Bengilokhu nginentshisekelo yokuthi ukusingathwa okuncane kusebenza kanjani, futhi muva nje ngithole ithuba lokukhuluma ngalesi sihloko no-Evgeniy Rusachenko () - umsunguli we-lite.host. Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ngihlela ukwenza ezinye izingxoxo eziningi, uma umelela umsingathi futhi ufuna ukukhuluma ngolwazi lwakho, ngizokujabulela ukuxoxa nawe, ngoba lokhu ungangibhalela ngemiyalezo yangasese noma ku- [i-imeyili ivikelwe].
Sitshele, unesikhathi esingakanani usokhaya? Ufike kanjani kulokhu futhi uqale kuphi?
Bengilokhu ngibamba kusukela ngo-2007. Iphrojekthi yokuqala kwakuwumdlalo wombhalo we-inthanethi wamafoni, futhi angizange ngithande izinkinga eziningi kumasayithi ahlukahlukene lapho engiwuthumele khona. Ngaleso sikhathi, abangani bami babenza ukusingathwa okuncane, futhi ngemva kokukhuluma nabo nganquma ukudala eyami. Ngiqale ngezinsizakalo zomthengisi ezisuselwe kuphaneli yokulawula ye-DirectAdmin. Isebenza kalula - uthenga ukusingathwa okubonakalayo okunekhono lokuzenzela eyakho amanani futhi uwathengise kuwebhusayithi yakho. Lolu wuhlelo olulungele labo abasanda kuqala ngoba kudingeka izindleko ezincane. Ngokuzayo, ungakhuphula umthamo, ushintshele kumaseva abonakalayo, bese uye kwabazinikele. Izinkampani ezinkulu ngaleso sikhathi azizange zinikeze ukuthengisa; Ngasebenzisa ukuthengisa kabusha kusuka ku-inhoster.ru naku-clickhost.ru. Zombili lezi zinkampani okwamanje azisebenzi, futhi abangani bami nabo bakuvalile ukusingathwa kwabo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukusingathwa okusekelwe kubathengisi akuzixazululanga izinkinga zomdlalo we-inthanethi; akuzange kuhlale ekusingatheni isikhathi eside futhi kudluliselwe kuseva ehlukile ngenxa yokukhula komdlalo we-inthanethi.
Hlobo luni lwephaneli yokulawula eyayilapho ngaleso sikhathi, hlobo luni lwenkokhelo olusebenzisile?
Ngaqala nge-DirectAdmin, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukusingathwa nge-Cpanel kanye ne-ISPmanager kwavela. Uma siqhathanisa idatha yephaneli, i-DirectAdmin isengcono kakhulu kimi, kokubili mayelana nokuzinza nokuphatha. Angiyithandi ngempela i-ISPmanager ngoba ayizinzile. Ekuqaleni ngasebenzisa i-Bpanel njengohlelo lokukhokha, kodwa yacishe yayeka ukukhula, ngakho ngo-2011 ngayishintsha nge-WHMCS, engisayisebenzisa.
Ithikithi lokuqala ngemva kokushintsha isistimu yokukhokha
Uqale kanjani ukuthola amaklayenti? Uwakhanga kanjani amakhasimende manje futhi usebenzisa ukukhangisa?
Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-3, ββinani lamakhasimende lalincane, kwakungekho ama-oda angaphezu kuka-10 ngenyanga, isibalo saqala ukukhula. Ngizamile ukukhangisa iphrojekthi ku-Yandex.Direct kanye ne-Google Ads, kodwa ayizange ikhokhe. Izindleko zokuchofoza ku-Yandex.Direct ziphezulu kakhulu kunezindleko zanyanga zonke zezinhlelo eziningi zokubamba, ezingenanzuzo ngokwedlulele. Ezikhangisweni ze-Google, izindleko ngokuchofoza ngakunye zivela zikhululekile, kodwa kunomuzwa wokuthi ama-bots kuphela achofoza esikhangisweni. Ngisanda kuzama ukukhangisa ukusingathwa ku-VKontakte, izindleko ngokuchofoza ngakunye kube nenzuzo enkulu, kodwa kunzima ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle, ngoba kukhona okuvelayo noshintsho olumbalwa. Manje ngiyaqhubeka nokuthumela izindaba ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, nakuba ithrafikhi evela kuzo incane, ikhulisa ukuqashelwa. Ukukhangisa kokusingatha kuncane (imibuzo enegama kuphela nokuqondisa kabusha), ukuthutheleka okukhulu kwamaklayenti kwenzeka ngomlomo.
Yenzeka kanjani enye intuthuko?
Ngesinye isikhathi, izinsiza zezindleko eziphezulu azizange zanele, futhi amakhasimende aqala ukucela izinguquko ezihlukahlukene ezingenakwenzeka ngaphakathi kohlaka lokudayiswa kabusha (isibonelo, ku-DirectAdmin kusenzima ukuxhuma isizinda esifana ne- *.example .com ezingeni leklayenti). Ngaleso sikhathi, angizange ngikuqonde ukuphatha, kodwa lokho akuzange kungivimbele ukuthi ngishintshele kuseva ebonakalayo. Ngokuzama namaphutha, ngathola ulwazi, kodwa lokhu kwaba nomthelela omncane ekuzinzeni komsebenzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngashintshela kumaseva azinikezele e-Hetzner ne-OVH. Ukushintshela kumaseva ethu kusivumele ukuthi sithengise izinsiza zomthengisi, njengoba muva nje ngisebenzise lezi zinsizakalo ngokwami, kubonakale kupholile kakhulu. Ngemuva kwenkinga yemali ngo-2014, ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwadingeka kuncishiswe ukuze kugcinwe izindleko zentela. Kwanqunywa ukuthi kuyekwe ukuqashwa kwamaseva phesheya futhi kudluliselwe yonke ingqalasizinda eRussia. Ekuqaleni ngaqasha amaseva ku-renter.ru, kodwa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS, ngashintshela ku-Selectel ukuze ngibambe amaseva ami futhi ngakwazi ukuvikeleka ekuhlaselweni.
Enye yamaseva okuqala
Ingabe ngiqonda kahle ukuthi umsebenzi wakho oyinhloko ukusingathwa okubonakalayo?
Yebo, lokhu ikakhulukazi ukusingathwa okubonakalayo; Ngivame ukudlulisa amakhasimende kumaseva abonakalayo angasenazo izinsiza ezanele noma amawebhusayithi asetshenziswe kabi. Amanani entengo akhethwa ngawodwana ukuze azuzise iklayenti. Amaseva abonakalayo ngokwawo awathengisi kahle esizeni. Angiwathengisi amaseva azinikezele, ngoba izethameli zami azinasidingo sazo.
Sitshele mayelana nesayithi: kwenzeke kanjani, ingabe wazenzela noma wa-oda endaweni ethile?
Ngethula iwebhusayithi yami yokuqala ngo-2007 kusizinda se-lite-host.in. Yayingeyokuqala, yenziwe edolweni. Ngo-2011, ngabuyekeza iwebhusayithi, ngayala ukuklama nesakhiwo kusuka kuma-freelancers, futhi ngabhala ingxenye yeseva ngokwami.
Ku-2014, ngenza esinye isibuyekezo sewebhusayithi, kulokhu ngenza konke ngokwami ββngokusekelwe kuthempulethi ethandwayo ye-Unity.
Ngemva konyaka, ngathenga igama lesizinda elithi lite.host futhi ngabuyekeza isayithi futhi, ngaleli fomu lisekhona kuze kube namuhla.
Kunezindaba ezimbalwa ezihlobene nesizinda esidala. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ibhalisiwe, othile wabhalisa ikheli elifanayo kwenye indawo, futhi amakhasimende aqala ukudideka. Lona kwaba umfutho wokubhalisa isizinda esisha se-lite.host, kodwa enye isevisi yaphinda yazihlukanisa futhi yabhalisa igama lesizinda sokusingatha i-lite. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokuvuselelwa kwayo zikhuphuke zaba ama-ruble angu-20 000 ngonyaka, yingakho beyishiya (lokhu kuwukucabangela; isizathu sangempela sokwenqaba ukuvuselela asaziwa kimi). Eminyakeni emibili edlule ngazama ukwethula iwebhusayithi yolimi lwesiNgisi, kodwa kungakapheli unyaka angikwazanga ukuheha omunye umuntu ngaphandle kwamakhasimende ayishumi nambili avela e-China, futhi le nguqulo yesayithi yavalwa.
Ingabe usebenza wedwa noma eqenjini?
Ngisebenza ngedwa, futhi ngivame ukubuzwa ukuthi ngihambisana kanjani nakho konke, njengoba manje kunezinsizakalo ezingaphezu kwe-4 namasayithi angu-700 abanjwe kumaseva. Kimina akukho okuxakayo noma okumangazayo kulokhu, ngoba izinqubo eziningi ziyazenzakalela. Iklayenti lingakwazi ukubeka i-oda ngokuzimela, liphathe iwebhusayithi, lishintshe inguqulo ye-PHP, lixhume isitifiketi futhi lenze ezinye izenzo ezidingekayo. Ukuqapha kwawo wonke amaseva eminyakeni eminingi kuye kwalungiswa ngenxa yenani elikhulu lentuthuko yethu, okuthi, uma kunezinkinga, kuzixazulule ngokuzenzakalelayo, noma, uma kwenzeka okuthile okungajwayelekile, ungazise nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkinga azivamile. Uma ngidinga ukuya endaweni ethile, ngikhipha ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe kusuka ku-isplicense.ru. Ezinye izibalo: onyakeni odlule, amathikithi angu-9 asetshenziwe, okungaba yi-000 ngosuku, isicelo ngasinye sithola isilinganiso semilayezo emi-4 evela kuklayenti. Akuthathi amahora angaphezu kwama-695 ngosuku ukusiza amakhasimende (lokhu kucabangela ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele uqonde amawebhusayithi amaklayenti). Kulokhu-ke angikasiboni isidingo sokuqasha abasebenzi abengeziwe, ngoba ngeke nje kube khona okuzobagcina bematasa.
Usiphatha kanjani isikhathi sakho? Ingabe usebenza endaweni ethile noma ubamba umsebenzi wakho oyinhloko?
Usuku lwami ngokuvamile luqala ngokuphatha amathikithi okusekela. Ngokungafani nokukhishwa kwempahla, ngizama ukubikezela imibuzo elandelayo yeklayenti futhi nginikeze izimpendulo ezinemininingwane ukuze ngixazulule ngokuphelele inkinga yakhe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ngigweme izicelo eziphindaphindiwe. Lokhu ngokuvamile akuthathi isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa, bese ngihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuphatha, noma ngixazulule izinkinga ezithile zokuhlela, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye ngicubungula izicelo zosekelo ezintsha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphrojekthi eyinhloko kimi ibamba. Angikwazi ukubiza iphrojekthi yami ngebhizinisi, njengoba ngingazibeki umgomo wokukhipha inzuzo enkulu. Into eyinhloko kimi ukunikeza iklayenti isevisi yekhwalithi ukuze isebenze nami isikhathi eside. Ngisebenza ekhaya, isimiso sami ngokuvamile siyavumelana nezimo, kodwa angikwazi ukuhlala ngingenzi lutho. Ngesikhathi sami sokuphumula ngihlala ngifunda izinto ezintsha, ngizama noma ngithuthukisa okuthile ngezinjongo zomuntu siqu. Angithandi ukuhamba; ukuze ngihlale ngiwumqemane futhi nginempilo, ngigibela ibhayisikili.
Yini enye oyenzayo ngaphandle kwamathikithi okuphendula?
Eminyakeni egcwele engu-12 yomsebenzi embonini yokubamba, ngiqongelele ulwazi oluningi, olungivumela ukuthi ngixazulule cishe noma iyiphi inkinga emkhakheni wezinhlelo nokuphatha. Ngokuvamile angizibophezeli ukuthuthukisa noma yimaphi amaphrojekthi engizowa-oda (noma kunjalo, kunedlanzana lamakhasimende engisebenze nawo kule ndlela eminyakeni emi-5 edlule, futhi ngisasebenza nawo). Manje bavame ukuphendukela kimi ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Iseva yothile noma iwebhusayithi ayisebenzi, ithimba labaphathi noma abahleli bezinhlelo abakwazi ukunquma izizathu zokungasebenzi isikhathi eside, bayangibhalela, ngikhomba futhi ngixazulule inkinga ngesikhathi esifushane. Isikhathi esisele ngicwenga izinhlelo zokubamba zangaphakathi noma ngenze okuthile okusha. Isibonelo, ngoMashi sethule isistimu entsha yokwenza isipele; amakhasimende alithande ngempela ikhono lokudala izipele nokubuyisela amasayithi ngokuchofoza okumbalwa, kungakhathaliseki iphaneli yokulawula esetshenzisiwe. Manje ngithuthukisa iphaneli yokulawula iseva, ukusebenza okuyinhloko (ukufakwa kweseva, ukuyivula nokuyivala, ideskithophu ekude) sekuqalisiwe, amanye amaklayenti asebenza nayo kwimodi yokuhlola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwethu lokuqapha kuqhubeka ngesivinini esincane kakhulu, njengoba zingekho izixazululo ezanele esezilungile. Ingxenye yangaphakathi isivele isilungile futhi iyasebenza, kodwa namanje asikho isikhombimsebenzisi. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sizokwazi ukuphothula futhi sethule uhlelo emphakathini ukuze uqoqe impendulo.
Mangaki amaseva akho atholakala, kuphi futhi ngani? Mangaki amaklayenti akuseva?
Manje ngineziphakeli zami ezingu-8, ngizisingatha e-Selectel (St. Petersburg), ngiqasha amaseva angu-2 ku-OVH (Europe) kanye neseva eyodwa yezipele ku-PinSPB (St. Petersburg). Ngihlala ngibeka ama-backups esikhungweni sedatha esihlukile, kulokhu ngingu-paranoid kancane. Inani lamakhasimende kuseva lincike ekucushweni, kumaseva amadala kunama-akhawunti angaba ngu-500 wokubamba ama-virtual, amasha angaphezulu kuka-1000. Njengamanje ngisingatha amaseva abonakalayo kumathathu angokwenyama, ngalinye linamakhasimende angaba ngu-30. I-OVH yakhethwa ngokwenani lemali. Ngakhetha i-Selectel e-St. Petersburg ngoba ngivakashela leli dolobha kaningi kunabanye, futhi nginabangane abangasiza ekulethweni kwamaseva nezingxenye. Isikhungo sedatha ngokwaso sisikhanga ngomlando waso (sesisebenze isikhathi eside, sinezindawo eziningi, inkampani ezinzile enegama elihle), ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo kanye nezindleko. Ukusingatha iseva eyodwa kubiza ama-ruble angu-3 ngenyanga.
Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ngokushoda noma izindleko zamakheli e-IP?
Ngaphambilini, ngangiqasha amakheli esikhungweni sedatha ye-Selectel, inani lalingama-ruble angu-60 ngenyanga, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bakhuphula izindleko, futhi baqasha iseva ngama-ruble angu-300 ngenyanga, bekhokha ingxenye yesithathu yale mali ngekheli le-IP, yaba engenanzuzo. Ngisanda kuqasha ibhulokhi yamakheli angama-256 enhlanganweni yomuntu wesithathu futhi ngamemezela ku-Selectel, izindleko zekheli zehla zaba ama-ruble angama-20. Manje azikho izinkinga ngamakheli, umthamo wamanje uzongigcina isikhathi eside.
Sitshele mayelana nokuguquguquka kokukhula kwenani lamaklayenti.
Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, ekuqaleni inani lamaklayenti lalincane. Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kuka-2012, inani lama-oda amasha lenyuke izikhathi ezi-4, ngenxa yokuthi isisekelo samakhasimende sakhula izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka olandelayo. Kubuye kube nezikhathi lapho kwakungekho cishe ukukhula esisekelweni samakhasimende, kodwa lesi sikhathi saguqulwa ngokuqala ukubambisana nezitudiyo zewebhu. Ngonyaka odlule, ngaziyeka izinhlelo ezishibhile zanyanga zonke, ezehlisa umthwalo emnyangweni wokweseka futhi zathuthukisa izinga lokushintshashintsha kwamakhasimende. Ukugeleza okuyinhloko kwamakhasimende kuvela ezincomo zalabo asebevele besebenzisa izinsizakalo. Ukukhangisa manje akuchithi ngaphezu kuka-1% wenzuzo yanyanga zonke, njengoba kungasebenzi.
Ingabe unawo amaklayenti abesebenza nawe kusukela ekuqaleni?
Ngeshwa, azikho izibalo zika-2007 ngenxa yoshintsho ekukhokheni ngo-2011, kodwa amaklayenti angu-11 asasebenza kusukela ngoJanuwari 14, 2011, ngenkathi ukushintshela ekukhokheni okusha kwenzeka. Emuva ngo-2014, ukusingathwa kwamahhala kwethulwa, okungasetshenziselwa izinjongo zemfundo. Kukhona abantu abasayisebenzisa, kodwa akukho ukukhangisa kumasayithi, futhi abakhokhi i-ruble eyodwa.
Uvame ukukhokhelwa kanjani? Ingabe bukhona ubunzima bokwamukela izinkokhelo? Ingabe uyazenzela eyakho i-accounting?
Amakhasimende amaningi akhokhela izinsizakalo ngekhadi lasebhange, kulandele i-Yandex.Money, WebMoney, Sberbank.Online kanye ne-QIWI edumile (lezi izibalo zonyaka odlule; ngaphambilini i-WebMoney ibidume kakhulu kune-Yandex.Money, kanti i-QIWI yayingaphambi kwe-Sberbank .Ku-inthanethi). Ngiyazamukela izinkokhelo nge-UnitPay, Yandex.Kassa kanye ne-Robokassa (i-aggregator yenkokhelo incike endleleni yokukhokha). Lapho ngenza inguqulo yesiNgisi yesayithi, ngengeze ukwamukela izinkokhelo nge-PayPal, kodwa u-1% kuphela wabathengi abayisebenzisayo. Ukwamukelwa kwazo zonke izinkokhelo kuyazenzakalela; lokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokubalwa kwezimali.
Kuze kube ngu-2018, angizange ngisebenze nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni ngenxa yokungenakwenzeka kokuzenzakalela ngokugcwele ukucubungula izinkokhelo ku-akhawunti yamanje, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemibhalo yokubika ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuthumela ikhophi yephepha. Manje ukusebenza nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni ku-othomathikhi ngokugcwele, imibhalo isayinwa ngesiginesha ye-elekthronikhi efanelekayo futhi iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu. Ekuqaleni babeyixwaya imibhalo enjalo, kodwa base beyijwayela. Ngenxa yezehlakalo zakamuva, abaningi sebeqala ukuqonda ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukuphathwa kwemibhalo ye-elekthronikhi. I-accounting ngiyenza ngokwami, akunzima neze ngenxa ye-automation. Kwanele ukuqhathanisa izinombolo, usayine futhi uthumele umbiko ngaphansi kohlelo lwentela olwenziwe lula kanye ngonyaka.
Kukangaki kuba nezinkinga zobuchwepheshe ngamaseva? Yibuphi ubunzima oye wahlangana nabo?
Kuyo yonke iminyaka yokusebenza, amadiski avame ukuhluleka; uma sekunenkinga ngokunikezwa kwamandla. Angikhumbuli noma yiziphi izinkinga ngezinye izingxenye zeseva. Lapho ngiqasha amaseva ku-OVH futhi ugesi wehluleka, awushintsha amasonto ambalwa. Inkinga enkulu bekungukuthi iseva ibisebenza, kodwa ibiba yiqhwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kwakunzima kakhulu ukuchaza lokhu ukusekela; ekugcineni, ngimane nga-oda iseva entsha futhi ngadlulisela amaklayenti kuyo, futhi ngavala iseva endala ngemva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwenkokhelo. Izinkinga ngamadiski zenzeke ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa i-Hetzner, kodwa lapho ehluleka, ashintshwa ngaphandle kwemibuzo futhi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ingabe unayo iseva eyisipele uma kwenzeka enye ekhona ingaphumeleli? Ingabe unazo izingxenye eziyisipele ezigcinwe esikhungweni sedatha? Ukushintshwa noma ukulungiswa kuzokwenzeka kanjani?
Yebo, kukhona iseva eyisipele esikhungweni sedatha, equkethe amadiski ahlukahlukene. Lesi sinqumo senziwe ngenxa yokuthi ukuqasha iseli ukuze kugcinwe izingxenye kubiza cishe uhhafu wokubamba iseva, futhi ngisho nokushintshwa kwamandla akukwazi ukungena kuseli. Uma i-disk ihluleka, abasebenzi besikhungo sedatha bazoyishintsha ngokucela; uma ezinye izingxenye zesiphakeli zihluleka, amadiski azovele athuthelwe kuseva yokusekelayo, ngemva kwalokho ngizoxazulula inkinga yokulungisa iseva ehlulekile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngangisesikhungweni sedatha ye-Selectel kanye kuphela, ngilethe imibhalo, futhi angikaze ngizilethele amaseva ngokwami.
Yiziphi iziphakeli nezingxenye ozisebenzisayo? Kubiza malini konke lokhu?
Ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ngathenga iseva entsha yeSuperMicro esekwe ku-Intel Xeon E2288G kanye ne-NVMe SSD Samsung PM983 drives; iseva ibize ama-ruble angama-223. Ngesikhathi sale nhlolokhono, le phrosesa iphakathi kwabathathu abaphezulu ekuhlolweni okuwuchungechunge olulodwa . Isivinini samawebhusayithi ngokuvamile sincike ebuningini bomgogodla owodwa, ngakho-ke singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi amawebhusayithi azosebenza ngokushesha kakhulu kuseva entsha nge-E2288G.
Ngaphambilini, ngithenge izinto ezisekelwayo nge-galtsystems.com, kodwa njengoba izindleko zeseva ezisekelwe ku-Intel Xeon E5-2XXX processors ziqhathaniswa nezindleko namandla aphelele ku-Intel Xeon E2288G, nginqume ukuthenga iseva entsha ukuze ngibambe ngokubonakalayo. Ngizosebenzisa izinsizakalo ze-Galt Systems kumaseva abonakalayo, ngoba kunenzuzo enkulu ukuthenga i-Intel Xeon E5-2XXX ngazo.
Ngokusingatha ngisebenzisa amaseva ane-Intel Xeon E5530, E5-2665, E5-2670 kanye ne-E-2288G processors kanye ne-RAM kusuka ku-64 kuya ku-128 GB. Iseva eyisipele yi-Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2. Lapho ngihlanganisa amaseva okuqala, ngasebenzisa amadrayivu e-Samsung EVO 850 500 GB SSD, kodwa aqeda insiza yawo yokuqopha eminyakeni emi-2. Ngabe sengithatha i-Toshiba HK4R 1.92 TB, eminyakeni emi-2 insiza yokuqopha yasetshenziswa kuphela yi-2.5%. Kulo nyaka ngithathe i-Kioxia HK6-R (lolu wuhlobo olusha lwe-Toshiba) enamandla angu-1.92 TB, futhi nganquma nokuzama amadrayivu e-NVMe e-Samsung PM983 enamandla angu-1.92 TB; manje afakwe kumaseva amasha wokubamba.
Ingabe kunethrafikhi eyanele? Kukangaki ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS futhi kubiza kangakanani ukuvikela? Ingabe usebenzisa noma yimaphi amasevisi ezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze ugade ukutholakala?
Azikho izinkinga ngethrafikhi, isikhungo sedatha sihlinzeka ngesiteshi esingu-1 Gbit/s kuseva ngayinye enomkhawulo wethrafikhi we-30 TB ngenyanga, ngiyisebenzisela ukudlulisa amakhophi ayisipele. Amawebhusayithi asebenza ngesevisi yokuvikela ukuhlasela, lapho inani eliphelele lomthwalo kuwo wonke amaseva lingeqi ku-50 Mbit/s (lokhu cishe ku-15 TB ngenyanga). Emini, inani lezicelo kuwo wonke amaseva lifinyelela ku-520 ngomzuzwana.
Kuze kube ngu-2017, cishe angikaze ngihlangabezane nokuhlaselwa; zazilula, zaxoshwa yizikhungo zedatha. Kodwa kusukela ngoMeyi 2017, kwaqala ukuhlasela, cishe abanye abaqhudelana nabo abangenangqondo benza lokhu, ngoba bahlasele wonke amaseva ngokungahleliwe. Uma iklayenti elithile lihlaselwe, khona-ke ukuhlaselwa bekuyoba kuseva eyodwa. Ekuqaleni ngazama ukuba ummeleli wethrafikhi ngokusebenzisa izikhungo zedatha ezivikelwe (ihor.ru, databor.ru, ovh.ie nezinye), kodwa lokhu akuphumelelanga. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-OVH ibhekane kahle nokuhlaselwa, kodwa ngenxa yokwanda kwe-ping, amakhasimende akhononda ngesivinini sokusebenza. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ngathintana ne-team-host.ru, bahlela isiteshi esivikelekile phezu kwenethiwekhi yendawo phakathi kwezikhungo zedatha, futhi lokhu kwavala ngokuphelele indaba yokuhlaselwa. Ngithanda ukuzwakalisa ukubonga kwami ββokujulile ku-Alexander Chernyshev, wangisiza kakhulu ngesikhathi esinzima! Ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni kubiza uhhafu wezindleko zokubamba wonke amaseva. Ukuqapha kwangaphandle ngisebenzisa isevisi ye-monitorus.ru, ethumela isicelo kuseva ngayinye futhi ihlola impendulo. Ngonyaka ka-2018-2019, ISIKHATHI esimaphakathi sawo wonke amaseva sasingu-99.995%.
Imbobo yenethiwekhi yokubamba okubonakalayo
Yibaphi abadlali abakhulu obambisene nabo futhi uzibhalisa kuphi izizinda zakho? Ingabe kube khona izimo eziyimpikiswano?
Ngibhalisa amagama esizinda ezindaweni ze-RU ne-RF ku-reg.ru. Zingifanele kokubili ngokwekhwalithi yesevisi kanye nezindleko. Ukusekela kuphendula ngokushesha futhi iphuzu. Okuwukuphela kwento engajabulisi engiyikhumbulayo ukwenyuka kwakamuva kwezindleko zezizinda ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isaziso. Ngibhalisa izizinda zakwamanye amazwe nge-resellerclub.com, nazo zenza umsebenzi oncomekayo.
Ingabe unazo izeluleko zamaklayenti esikhathi esizayo?
Ngikweluleka ukuthi ungathengi amaseva abonakalayo kumasayithi amancane, akusizi ngalutho. Iphaneli yokulawula, ukuqapha kanye nokuphatha kubiza imali noma kuthatha isikhathi. Lokhu kuvame ukufakwa enanini lokubamba, kodwa intengo yokugcina iphansi. Ukusingathwa okubonakalayo kwesimanjemanje, okulungiselelwe kahle kwehluka kancane kuneseva ngokuya ngokwabiwa kwezinsiza. Futhi uthola inani elithile lezinsiza futhi ungazisebenzisela inhloso yakho oyihlosile.
Ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo zokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi
- Disemba 2007 - kwethulwa iphrojekthi esizindeni se-lite-host.in. Izindleko zazisukela ku-$0.3 kumamegabhayithi angu-25 kuya ku-$4 kumamegabhayithi angu-500. Ukusingathwa bekusekelwe ku-DirectAdmin nabathengisi be-Cpanel.
- 2011 - kwethulwa iwebhusayithi entsha. Dlulisela ku-Hetzner futhi kwethulwe isevisi yomthengisi. Ishintsha i-Bpanel nge-WHMCS. Ekupheleni konyaka bekunamakhasimende abalelwa ku-100.
- 2012 - Usekelo lwe-IPv6 lwengeziwe, kusukela lapho lokhu kukhuluma bekutholakala kuwo wonke amasevisi uma kungenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe. Ekupheleni konyaka, ikhono lokubhalisa amagama wesizinda lanezelwa. Izizinda selokhu zathengiswa ngamanani amancane ukuze kukhokhelwe izintela. Ukuthengisa izizinda kuhloselwe kakhulu ukusiza abasebenzisi; akukho mali engenayo evela kuzo.
- 2013 - ukwengeza amandla okushintsha inguqulo ye-PHP kusuka ku-5.2 kuya ku-5.4 ngefayela elithi .htaccess. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi amaphaneli okulawula ayengakusekeli ukuguqulwa kwenguqulo ye-PHP; lokhu kwakuyintuthuko yawo. Ukuqalisa nge-CloudLinux ukwabelana ngezinsiza, lesi sixazululo sisasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Kwethulwa iseva yokuqala nge-ISPmanager 4 nokushintshela kumadrayivu e-SSD, okukhulise kakhulu ukusebenza. Ehlobo, ukuthengiswa kwamaseva abonakalayo kwaqaliswa. Lo nyaka usuphenduke umfutho omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwenkonzo. Ekuqaleni konyaka bekunamakhasimende angu-150, kwathi ekupheleni konyaka abengu-450.
- 2014 - kwethulwa iwebhusayithi entsha. Kwengezwe ukusekelwa kwefoni, okubonakale kungasebenzi kakhulu, njengoba isikhathi esiningi sichithwa ukuhlonza iklayenti nokuhlaziya inkinga (thola isizinda esiqondile lapho inkinga ikuphi, thola ukufinyelela kokungena kuphaneli yokuphatha, njalo njalo). Ekugcineni, wenqaba ukwesekwa ngocingo. Ngocingo ungakwazi kuphela ukunikeza ukwesekwa yokuziphatha, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha ukuxazulula inkinga. Ukwethulwa kokusingathwa kwamahhala. Ukuthola isitifiketi sokuthi "Uzakwethu Wokusingatha" ku-Bitrix. NgoDisemba, ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwamazinga okushintshaniswa kwemali, kwenziwa isinqumo sokudlulisa izinsizakalo ezivela eYurophu ziye eRussia.
- 2015 - ngo-Ephreli, ukukhuphuka kwentengo yokuqala kumakhasimende kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi i-renter.ru ayizange igcine isithembiso sayo futhi ikhulise intengo yokuqasha izikhathi ezine nesigamu. Bekumele sinyuse izindleko zokuvuselela izinsiza kumakhasimende akhona ngama-30%, futhi samukele ama-oda amasha anophawu lwama-50%. Ukushintshela ku-LSPHP kusuka ku-CloudLinux, uxhumano lwe-FastCGI lwalusetshenziswa ngaphambilini. Ngomhlaka-1 Septhemba, kwasungulwa iwebhusayithi entsha, enomklamo wamanje, futhi kwenziwa ukushintshela kusizinda se-lite.host.
- 2016 - ingeza ukusekelwa kwe-HTTP/2 kanye nezitifiketi ze-Asibethele kuwo wonke amaseva. Ngonyaka wokuqala, kwakhishwa izitifiketi zamahhala ezingaphezu kuka-1000. Ukuthengwa kweseva yokuqala ku-squadra-group.com nokubekwa kwayo ku-pinspb.ru. Ngenxa yokuthi isikhungo sedatha sakhiwe esakhiweni sokuhlala, kwakunzima ukukhuluma ngokuthembeka. Ngo-Ephreli, wathuthela e-Selectel, futhi ekupheleni konyaka wathatha enye iseva ukuze adlulisele izinsizakalo zokubamba i-virtual kusuka ku-renter.ru ukuya kuyo.
- 2017 - ukufakwa kwe-antivirus ye-AI-BOLIT kumaseva, okufanayo . Kusukela lapho, wonke amafayela askeniwe ngesikhathi sangempela; lapho uthelelekile, uhlelo lubeka imingcele ekwenzeni imisebenzi eminingi ye-PHP futhi luthumela umbiko wokutheleleka kuklayenti. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakuyinto emisha, cishe engenakuqhathaniswa nabanye abasingathi, nakuba kuze kube namuhla abaningi abaqhudelana nabo bengenakho ukuskena kwesikhathi sangempela. Kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti kukhona ukulwa nokuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS, okuphetha ngokuxhuma isisombululo kusuka ku-team-host.ru, okokuqala kumodi ye-proxying traffic kusuka ku-renter.ru, futhi ngemva kokuthuthela ngokuphelele ku-Selectel nokuxhuma ukuvikela ngokuqondile, okuyinto ngcono izinga lezinsizakalo.
- 2018 - umzamo wokuqalisa inguqulo yesiNgisi yesayithi, ukuxhuma i-PayPal ukuze wamukele izinkokhelo, futhi wengeze ikhono lokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni.
- 2019 - ukubuyekezwa kweshejuli yentela yokusingathwa okubonakalayo, ukushiywa kwezintela ezishibhile nezinkokhelo zanyanga zonke. Ngo-April, ngathola isitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwe-lite.host uphawu lokuhweba.
- 2020 - ukuthengwa kweseva entsha esekelwe ku-Intel Xeon E2288G kanye ne-NVMe ishayela i-Samsung PM983 ukwethula amaseva amasha wokubamba abonakalayo. Ukuqasha ibhulokhi yokuqala ngamakheli angama-256; ngaphambi kwalokho, amabhulokhi amancane /29 asetshenziswa ku-Selectel, okwakungenanzuzo. Ukwethulwa kwesistimu entsha yokusekelayo, manje amakhophi angaphezu kwe-10 agcinwe ezinsizeni zokubamba okwabelwana ngazo ezinsukwini ezingu-30 zokugcina, futhi idatha kumasayithi ngamanye ingadalwa futhi ibuyiselwe ngokuchofoza okumbalwa.
Ngingathanda ukuzwa impendulo yakho. Eugene ukhona ku-HabrΓ©, noma ubani angambuza imibuzo.
Source: www.habr.com