Ngenisa ukushintshwa kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngaphiwa umsebenzi wokwakha iledi yomkhumbi. Kuwo wonke umkhumbi omkhulu kukhona ezimbili zazo: kwesokudla nesobunxele.

Izitebhisi zesitebhisi zinomumo okhaliphile we-semicircular ukuze ukwazi ukuma kuzo ngama-engeli ahlukene wokuthambekela kwesitebhisi. Inetha lilengiswa ukuze kuvinjwe abantu abawayo kanye nezinto ekuweleni emgodini noma emanzini.

Umgomo wokusebenza kweladi ungachazwa kalula kanje. Lapho intambo iboshelwe kusigubhu se-winch 5, ukundiza kwezitebhisi 1 kudonselwa engxenyeni ye-cantilever yesitebhisi sesitebhisi 4. Ngokushesha nje lapho indiza ihlezi ngokumelene ne-console, iqala ukuzungeza ngokuhlobene nendawo yayo yokunamathisela e-hinged, ishayela. i-shaft 6 kanye ne-turn-out platform 3. Ngenxa yalokho Lokhu kubangela ukuthi indiza yesitebhisi iwele emaphethelweni ayo, i.e. endaweni "ebekwe". Lapho ukuma okume mpo kokugcina kufinyelelwa, ukushintshwa komkhawulo kuyasebenza, okumisa iwintshi.

Noma iyiphi iphrojekthi enjalo iqala ngocwaningo lokucaciswa kwezobuchwepheshe, imibhalo yokulawula kanye nama-analogue akhona. Sizokweqa isigaba sokuqala, njengoba imininingwane yobuchwepheshe iqukethe kuphela izimfuneko zobude beladi, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukuphelela nokuhambisana nenani lamazinga embonini.

Ngokuqondene nezindinganiso, zibekwe emqulwini owodwa wevolumu eminingi "Imithetho yokuhlukaniswa nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi yasolwandle". Ukuthobela le mithetho kulawulwa yi-Russian Maritime Register of Shipping, noma I-RMRS. Ngemva kokufunda lo msebenzi wevolumu eminingi, ngabhala phansi ephepheni lawo maphuzu ahlobene nesitebhisi esingaphandle kanye ne-winch. Nazi ezinye zazo:

Imithetho yokuphakamisa imishini yemikhumbi yasolwandle

1.5.5.1 Izigubhu zamawintshi kufanele zibe nobude kangangokuthi, noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka, kuqinisekwe ukusongwa kwentambo yongqimba olulodwa.
1.5.5.7 Kutuswa ukuthi zonke izigubhu ezingabonakali ku-opharetha ngesikhathi sokusebenza zifakwe izinto eziqinisekisa ukusongwa okuyikho kanye nokubeka ikhebula esigubhuni.
1.5.6.6 Indawo yama-pulley ezintambo, amabhlogo neziphetho zezintambo ezixhunywe ezakhiweni zensimbi kumele kuvimbele izintambo ukuthi zingawi ezigubhini namabhuloki, futhi kuvimbele ukungqubuzana kwazo noma ngokumelene nesakhiwo sensimbi.
9.3.4

Esigabeni sesithathu sokulungiselela inqubo yokuklama, ngisebenzisa i-Internet enamandla onke, ngaqoqa ifolda enezithombe zemigulukudu. Kusukela ekutadisheni lezi zithombe, izinwele ekhanda lami zaqala ukunyakaza. Iminikelo eminingi yokuthengwa kwamapayipi itholwe kumasayithi afana ne-Alibaba. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Kumahinge, i-axle yensimbi igudla iso lensimbi
• Asikho isivikelo lapho intambo iwa iphuma ku-pulley ngaphandle kokushuba
• Ipulatifomu yenziwe ngeshidi eliqinile. Lapho iqhwa lakha, ukusebenza kwalo akuphephile. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-flooring egayiwe (yize ingakhululekile uma ugqoke izithende)

Ake sibheke esinye isithombe:

Ipali eyindilinga ye-aluminium iboshelwe endizeni ye-aluminium ngebhawodi elithayela. Kunezinkinga ezimbili lapha:

• Ibhawodi lensimbi "lizophuka" ngokushesha imbobo ku-aluminium ibe i-ellipse futhi isakhiwo sizolenga.
• Ukuthintana phakathi kwe-zinc ne-aluminium kubangela ukugqwala kwe-galvanic, ikakhulukazi uma kunamanzi olwandle lapho kuthintana khona.

Kuthiwani ngamawindi ethu?

• Njengoba iwintshi ibekwe endaweni evulekile eduze kwe-gangway, ukuze wonge isikhala kungcono ukubeka injini ibheke phezulu kunokuba ivundlile.
• Upende ovela esigubhu sensimbi uzoxebuka ngokushesha futhi inqubo yokugqwala izoqala. Abaphethe bazophoqeleka ukuthi njalo bathinte leli hlazo ngebhulashi.

Khona-ke izinto zaba mnandi nakakhulu. Ngisebenzisa abathintwayo bomuntu siqu kwezinye izindawo zemikhumbi, ngakwazi ukubona ukuthi babebheja ini kumaphrojekthi abo amanje. Lapha kwenye imboni ngathwebula ukuqiniswa kwepali yocingo ohambeni:

Izikhala zinkulu. Uthango luzolenga njengomsila wengulube. Amakhona ahlukumezayo abukhali. Futhi nali iphaneli yokulawula yepulasitiki yewintshi:

Iconsi elilodwa endaweni yensimbi ngosuku olubandayo, olunomoya futhi liyophahlazeka libe yizicucu.

Iwintshi komunye umkhumbi lalifihlwe endaweni evalekile, eshisayo:

Isixazululo ngokwaso ngokushisisa injini yegiya sijwayelekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idrayivu enezinga lokushisa elivumelekile lokusebenza elingaphansi kwama-degree angama-40 alitholakali. Futhi emikhunjini ephihliza iqhwa, njengomthetho, ku-minus 50 kukhonjisiwe ekucacisweni kobuchwepheshe.Kungenzeka ngokwezomnotho ukuthenga nokushisisa kuqala imodeli ye-serial ye-geared motor kunoku-oda inguqulo ekhethekile kumenzi. Kodwa, njengakunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, kunama-nuances:

• Uma i-casing ivaliwe, ukubekwa kwentambo akulawulwa, okuphambene nemithetho ye-RMRS. Kufanele kube nesibambi sezintambo lapha.
• Isibambo sokukhulula amabhuleki mathupha siyabonakala, kodwa isibambo sokuzungezisa umshini wenjini asibonakali. I-GOST R ISO 7364-2009 “Izindlela zeDekhi. Isitebhisi siwina" idinga ukuthi wonke amawintshi asebenza emithwalweni emincane afakwe idrayivu yezandla. Kodwa umqondo "womthwalo omncane" awudalulwanga ezingeni

Ake sibheke i-gangway beam:

• Asikho isivikelo ekuweni kwentambo ngaphandle kwebhlokhi. Uma nje lihlehla, ngokwesibonelo, lapho iladi lithinta umgodi, lizogxuma ngokushesha liphume emfudlaneni. Ngokungezwani okulandelayo, i-crease izovela kuyo futhi yonke intambo izodinga ukushintshwa
• Kubonakala sengathi kukhona okungalungile ngomzila wekhebula. Kwirola yokusuka evundlile intambo igobela phansi

Manje komunye umkhumbi sibheka ukuthi ama-pulley amabhlogo ami kanjani kuma-axles asuka kumabhawudi. Amathuba okuthi kukhona ithusi noma i-polymer anti-friction bushing ngaphakathi, njengoba kudingwa yimithetho ye-RMRS, mancane:

Ngakwazi ukuthwebula lezi zigelekeqe ezilandelayo eduze kweBlagoveshchensky Bridge nasonqenqemeni lukaLieutenant Schmidt (eSt. Petersburg).

Ezindaweni eziningi intambo igudla isakhiwo sensimbi:

Futhi nakhu okunamathiselwe kwipali yocingo olukhiphekayo esizeni:

Mayelana nezinsimbi zefulegi ezivikela izigxobo eziyindilinga, ngizokutshela indaba emnandi engiyitshelwe ngumuntu owayesebenzisana nazo. Ifulegi elikhiyayo lihlala lijwayele ukuzungeza liye phansi liqonde phansi ngaphansi kwesisindo salo. Ngokunjalo, lapho ufaka noma ukhipha i-latch, kunethuba lokuthi ifulegi lizokwehla ngenkathi lingaphakathi kwendawo yokubeka. Ngenxa yalokho, i-latch iyabhajwa futhi ayingeni noma iphume. I-rack ayikwazi ukususwa, i-gangway ayikwazi ukususwa, umkhumbi awukwazi ukuhamba kude ne-pier, umnikazi womkhumbi ulahlekelwa yimali.

Ngeke ngimangale muntu ngesithombe esilandelayo:

Ku-hinge, insimbi igudla insimbi. Upende usuvele ususiwe, naphezu kokuthi le ndawo isivele yapendwa ngemva kokufakwa. Lokhu kungabonakala kumabhawodi apendiwe.

Ake sibheke winch:

• Upende usuvele uyaxebuka isigubhu
• Izintambo zokugawula ngeke zihlale isikhathi eside

Angikaze ngihambe ngomkhumbi ophihliza iqhwa, kodwa nasi isithombe esivela ku-inthanethi mayelana nokuhlanza umkhumbi:

Ukuhlelwa kwewintshi ngokuqinisekile akusizi ukususwa kweqhwa; izintambo zizolimala ngokushesha kakhulu ngefosholo. I-nameplate yesiShayina evela kuwintshi:

Uma sibheka ngokumaka, umkhawulo ophansi webanga lokushisa lokusebenza ungama-degree angama-25. Futhi umkhumbi unesiqalo esithi "i-icebreaker".

Angikaze ngibone isistimu kunoma iyiphi iwintshi evimbela intambo ukuthi ingavuleki ngokuphelele ewintshini (“i-foolproof”). Okusho ukuthi, uma ubambe inkinobho ku-remote control, iladi lizokwehla liye phansi kuze kuphele intambo. Emva kwalokhu, uphawu lwentambo luzosuka futhi iladi lizondizela phansi (intambo yophawu ngokwayo ayikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo; amandla adluliswa ngamandla okungqubuzana avela phakathi kwegobolondo lesigubhu kanye nokuphenduka okumbalwa kokuqala kwentambo).

Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi zonke lezi zithombe zivela emikhunjini emisha noma eyakhiwayo. Lokhu okokusebenza okusha okufanele kudalwe kucatshangelwa ulwazi lomhlaba nawo wonke amathrendi esimanje kubunjiniyela bemishini kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi. Futhi konke kubukeka njengomkhiqizo owenziwe ekhaya ohlanganiswe emagaraji. Imithetho ye-RMRS kanye nomqondo ophusile akulandelwa abahlinzeki abaningi bezinto zasolwandle.

Ngibuze umbuzo ngalesi sihloko kochwepheshe bomnyango wokuthenga wenye yezimboni. Engathola impendulo kuyo ukuthi zonke izitebhisi ezithengiwe zinesitifiketi se-RMRS sokuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ezidingekayo. Ngokwemvelo, zithengwa ngezinqubo zamathenda ngezindleko eziphansi.

Kube sekubuzwa umbuzo ofanayo kuchwepheshe wakwaRMRS wathi yena ngokwakhe akazisayini izitifiketi zalezi zitebhisi futhi ubengeke aze aphuthelwe yilokhu.

Iladi engaliklama, ngokwemvelo, laklanywa futhi lakhiqizwa kucatshangelwa zonke izici engikhulume ngazo:

• Isigubhu sensimbi engagqwali esinongqimba olulodwa olumazombezombe kanye nongqimba lwezintambo;
• Amapulangwe ensimbi engagqwali anokuvikelwa ekulahlekeni kwezintambo;
• Ama-sliding bearings ane-antifriction polymer bushings angadingi ukuthambisa;
• Izintambo ku-silicone insulation kanye ne-steel braiding;
• Iphaneli yokulawula insimbi ye-anti-vandal;
• Isibambo sedrayivu yesandla esikhiphekayo ewintshini enesistimu yokuvikela ekuvuleni ugesi lapho isibambo singakhishwa;
• Ukuvikelwa ekunqanyulweni okuphelele kwentambo esigubhu;

Bonisa ngokuningiliziwe kule ndaba angikwazi, ngoba... Ngizophula amalungelo akhethekile ekhasimende kumadokhumenti okuklama athuthukiswe yimi. I-gangway yathola isitifiketi se-RMRS, yathunyelwa endaweni yokugcina umkhumbi futhi isivele inikezwe ikhasimende lokugcina kanye nomkhumbi. Kodwa intengo yakhe kuvele ukuthi ayizange iqhudelane futhi mancane amathuba okuthi angakwazi ukuyidayisela omunye umuntu.

Ngizoyiphetha lapha indaba ukuze ngingacasuli amakhasimende, abakhi bemikhumbi, izimbangi kanye nabamele i-RMRS. Ungathola iziphetho zakho mayelana nesimo sezindaba ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi.

Source: www.habr.com