Sawubona, Habr! Emasontweni ambalwa edlule bekuwusuku olushisayo, esaxoxa ngalo "egunjini lokubhema" lengxoxo yomsebenzi. Emizuzwini embalwa nje kamuva, ingxoxo mayelana nesimo sezulu yaphenduka ingxoxo mayelana nezinhlelo zokupholisa zezikhungo zedatha. Kuma-techies, ikakhulukazi abasebenzi be-Selectel, lokhu akumangazi; sihlala sikhuluma ngezihloko ezifanayo.
Phakathi nengxoxo, sinqume ukushicilela indatshana mayelana nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezikhungweni zedatha ze-Selectel. Isihloko sanamuhla simayelana nokupholisa kwamahhala, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zethu ezimbili zedatha. Ngezansi kokusikiwe kunendaba enemininingwane mayelana nezixazululo zethu nezici zazo. Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yabiwe yinhloko yomnyango wesevisi ye-air conditioning kanye ne-ventilation systems, uLeonid Lupandin, kanye nomlobi wezobuchwepheshe ophezulu u-Nikolay Rubanov.
Amasistimu okupholisa e-Selectel
Nansi incazelo emfushane yokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokupholisa esizisebenzisa kuzo zonke izinsiza zethu. Sizoqhubekela ekupholiseni kwamahhala esigabeni esilandelayo. Sine eMoscow, eSt. Petersburg nasesifundeni saseLeningrad. Izimo zezulu kulezi zifunda zihlukile, ngakho sisebenzisa amasistimu wokupholisa ahlukene. Ngendlela, esikhungweni sedatha saseMoscow kwakuvame ukuba ngumthombo wamahlaya ukuthi labo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokupholisa babengochwepheshe abanegama elithi Kholodilin noMoroz. Kwenzeke ngengozi, kodwa namanje...
Nalu uhlu lwama-DC anesistimu yokupholisa esetshenzisiwe:
- Berzarina - ukupholisa mahhala.
- Imbali 1 - ama-freon, ama-air conditioner akudala ezikhungo zedatha.
- Imbali 2 - ama-chillers.
- Dubrovka 1 - ama-chillers.
- Dubrovka 2 - ama-freon, ama-air conditioner akudala ezikhungo zedatha.
- Dubrovka 3 - ukupholisa mahhala.
Ezikhungweni zethu zedatha, silwela ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomoya lisezingeni eliphansi lokunconywayo ububanzi. Kungu-23°C.
Mayelana nokupholisa kwamahhala
Ezikhungweni zedatha ezimbili, Dubrovka 3 и Berzarina, sifake amasistimu okupholisa amahhala, namanye ahlukene.
Isistimu yokupholisa yamahhala e-DC Berzarina
Isimiso esiyisisekelo sezinhlelo zokupholisa zamahhala ukuqedwa kwezishintshi zokushisa, ukuze ukupholisa kwemishini yekhompyutha kwenzeke ngenxa yokushaywa umoya womgwaqo. Ihlanzwa kusetshenziswa izihlungi, emva kwalokho ingena ekamelweni lomshini. Ekwindla nasebusika, umoya obandayo udinga “ukuhlanjululwa” ngomoya ofudumele ukuze izinga lokushisa lomoya ovunguza phezu kwemishini lingashintshi. Ehlobo eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, ukupholisa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.
Ama-air flaps alungisekayo
Kungani ukupholisa kwamahhala? Yebo, ngoba ubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo bemishini yokupholisa. Amasistimu okupholisa amahhala ngokuvamile ashibhile ukusebenzisa amasistimu akudala anesiqandisi esinomoya. Enye inzuzo yokupholisa kwamahhala ukuthi izinhlelo zokupholisa azinawo umthelela omubi oqinile endaweni ezungezile njengama-air conditioner ane-freon.
Isikimu esiqondile sokupholisa samahhala esine-aftercooling ngaphandle kwephansi eliphakanyisiwe
Iphuzu elibalulekile: ukupholisa kwamahhala kusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zethu zedatha kanye namasistimu angemva kokupholisa. Ebusika, azikho izinkinga ngokungena komoya obandayo wangaphandle - kupholile ngaphandle, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokupholile kakhulu, ngakho-ke izinhlelo zokupholisa ezengeziwe azidingeki. Kodwa ehlobo izinga lokushisa lomoya liyakhuphuka. Uma sisebenzisa ukupholisa kwamahhala okumsulwa, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi belingaba ngu-27 °C. Ake sikukhumbuze ukuthi izinga lokushisa lika-Selectel lingu-23°C.
Esifundeni saseLeningrad, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lesikhathi eside lansuku zonke, ngisho nangoJulayi, licishe libe ngu-20°C. Futhi konke kungaba kuhle, kodwa ngezinye izinsuku kushisa kakhulu. Ngo-2010, irekhodi lokushisa elingu-+37.8 ° C laqoshwa esifundeni. Uma ucabangela lesi simo, awukwazi ukuthembela ngokugcwele ekupholiseni kwamahhala - usuku olulodwa olushisayo ngonyaka lungaphezu kokwanele ukuthi izinga lokushisa lidlulele ngale kwezinga elijwayelekile.
Njengoba iSt. Petersburg neMoscow zingama-megacities anomoya ongcolile, sisebenzisa ukuhlanzwa komoya kathathu lapho siwuthatha emgwaqweni - izihlungi zezindinganiso ze-G4, G5 kanye ne-G7. Ngayinye elandelayo ihlunga uthuli olusuka kumafrakshini amancane nezincane, ukuze okukhiphayo kube umoya ohlanzekile womkhathi.
Izihlungi zomoya
I-Dubrovka 3 ne-Berzarina - ukupholisa kwamahhala, kodwa okuhlukile
Ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, sisebenzisa amasistimu wokupholisa mahhala kulezi zikhungo zedatha.
Dubrovka 3
I-DC yokuqala enokupholisa kwamahhala kwakuyi-Dubrovka 3. Isebenzisa ukupholisa kwamahhala okuqondile, okuhambisana ne-ABHM, umshini wokuqandisa wokumuncwa osebenza ngegesi yemvelo. Umshini usetshenziswa njengokupholisa okwengeziwe uma kushisa ehlobo.
Ukupholisa isikhungo sedatha kusetshenziswa isikimu sokupholisa samahhala esinephansi eliphakanyisiwe
Lesi sixazululo se-hybrid senze kwaba nokwenzeka ukufeza i-PUE ~ 1.25.
Kungani i-ABM? Lolu uhlelo olusebenzayo olusebenzisa amanzi esikhundleni se-freon. I-ABHM inomthelela omncane emvelweni.
Umshini we-ABHM usebenzisa igesi yemvelo, ehlinzekwa kuwo ngepayipi, njengomthombo wamandla. Ebusika, lapho imoto ingadingeki, igesi ingashiswa ukushisa umoya opholile ongaphandle. Kushibhe kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ugesi.
Ukubuka kwe-ABM
Umqondo wokusebenzisa i-ABM njengohlelo lokupholisa ngemva kokupholisa ungowomunye wezisebenzi zethu, unjiniyela, owabona isisombululo esifanayo futhi wasikisela ukuthi sisetshenziswe ku-Selectel. Senze imodeli, sayihlola, sathola umphumela omuhle kakhulu futhi sanquma ukuyikhulisa.
Umshini wathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka nesigamu ukwakha, kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya kanye nesikhungo sedatha ngokwaso. Yaqalwa ukusebenza ngo-2013. Azikho izinkinga ngakho, kodwa ukuze usebenze udinga ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe. Esinye sezici ze-ABHM ukuthi umshini ugcina umehluko wengcindezi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi le-DC. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umoya oshisayo uyaphuma ngesistimu ye-valve.
Ngenxa yomehluko wengcindezi, cishe alukho uthuli emoyeni, ngoba luvele lundize luphume, noma lubonakala. Ukucindezela okwedlulele kuphusha izinhlayiya ngaphandle.
Izindleko zokulungisa isistimu zingase zibe phezulu kancane kunezokupholisa okuvamile. Kodwa i-ABHM ikuvumela ukuthi wonge ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ukushisa umoya nokuwupholisa.
Berzarina
Umdwebo wokugeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwegumbi leseva
Ukupholisa kwamahhala nge-adiabatic after-cooling system kusetshenziswa lapha. Isetshenziswa ehlobo lapho umoya ushisa kakhulu, amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-23°C. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi eMoscow. Umgomo wokusebenza wesistimu ye-adiabatic ukupholisa umoya njengoba udlula ezihlungini eziqukethe uketshezi. Cabanga ngendwangu emanzi lapho amanzi ehwamuka khona, epholisa indwangu kanye nongqimba oluseduze lomoya. Lena cishe indlela isistimu yokupholisa ye-adiabatic esebenza ngayo esikhungweni sedatha. Amaconsi amancane amanzi afuthwa endleleni yokugeleza komoya, okunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya.
Umgomo wokusebenza wokupholisa i-adiabatic
Banqume ukusebenzisa ukupholisa kwamahhala lapha ngoba isikhungo sedatha sitholakala esitezi esiphezulu sesakhiwo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umoya oshisayo okhishwa ngaphandle uyakhuphuka ngokushesha, futhi awucindezeli ezinye izinhlelo, njengoba kungenzeka uma i-DC ibitholakala ezitezi eziphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkomba ye-PUE ingu-~1.20
Lapho lesi sitezi sesitholakala, sajabula ngoba saba nethuba lokuklama noma yini esiyifunayo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kwakuwukwakha i-DC enesistimu yokupholisa ephumelelayo nengabizi.
Inzuzo yokupholisa i-adiabatic ubulula besistimu ngokwayo. Ilula kunezinhlelo ezinama-air conditioners futhi zilula kune-ABHM, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi wonge amandla, izindleko zazo ezincane. Kodwa-ke, idinga ukulawulwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayigcini njengoba kwenza i-Facebook ngo-2012. Khona-ke, ngenxa yezinkinga zokusetha imingcele yokusebenza, ifu langempela lakhiwa esikhungweni sedatha futhi laqala ukuna. .
Amaphaneli okulawula
Lolu hlelo luneminyaka emibili kuphela lusebenza, phakathi nalesi sikhathi sihlonze izinkinga ezimbalwa esizilungisa nabasiki bengqephu. Kodwa lokhu akwethusi, ngoba esikhathini sethu kubalulekile ukufuna njalo into entsha, ungakhohlwa ukuhlola izixazululo ezikhona.
Sihlala sifuna amathuba okusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Enye yazo imishini esebenza ngokujwayelekile emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-23°. Mhlawumbe sizokhuluma ngalokhu kwesinye sezihloko ezizayo, lapho iphrojekthi ifinyelela esigabeni sokugcina.
Uma ufuna ukwazi imininingwane mayelana nezinye izinhlelo zokupholisa kuma-DC ethu, ke nalo lonke ulwazi.
Buza imibuzo kumazwana, sizozama ukuphendula abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Source: www.habr.com