Kulesi sihloko ngifuna ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zomthombo ovulekile Zabbix kanye ne-Grafana ukuze ngibone ngeso lengqondo ukusebenza kwemigqa yokukhiqiza. Ulwazi lungase lube wusizo kulabo abafuna indlela esheshayo yokubonisa noma ukuhlaziya idatha eqoqwe kuma-industrial automation noma amaphrojekthi e-IoT. I-athikili ayisona isifundo esinemininingwane, kodwa umqondo wesistimu yokuqapha esekelwe kusofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile wesitshalo sokukhiqiza.
Ithuluzi
Zabbix – sekunesikhathi eside siyisebenzisa ukuqapha ingqalasizinda ye-IT yalesi sikhungo. Uhlelo luvele lulula futhi lusebenza emhlabeni wonke kangangokuba saqala ukufaka idatha kusuka emigqeni yokukhiqiza, izinzwa nezilawuli kulo. Lokhu kusivumele ukuthi siqoqe yonke idatha yamamethrikhi endaweni eyodwa, senze amagrafu alula okusetshenziswa kwensiza nokusebenza kwemishini, kodwa besintula ngempela izibalo namagrafu amahle.
UGrafana iyithuluzi elinamandla lokuhlaziya nokubona idatha. Inombolo enkulu yama-plugin ikuvumela ukuthi uthathe idatha emithonjeni ehlukahlukene (i-zabbix, i-clickhouse, i-influxDB), uyicubungule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (bala inani eliphakathi, isamba, umehluko, njll.) futhi udwebe zonke izinhlobo zamagrafu (kusuka emigqeni elula, ama-speedometer, amathebula emidwebeni eyinkimbinkimbi).
Draw.io - isevisi evumela ukuthi udwebe kusuka kumdwebo webhulokhi olula ukuya ohlelweni lwephansi kumhleli we-intanethi. Kunezifanekiso eziningi esezilungile nezinto ezidwetshiwe. Idatha ingathunyelwa kuwo wonke amafomethi amakhulu wezithombe noma i-xml.
Ukuhlanganisa konke
Kunezihloko eziningi ezibhaliwe mayelana nendlela yokufaka nokulungisa i-Grafana ne-Zabbix, ngizokutshela mayelana namaphuzu ayinhloko wokucushwa.
“Inodi yenethiwekhi” (umsingathi) idaliwe kuseva ye-Zabbix, ezoba ngumnikazi “wezinto zedatha” (izinto) ezinamamethrikhi avela kuzinzwa zethu. Kutuswa ukuthi ucabange ngamagama ama-node nezakhi zedatha kusengaphambili futhi uwenze ahleleke ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba sizowafinyelela kusuka ku-grafana ngokusebenzisa izinkulumo ezivamile. Le ndlela ifanelekile ngoba ungathola idatha eqenjini lezinto ngesicelo esisodwa.
Ukuze ulungiselele i-grafana uzodinga ukufaka ama-plugin engeziwe:
- I-Zabbix ka-Alexander Zobnin (i-alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app) - ukuhlanganiswa ne-zabbix
- I-natel-discrete-panel – i-plugin yokubona ngeso elihlukile kugrafu evundlile
- pierosavi-imageit-panel – i-plugin yokubonisa idatha phezu kwesithombe sakho
- i-agent-flowcharting-panel - i-plugin yokuboniswa okuguquguqukayo komdwebo ovela ku-draw.io
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Zabbix ngokwayo kumiswa ku-grafana, into yemenyu ConfigurationData sourcesZabbix. Lapho udinga ukucacisa ikheli leseva ye-api zabbix, yilokhu enginakho , futhi ungene ngemvume ngephasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, lapho ulondoloza izilungiselelo kuzoba nomlayezo onenombolo yenguqulo ye-api: inguqulo ye-zabbix API: 5.0.1
Ukudala Ideshibhodi
Yilapho umlingo weGrafana nama-plugin aqala khona.
I-plugin ye-Natel-discrete-panel
Sinedatha ngesimo sezinjini emigqeni (ukusebenza = 1, ukungasebenzi =0). Sisebenzisa igrafu eqondile, singadweba isikali esizobonisa: isimo senjini, mangakhi imizuzu/amahora noma % esebenze nokuthi iqaliswe kangaki.
Ukubona ngeso lengqondo izimo zenjini
Ngokubona kwami, leli elinye lamagrafu angcono kakhulu okubuka ukusebenza kwehadiwe. Ungabona ngokushesha ukuthi isebenze isikhathi eside kangakanani nokuthi yiziphi izindlela esebenza ngayo kaningi. Kungaba nedatha eningi, kungenzeka ukuyihlanganisa ngobubanzi, iguqule ngamavelu (uma inani lingu-“1”, bese ulibonisa njengokuthi “VULIWE”)
I-Plugin pierosavi-imageit-panel
I-Image ilungele ukusetshenziswa uma usuvele unomdwebo odwetshiwe noma ipulani yaphansi ofuna ukusebenzisa kuyo idatha evela kuzinzwa. Kuzilungiselelo zokubuka, udinga ukucacisa i-URL esithombeni bese wengeza izici zezinzwa ozidingayo. Isici siyavela esithombeni futhi singabekwa endaweni oyifunayo ngegundane.
Umdwebo wesithando somlilo onezinga lokushisa kanye namamethrikhi okucindezela
I-plugin yephaneli ye-ejenti-flowcharting
Ngingathanda ukukhuluma kabanzi mayelana nokudala ukubonwa kwe-FlowCharting, njengoba iyithuluzi elisebenza ngendlela emangalisayo. Ikuvumela ukuthi wenze umdwebo oguquguqukayo we-mnemonic, izakhi ezizosabela kumanani wamamethrikhi (shintsha umbala, isikhundla, igama, njll.).
Ithola idatha
Ukwakhiwa kwanoma iyiphi into yokubuka ku-Grafana kuqala ngesicelo sedatha evela kumthombo, esimweni sethu yi-zabbix. Sisebenzisa imibuzo, sidinga ukuthola wonke amamethrikhi esifuna ukuwasebenzisa kumdwebo. Imininingwane yemethrikhi amagama wezinto zedatha ku-Zabbix; ungacacisa i-metric ngayinye noma isethi ehlungwe ngendlela evamile. Esibonelweni sami, inkambu Yento iqukethe inkulumo ethi: “/(^line 1)|(availability)|(zucchini)/” - lokhu kusho: khetha wonke amamethrikhi amagama awo aqala ngokuqinile “ngomugqa 1” noma aqukethe igama elithi “ukutholakala ” noma iqukethe igama elithi "zucchini"
Isibonelo sokusetha isicelo sedatha ezinjinini zomugqa wokuqala kanye nokutholakala kwezinto zokusetshenziswa
Ukuguqulwa kwedatha
Idatha yomthombo ingase ingabi njalo ngendlela esidinga ukuyibonisa ngayo. Isibonelo, sinedatha yomzuzu nomzuzu ngesisindo somkhiqizo esitsheni (kg), futhi sidinga ukubonisa izinga lokugcwalisa ngo-t/ihora. Ngenza lokhu ngale ndlela elandelayo: Ngithatha idatha yesisindo futhi ngiyiguqule ngomsebenzi we-grafana delta, obala umehluko phakathi kwamanani e-metric, ngakho isisindo samanje sishintsha sibe kg/min. Bese ngiphindaphinda ngo-0.06 ukuze ngithole umphumela ngamathani/ihora. Njengoba imethrikhi yesisindo isetshenziswa emibuzweni embalwa, ngicacisa isiteketiso sayo esisha (setAlias) futhi ngizosisebenzisa kumthetho wokuboniswa.
Isibonelo sokusebenzisa i-delta nepharamitha yokuphindaphinda nokuqamba kabusha imethrikhi embuzweni
Nasi esinye isibonelo sokuguqulwa kwedatha: Bengidinga ukubala inani lamaqoqo (ukuqala komjikelezo = ukuqala kwenjini). I-metric ibalwa ngokusekelwe esimweni senjini "umugqa 1 - iphampu yepompo kusuka ku-tank 1 (isimo)". Uguquko: sishintsha idatha yemethrikhi yoqobo ngomsebenzi we-delta (umehluko wamanani), ngakho imethrikhi izoba nenani elithi “+1” lokuqalisa injini, “-1” lokumisa kanye “no-0” lapho injini yenza ungashintshi isimo sayo. Bese ngisusa wonke amanani angaphansi kuka-1 bese ngiwafingqa. Umphumela uba inani lenjini eqalayo.
Isibonelo sokuguqula idatha isuke esimweni samanje iye kwinombolo yokuqala
Manje mayelana nokubonwa ngokwako
Kuzilungiselelo zokubonisa kunenkinobho ethi "Hlela Dweba"; yethula umhleli ongadweba kuwo umdwebo. Into ngayinye emdwebeni inemingcele yayo. Isibonelo, uma ucacisa izilungiselelo zefonti kusihleli, zizosetshenziswa ekubukeni idatha ku-Grafana.
Yile ndlela umhleli abukeka ngayo ku-Draw.io
Ngemva kokulondoloza umdwebo, uzovela ku-grafana futhi ungakha imithetho yokushintsha izakhi.
Kumapharamitha() siyacacisa:
- Izinketho—setha igama lomthetho, igama noma isibizo semethrikhi okuzosetshenziswa idatha yayo (Sebenzisa kumamethrikhi). Uhlobo lokuhlanganisa idatha (Ukuhlanganisa) luthinta umphumela wokugcina wemethrikhi, ngakho Okokugcina kusho ukuthi inani lokugcina lizokhethwa, isilinganiso senani elimaphakathi lenkathi ekhethiwe ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla.
- I-Thresholds - ipharamitha yamanani e-threshold ichaza i-logic yesicelo sombala, okungukuthi, umbala okhethiwe uzosetshenziswa kuma-elementi akumdwebo kuye ngedatha yemethrikhi. Esibonelweni sami, uma inani lamamethrikhi lingu-“0”, isimo sithi “Kulungile”, umbala uzoba luhlaza, uma inani lithi “>1”, isimo sizoba Esibucayi futhi umbala ube bomvu.
- Imephu yombala/yethiphu yamathuluzi" kanye "Nemephu Yelebula/Yombhalo" - ukukhetha isici se-schema nesimo sokuziphatha kwaso. Esimeni sokuqala, into izopendiwa ngaphezulu, okwesibili, kuzoba nombhalo kuyo nedatha evela kumethrikhi. Ukuze ukhethe into kumdwebo, udinga ukuchofoza uphawu lwesifunda bese uchofoza kumdwebo.
Kulesi sibonelo, ngipenda iphampu nomcibisholo wayo obomvu uma isebenza futhi iluhlaza uma ingasebenzi.
Ngisebenzisa i-plugin ye-flowcharting, ngikwazile ukudweba umdwebo wawo wonke umugqa, lapho:
- umbala wamayunithi uyashintsha ngokuhambisana nesimo sawo
- kune-alamu yokungabikho komkhiqizo ezitsheni
- ukulungiselelwa kwefrikhwensi yemoto kuyavezwa
- ukugcwalisa ithangi lokuqala / isivinini sokulahla
- inani lemijikelezo yokusebenza komugqa (inqwaba) ibalwa
Ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukusebenza komugqa wokukhiqiza
Umphumela
Into eyayinzima kakhulu kimi kwakuwukuthola idatha kubalawuli. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwe-Zabbix mayelana nokwamukela idatha kanye nokuvumelana nezimo kwe-Grafana ngenxa yama-plugin, kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela ukudala isikrini esibanzi sokuqapha umugqa wokukhiqiza. Ukubona ngeso lengqondo kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukubuka amagrafu nezibalo zezwe, kanye nokufinyelela okulula ngewebhu kuwo wonke umuntu onentshisekelo kukho - konke lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuhlonza izingqinamba kanye nokusetshenziswa okungasebenzi kwamayunithi.
isiphetho
Ngiyithande ngempela inhlanganisela ye-Zabbix+Grafana futhi ngincoma ukuthi uyinake uma udinga ukucubungula ngokushesha idatha evela kuzilawuli noma izinzwa ngaphandle kokuhlela noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuthengisa eyinkimbinkimbi. Yebo, lokhu ngeke kuthathe indawo yezinhlelo ze-SCADA ezichwepheshile, kodwa kuzokwanela njengethuluzi lokuqapha okumaphakathi kwawo wonke umkhiqizo.
Source: www.habr.com