Isizathu esikhulu sokuthi kungani i-Linux isekhona

Indatshana isanda kushicilelwa ku-Habré Isizathu esikhulu sokuthi kungani kungenjalo i-Linux, okususe omkhulu umsindo ezingxoxweni. Leli nothi liyimpendulo encane yefilosofi kuleso sihloko, engithemba ukuthi, sizochaza konke enginakho, futhi ngasohlangothini olungalindelekile kubafundi abaningi.

Umbhali wendatshana yoqobo uveza amasistimu e-Linux kanje:

I-Linux ayilona uhlelo, kodwa inqwaba yemisebenzi yezandla ehlukahlukene esongwe ngeteyipu kagesi

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Ngoba

Umuntu akanandaba nezinhlelo zokusebenza nhlobo. Uzama ukufeza imigomo yakhe ... Futhi ku-Linux, uphahla lokuklama alufezi imigomo, kodwa ukuxazululwa kwenkinga..sizokweseka ukudluliswa kwamafayela, kuzoba emhlabeni wonke futhi kuzokwanelisa wonke umuntu. Futhi ukuthumela isithombe ozishuthe sona, vumela umuntu ukuthi abheke isofthiwe azoyithwebula kukhamera yewebhu, bese uthinta kabusha isithombe kumhleli othile wesithombe, bese usithumela usebenzisa inketho yeshumi nesikhombisa kumenyu "Yamathuluzi". SINE-UNIXWAY!

Kodwa-ke, imodeli yokusetshenziswa ingabhekwa emibonweni ehlukene, futhi ngiphakamisa ukukhetha eyodwa ephathelene nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo osetshenzisiwe. Khona-ke sizobonakala kwezinye izici ezivame ukufihlwa ekubukeni kwethu futhi ngenxa yalokho zibe nomthelela enkambisweni buthule.

Okusho ukuthi, ungasebenzisa kuphela ngaphandle kokukhiqiza noma yini umkhiqizo olethwa ngokwemvelo ngendlela eqediwe nanoma yimaphi amanani adingwa umthengi. Uma kungenjalo, umthengi kufanele abambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni okuthile ukuze ekugcineni athole okuhle okudliwe.

Kulokhu, ukukhiqizwa kungaba umuntu ngamunye, lapho umenzi edala wonke umkhiqizo oqediwe yedwa, noma iqoqo, kuze kufike ekubambisaneni okubanzi komphakathi ekukhiqizeni umkhiqizo owodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthengi angakhiqiza kokubili umkhiqizo ngokwawo awudlayo (khona-ke sizobiza lowo mthengi ngokuthi “umkhiqizi wabathengi”), kanye nomunye umkhiqizo, okuthi, ngosizo lohlelo lokushintshisana komphakathi, ekugcineni lushintshiwe. wona kanye umkhiqizo odingekayo kumthengi ukuze asetshenziswe ngokuqondile.

Ngakho, sinezigaba ezilandelayo zabathengi:

1. Umthengi uthola umkhiqizo ngokuqondile, ngaphandle komsebenzi.
2. Umthengi othola umkhiqizo ngokushintshanisa omunye umkhiqizo ekukhiqizweni kwawo abambe iqhaza (ngawodwa noma njengengxenye yeqembu).
3. Umkhiqizi womthengi othola ngqo umkhiqizo ekukhiqizweni abambe iqhaza (ngawodwa noma njengengxenye yeqembu).

Sizoba nesithakazelo ekukhiqizeni okuhlangene kuphela, ngoba okuhle njengesistimu yokusebenza esebenza ngokugcwele namuhla ayikwazi ukudalwa yedwa (noma yikuphi, iWindows, i-macOS ne-Linux idalwe amaqembu amakhulu).

Kwenzelweni konke lokhu? Iphuzu liwukuthi kuyiphutha ukulinganisa umthengi we-Windows nomthengi we-Linux, ngoba owokuqala uwuhlobo lwesi-2 futhi okugcina kuwuhlobo 3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima nakakhulu ukuphatha umthengi we-Linux ngendlela efanayo nohlobo 1. umthengi.

Umthengi wangempela, "ohlosiwe" wesistimu ye-Linux nguyena obambe iqhaza ekukhiqizweni kwayo. Lona unjiniyela ofuna ithuluzi okulula ukulisebenzisa, elilawulwa ngokugcwele futhi elilungiseka ngokugcwele nguye, noma inkampani esebenzisa isistimu enqubweni yabo yokukhiqiza kokunye ngalezo zidingo zokukhiqiza. Kuba nenzuzo enkulu ngalaba bathengi ukubamba iqhaza ekukhiqizeni lo mkhiqizo ngokwabo (kuhlanganise nokuhlelwa kwawo, njengakwesinye sezigaba zokukhiqiza, ukuletha umkhiqizo esimweni esilungele ukusetshenziswa) kunokuthenga ukuguqulwa abakudingayo ohlangothini. Kungani kunenzuzo eyengeziwe? Yebo, ngoba izindleko zokukhiqiza ngokuvamile zingaphansi kwezindleko zomkhiqizo okhiqiziwe, futhi ngokuvamile umkhiqizo wolwazi ophelile uthengiswa ngentengo ephakeme kunezindleko zekhophi yawo.

Iphuzu lokugcina lifanele ukuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe. Kuba inzuzo enkulu kumenzeli othile wesistimu yezomnotho (isibonelo, inkampani) ukusebenzisana namanye ama-ejenti futhi akhiqize ngokuhlanganyela umkhiqizo othile abawudingayo uma izindleko zokubamba iqhaza kwangasese ekukhiqizeni ziphansi kunentengo enikezwa omunye umkhiqizo ofanayo. abakhiqizi abazimele ngabanye. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ezingeni elithile lokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okukhiqiza; izindlela zokukhiqiza kufanele, ngokomthetho, zivumele inhlangano enjalo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zizosebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zobunikazi bomphakathi, ngoba kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo inqubo yokukhiqiza evulekile izokwazi ukonga okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ezindlekweni.

Uma ucabangela lokhu, umuntu angawusola kanjani umphakathi we-Linux ngeqiniso lokuthi udala isethi yamathuluzi asebenza emhlabeni wonke, kanye nesadinga ukuqedwa (ukufundwa - okudinga ukuthi umthengi abambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni), kunokuba umkhiqizo oqedwe ngokuphelele. lokho kulungele uhlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili lwabathengi? Ngokuphambene nalokho, umzamo wokulandela isiko lemakethe lokusetshenziswa okumsulwa nokunikela ngomkhiqizo olungele ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza ekudalweni kwawo, ekuthuthukisweni nasekulungiseni amaphutha, ubukela phansi sona kanye isisekelo sokukhiqiza okwakhiwa kuso kokubili i-Linux namanye amaphrojekthi amahhala. Ukwenqaba ukwakha izingxenye zomhlaba wonke ngokuvuna ezikhetheke kakhulu ngezinhloso ezithile kusho ukulahla iphrojekthi yakho yamahhala ekumeni noma ekukhohlweni, ngoba ingxenye exazulula inkinga evamile ezimweni eziningi izoqoqa umphakathi ngokushesha nangaphezulu, ngoba nje kuzoba khona idinga inani elikhulu labakhiqizi abangabathengi.

Pho ungenzani?

Bazama ukusikholisa lokho

I-Linux iyadingeka yenza ubuntu.… Lokhu kusho - yenza kabusha yonke into, iqala nge-bootloader. ...[Kungenjalo] I-Linux izohlala ijabulisa kubantu abangazange badlale ngokwanele ngamasethi okwakha njengezingane.

Kodwa yini esiyitholayo ngenxa yalokhu “kwenziwa kobuntu”? Sizothola uhlelo olufana ne-Windows, oluqondiswe kumthengi ongahlanganyeli ekukhiqizeni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo aluhlanganisiwe nganoma iyiphi indlela embonini yemakethe ye-capitalist yokukhiqiza nokushintshanisa, ngakho-ke ayisebenzi ngokomnotho. Ingabe siyayidinga?

Akungabazeki ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kalula kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi esimweni se-Linux, indawo yokuqala kufanele ibe lula hhayi kuhlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili lwabasebenzisi, kodwa uhlobo lwesithathu lwe-Linux. abasebenzisi ababandakanyeka ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ekukhiqizeni kwayo . Sidinga ukudala amathuluzi asebenziseka kalula futhi sisebenzise izinqubomgomo ezifanele ukuze abasebenzisi abangochwepheshe - abangaba ababambiqhaza - bakwazi ukujoyina ngokushesha futhi kalula umphakathi othuthukayo futhi banikele enzuzweni efanayo. Sidinga ukucushwa okuthuthukisiwe nokuhlanganisa amathuluzi nokwakheka kwamathuluzi ukuze abasebenzisi bezwe amandla angempela le ndlela engabanikeza yona, futhi ukuze bangesabi ukuyisebenzisela ukukhulisa umkhiqizo wabo. Kepha kuphinde kube nomshikashika walaba basebenzisi futhi bazama ukubabeka esigabeni sesibili, ngokusebenzisa ama-macOS, ngokwesibonelo.

Hhayi-ke, kulabo abajwayele ama-freebies... Ukwenza izimpilo zabo zibe lula akufanele kube isiphetho ngokwakho :) Bavumele basebenze, bavumele babambe iqhaza ekulungiseni iphutha, bavumele babhale imilayezo ezinkundleni nasemathrekhi - lolu lwazi luzosindisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. abanye isikhathi, bafundise ukubamba iqhaza, hhayi ukusebenzisa uhlangothi olulodwa. Yebo, i-Linux idinga umsebenzi kumthengi. Futhi lokho kuhle! Masiqhubeke sithuthukise lesi siqondiso ukuze abantu abaningi bemisebenzi ehlukene bahlanganyele emsebenzini, hhayi nje abahleli bezinhlelo nabaphathi besistimu. Ngoba i-Linux ingaphila ngaphandle komthengi ongenzi lutho, kodwa ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni ayikwazi.

Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. Ngena ngemvume, wamukelekile.

Ungathanda ukuthola zonke izimpahla ozidingayo mahhala, uma ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele ubambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni kwazo, kanye nabanye abathengi?

• 64,8%Yebo619

• 23,1%No221

• 12,1%Buza kamuva116

Bangu-956 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-162 bayenqaba.

Source: www.habr.com