Kube nezingxoxo zokuthi ukuzihlukanisa kwabantu baseYurophu ngobuningi kukhuphule umthwalo kwingqalasizinda ye-inthanethi kuwo wonke amazinga kusukela ngoMashi, kodwa imithombo ehlukene ihlinzeka ngemininingwane ehlukene. Abanye bathi umthwalo ukhuphuke izikhathi eziningi, kanti abanye bathi izibalo zilinganiselwa ku-20%. Iqiniso, okungenani ihabhu le-TIER-1 e-Amsterdam, lavela endaweni ethile phakathi: ngokwezibalo ze-AMS-IX, isilinganiso somthwalo wethrafikhi senyuke cishe ngo-50%, sisuka ku-4,0 saya ku-6,0 TB/s.
Emuva maphakathi no-March, i-YouTube yamemezela ukuthi yehlisa ikhwalithi yevidiyo kubasebenzisi base-UK nase-Switzerland, bese kuba yi-EU nasemhlabeni wonke. Ezinye izinsizakalo zokubamba amavidiyo nokusakaza, ikakhulukazi iNetflix neTwitch, zaqala ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanayo.
Kodwa-ke, awukho nowodwa umthombo obonise ngokuqondile ukuthi yikuphi ukugeleza kwedatha okwakuxoxwa ngakho, nakuba bonke bakhulume ngomthwalo okhuphuke kakhulu.
Uma sibheka izibalo ezivela ku-AMS-IX, omunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu be-backbone e-EU ne-hub yayo eyinhloko e-Amsterdam, isithombe siqala ukucaca.
Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umkhuba wokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesiteshi phakathi kwabasebenzisi waqala ukwakha ekupheleni konyaka odlule, ohambisana nepharadigm yokuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi e-4G ngokudlulela ku-5G. Izinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa, empeleni, zaholela eqinisweni lokuthi umthwalo, owawulindelwe ngabahlinzeki nabasebenzi be-telecom kuphela eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu, uvele lapha futhi manje. Nansi igrafu ye-AMS-IX, ebonisa amandla omthwalo ezindaweni zabahlinzeki onyakeni odlule:
Lezi yizibalo kukho konke ukuxhumana nezikhungo zedatha lapho inethiwekhi ye-AMS-IX ixhunywe khona, okungukuthi, lena idatha efanelekile ebonisa ukuguquguquka kwemithwalo eYurophu.
Uma ubhekisisa lesi sithombe esingenhla, ungabona ukuqinisekiswa kwenkolelo-mbono yangaphambili yokuthi akuyona kuphela i-coronavirus enecala ngokugcwala kwe-inthanethi: ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kwesiteshi kwabonakala ngo-Okthoba-Novemba 2019, lapho leli gciwane. bekungakaziwa ngisho eChina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nenyanga, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-November, ukuhamba kwezimoto kukhuphuke ngo-~15% noma ~0,8 Tb/s, kusukela ku-~~4,2 Tb/s kuya ku-5 Tb/s.
Manje azikho izimanga eshadini lokusebenzisa nsuku zonke lesiteshi. Ukwenyuka komthwalo kuhambisana namahora okukhanya kwasemini, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kwenzeka eduze kwaphakathi kwamabili, nokwehla okubukhali okucishe kube yiziro ebusuku:
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokumelene nesizinda sesimo samanje sokuzihlukanisa, usuku lwesonto luyekile ukuba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwesiteshi ngabasebenzisi base-Europe. Phakathi kwamashejuli okulayisha acishe afane masonto onke, uLwesibili kuphela olugqamayo - ngalolu suku abantu bangena ku-inthanethi kancane kunangezinye izinsuku. Inani eliphakeme lomthwalo lithathe isikhathi eside ngeSonto eledlule:
Futhi, empeleni, igrafu yokulayisha yanyanga zonke kunethiwekhi ye-AMS-IX:
Abanye "ochwepheshe" baxhumanisa ukwanda komthwalo wenethiwekhi nabantu abashintshela emsebenzini wokude, kodwa lokhu akulungile ngokuphelele. Noma ubani oke wasebenzisa i-Zoom noma enye i-VoIP uyazi ukuthi umncane kangakanani umthwalo esiteshini kumodi yenkomfa ngevidiyo: I-Skype, i-Zoom noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza azikaze zizibekele umgomo wokukhiqiza isithombe se-FullHD nge-bitrate ephezulu. Umsebenzi wabo uwusizo kuphela - ukunikeza ithuba lokubona nokuzwa lowo okhuluma naye; akukho nkulumo yanoma iyiphi ikhwalithi ephezulu noma umthwalo esiteshini sesimanje. Kunalokho, i-PornHub ikhiqiza ithrafikhi eningi ngezinyuso zayo zababhalisele ukwedlula zonke izisebenzi ezikude ezwenikazi laseYurophu zihlangene.
Isimo esingokoqobo lapho umthwalo omkhulu uhlinzekwa yi-YouTube ne-Netflix okukhulunywe ngayo ekuqaleni kwesihloko, okubonakala ngokucacile kumagrafu akhuphuka aqonde phezulu, kuya ku-6 Tb/s, ngemva kokuphela kosuku lokusebenza. Umthwalo uhlala nje kuze kube phakathi kwamabili - isikhathi lapho iningi livala amamuvi nochungechunge lwe-TV bese lilala.
Ngokuvamile, amanethiwekhi kufanele abhekane nomthwalo owandayo, futhi isimo samanje sizokhuthaza kuphela abahlinzeki ukuthi babuyekeze kokubili umgogodla kanye nengqalasizinda "yemayela lokugcina", ngoba ukufinyelela kwe-ADSL kanye ne-xADSL ye-broadband kusadumile e-EU, okuyinto engavamile 2020, kanye ne-3 -4G ngeke isakwazi ukuyiphatha.
Ungase ucabange ukuthi manje ikhwalithi yokuxhumana ingaphansi kwengcindezi hhayi kuphela kusukela njalo, kodwa futhi kusukela emithwalweni ephakeme kakhulu: ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni, amanethiwekhi aseYurophu abhekene nethrafikhi enjalo, nokushintshashintsha komthwalo ngesikhathi esinikeziwe kuze kufike ku-2. Tb/s ngesikhathi sokuqala, kusuka ku-6 okuzinzile kuya ku-8 inani eliphakeme Tb/s.
Kodwa empeleni, lesi simo sijwayelekile kakhulu kubahlinzeki futhi zonke izinkinga zethu zilele kakhulu kumthamo ophelele wedatha, kunokuguquguquka.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukukhula okumaphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwesiteshi esifundeni esingama-20-26% ngonyaka, manje ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwe-EU kuqhathaniswa nakho konke ukutholakala kwe-inthanethi okuzinzile kwezwekazi eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, kodwa "ijerks" enjalo yomthwalo cishe njalo ukhona. Nali igrafu elivela ku-DE-CIX, omunye umgogodla omkhulu we-EU ovela eFrankfurt, okungenye yezindawo ezimbili ezinkulu ezwekazini laseYurophu kanye ne-Amsterdam:
Njengoba ubona, umthwalo ophakeme kunethiwekhi ye-DE-CIX ngo-2015 wawucishe ube ngu-4 Tb/s, kuyilapho isilinganiso somthwalo sasingu-2 Tb/s kuphela. Uma sikhipha isimo ngendlela eqondile, khona-ke ngokunengqondo, ngomthwalo omaphakathi we-6 Tb/s, imithwalo ephezulu yesimanje kufanele ibe ngu-10-12 Tb/s. Futhi konke kukhona kulokhu: ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsizakalo zokusakaza, ukungena kwe-4G ne-intanethi kuwo wonke amakhaya. Kodwa akwenzekanga lokho. Imithwalo ephakeme kakhulu kuyo yonke iminyaka emihlanu yokubhekwa kwe-DE-CIX ingu-+- 2 Tb/s, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakanani usayizi womthwalo ozinzile esiteshini. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Kunzima ukuphendula ngokungananazi; lona umbuzo wochwepheshe benethiwekhi yomgogodla.
Source: www.habr.com