonke amaqembu e-RAID ahleliwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma sengeze amadiski asheshayo kuqala. Kulesi simo, ukusabalalisa kabusha idatha kumadiski amasha "asheshayo" kuzokhuphula isivinini esiphelele se-pool. Uma kungenjalo, ukuqala ngamadiski "ahamba kancane" kungaholela esimweni esingemnandi kakhulu. Okokuqala, idatha izodluliselwa kumadisks amasha, ahamba kancane, bese kuthi, lapho asheshayo engezwa, ngokuphambene. Kunama-nuances lapha ahlobene nezinqubomgomo ezihlukene ze-FAST VP, kodwa ngokuvamile, isimo esifanayo singenzeka.
Uma ubheka lo mkhiqizo, ungazama i-Unity mahhala ngokulanda umshini obonakalayo we-Unity VSA.
Ekupheleni kwendaba, ngabelana ngezixhumanisi ezimbalwa eziwusizo:
- Ikhasi
- – incazelo emfushane yomsebenzi
- , ifomethi ye-pdf
isiphetho
Ngingathanda ukubhala mayelana nokuningi, kodwa ngiyaqonda ukuthi akuyona yonke imininingwane ezoba mnandi kumfundi. Isibonelo, ungakhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nemibandela i-FAST VP eyenza ngayo izinqumo mayelana nokudluliswa kwedatha, mayelana nezinqubo zokuhlaziya izibalo ze-I/O. Futhi, isihloko sokuxhumana ne , futhi lokhu kufanelwe isihloko esihlukile. Ungakwazi ngisho nokuphupha ngokuthuthuka kwalobu buchwepheshe. Ngiyethemba bekungelona isicefe futhi angizange ngikubhore. Ngikubone futhi!
Source: www.habr.com