Igama lami nginguLeonid, ngingunjiniyela wewebhusayithi , ngakho-ke, ngenxa yemisebenzi yami, nginesithakazelo ezindabeni zokubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkampani ezihlukahlukene emkhakheni wezinsizakalo zokubamba. Namuhla ngingathanda ukwethula ingxoxo no-Danil no-Dmitry, abadali bokusingatha umcimbi . Bazokhuluma ngesakhiwo sengqalasizinda, inhlangano yomsebenzi kanye nolwazi lwabo ekuthuthukiseni umhlinzeki we-virtual server eRussia.
Sicela usitshele amagama ambalwa ngawe. Ungene kanjani ekusingatheni? Wawenzani ngaphambi kwalokhu?
Kuze kube ngu-2016, mina no-Dmitry sisebenze emkhakheni we-Enterprise, okuhlanganisa nezinkampani ezifana ne-Dell, HP, EMC. Ukuhlaziya imakethe yamafu eRussia, sabona ukuthi yayikhula ngenkuthalo, futhi sanquma ukuthi singenza isipho esithakazelisayo emakethe. Ithimba labantu ebelivele lisebenzisana kwamanye amaphrojekthi lahlangana futhi laqala ukwakha inkundla yabo yokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo ehloselwe amabhizinisi amakhulu anezidingo zawo ezithile. Kusukela ngo-2018, sethule kanyekanye ukusingathwa kwamafu "kuwo wonke umuntu" futhi sabela iphrojekthi ithimba labantu abahlanu.
Isiteshi sokugcina nokulungiselela ngaphambi kokwethulwa
Ingabe le phrojekthi yebhizinisi isivele iyasebenza noma isathuthukiswa?
Yebo, isebenza ngokuhambisana - sekuvele kuneqembu elikhulu, futhi sikhuluma kakhulu ngezixazululo zesofthiwe ne-hardware yengqalasizinda ye-IT, hhayi mayelana nokubamba.
Manje unezinsiza eziningi ezahlukene. Lapho uqala, ingabe uhlu lwaluluncane noma lwalufana? Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke lezi zinsizakalo empeleni ziyiseva evamile evamile, kodwa kukhona ukuhlukana okuthile.
Siqale nge-IaaS yakudala: sinikeze amaseva abonakalayo “angenalutho” anamachweba avaliwe namanethiwekhi abonakalayo kuwo, ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukuzakhela ingqalasizinda egcwele. Kodwa ngemva kokwethulwa, kwavela ukuthi abasebenzisi abaningi babengaqondi ukuthi kungani bedinga amathuba anjalo, futhi sanquma ukuzakhela umkhiqizo omusha - i-VDS/VPS evamile, lapho imakethe isivele ijwayele. Kithina, bekuyinguqulo ekhishiwe yomkhiqizo, kodwa abasebenzisi baqonda ngokushesha ukuthi wawuyini, futhi saqala ukwamukela amakhasimende ethu okuqala. Ngokusobala, okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu nezinkampani ezinkulu kwasiphoqa ukuthi sithuthukise ngokushesha isisombululo esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi esenziwe ngokwezifiso, kuyilapho imakethe enkulu ifuna ukulula. Futhi-ke, ngokusekelwe ku-VPS, saqala ukuthuthukisa izinsizakalo ezintsha ngokusekelwe kulokho amaklayenti avame ukukucela. Futhi sisayithuthukisa.
Uzibeka kuphi izinto zokusebenza? Unayo noma uyayiqashisa? Uyikhethe kanjani i-DC ukuze uyibeke? Ingabe akhona amacala okuthuthwa?
Yonke imishini ingeyethu, siqasha kuphela indawo ezikhungweni zedatha ezimbili. Siqale ngezikhungo ezintathu zedatha: besifuna ukusebenzisa ukubekezelela amaphutha ngezindlela ezintathu, kodwa isidingo sakho ngaleso sikhathi sasincane kakhulu ukuthi singatshala kulokhu, ngakho-ke sishiye isikhungo sedatha sesithathu. Sibe nomnyakazo owodwa: besisanda kusuka esikhungweni sedatha sesithathu siya kwesinye sezimbili ezisele. Bakhethwa ngokuvumelana nalesi simiso esilandelayo: Ama-DC kufanele aziwe emakethe, athembekile (i-Tier III), ukuze bobabili babekwe endaweni eMoscow, ezindaweni ezikude komunye nomunye.
Imaphi ama-DC otholakala kuwo njengamanje futhi iyiphi owalahlile?
Manje sitholakala ku-DataSpace naku-3Data. Silahle esinye sezikhungo zedatha ye-3Data.
Ishiya isikhungo sedatha sesithathu
Ingabe uyaqasha noma uthenga amakheli e-IP?
Siyaqashisa.
Futhi kungani ukhethe le ndlela kunokuthenga?
Ngokuvamile, ukukhula ngokushesha. Sinikeza amaklayenti ingqalasizinda ebonakalayo, okungadingeki ukuthi akhokhe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezimali ngokushesha, futhi izindleko zingahlukaniswa nyanga zonke. Thina ngokwethu sithobela ifilosofi efanayo neyamakhasimende ethu - silwela ukunwetshwa kanye nokukala ngokushesha.
Ucabangani nge-IPv6?
Kuze kube manje asikaqapheli isidingo esibalulekile, ngakho-ke asizange sengeze okunye, kodwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo sekwenziwe, silungele "ukukhishwa" ngesikhathi esifushane, ngokushesha nje lapho siqonda ukuthi kunezicelo. .
Usebenzisa i-KVM virtualization. Kungani ukhethe yena? Uzibonakalisa kanjani emsebenzini?
Kunjalo, kodwa asisebenzisi i-KVM “enqunu,” kodwa isistimu ye-virtualization esekelwe ku-KVM egcwele ngokugcwele, eguquliwe “umfowethu omkhulu” eyathuthukiswa, okuhlanganisa uhlelo lokugcina idatha (SDS) kanye nenethiwekhi echazwe ngesoftware (SDN) . Siyikhethe ngesisekelo sokwakha umkhiqizo obekezelela kakhulu amaphutha ngaphandle kwephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka. Izibonakalisa kahle, kuze kube manje azikho izinkinga zomhlaba wonke eziye zavela ekukhiqizeni. Esigabeni sokuhlolwa kwe-alpha emakethe, lapho sinikeza izinsizakalo kumakhasimende okuqala ngamaphoyinti ebhonasi, sahlola ubuchwepheshe futhi sahlangabezana nenani lezikhathi ezingemnandi, kodwa kule minyaka emibili edlule sikwazile ukuqonda nokuxazulula okuningi.
Ingabe usebenzisa i-overselling? Uwulawula kanjani umthwalo kuseva?
Sisebenzisa ukuthengisa kuphela kumaphrosesa, kodwa akwenzeki ku-RAM. Ngisho nasesimweni samaprosesa angokwenyama, asivumeli umthwalo wabo ukuba udlule u-75%. Ngediski: sisebenza nokwabiwa komthamo "omncane". Sinokuqapha okumaphakathi kwendawo yonke, okusivumela ukuthi silawule umthwalo. Onjiniyela ababili banesibopho sokusekela yonke ingqalasizinda, ngakho-ke sizama ukwenza okuzenzakalelayo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi siqoqe lonke ulwazi olungase lube khona ohlelweni. Noma yikuphi ukuchezuka ekusebenzeni okuvamile kubonakala ngokushesha, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile sihlola futhi silinganise kabusha umthwalo ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda. Ukulinganisa kabusha kwenzeka njalo ku-inthanethi, amakhasimende anganakwa.
Mangaki amaseva aphathekayo onawo njengamanje? Ungeza kangaki ezintsha? Yiziphi iziphakeli ozisebenzisayo?
Okwamanje kunamaseva angama-76, sengeza amasha cishe njalo ezinyangeni ezine kuya ezinhlanu. Sisebenzisa i-QCT, Intel, Supermicro.
Ingabe kube nezimo lapho iklayenti lifika futhi lathatha zonke izinsiza zamahhala ezisele, futhi kudingeke ukuthi wengeze amaseva ngokushesha?
Yayingekho into enjalo ngezinsiza. Kuze kube manje sikhula ngokulinganayo noma kancane. Kodwa kwaba khona icala lapho umsebenzisi eza futhi efuna ama-IP angu-50, ngalinye lisendaweni ehlukile. Yebo, asinakho okufana nalokhu okwamanje :)
Yiziphi izindlela zakho zokukhokha ezidume kakhulu? Yikuphi okuncane okusetshenziswe?
Okudume kakhulu yikhadi lasebhange kanye ne-QIWI. Inketho evame kakhulu ukukhokha ngokudluliswa kwebhange ngaphansi kwesipho sezinkampani ezisemthethweni, kodwa ukudluliselwa okunjalo yikona okunamandla kakhulu (izinkampani, njengomthetho, zikhokhela izinsiza eziqinile izinyanga ezimbalwa). I-PayPal nayo isalele ngemuva: ekuqaleni asizange sithembele kubasebenzisi bangaphandle, kodwa baqala ukuvela.
I-Boodet.online inezinkokhelo ezizibhalela yona. Kungani unqume ukusebenzisa lesi sixazululo? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi? Ingabe kwakunzima ukuthuthukisa?
Isistimu yethu yonke ingeyethu indlela. Izinkundla ezikhona azizange zibonakale zisilungele ngokwe-UX, ngakho-ke sinqume ukudala nokuthuthukisa ezethu. Ukukhokha kungenye yezinsizakalo ezincane eziyingxenye yesistimu. Intuthuko iphenduke yaba nzima kakhulu kunalokho ebesikucabanga ekuqaleni. Ngisho nangesikhathi esithile kwakudingeka sihlehlise ukwethulwa kwephrojekthi ukuze sibe nesikhathi sokulungisa umkhiqizo osebenzayo ongeke ube namahloni okuhlolwa kwe-alpha. Ngokulandelayo, bathola amakhono ezindleleni zokuthuthukiswa zesikhathi eside nokuphathwa komkhiqizo. Manje sekulula ukwengeza ukusebenza okusha nemikhiqizo emisha ohlelweni.
Bangaki abantu abathuthukise konke lokhu? Ubhale ngani?
Sinabantu abahlanu bayo yonke iphrojekthi, ababili kubo okungabathuthukisi (i-frontend ne-backend). Emuva kubhalwe nge-RoR/Python. Ngaphambili i-JS.
Kuhlelwa kanjani ukwesekwa komsebenzisi? Ingabe ivulwa ngo-XNUMX/XNUMX noma ngamahora ebhizinisi kuphela? Mingaki imigqa yokusekela ekhona? Yini evame ukubuzwa?
Sinezindawo ezintathu zokungena: ingxoxo, ucingo kanye nohlelo lwesicelo olusuka ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu. Imigqa emibili yokwesekwa: uma unjiniyela osemsebenzini engakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga, umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe noma ithimba lezokuthuthukiswa liyabandakanyeka. Uma inkinga isesiteji esikhulu, okwenzeka kancane kancane, khona-ke umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe uphendukela ekusekelweni "komfowethu omkhulu". Ebusuku, siphendula kuphela izingcingo ezivela kumakhasimende athenga izinsiza zobuchwepheshe ezihlukene, noma ukwehluleka kwenkundla okubikwe nge-bot ebhalwe ngokukhethekile kuTelegram.
Imibuzo ethandwa kakhulu:
- Ingabe ama-IP ethu ayatholakala e-Turkmenistan (lokhu ngokokuqala ngqa ekudumeni - ngokusobala, izwe linomgomo oqinile wokuvimba).
- Indlela yokufaka lokhu noma leyo software.
- Ungakuthola kanjani ukufinyelela kwezimpande (kukhona ngisho nesikhumbuzi esikhethekile esibonakalayo lapho udala imishini, kepha lokhu akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi).
Ingabe uyawaqinisekisa amaklayenti? Ingabe abagaxekile nabanye abalingiswa abangalungile bavame ukuvela?
Ukuqinisekiswa ngeposi nangefoni (uma umsebenzisi enza i-2FA isebenze). Othumela ogaxekile nabanye abahlukumezi bavela ngezikhathi ezithile. Siphoqeleka ukuthi siphendule ngokuvimbela okwesikhashana iziphakeli ezisengozini, njengoba singafuni ukuthi ama-IP avinjelwe. Kodwa sihlala sibhalela umsebenzisi kusenesikhathi ukuthi isikhalazo sitholakele ngokumelene naye, futhi simcele ukuthi axhumane naye futhi axoxe ngenkinga. Uma umsebenzisi engaphenduli, noma kuvela izikhalazo eziphindaphindiwe, sivimba yonke i-akhawunti bese sisusa amaseva.
Ingabe ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS kumakhasimende kwenzeka kaningi? Wenzani ezimweni ezinjalo? Ingabe kube nokuhlaselwa okuqondile kuwe, isayithi lakho noma ingqalasizinda yakho?
Amaklayenti ahlaselwa akuvamile. Kodwa thina ngokwethu sivame ukuba newebhusayithi, i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu. Kwesinye isikhathi baxhuma inethiwekhi kumakheli e-IP ahlukene. Asazibophezeli ukwahlulela ukuthi ungubani nokuthi kungani, kungase kube nezinketho eziningi. Kukhona nemizamo yokusihlasela ngaphakathi. Ngaphambilini, lapho siqinisekisa ngocingo, sikhiphe ama-ruble ayikhulu lebhonasi ukuze abasebenzisi abajwayelekile bakwazi ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukucushwa. Kodwa ngolunye usuku umsebenzisi weza "nephakethe lamakhadi we-SIM" futhi ngaphansi kwe-IP eyodwa waqala ukudala inqwaba yama-akhawunti, ethola amabhonasi kuwo. Ngakho-ke, kudingeke ukuthi sisuse ukunqwabelana okuzenzakalelayo kwamaphuzu okuhlola. Manje udinga ukuthumela isicelo kusekelo lobuchwepheshe ukuze sihlolwe, futhi sicabangela icala ngalinye ngokwehlukana.
Uhlelwa kanjani umsebenzi, ingabe likhona ihhovisi, noma wonke umuntu usebenza ukude?
Kukhona ihhovisi, kepha ekuqaleni kwemikhawulo ngenxa ye-coronavirus, wonke umuntu waya emsebenzini evela ekhaya/edacha/edolobheni lasekhaya.
Ihhovisi lethu
Ithini inkambo yakho yamanje yentuthuko yenkampani?
Siphokophele ekungezeni amasevisi amasha. Sinomgwaqo obanzi, asiphazamisi intuthuko, futhi njalo emavikini amabili kukhishwa ukukhishwa okusha kwe-akhawunti yomuntu siqu. Sengeza ukusebenza namasevisi adingeka phakathi kozakwethu, futhi sengeza lokho amakhasimende akucelayo.
Uwathola kanjani amaklayenti? Ingabe kukhona ukungena nokuphuma okukhulu kwamaklayenti ngonyaka? Iyini isilinganiso "sesikhathi sokuphila" sekhasimende?
Iziteshi zokuheha amakhasimende emkhakheni wethu yilokho ibhizinisi lonke elincike kuzo, uma kunomkhiqizo omuhle osebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, asikulungele ukwabelana.
Isilinganiso se-Churn, i-LTV nomjikelezo wempilo nakho kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile esizisebenzisela kuphela izibalo zangaphakathi, kodwa hhayi ukuze sidalule.
Ungakwazi ukunikeza abafundi iseluleko ngokukhetha isevisi yokubamba? Yini okufanele uyinake ngaphambi kokuthenga?
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ukusingathwa ngohlamvu “B” ekuqaleni kwegama.
Kodwa ngokungathí sina, kunezici ezimbalwa okudingeka uzinake:
- Ukuze uqonde ikhwalithi, ungathatha ukucushwa okumaphakathi bese uzama ukuxazulula izinkinga zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kukho. Khetha ukusingathwa okunenani lehora - ungahlola amaseva ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimali eningi uma ikhwalithi ingagculisi.
- Bheka izikhungo zedatha lapho umsingathi unamaseva aphathekayo. Angasetshenziselwa ukwahlulela cishe ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo.
- Asincomi ukuthi unake amanani: kukhona kokubili izixazululo ezishibhile kakhulu ezenza kahle, futhi ezibiza kakhulu ezingeyona into ekhethekile.
Sitshele mayelana nezikhathi zakho zokusebenza ongazikhohlwa.
Ukuqala kwephrojekthi. Ngenyanga yokuqala nengxenye sisebenze 24/7: sibheke ukuthi ukubhaliswa kuhamba kanjani, noma ngabe kukhona okuphukile ku-interface ye-akhawunti yomuntu siqu, ukuthi abasebenzisi baziphathe kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakulungile yini ukuthi ba-oda izinsizakalo. Kuningi okwakudingeka kunqunywe empukaneni, kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokususa eminye imikhiqizo ngeminye. Izinguquko zenziwa ngokushesha ekukhiqizeni, ngokudlula izindawo zokuhlola. Kwakuyisikhathi esishubile, kodwa sakwazi ukuqhubeka nokungadikibali kuleli bhizinisi.
Abasebenzisi abeze befuna ubungozi ku-logic. Kwakujabulisa ukubabamba kanye nokuvala ubungozi. Isibonelo, lapho singasebenzeli imali, kodwa siklomelisa amabhonasi ukuze abasebenzisi bakwazi uku-oda amaseva, kwathunyelwa isixhumanisi kithi kwenye yezinkundla zabaduni namazwana: “banikeza amaseva amahhala abiza ama-ruble angu-500.” Yiqiniso, ngokushesha sagcwala abafana bezimayini abalambele ama-freebies.
Ungakwazi yini ukunikeza umugqa wesikhathi omfushane womlando wenkampani?
- Ingxenye yokuqala ka-2017 - saqala ukuthuthukisa inkundla ye-Boodet.online, iwebhusayithi kanye ne-akhawunti yomuntu siqu.
- I-2018 - ingene ukuhlolwa kwe-alpha, inikeze amandla kumakhasimende mahhala futhi yathola impendulo ebanzi nemiphumela yokuhlola njengembuyiselo.
- Maphakathi no-2018 - kwethulwe inguqulo ye-beta ngemali. Amakhulu okuqala amaklayenti, ukuhlolwa kokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.
- 2019 - siqale ukuheha izinhlangano ezisemthethweni njengamakhasimende futhi sisebenzela izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
- Ngo-2020 - wonke umuntu ungena ekuzimele yedwa, isidingo sokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo siyakhula. Sizizwa lokhu ngokwethu - kukhona ukwanda kwamakhasimende, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenza ngenani elikhulu lezinsizakalo ezengeziwe.
Source: www.habr.com