Ingqalasizinda njengeKhodi: ungazinqoba kanjani izinkinga usebenzisa i-XP

Sawubona, Habr! Ngaphambilini, ngikhononde ngempilo Yengqalasizinda njengepharadigm yekhodi futhi angizange nginikeze lutho ukuxazulula isimo samanje. Namuhla ngibuyile ukuzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izindlela nezinqubo ezizokusiza uphume kwalasha wokuphelelwa ithemba futhi uqondise isimo endaweni efanele.

Esihlokweni esedlule "Ingqalasizinda njengekhodi: ukwazana kokuqala" Ngabelane ngemibono yami ngale ndawo, ngazama ukukhombisa isimo samanje kule ndawo, futhi ngaze ngaphakamisa ukuthi imikhuba ejwayelekile eyaziwa yibo bonke onjiniyela ingasiza. Kungase kubonakale sengathi bekunezikhalo eziningi ngempilo, kodwa azikho iziphakamiso zendlela yokuphuma kulesi simo esikhona.

Singobani, sikuphi futhi yiziphi izinkinga esinazo

Njengamanje siseQenjini Lokugibela i-Sre, elihlanganisa abahleli bezinhlelo abayisithupha nonjiniyela abathathu bengqalasizinda. Sonke sizama ukubhala Ingqalasizinda njengekhodi (IaC). Senza lokhu ngoba empeleni siyazi ukuthi ibhalwa kanjani ikhodi futhi sinomlando wokuba onjiniyela "abangaphezu kwesilinganiso".

• Sineqoqo lezinzuzo: isizinda esithile, ulwazi lwemikhuba, ikhono lokubhala ikhodi, isifiso sokufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Futhi kunengxenye ewohlokayo, ephinde ibe nokususa: ukuntula ulwazi mayelana nehardware yengqalasizinda.

Isitaki sobuchwepheshe esisisebenzisa ku-IaC yethu.

• I-Terraform yokudala izinsiza.
• Ipaki yokuhlanganisa izithombe. Lezi yizithombe zeWindows, CentOS 7.
• I-Jsonnet ukwenza isakhiwo esinamandla ku-drone.io, kanye nokukhiqiza i-packer json kanye namamojula ethu e-terraform.
• Azure.
• Kuyafaneleka lapho ulungiselela izithombe.
• I-Python yezinsizakalo ezisizayo kanye nemibhalo yokuhlinzeka.
• Futhi konke lokhu ku-VSCode enama-plugin abiwe phakathi kwamalungu eqembu.

Isiphetho esivela kimi isihloko sokugcina kwaba kanje: Ngizamile ukufaka (okokuqala kimina) ithemba, bengifuna ukusho ukuthi sizozama izindlela nezinqubo esizaziyo ukuze sibhekane nobunzima nobunzima obukhona kule ndawo.

Okwamanje silwa nezinkinga ezilandelayo ze-IaC:

• Ukungapheleli kwamathuluzi nezindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwekhodi.
• Ukuthunyelwa okuhamba kancane. Ingqalasizinda iyingxenye yomhlaba wangempela, futhi ingahamba kancane.
• Ukuntuleka kwezindlela nezindlela zokwenza.
• Sibasha futhi asazi okuningi.

I-Extreme Programming (XP) izosindisa

Bonke onjiniyela bajwayelene ne-Extreme Programming (XP) kanye nemikhuba emi ngemuva kwayo. Abaningi bethu basebenze ngale ndlela, futhi ibe yimpumelelo. Pho kungani ungasebenzisi imigomo nezinqubo ezibekwe lapho ukuze unqobe izinselelo zengqalasizinda? Sinqume ukuthatha le ndlela futhi sibone ukuthi kwenzekani.

Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwendlela ye-XP embonini yakhoNansi incazelo yendawo i-XP eyifanele kahle, nokuthi ihlobana kanjani nathi:

1. Izidingo zesofthiwe ezishintsha ngamandla. Kwasicacela ukuthi yini inhloso yokugcina. Kodwa imininingwane ingahluka. Thina ngokwethu sinquma lapho sidinga ukugibela amatekisi, ngakho izidingo zishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile (ikakhulukazi ngokwethu). Uma sithatha ithimba le-SRE, elenza i-automation ngokwayo, futhi ngokwayo ikhawulela izidingo kanye nobubanzi bomsebenzi, khona-ke leli phuzu lihambisana kahle.

2. Izingozi ezibangelwa amaphrojekthi esikhathi esimisiwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Singase sibhekane nezingozi lapho sisebenzisa ezinye izinto esingazazi. Futhi lokhu kuyicala lethu elingu-100%. Iphrojekthi yethu yonke bekuwukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ebesingajwayelene nabo ngokugcwele. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyinkinga eqhubekayo, ngoba... Kunobuchwepheshe obuningi obusha obuvelayo emkhakheni wengqalasizinda ngaso sonke isikhathi.

3,4. Ithimba elincane, elibekwe ndawonye lentuthuko enwetshiwe. Ubuchwepheshe obuzenzakalelayo obusebenzisayo buvumela ukuhlolwa kweyunithi nokusebenza. La maphuzu amabili awahambisani neze nathi. Okokuqala, asilona iqembu elididiyelwe, futhi okwesibili, kukhona abayisishiyagalolunye bethu, okungase kuthathwe njengeqembu elikhulu. Nakuba, ngokwezinye izincazelo zeqembu “elikhulu”, kuningi abantu abayi-14+.

Ake sibheke ezinye izinqubo ze-XP nokuthi zithinta kanjani isivinini nekhwalithi yempendulo.

I-XP Feedback Loop Principle

Ngokuqonda kwami, impendulo iyimpendulo yombuzo, ingabe ngenza into efanele, siya lapho? I-XP inohlelo lwaphezulu lwalokhu: iluphu yempendulo yesikhathi. Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi lapho siphansi, sisheshe sikwazi ukuthola i-OS ukuphendula imibuzo edingekayo.

Lesi yisihloko esithokozisayo sokuxoxwa ngaso, ukuthi embonini yethu ye-IT kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-OS ngokushesha. Cabanga ukuthi kubuhlungu kangakanani ukwenza umsebenzi izinyanga eziyisithupha bese uthola ukuthi kube nephutha ekuqaleni. Lokhu kwenzeka ekwakhiweni nakunoma yikuphi ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Esimeni sethu se-IaC, impendulo iyasisiza. Ngokushesha ngizokwenza ukulungiswa okuncane kumdwebo ongenhla: uhlelo lokukhululwa alunawo umjikelezo wanyanga zonke, kodwa lwenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Kukhona imikhuba eboshelwe kulo mjikelezo we-OS esizoyibheka kabanzi.

Okubalulekile: impendulo ingaba yisixazululo kuzo zonke izinkinga ezishiwo ngenhla. Ihlanganiswe nemikhuba ye-XP, ingakukhipha kwalasha wokuphelelwa ithemba.

Ungazikhipha kanjani kwalasha wokuphelelwa ithemba: imikhuba emithathu

Uvivinyo

Ukuhlola kushiwo kabili ku-XP impendulo loop. Akunjalo nje. Zibaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke inqubo ye-Extreme Programming.

Kucatshangwa ukuthi uneyunithi nokuhlolwa kokwamukela. Abanye bakunikeza impendulo emizuzwini embalwa, abanye ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngakho bathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi babhale futhi babuyekezwa kancane.

Kunephiramidi yokuhlola yakudala, ekhombisa ukuthi kufanele kube nezivivinyo eziningi.

Ngabe lolu hlaka lusebenza kanjani kithi kuphrojekthi ye-IaC? Empeleni... akunjalo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwamayunithi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kufanele kube kuningi, angeke kube kuningi kakhulu. Noma bahlola okuthile ngokungaqondile. Empeleni singasho ukuthi asizibhali nhlobo. Kodwa nazi izicelo ezimbalwa zokuhlolwa okunjalo esikwazile ukuzenza:
  1. Ihlola ikhodi ye-jsonnet. Lokhu, ngokwesibonelo, ipayipi lethu lokuhlanganisa i-drone, eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ikhodi ye-jsonnet imbozwe kahle izivivinyo.
     Sisebenzisa lokhu Uhlaka lokuhlola iyunithi lwe-Jsonnet.
  2. Ukuhlolwa kwezikripthi ezenziwa lapho insiza iqala. Imibhalo ibhalwe ngePython, ngakho-ke izivivinyo zingabhalwa kuzo.
• Kungenzeka ukuhlola ukucushwa ekuhlolweni, kodwa asikwenzi lokho. Kungenzeka futhi ukulungisa imithetho yokucushwa kwensiza ngokusebenzisa i-tflint. Nokho, amasheke akhona ayisisekelo kakhulu ku-terraform, kodwa imibhalo eminingi yokuhlola ibhalelwe i-AWS. Futhi siku-Azure, ngakho-ke lokhu akusebenzi futhi.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlanganisa izingxenye: kuya ngokuthi uzihlukanisa kanjani nokuthi uzibeke kuphi. Kodwa empeleni ziyasebenza.

  Yilokhu okubukeka kokuhlolwa kokuhlanganisa.

  
  
  Lesi yisibonelo lapho wakha izithombe ku-Drone CI. Ukuze ufinyelele kubo, kufanele ulinde imizuzu engama-30 ukuze isithombe se-Packer sakheke, bese ulinda eminye imizuzu eyi-15 ukuze sidlule. Kodwa zikhona!

  I-algorithm yokuqinisekisa isithombe

  1. Ipaki kufanele iqale ilungise isithombe ngokuphelele.
  2. Eduze kokuhlolwa kune-terraform enesifunda sendawo, esiyisebenzisela ukuphakela lesi sithombe.
  3. Lapho yembuleka, imojuli encane elele eduze isetshenziswa ukwenza kube lula ukusebenza nesithombe.
  4. Uma i-VM isikhishiwe esithombeni, ukuhlola kungaqala. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngemoto. Ihlola ukuthi imibhalo yasebenza kanjani ekuqaleni nokuthi ama-daemon asebenza kanjani. Ukwenza lokhu, nge-ssh noma i-winrm singena emshinini osanda kuphakanyiswa futhi sihlole isimo sokumisa noma ukuthi amasevisi aphakanyisiwe.

• Isimo siyefana nezivivinyo zokuhlanganisa kumamojula we-terraform. Nali ithebula elifushane elichaza izici zokuhlola okunjalo.

  
  
  Impendulo ngepayipi cishe imizuzu engama-40. Konke kwenzeka isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlehla, kodwa ekuthuthukisweni okusha ngokuvamile ayinangqondo. Uma ukulungele kakhulu lokhu, lungiselela izikripthi ezisebenzayo, khona-ke unganciphisa kube yimizuzu eyi-10. Kodwa lezi akuzona izivivinyo zeyunithi, ezenza izingcezu eziyi-5 ngemizuzwana emi-100.

Ukungabikho kokuhlolwa kweyunithi lapho kuhlanganisa izithombe noma amamojula e-terraform kukhuthaza ukugudluzwa komsebenzi kumasevisi ahlukene angenziwa kalula nge-REST, noma emibhalweni ye-Python.

Isibonelo, besidinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uma umshini we-virtual uqala, uyazibhalisa kusevisi IsikaliFT, futhi lapho umshini we-virtual ucekelwa phansi, wazisusa wona.

Njengoba sine-ScaleFT njengesevisi, siyaphoqeleka ukuthi sisebenze nayo nge-API. Kwakukhona uqweqwe olubhalwe lapho owawungaludonsa bese uthi: “Ngena bese ususa lokhu nalokhuya.” Igcina zonke izilungiselelo ezidingekayo kanye nokufinyelela.

Singakwazi kakade ukubhala izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zalokhu, ngoba akufani nesofthiwe evamile: uhlobo oluthile lwe-apiha luhlekwa usulu, uyaludonsa, futhi ubone ukuthi kwenzekani.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa: Ukuhlolwa kweyunithi, okufanele kunikeze i-OS ngomzuzu, akunikezi. Futhi izinhlobo zokuhlola eziphakeme kuphiramidi ziyasebenza, kodwa zihlanganisa kuphela ingxenye yezinkinga.

Bhanqa izinhlelo

Izivivinyo, vele, zinhle. Ungabhala eziningi zazo, zingaba izinhlobo ezahlukene. Bazosebenza emazingeni abo futhi basinike impendulo. Kodwa inkinga ngokuhlolwa kweyunithi embi, okunikeza i-OS eshesha kakhulu, isekhona. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisafuna i-OS esheshayo okulula futhi ejabulisayo ukusebenza nayo. Ingasaphathwa izinga ikhambi umphumela. Ngenhlanhla, akhona amasu anganikeza impendulo eshesha kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kweyunithi. Lokhu ukuhlela amapheya.

Lapho ubhala ikhodi, ufuna ukuthola impendulo ngekhwalithi yayo ngokushesha okukhulu. Yebo, ungabhala yonke into egatsheni lesici (ukuze ungaphuli lutho kunoma ubani), yenza isicelo sokudonsa ku-Github, unikeze umuntu onombono wakhe onesisindo, bese ulinda impendulo.

Kodwa ungalinda isikhathi eside. Abantu bamatasatasa bonke, futhi impendulo, ngisho noma ikhona, ingase ingabi eyeqophelo eliphezulu. Ake sithi impendulo ifike ngokushesha, umbuyekezi waqonda wonke umqondo ngaso leso sikhathi, kodwa impendulo isafika sekwephuzile, ngemuva kweqiniso. Ngifisa sengathi ngabe kusengaphambili. Yilokhu okuhloswe ngakho ukuhlela ama-pair - khona manjalo, ngesikhathi sokubhala.

Ngezansi izitayela zokuhlela ezimbili nokusebenza kwazo ekusebenzeni ku-IaC:

1. Okwakudala, Onolwazi+Onolwazi, shintsha ngesibali sikhathi. Izindima ezimbili - umshayeli kanye netilosi. Abantu ababili. Basebenza ngekhodi efanayo futhi bashintsha izindima ngemva kwesikhathi esithile esinqunyiwe kusengaphambili.

Ake sicabangele ukuhambisana kwezinkinga zethu ngesitayela:

• Inkinga: ukungapheleli kwamathuluzi namathuluzi okuthuthukisa ikhodi.
  Umthelela ongemuhle: kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthuthukisa, sehlisa ijubane, ijubane/isigqi somsebenzi siyalahleka.
  Indlela esilwa ngayo: sisebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukile, i-IDE evamile futhi sifunde nezinqamuleli.
• Inkinga: Ukuthunyelwa kancane.
  Umthelela omubi: kwandisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze udale ucezu olusebenzayo lwekhodi. Siyacikeka lapho silindile, izandla zethu zilula ukwenza okunye ngesikhathi sisalindile.
  Silwa kanjani: asizange sikunqobe.
• Inkinga: ukuntula izindlela nemikhuba.
  Umthelela omubi: alukho ulwazi lokuthi kwenziwa kanjani kahle nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani kabi. Inwebisa ukwamukelwa kwempendulo.
  Indlela esilwa ngayo: ukucobelelana ngemibono nezindlela zokusebenza emsebenzini ngamabili kucishe kuyixazulule inkinga.

Inkinga enkulu ngokusebenzisa lesi sitayela ku-IaC ijubane elingalingani lomsebenzi. Ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe yendabuko, unokunyakaza okufanayo kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa imizuzu emihlanu ubhale N. Chitha imizuzu eyi-10 bese ubhala u-2N, imizuzu eyi-15 - 3N. Lapha ungasebenzisa imizuzu emihlanu bese ubhala N, bese uchitha eminye imizuzu engu-30 bese ubhala okweshumi kwe-N. Lapha awazi lutho, unamathele, uyisiphukuphuku. Uphenyo luthatha isikhathi futhi luphazamisa ukuhlela ngokwakho.

Isiphetho: ngendlela ehlanzekile ayifanele thina.

2. I-ping-pong. Le ndlela ibandakanya umuntu oyedwa obhala isivivinyo futhi omunye asenzele ukuqaliswa. Ngokucabangela iqiniso lokuthi yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlolwa kweyunithi, futhi kufanele ubhale ukuhlolwa kokuhlanganisa okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuhlela, konke ukukhululeka kwe-ping-pong kuyaphela.

Ngingasho ukuthi sizame ukuhlukanisa izibopho zokuklama iskripthi sokuhlola nokusebenzisa ikhodi kuso. Omunye umhlanganyeli weza nesikripthi, kule ngxenye yomsebenzi ayenomthwalo wemfanelo, wayenezwi lokugcina. Futhi omunye wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqaliswa. Kusebenze kahle. Izinga leskripthi ngale ndlela liyakhuphuka.

Isiphetho: maye, ijubane lomsebenzi alikuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kwe-ping-pong njengomkhuba wokuhlela izinhlelo ku-IaC.

3.Isitayela Esiqinile. Ukuzijwayeza okunzima. Umqondo uwukuthi omunye umhlanganyeli uba itilosi isiqondiso, futhi owesibili uthatha indima umshayeli ukubulawa. Kulokhu, ilungelo lokwenza izinqumo lilele kuphela itilosi. Umshayeli uphrinta kuphela futhi angathonya okwenzekayo ngegama. Izindima azishintshi isikhathi eside.

Kuhle ekufundeni, kodwa kudinga amakhono aqinile athambile. Yilapho esabhuqa khona. Le nqubo yayinzima. Futhi akuphathelene nengqalasizinda.

Isiphetho: ingasetshenziswa, asidikibali ukuzama.

4. Ukuxukuza, ukugcwala kanye nazo zonke izitayela ezaziwayo kodwa ezingabaliwe Asikucabangeli, ngoba Asizange sikuzame futhi akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngakho kumongo womsebenzi wethu.

Imiphumela evamile ekusebenziseni uhlelo lokuhamba ngakubili:

• Sinejubane elingalingani lomsebenzi, elididayo.
• Sihlangabezane namakhono athambile angenele. Futhi indawo okukhulunywa ngayo ayisizi ekunqobeni la maphutha ethu.
• Ukuhlolwa okude nezinkinga ngamathuluzi kwenza ukuthuthukiswa okubhanqiwe kube nzima.

5. Naphezu kwalokhu, kwaba khona impumelelo. Siqhamuke nendlela yethu ethi “Convergence - Divergence”. Ngizochaza kafushane ukuthi isebenza kanjani.

Sinozakwethu baphakade izinsuku ezimbalwa (ngaphansi kweviki). Senza umsebenzi owodwa ndawonye. Sihlala ndawonye isikhashana: omunye uyabhala, omunye ahlale futhi abuke ithimba labasekeli. Bese sihlakazeka isikhathi esithile, ngamunye wenza izinto ezizimele, bese siyahlangana futhi, sivumelanise ngokushesha okukhulu, senze okuthile ndawonye futhi sihlakaze futhi.

Ukuhlela nokuxhumana

Ibhulokhi yokugcina yezinqubo lapho izinkinga ze-OS zixazululwa khona inhlangano yomsebenzi nemisebenzi ngokwayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukushintshana kokuhlangenwe nakho okungaphandle komsebenzi wokubhangqwana. Ake sibheke izinqubo ezintathu:

1. Izinhloso ngesihlahla somgomo. Sihlele ukuphathwa jikelele kwephrojekthi ngesihlahla esingena ngokungapheli esikhathini esizayo. Ngobuchwepheshe, ukulandelela kwenziwa ku-Miro. Kukhona umsebenzi owodwa - umgomo ophakathi. Kusuka kuyo kuphuma amagoli amancane noma amaqembu emisebenzi. Imisebenzi ngokwayo ivela kubo. Yonke imisebenzi idaliwe futhi inakekelwe kuleli bhodi.

Lolu hlelo luphinde lunikeze impendulo, eyenzeka kanye ngosuku lapho sivumelanisa emibuthanweni. Ukuba nohlelo olufanayo phambi kwawo wonke umuntu, kodwa oluhlelekile futhi oluvuleleke ngokuphelele, luvumela wonke umuntu ukuthi azi ngokwenzekayo nokuthi sesithuthuke kangakanani.

Izinzuzo zokubona okubonakalayo kwemisebenzi:

• Isizathu. Umsebenzi ngamunye uholela emgomweni othile womhlaba. Imisebenzi ihlelwe yaba amagoli amancane. Isizinda sengqalasizinda ngokwaso sinobuchwepheshe impela. Akuvamile ukuthi kucace ngokushesha ukuthi imuphi umthelela othize, isibonelo, ukubhala i-runbook ngokuthuthela kwenye i-nginx kunawo ebhizinisini. Ukuba nekhadi eliqondiwe eduze kwenza kucace.
  
  I-Causality iyisici esibalulekile sezinkinga. Iphendula ngokuqondile umbuzo: "Ingabe ngenza into efanele?"
• Ukufana. Siyisishiyagalolunye, futhi akunakwenzeka ngokomzimba ukuphonsa wonke umuntu emsebenzini owodwa. Imisebenzi evela endaweni eyodwa ingase inganeli njalo. Siyaphoqeleka ukufanisa umsebenzi phakathi kwamaqembu amancane asebenzayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaqembu ahlala emsebenzini wawo isikhathi esithile, angaqiniswa ngomunye umuntu. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bayawa kuleli qembu elisebenzayo. Othile uya eholidini, othile wenza umbiko we-DevOps conf, othile ubhala indatshana ngoHabr. Ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imigomo nemisebenzi engenziwa ngokuhambisana kubaluleka kakhulu.

2. Abanye abethuli bemihlangano yasekuseni abashintshayo. Ekumeni-ups sinale nkinga - abantu benza imisebenzi eminingi ngokuhambisana. Ngezinye izikhathi imisebenzi ixhumeke ngokukhululekile futhi akukho ukuqonda kokuthi ubani owenza ini. Futhi umbono welinye ilungu leqembu ubaluleke kakhulu. Lolu ulwazi olwengeziwe olungashintsha inkambo yokuxazulula inkinga. Kunjalo, ngokuvamile kukhona othile nawe, kodwa izeluleko namathiphu ahlale ewusizo.

Ukuze sithuthukise lesi simo, sisebenzise inqubo "Ukushintsha Ukuma Okuphambili". Manje azungeziswa ngokohlu oluthile, futhi lokhu kunomphumela wako. Uma sekuyithuba lakho, uyaphoqeleka ukuthi ungene ngaphakathi futhi uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani ukuze uqhube umhlangano weScrum omuhle.

3. Idemo yangaphakathi. Usizo ekuxazululeni inkinga ngohlelo oluhamba ngambili, ukubona ngeso lengqondo esihlahleni senkinga nosizo emihlanganweni yesikram ekuseni luhle, kodwa alulungile. Njengombhangqwana, ninqunyelwe ulwazi lwenu kuphela. Isihlahla somsebenzi sisiza ukuqonda umhlaba wonke ukuthi ubani owenza ini. Nomethuli wezinhlelo nozakwabo emhlanganweni wasekuseni ngeke bangene bajule ezinkingeni zakho. Impela bangase baphuthelwe okuthile.

Isixazululo satholakala ngokukhombisa umsebenzi owenziwe komunye nomunye bese kuxoxwa ngawo. Sihlangana kanye ngesonto ihora futhi sibonisa imininingwane yezixazululo zemisebenzi esiyenzile kuleli sonto eledlule.

Ngesikhathi sokubonisa, kuyadingeka ukuveza imininingwane yomsebenzi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ubonisa ukusebenza kwawo.

Umbiko ungenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlu lokuhlola.1. Ngena kumongo. Uvelaphi umsebenzi, kungani wawudingeka ngisho na?

2. Inkinga yaxazululwa kanjani phambilini? Isibonelo, ukuchofoza kwegundane okukhulu kwakudingeka, noma kwakungenakwenzeka ukwenza lutho nhlobo.

3. Siyithuthukisa kanjani. Isibonelo: "Bheka, manje kune-scriptosik, nansi i-readme."

4. Bonisa ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Kutuswa ukuthi usebenzise ngokuqondile isimo esithile somsebenzisi. Ngifuna u-X, ngenze u-Y, ngibona u-Y (noma u-Z). Isibonelo, ngiphakela i-NGINX, ngibhema i-url, futhi ngithole okuthi 200 OK. Uma isenzo siside, silungiselele kusengaphambili ukuze usibonise kamuva. Kutuswa ukuthi ungayiphuli kakhulu ihora ngaphambi kwedemo, uma intekenteke.

5. Chaza ukuthi inkinga yaxazululwa kanjani ngempumelelo, ibuphi ubunzima obusele, obungakaqedwa, yiziphi intuthuko engenzeka esikhathini esizayo. Isibonelo, manje i-CLI, khona-ke kuzoba ne-automation egcwele ku-CI.

Kuyatuseka ukuthi isikhulumi ngasinye siyigcine imizuzu emi-5-10. Uma inkulumo yakho ngokusobala ibalulekile futhi izothatha isikhathi eside, xhumanisa lokhu kusenesikhathi esiteshini sokuthatha i-sre-takeover.

Ngemuva kwengxenye yobuso nobuso kuhlala kunengxoxo emculweni. Yilapho impendulo esiyidingayo emisebenzini yethu ivela khona.

Ngenxa yalokho, kwenziwa ucwaningo ukuze kutholakale usizo lwalokho okwenzekayo. Lena impendulo ngengqikithi yenkulumo kanye nokubaluleka komsebenzi.

Iziphetho ezinde nokuthi yini elandelayo

Kungase kubonakale sengathi iphimbo lalesi sihloko lingenathemba ngandlela-thile. Lokhu akulungile. Amaleveli amabili aphansi empendulo, okuyisivivinyo nokuhlela izinhlelo, ayasebenza. Ayiphelele njengokuthuthukiswa kwendabuko, kodwa kunomphumela omuhle kuwo.

Izivivinyo, ngendlela yazo yamanje, zihlinzeka ngekhodi eyingxenye kuphela. Imisebenzi eminingi yokumisa igcina ingahloliwe. Umthelela wabo emsebenzini wangempela lapho ubhala ikhodi liphansi. Kodwa-ke, kunomphumela ovela ezivivinyweni zokuhlanganisa, futhi zikuvumela ukuthi wenze kabusha ngokungesabi. Lena impumelelo enkulu. Futhi, ngokushintsha kokugxila ekuthuthukisweni kwezilimi ezisezingeni eliphezulu (sine-python, hamba), inkinga iyahamba. Futhi awudingi amasheke amaningi ukuze "glue"; isheke lokuhlanganisa elijwayelekile lanele.

Ukusebenza ngababili kuncike kakhulu kubantu abathile. Kukhona isici somsebenzi kanye namakhono ethu athambile. Kwabanye abantu kusebenza kahle kakhulu, kanti kwabanye kuba kubi kakhulu. Kukhona ngempela izinzuzo kulokhu. Kuyacaca ukuthi noma ngabe imithetho yokusebenza ngababili inganakwa ngokwanele, lona kanye iqiniso lokwenza imisebenzi ndawonye linomphumela omuhle kwikhwalithi yomphumela. Ngokwami, ngikuthola kulula futhi kujabulisa ukusebenza ngababili.

Izindlela ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokuthonya i-OS - ukuhlela nokusebenza ngemisebenzi kukhiqiza imiphumela enembayo: ukushintshaniswa kolwazi kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nekhwalithi yentuthuko ethuthukisiwe.

Iziphetho ezimfushane emgqeni owodwa

• Odokotela bakwa-HR basebenza ku-IaC, kodwa ngokusebenza kahle okuncane.
• Qinisa okusebenzayo.
• Ziqhamuke nezakho izindlela zokunxephezela nezinqubo.

Source: www.habr.com