I-i9-10900K vs i9-9900K: yini engacindezelwa ku-Intel Core entsha ekwakhiweni kwakudala

Sekudlule isikhathi esingaphezudlwana konyaka Ngihlole i-Intel Core i9-9900K entsha sha. Kepha isikhathi sihamba, yonke into iyashintsha, futhi manje i-Intel ikhiphe umugqa omusha wesizukulwane se-10 se-Intel Core i9-10900K processors. Yiziphi izimanga ezisigcinelwe yilaba baphrosesa futhi ingabe yonke into iyashintsha ngempela? Ake sikhulume ngakho manje.

IComet Com Lake-S

Igama lekhodi lesizukulwane seshumi se-Intel Core processors yiComet Lake. Futhi yebo, kusengu-10 nm. Okunye ukuvuselela I-Skylake, leyo i-Intel ngokwabo abayibiza ngokuthi "ukuziphendukela kwemvelo". Ilungelo labo. Mababize lokhu abakufunayo. Okwamanje, sizobona ukuthi yini eshintshile esizukulwaneni esisha uma siqhathanisa nesedlule, sesishiyagalolunye. Futhi sizothola ukuthi ikude kangakanani i-i9-10900K ne-i9-9900K. Ngakho-ke, ake sihambe ngephuzu ngephuzu.

Ukushintsha isokhethi

LGA 1151 isokhethi (I-Socket H4) yathuthukiswa ngo-2015 futhi yahlala iminyaka engu-5, ibone izizukulwane eziningi zamaphrosesa, ngokuvamile okungajwayelekile ku-Intel, ethanda ukushintsha isokhethi njalo eminyakeni emibili. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi inkampani ngaphezu kokunxeshezelwa kwaleli phuzu ngokungahambelani phakathi kwamaphrosesa amasha/amadala nama-chipset...

Yebo, akukho okuhlala phakade, futhi i-Intel, kanyekanye nokukhululwa kwesizukulwane se-10, yakhipha isokhethi entsha - i-LGA 1200 (Isokhethi H5). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iyahambisana nezimbobo ezikhulayo (75 mm) nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezikhona, ithemba elikhohlisayo lokuthi ngeke kudingeke ukuthi zishintshwe zihlakazwe ngemva kokuhlolwa kokuqala kokuqala. Kodwa okuningi ngalokho kamuva.

Ama-cores amaningi, imvamisa ephezulu

Lokhu sekuvele kuyindlela yendabuko ye-Intel yokuphuma esimweni ngama-nanometers: uma ungashintshi inqubo yobuchwepheshe, bese wengeza ama-cores futhi ukhuphule amafrikhwensi. Kwasebenza nalesi sikhathi.
Iphrosesa ye-Intel i9-10900K yanikezwa ama-cores amabili, ngokulandelana, imicu emi-4 Ukucushwa kwe-Hyper (HT). Ngenxa yalokho, inani eliphelele lama-cores likhuphuke lafika ku-10, futhi inani lezintambo landa lafika ku-20.

Njengoba inqubo yezobuchwepheshe ingashintshile, izidingo zokushisa ukushisa, noma I-PDT, ishintshiwe kusuka ku-95 W kuya ku-125 W - okungukuthi, ngaphezu kuka-30%. Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi lezi yizinkomba lapho wonke ama-cores esebenza nge-base frequency. Ukupholisa le “brazier” ngomoya akulula neze. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi (WCO). Kodwa kukhona i-nuance lapha futhi.

Uma imvamisa yesisekelo seprosesa entsha ikhuphuke ngo-100 MHz kuphela - isuka ku-3,6 iye ku-3,7, bese isuka I-Turboboost Kwaba mnandi nakakhulu. Uma ukhumbula, i-i9-9900K ku-Turboboost iyakwazi ukuletha i-5 GHz kumongo owodwa (akuvamile ukuthi ibe mabili), i-4,8 GHz iye kokubili, futhi asele asebenza ku-4,7 GHz. Endabeni ye-i9-10900K, umgogodla owodwa manje usebenza ku-5,1-5,2 GHz, futhi wonke amanye ku-4,7 GHz. Kodwa u-Intel akagcinanga lapho.

Ngaphezu kobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile beTurbo Boost, sekuvele i-mega-superturboboost. Ngokusemthethweni ibizwa I-Thermal Velocity Boost (TVB). Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bethulwa emuva esizukulwaneni sesishiyagalombili se-Intel Core, kodwa abameleli abakhethiwe kuphela abayitholayo. Isibonelo, ngiyazi mathupha i-i9-9980HK ne-i9-9880H.

Ingqikithi yobuchwepheshe iwukuthi ezingeni lokushisa elithile leprosesa, imvamisa ye-core eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-Turboboost. Inani lemvamisa eyengeziwe lincike ekutheni izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kweprosesa liphansi kangakanani kunobukhulu. Imvamisa enkulu yama-processor cores ngobuchwepheshe be-Intel Thermal Velocity Boost enikwe amandla ifinyelelwa ezingeni lokushisa elingekho ngaphezu kuka-50°C. Ngenxa yalokho, kumodi ye-TVB, imvamisa yewashi yomgogodla owodwa ikhuphukela ku-5,3 GHz, kanti ama-cores asele afinyelela ku-4,9 GHz.

Njengoba esizukulwaneni esisha kukhona ama-cores amabili ngaphezulu, esimweni se-auto overclocking esiphezulu nazo zonke izinhlobo "zokuthuthukisa" lesi "sitofu" siphuma ku-250 W, futhi lokhu kakade kuyinselele ngisho nesistimu yokupholisa amanzi (WCO) , ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwekesi elihlangene, ngaphandle kwebhulokhi yamanzi yesilawuli kude...

Bakhuluma ngama-cores, bachaza ngama-frequencies, bakhononda nge-socket, masiqhubeke. Izinguquko eziyinhloko zifaka i-cache ye-L3 ekhuphuke kancane kanye nemvamisa eyengeziwe ye-RAM esekelwe - ukusuka ku-DDR-2666 kuya ku-DDR4-2933. Yilokho kuphela. I-Intel ayizange ibuyekeze nomongo wezithombe owakhelwe ngaphakathi. Inani le-RAM nalo alikashintshi, i-128 GB efanayo izuzwe njengefa esizukulwaneni esedlule. Okusho ukuthi, njengokuhlala njalo ngokuqabuleka: bangeze ama-cores nama-frequencies, noma kunjalo, baphinde bashintsha isokhethi. Azikho izinguquko ezibalulekile, okungenani ngokuya ngamaseva. Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngiqhubekele ekuhloleni futhi ngibone ukuthi ukusebenza kwesizukulwane esisha kushintshe kanjani uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambili.

Ukuhlola

Amaphrosesa amabili avela kulayini we-Intel Core abandakanyeka ekuhlolweni:

• Isizukulwane sesishiyagalolunye i-i9-9900K
• Isizukulwane seshumi i9-10900k

Izici zokusebenza zamapulatifomu

Amaphrosesa we-Intel i9-9900K

• Ibhodi lomama: I-Asus PRIME Q370M-C
• I-RAM: 16 GB DDR4-2666 MT/s Kingston (2 ama-pcs.)
• Idrayivu ye-SSD: 240 GB Patriot Burst (izingcezu ezi-2 ku-RAID 1 - umkhuba owenziwe phakathi neminyaka).

Amaphrosesa we-Intel i9-10900K

• Ibhodi lomama: ASUS Pro WS W480-ACE
• I-RAM: 16 GB DDR4-2933 MT/s Kingston (2 ama-pcs.)
• Idrayivu ye-SSD: 240 GB Patriot Burst 2 izingcezu ku-RAID 1.

Kokubili ukulungiselelwa kusebenzisa amapulatifomu okupholisa amanzi eyunithi eyodwa. Kodwa kukhona umehluko... Ukuze ngingalahlekelwa amaza e-TVB futhi ngiqalise i-Intel i9-10900K evamile, kwakudingeka ngihlanganise uhlelo olunamandla lokupholisa amanzi ngokwezifiso (okuzobizwa kamuva ngokuthi i-WCO) lwesiteji nesizukulwane seshumi. Ingqikithi. Lokhu kwakudinga umzamo othile (futhi omningi), kodwa lesi sixazululo sisivumele ukuthi sithole i-4,9 GHz ezinzile kumongo ngamunye emithwalweni ephezulu ngaphandle kokuwela umkhawulo wezinga lokushisa lama-degree angama-68. Ngibingelele amaqhawe okwenza ngokwezifiso.

Lapha ngizozivumela ukuthi ngiphambuke kancane esihlokweni futhi ngichaze ukuthi le ndlela yokubhekana nendaba inqunywa kuphela ngokucatshangelwa kwe-pragmatic. Sithola izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ngokusetshenziswa kwama-rack okuncane, kuyilapho sizuza izindleko ezanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, asiwashisi i-hardware futhi sisebenzisa kuphela ukusebenza okufakwe abathuthukisi behadiwe. Isibonelo, amaphrofayili e-overclocking ajwayelekile, uma ipulatifomu inakho nhlobo. Akukho ukusetha okwenziwa ngesandla kwezikhathi, amaza, ama-voltage. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sigweme zonke izinhlobo zezimanga. Njengoba, empeleni, ukuhlola kokuqala, esikwenzayo ngaphambi kokubeka izixazululo esezilungile ezandleni zamakhasimende.

Akuwona neze iphutha ukuthi sihlala sihlola ekucushweni kweyunithi eyodwa - ukuhlola okunjalo kwanele ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesixazululo esitholiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, iklayenti lithola imishini efakazelwe kanye nesivinini esiphezulu ngentengo ephansi kakhulu.

Uma sibuyela ku-i9-10900K yethu, ngiyaqaphela ukuthi izinga lokushisa elingekho kwabacubungulayo eliqhathanisiwe likhuphuke ngaphezu kwamadigri angu-68. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhambi, kanye nezinye izinzuzo, libuye libe namandla amahle we-overclocking.

Ingxenye yesoftware: I-OS CentOS Linux 7 x86_64 (7.8.2003).
I-Kernel: UEK R5 4.14.35-1902.303.4.1.el7uek.x86_64
Kwenziwe ukulungiselelwa okuhlobene nokufakwa okujwayelekile: i-kernel eyengeziwe ongakhetha kukho yokuqalisa i-elevator=noop selinux=0
Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngawo wonke ama-patches avela ku-Specter, Meltdown kanye nokuhlaselwa kwe-Foreshadow okubuyiselwe kule kernel.

Izivivinyo ezisetshenzisiwe

1. Sysbench
2. Geekbench
3. IPhoronix Test Suite

Incazelo enemininingwane yokuhlolwa
Geekbench test

Iphakheji yokuhlola eyenziwa ngemodi yochungechunge olulodwa kanye nemicu eminingi. Ngenxa yalokho, inkomba ethile yokusebenza ikhishwa kuzo zombili izindlela. Kulesi sivivinyo sizobheka izinkomba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• I-Single-Core Score - ukuhlolwa kochungechunge olulodwa.
• I-Multi-Core Score - ukuhlolwa okunemicu eminingi.

Amayunithi wokulinganisa: "ama-parrots" abstract. Uma "ama-parrots" amaningi, kungcono.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Sysbench

I-Sysbench iphakethe lokuhlola (noma amabhentshimakhi) lokuhlola ukusebenza kwamasistimu angaphansi ahlukahlukene ekhompyutha: iprosesa, i-RAM, amadivayisi wokugcina idatha. Ukuhlolwa kunemicu eminingi, kuwo wonke ama-cores. Kulesi sivivinyo, ngilinganise inkomba eyodwa: Imicimbi yesivinini se-CPU ngomzuzwana - inani lemisebenzi eyenziwa iphrosesa ngomzuzwana. Lapho inani liphakeme, uhlelo lusebenza kahle kakhulu.

I-Phoronix Test Suite

I-Phoronix Test Suite iyisethi yokuhlola enothe kakhulu. Cishe zonke izivivinyo ezivezwe lapha zinezintambo eziningi. Okuhlukile kuphela okubili kwakho: izivivinyo ezinochungechunge olulodwa i-Himeno kanye ne-LAME MP3 Encoding.

Kulezi zivivinyo, ukuphakama kwamaphuzu, kuba ngcono.

1. Ukuhlolwa kokuqagela iphasiwedi ye-John the Ripper enezintambo eziningi. Ake sithathe i-algorithm ye-Blowfish crypto. Ikala inani lemisebenzi ngomzuzwana.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Himeno kuwumugqa we-Poisson pressure solver usebenzisa indlela ye-Jacobi point.
3. I-7-Zip Compression - Ukuhlolwa kwe-7-Zip kusetshenziswa i-p7zip enesici sokuhlola esihlanganisiwe sokusebenza.
4. I-OpenSSL iyisethi yamathuluzi asebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) kanye ne-TLS (Transport Layer Security). Ikala ukusebenza kwe-RSA 4096-bit OpenSSL.
5. I-Apache Benchmark - Isivivinyo sikala ukuthi zingaki izicelo ngomzuzwana uhlelo olunikeziwe olungasingatha lapho lwenza izicelo eziyi-1, ngezicelo eziyi-000 ezisebenza kanyekanye.

Futhi kulezi, uma okuncane kungcono - kuzo zonke izivivinyo isikhathi esithathayo ukuqeda siyalinganiswa.

1. I-C-Ray ihlola ukusebenza kwe-CPU ezibalweni zamaphuzu antantayo. Lokhu kuhlola kunemicu eminingi (imicu engu-16 ingqikithi ngayinye), kuzodubula imisebe engu-8 kuphikseli ngayinye ukuze kunqandwe ukudakwa futhi kukhiqize isithombe esingu-1600x1200. Isikhathi sokwenza ukuhlolwa siyalinganiswa.
2. Ukucindezelwa Okuhambisanayo kwe-BZIP2 - Ukuhlolwa kukala isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze uminyanise ifayela (ikhodi yomthombo we-Linux kernel .tar package) usebenzisa ukucindezela kwe-BZIP2.
3. Ukufaka ikhodi yedatha yomsindo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-LAME MP3 Encoding kusebenza ngochungechunge olulodwa. Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuqeda ukuhlolwa siyalinganiswa.
4. Umbhalo wekhodi wedatha yevidiyo. isivivinyo se-ffmpeg x264 - sinemicu eminingi. Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuqeda ukuhlolwa siyalinganiswa.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa

I-i9-10900K ingcono kuneyandulelayo ngokuningi 44%. Ngokubona kwami, umphumela muhle nje.

Umehluko ekuhlolweni kochungechunge olulodwa usuphelele 6,7%, okulindeleke ngokuvamile: umehluko phakathi kuka-5 GHz no-5,3 GHz uyafana no-300 MHz. Lokhu kungama-6%. Kodwa bekunezingxoxo ezithile :)

Kodwa ekuhlolweni kwe-parrot enezintambo eziningi, umkhiqizo omusha ucishe ube 33% Okuningi. Lapha i-TVB idlale indima ebalulekile, esikwazile ukuyisebenzisa cishe kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu nge-SVO yangokwezifiso. Esiqongweni, izinga lokushisa esivivinyweni alizange likhuphuke ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-62, futhi ama-cores asebenza ngemvamisa ye-4,9 GHz.

Umehluko 52,5%. Njengasezivivinyweni ze-Sysbench nezinemicu eminingi ye-Geekbench, ukuhola okubalulekile kufinyelelwa ngenxa ye-CBO ne-TVB. Izinga lokushisa le-core elishisa kakhulu lingama-degrees angu-66.

Kulesi sivivinyo, umehluko phakathi kwamaphrosesa ezizukulwane ezahlukene 35,7%. Futhi lokhu ukuhlolwa okufanayo okugcina iphrosesa ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu 100% wesikhathi, ukufudumeza kuze kufike ku-67-68 degrees.

I-97,8%. Amathuba okuphakama cishe okuphindwe kabili ngenxa yama-cores angu-2 kanye nama-megahertz ambalwa "mancane kakhulu". Ngakho-ke, umphumela ufana ne-anomaly. Ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlolwa ngokwako, noma ukwenziwa kahle kwephrosesa. Noma mhlawumbe kokubili. Kulokhu, ngeke sithembele emiphumeleni yalolu hlolo. Nakuba lesi sibalo sihlaba umxhwele.

Kodwa lapha nginesiqiniseko esiphelele sokuthi ukulungiselelwa kwenziwa ekuhlolweni ngokwako. Lokhu kufakazelwa nokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-AMD Ryzen, okudlula kangcono kakhulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Ryazan ayinamandla kangako ekuhlolweni okunentambo eyodwa. Ngakho-ke, inzuzo iwukuthi 65% ngeke ubale. Kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka nje ukungakhulumi ngakho. Noma kunjalo, sibhala eyodwa futhi sigcine ezimbili engqondweni.

Umehluko phakathi kwezizukulwane - 44,7%. Konke kulungile lapha, ngakho sibala umphumela. Phela, lesi yisivivinyo kanye lapho ukusebenza okuphezulu kukhishwa kumthwalo womucu owodwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungabona umsebenzi owenziwe ukucwenga nokwandisa i-kernel - vuselela ngokuvuselela, kodwa okuthile ngaphansi kwe-hood kwenziwa ngokucacile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imiphumela enjalo ingase ibonise ukuthi asikwazanga ukuminyanisa isikhathi sokugcina esiphezulu esivivinyweni esifanayo ne-i9-9900K. Ngizojabula ukufunda imicabango yakho ngalolu daba emazwaneni.

Isizukulwane seshumi sidlula esesishiyagalolunye ngokuzethemba 50,9%. Okulindeleke kakhulu. Lapha ama-cores namafrikhwensi angezwe umthetho we-Intel i9-10900K.

Umehluko phakathi kwezizukulwane - 6,3%. Ngokubona kwami, umphumela uyimpikiswano impela. Ezihlokweni ezizayo, ngicabanga ukukuyeka ngokuphelele lokhu kuhlola. Iqiniso liwukuthi kumasistimu anama-cores angaphezu kuka-36 (imicu engu-72), ukuhlolwa akudluli nhlobo ngezilungiselelo ezijwayelekile, futhi umehluko emiphumeleni ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ubalwe endaweni yesithathu yedesimali. Hhayi-ke, sizobona. Ungabelana ngombono wakho ngalolu daba kumazwana.

Umehluko uwukuthi 28%. Azikho izimanga, okudidayo noma ukulungiselelwa okuphawulwe lapha. Ukuqabuleka okuhlanzekile futhi akukho okunye.

I-i9-10900K ihlula i-i9-9900K nge 38,7%. Njengemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini, umehluko ulindelekile futhi ubonisa ngokucacile igebe langempela phakathi kwamaphrosesa ku-microarchitecture efanayo.

Ngakho, ake sifinyeze. Ngokuvamile, akukho okungalindelekile - i-i9-10900K idlula eyandulela i-i9-9900K kukho konke ukuhlola. Q.E.D. Intengo yalokhu ukukhiqiza ukushisa. Uma ufuna iphrosesa entsha ezosetshenziswa ekhaya futhi uzocindezela ukusebenza okuphezulu ku-Core yesizukulwane seshumi, ngincoma ukuthi ucabange ngesistimu yokupholisa kusengaphambili, ngoba ama-coolers wodwa ngeke anele.
Noma uze kithi kobabamkhulu. Isixazululo esenziwe ngomumo endaweni yesikhulumi esihle kanye ne-CBO ehloniphekile kakhulu, okuthi, ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izinzuzo, njengoba sitholile, futhi inamandla okudlula.

Amaseva azinikezele asetshenziswa ekuhloleni 1dedic.ru iprosesa-based I-Intel Core i9-9900K ne-i9-10900K. Noma iyiphi yazo, kanye nokucushwa ngeprosesa ye-i7-9700K, inga-oda ngesaphulelo esingu-7% usebenzisa ikhodi yephromo engu-INTELHABR. Isikhathi sesaphulelo silingana nesikhathi sokukhokha esikhethiwe lapho u-oda iseva. Isaphulelo sisebenzisa ikhodi yephromoshini sihlanganiswa nesaphulelo sale nkathi. Ikhodi yephromoshini ivumeleke kuze kube umhla ka-31 Disemba 2020 sekuhlangene.

Source: www.habr.com