Imvelo yolwazi ehlongozwayo iwuhlobo lwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu ehlukaniswe. Kodwa ngokungafani nezixazululo eziningi ezikhona, le ndawo inenani lezinto eziwusizo ngaphezu kokwahlukanisa futhi idalwe ngesisekelo sezixazululo ezilula nezijwayelekile zobuchwepheshe (i-imeyili, i-json, amafayela ombhalo kanye ne-blockchain encane). Lokhu kuvumela noma ubani onolwazi oluyisisekelo lokuhlela ukuthi azenzele awabo amasevisi ale ndawo.
I-Universal ID
Kunoma iyiphi indawo eku-inthanethi, izihlonzi zomsebenzisi nezinto zingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zesistimu.
Kulokhu, isihlonzi somsebenzisi yi-imeyili, esibe yisihlonzi esamukelwa ngokuvamile sokugunyazwa kumawebhusayithi nezinye izinsiza (i-jaber, i-openId).
Eqinisweni, isihlonzi somsebenzisi endaweni enikeziwe eku-inthanethi yibhangqa yokungena+yesizinda, okuthi ukuze kube lula sibhalwe ngendlela evamile kwabaningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze kunwetshwe izindawo eziningi, kuyancomeka ukuthi umsebenzisi ngamunye abe nesizinda sakhe. Okuseduze nezimiso ze-indieweb, lapho isizinda sisetshenziswa njengesihlonzi somsebenzisi. Esimweni sethu, umsebenzisi unezela isidlaliso esizindeni sakhe, esimvumela ukuthi enze ama-akhawunti amaningana esizindeni esisodwa (kubangane, isibonelo) futhi enze uhlelo lokukhuluma lube lula.
Le fomethi ye-ID yomsebenzisi ayiboshelwe kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi. Uma umsebenzisi ebeka idatha yakhe kunethiwekhi ye-TOR, khona-ke angasebenzisa izizinda endaweni ethi .onion, uma lokhu kuyinethiwekhi enohlelo lwe-DNS ku-blockchain, bese kuba nezizinda ku-.bit zone. Njengomphumela, ifomethi yokukhuluma nabasebenzisi nedatha yabo ayincikile kunethiwekhi abasakazwa ngayo (inhlanganisela yokungena+yesizinda isetshenziswa yonke indawo). Kulabo abafuna ukusebenzisa ikheli le-bitcoin/ethereum njengesihlonzi, ungashintsha uhlelo ukuze usebenzise amakheli e-imeyili angamanga efomu. [email protected]
Ukukhuluma ngezinto
Le ndawo eku-inthanethi empeleni iyisethi yezinto ezichazwe ngendlela ehlelekile, efundeka ngomshini, ebhekisela kwezinye izinto futhi ehlanganiswe nomsebenzisi othile (i-imeyili) noma iphrojekthi/inhlangano (isizinda).
ama-urns ku-urn:i-opendata namespace asetshenziswa njengezihlonzi zento. Isibonelo, iphrofayela yomsebenzisi inekheli elifana nalokhu:
urn:opendata:profile:[email protected]Amazwana omsebenzisi anekheli elifana nalokhu:
urn:opendata:comment:[email protected]:08adbed93413782682fd25da77bd93c99dfd0548lapho okuthi 08adbed93413782682fd25da77bd93c99dfd0548 kuyi-hashi engahleliwe engu-sha-1 esebenza njenge-id yento, futhi [i-imeyili ivikelwe] β umnikazi wale nto.
Isimiso sokushicilela idatha yomsebenzisi
Njengoba unesizinda sakho esilawulwayo, umsebenzisi angakwazi ukushicilela idatha yakhe nokuqukethwe kalula. Futhi ngokungafani ne-indiebeb, lokhu akudingi ukudala iwebhusayithi enamakhasi e-html anedatha ye-semantic eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Isibonelo, ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nomsebenzisi lutholakala kufayela elithi datarobots.txt, elitholakala ekhelini elifana nele.
http://55334.ru/[email protected]/datarobots.txtFuthi inokuqukethwe okufana nalokhu:
Object: user
Services-Enabled: 55334.ru,newethnos.ru
Ethnos: newethnos
Delegate-Tokens: http://55334.ru/[email protected]/delegete.txtOkusho ukuthi, empeleni, iqoqo lezintambo ezinedatha yefomu ukhiye->inani, ukuhlukanisa okuwumsebenzi olula kunoma ubani onolwazi oluyisisekelo lokuhlela. Futhi ungakwazi ukuhlela idatha uma ufisa ukusebenzisa inothiphedi evamile.
Idatha eyinkimbinkimbi (iphrofayela, amazwana, okuthunyelwe, njll.), ene-urn yayo, ithunyelwa njengento ye-JSON kusetshenziswa i-API ejwayelekile (http://opendatahub.org/api_1.0?lang=ru), enga ibekwe njengakusizinda somsebenzisi, kanye nasendaweni yenkampani yangaphandle lapho umsebenzisi athumele kuyo ukugcinwa, ukushicilelwa nokuhlelwa kwedatha yakhe (kulayini Onikwe amandla Amasevisi wefayela le-datarobots.txt). Izinsizakalo ezinjalo zezinkampani zangaphandle zichazwe ngezansi.
I-ontology elula ne-JSON
I-ontology yendawo yokuxhumana ilula uma iqhathaniswa ne-ontology yezisekelo zolwazi lwemboni. Njengoba endaweni yokuxhumana kukhona isethi encane yezinto ezijwayelekile (okuthunyelwe, ukuphawula, ukuthanda, iphrofayili, ukubuyekezwa) ngesethi encane yezakhiwo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuchaza izinto endaweni enjalo, kwanele ukusebenzisa i-JSON esikhundleni se-XML, eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuhlukaniseni (kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ngesidingo somkhawulo ophansi wokungena kanye nokulinganisa).
Ukuze sithole into ene-urn eyaziwayo, sidinga ukuxhumana nesizinda somsebenzisi, noma amasevisi ezinkampani zangaphandle lapho umsebenzisi athumele khona ukuphatha idatha yakhe.
Kule ndawo eku-inthanethi, isizinda ngasinye lapho isevisi ye-inthanethi ikhona futhi sinedatharobots.txt yaso etholakala ekhelini elifana ne-example.com/datarobots.txt elinokuqukethwe okufanayo:
Object: service
Api: http://newethnos.ru/api
Api-Version: http://opendatahub.org/api_1.0Lapho singafunda khona ukuthi singathola idatha mayelana nento ekhelini elifana nalokhu:
Into ye-JSON inokwakheka okulandelayo:
{
"urn": "urn:opendata:profile:[email protected]",
"status": 1,
"message": "Ok",
"timestamp": 1596429631,
"service": "example.com",
"data": {
"name": "John",
"surname": "Gald",
"gender": "male",
"city": "Moscow",
"img": "http://domain.com/image.jpg",
"birthtime": 332467200,
"community_friends": {
"[email protected]": "1",
"[email protected]": "0.5",
"[email protected]": "0.7"
},
"interests_tags": "cars,cats,cinema",
"mental_cards": {
"no_alcohol@main": 8,
"data_accumulation@main": 8,
"open_data@main": 8
}
}
}Isevisi yezakhiwo
Izinsizakalo zezinkampani zangaphandle ziyadingeka ukwenza lula inqubo yokushicilela nokusesha idatha yabasebenzisi bokugcina.
Okushiwo ngenhla enye yezinhlobo zezinsizakalo ezisiza umsebenzisi ukuthi ashicilele idatha yakhe kunethiwekhi. Kungase kube nezinsizakalo eziningi ezifanayo, ngayinye yazo enikeza umsebenzisi isixhumi esibonakalayo esikahle sokuhlela enye yezinhlobo zedatha (inkundla, ibhulogi, impendulo yemibuzo, njll.). Uma umsebenzisi engawathembi amasevisi ezinkampani zangaphandle, angafaka iskripthi sesevisi yedatha esizindeni sakhe noma azithuthukise ngokwakhe.
Ngokungeziwe kumasevisi avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bashicilele/bahlele idatha, indawo eku-inthanethi ihlinzeka ngenani lezinye izinsiza ezenza imisebenzi enzima kakhulu eyinkinga kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa kumanodi omsebenzisi wokugcina.
Olunye uhlobo lwensizakalo enjalo amahabhu edatha ( - isibonelo), esebenza njengohlobo lwengobo yomlando yewebhu eqoqa yonke idatha yomsebenzisi efundeka ngomshini futhi inikeze ukufinyelela kuyo nge-API.
Ukuba khona kwezinsizakalo endaweni enjalo evulekile, ehlukaniselwe i-inthanethi kunciphisa kakhulu isithiyo sokungena kubasebenzisi, ngoba asikho isidingo sokufaka nokumisa indawo yabo siqu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzisi uhlala elawula idatha yakhe (noma ngasiphi isikhathi angakwazi ukushintsha isevisi lapho ukushicilelwa kwedatha kuthunyelwa khona noma enze i-node yakhe).
Uma umsebenzisi engenaso nhlobo intshisekelo yokuba ngumnikazi wedatha yakhe futhi engenaso isizinda sakhe noma othile ojwayelene nesizinda, khona-ke ngokuzenzakalelayo idatha yakhe iphethwe i-opendatahub.org.
Ngezindleko zikabani zonke lezi?
Mhlawumbe inkinga eyinhloko cishe yawo wonke amaphrojekthi anjalo ahlakazekile ukungakwazi ukwenza imali ngezinga elanele ukuthuthukiswa nokusekelwa okuzinzile.
Ukunikela + amathokheni asetshenziselwa ukumboza izindleko zentuthuko nezokumaketha kule ndawo eku-inthanethi.
Yonke iminikelo eyenziwa ngabasebenzisi kumaphrojekthi/izinkonzo zangaphakathi itholakala esidlangalaleni, ifundeka ngomshini futhi ixhunywe kuma-imeyili. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zicatshangelwe, isibonelo, lapho kubalwa isilinganiso somphakathi esiku-inthanethi futhi kushicilelwe emakhasini abasebenzisi. Uma iminikelo iyeka ukungaziwa, khona-ke empeleni abasebenzisi abanikeli, kodwa "bangene" ukuze basekele indawo yolwazi olujwayelekile. Njengoba nje abantu bengenela ukulungisa izindawo ezivamile ngesimo sengqondo esifanele kulabo bantu abenqaba ukungena.
Ngaphandle kweminikelo, ukukhulisa izimali, amathokheni akhishwe ngenani elilinganiselwe (400.000) asetshenziswa, anikezwa wonke umuntu owenza iminikelo esikhwameni esikhulu (ethnogenesis).
Izici zethokheni ezengeziwe
Ithokheni ngayinye βiwukhiyeβ wokufinyelela kule ndawo eku-inthanethi. Okusho ukuthi, ungasebenzisa izinsizakalo futhi ube yingxenye yemvelo ye-inthanethi kuphela uma okungenani unethokheni engu-1 eboshelwe ku-imeyili.
Amathokheni ayisihlungi esihle sikagaxekile ngenxa yemvelo yawo elinganiselwe. Abasebenzisi abaningi abakhona ohlelweni, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ithokheni futhi kubiza kakhulu ukudala ama-bots.
Abantu, idatha yabo kanye nokuxhumana nabantu kubaluleke kakhulu kunobuchwepheshe
Indawo echazwe ku-inthanethi ngokwezobuchwepheshe iyisixazululo sakudala. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu kuwo akuwona ubuchwepheshe obuningi njengabantu kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi kanye nedatha (okuqukethwe) okudalwe ngaphakathi kwemvelo.
Umphakathi womphakathi odaliwe, amalungu awo anezihlonzi zawo zomhlaba wonke (i-imeyili nesizinda sawo) kanye nedatha ehlelekile (enamakheli e-URN, i-ontology nezinto ze-JSON), lapho kuvela isisombululo esingcono sobuchwepheshe, ingadlulisela yonke le datha kwenye indawo ye-inthanethi, ngenkathi kugcinwa uxhumo olwakhiwe (izilinganiso, izilinganiso) nokuqukethwe.
Lokhu okuthunyelwe kuchaza esinye sezici zomphakathi ozihlelele wenethiwekhi, okuthi, ngaphezu kwemvelo ye-inthanethi ehlukanisiwe, ehlanganisa nenani lezindawo ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ezikhulisa izinzuzo zendawo eku-inthanethi futhi "okungamakhasimende" anquma kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo. Kodwa lezi yizihloko zezinye izihloko ezingahlobene ngokuqondile ne-IT nobuchwepheshe.
Source: www.habr.com