Imayini yamalahle yangaphambili ezogcina indawo yokugcina i-Arctic World Archive. Photography: Guy Martin/Bloomberg Businessweek

Isofthiwe yamahhala iyisisekelo sempucuko yesimanje kanye nefa elivamile laso sonke isintu. Umsebenzi Izinhlelo ze-GitHub Archive - gcina le khodi ezizukulwaneni ezizayo ukuze umlando woMtapowolwazi wase-Alexandria ungaphinde uphindwe.

Ukwenza lokhu, i-GitHub izodala amakhophi amaningi ekhophi yasenqolobaneni emithonjeni yezindaba ehlukene, okuhlanganisa nesitoreji sesikhathi eside I-Arctic Code Vault eSpitsbergen. Itholakala emayini yamalahle yangaphambili ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-250 ku-permafrost futhi yakhelwe impilo yeshalofu okungenani iminyaka eyi-1000.

Isifinyezo sekhodi yesofthiwe yomuntu sizothathwa ngoFebhuwari 2, 2020.

Iphrojekthi yesikhathi eside yokugcina idatha yethulwa ngokubambisana ne-Long Now Foundation, i-Internet Archive, i-Software Heritage Foundation, i-Arctic World Archive kanye nabanye ozakwethu.

Iphrojekthi ye-LOCKSS

Ikhodi ebalulekile namuhla ingalibaleka noma ilahleke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okubi kakhulu ukuthi uma kwenzeka inhlekelele yomhlaba wonke sizolahlekelwa yilo lonke ulwazi olwalugcinwe kwimidiya "ye-ephemeral": i-HDD, i-SSD, i-CD ne-DVD, eyenzelwe amashumi eminyaka ambalwa, kumateyipu adinga impilo yawo enemibandela yeminyaka engu-30. ukulawula okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama .

Isixazululo senkinga ukuphindwaphindwa kwamakhophi ayisipele, okungukuthi, ukugcinwa kwesoftware kungobo yomlando yizinhlangano eziningi nangezinhlobo ezahlukene. Le phrojekthi ebizwa BHEKA isiqalile cishe iminyaka engama-20. Uhlelo lwethulwe ngoMeyi 2019 I-LOCKSS 2.0-alpha - i-prototype yokuqala yesofthiwe yokugcinwa kwedatha esabalalisiwe isikhathi eside ngokusekelwa kwabahlanganyeli abaningi kanye nesitoreji sangaphandle.

Abaqambi bohlelo bacabanga ukuthi i-hardware ingaba isikhathi eside kakhulu kunemidiya ye-ephemeral: ngakho-ke, "kunenani lekusasa elingenzeka lapho kusebenza khona amakhompiyutha anamuhla, kodwa isofthiwe yabo ilahlekile kakhulu."

I-GitHub isikhumbuza ngobuchwepheshe obuningi obulahlekile obungaba usizo: ukhonkolo waseRoma (iresiphi yakhe yaphinde yatholwa ngo-2014), umuthi wokulwa nomalaleveva i-DFDT, elahlekile imidwebo ye-rocket ye-Saturn 5. Kulula ukucabanga ikusasa lapho isofthiwe yanamuhla ibonakala njengento engavamile, engabalulekile isikhathi eside, kuze kube yilapho kuvela isidingo esingalindelekile sayo: "Njenganoma iyiphi ikhophi yasenqolobaneni, uhlelo lokugcinwa kwengobo yomlando lwe-GitHub lubuye lwenzelwe ikusasa elingalindelekile," kusho i-GitHub yohlelo. Ingobo yomlando yewebhusayithi.

Ingobo yomlando ye-GitHub

Ingobo yomlando ye-GitHub inikezela ngamazinga amathathu wama-backups:

• Kuyashisa: cishe isikhathi sangempela
• Kufudumele: ibuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukusuka enyangeni ukuya onyakeni
• Kubanda: ibuyekezwa njalo eminyakeni engu-5+

Ngemuva kwanoma yisiphi isenzo sabasebenzisi be-GitHub, yonke idatha ye-Git iphindwa kuzikhungo zedatha eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. Izipele ze-Git, izinkinga, izicelo zokudonsa, nayo yonke idatha yomsebenzisi ku-GitHub igcinwa ezindaweni ezimbalwa. Lolu lwazi lutholakala ngesikhathi sangempela nge-GitHub API.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhomba okuphindaphindayo kuhlelwa i-GHTorrent crawler, ezolayisha izingobo zomlando nsuku zonke noma nyanga zonke. Nge-GH Archive, izithombe ezisuka kungobo yomlando zingatholwa kusetshenziswa imibuzo ye-BigQuery. Amanye amakhophi ekhodi agcinwe ku-Time Machine eyaziwa kakhulu ye-Internet Archive, egcina amakhophi ezindaweni eziningi. Ekugcineni, i-Software Heritage Foundation izocaca njalo ku-GitHub futhi yengeze amakhosombe ayo asesidlangalaleni kungobo yomlando yayo, ene-API yomphakathi.

I-Arctic GitHub repository

Ngomhla zi-2 kuNhlolanja 2020, i-GitHub izokwenza ikhophi yawo wonke amakhosombe omphakathi asebenzayo - futhi iwabeke endaweni yokugcina ye-GitHub Arctic.

Idatha izogcinwa kuma-reel efilimu angama-3500-foot ahlinzekwe yi-Piql, inkampani yaseNorway egxile ekugcinweni kwedatha yesikhathi eside. Ngokwezilinganiso ze-ISO, le filimu ye-silver halide polyester iphila iminyaka engu-500. Ukuhlolwa kokuguga okufanisiwe kubonise ukuthi ifilimu ye-Piql igcina ulwazi okungenani kabili ubude.

Ukwengeza, Ingobo yomlando ye-GitHub isebenzisana nabacwaningi bephrojekthi ye-Microsoft Silica ukuze bashise wonke amakhosombe omphakathi kumawafa engilazi e-quartz kusetshenziswa i-laser ye-femtosecond. Lesi sikhungo sizoqinisekisa ukuphepha kwedatha iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.

Inqolobane yekhodi ye-Arctic GitHub idalwe ngesisekelo se-Arctic World Archive (AWA) ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-250 ku-permafrost. Ingobo yomlando itholakala emayini yamalahle yangaphambili esiqhingini saseSpitsbergen, esingekude kakhulu neNorth Pole. Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuzothinta kuphela amamitha ambalwa we-permafrost futhi akusongeli imayini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze (iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa).

I-Svalbard ilawulwa isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe njengendawo engenamasosha. Ingenye yezindawo ezikude kakhulu futhi ezinzile ngokwezwe nepolitiki Emhlabeni, ngokusho kweGitHub. Eduze kwayo kuneWorld Seed Vault edumile, ithemba eliyinhloko lesintu uma kwenzeka i-apocalypse.

I-Global Seed Vault eSvalbard

I-AWA iwuhlelo oluhlanganyelwe phakathi kwenkampani yezimayini ephethwe nguhulumeni wase-Norwegian i-Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani (SNSK) kanye nomhlinzeki wokulondolozwa kwedijithali u-Piql AS. Idatha yomlando namasiko evela e-Italy, Brazil, Norway, Vatican nakwamanye amazwe isivele igcinwe lapho.

Photography: Guy Martin/Bloomberg Businessweek

Ama-reels ekhodi ye-GitHub azogcinwa esitsheni esinezinhlangothi zensimbi ngaphakathi kwegumbi elivaliwe. Isifinyezo sangomhla ka-02.02.2020 sizofaka wonke amakhosombe e-GitHub asebenzayo kanye nengxenye ebalulekile yalawo angasebenzi (ukwahlulela ngezinkanyezi, ukuncika, njll.), wonke amafayela kanambambili afika ku-100 KB. Inqolobane ngayinye efayeleni letiyela elihlukile. Konke kufanele kulingane kuma-spools angu-200 120 GB.

Kanye nengobo yomlando kuzoba nekhathalogi efundeka umuntu kanye namamanyuwali obuchwepheshe ekuqoqweni kwe-QR, amafomethi wefayela, umbhalo wezinhlamvu wezinhlamvu kanye nenye imethadatha ebalulekile ukuze inzalo ikwazi ukuguqula idatha ibuyele kukhodi yomthombo.

Ingobo yomlando izophinda ifake umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile we-Tech Tree uma kwenzeka abafundi besikhathi esizayo bephelelwa amakhompyutha asebenzayo futhi kudingeke bakhe kabusha ubuchwepheshe kusukela ekuqaleni.

Source: www.habr.com