Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, iqembu lamazwe ngamazwe lososayensi abavela emanyuvesi aseMassachusetts, Pennsylvania naseMunich, eJalimane. ucwaningo ngokusebenza ngempumelelo kwama-proxies endabuko njengethuluzi elilwa nokucwaninga. Ngenxa yalokho, ososayensi bahlongoze indlela entsha yokudlula ukuvimbela, ngokusekelwe kumbono womdlalo. Siye salungiselela ukuhunyushwa okushintshiwe kwamaphuzu ayinhloko alo msebenzi.
Isingeniso
Indlela yamathuluzi e-block-bypass adumile njenge-Tor isuselwe ekusabalaliseni okuyimfihlo nokukhethiwe kwamakheli we-IP wommeleli phakathi kwamaklayenti asuka ezifundeni ezingaphansi kokuvinjwa. Ngenxa yalokho, amaklayenti kufanele ahlale engabonwa izinhlangano noma iziphathimandla ezibeka amabhlogo. Endabeni ye-Tor, laba basabalalisi be-proxy babizwa ngokuthi amabhuloho.
Inkinga eyinhloko ngezinsizakalo ezinjalo ukuhlaselwa kwabangaphakathi. Ama-ejenti okuvimbela angasebenzisa ama-proxies ngokwabo ukuthola amakheli abo futhi awavimbe. Ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okuba ummeleli, amathuluzi okudlula ama-block asebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokunikezwa kwamakheli.
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-ad hoc heuristics, engase yeqiwe. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ososayensi banqume ukwethula umzabalazo phakathi kwezinsizakalo ezihilelekile ekuvimbeni kanye nezinsizakalo zokuzidlula njengomdlalo. Besebenzisa ithiyori yegeyimu, bathuthukise amasu okuziphatha alungile eqembu ngalinye - ikakhulukazi, lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa indlela yokusabalalisa ummeleli.
Asebenza kanjani amasistimu wokudlula okhiye wokukhiya
Vimba amathuluzi okudlula njenge-Tor, i-Lantern, ne-Psiphon zisebenzisa uchungechunge lwama-proxies angaphandle kwesifunda anemikhawulo ekhona esetshenziselwa ukuphambukisa ithrafikhi yabasebenzisi kusukela kulezo zifunda futhi ilethwe kuzinsiza ezivinjiwe.
Uma ama-censors aqaphela ikheli le-IP lommeleli onjalo - isibonelo, ngemva kokulisebenzisa ngokwawo - lingavinjwa kalula futhi livinjwe. Ngakho-ke, empeleni, amakheli e-IP anjalo abameleli awadalulwa neze, futhi abasebenzisi banikezwa ummeleli oyedwa noma omunye kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, i-Tor inesistimu yebhuloho.
Okungukuthi, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukunikeza abasebenzisi ukufinyelela kuzinsiza ezivinjiwe futhi unciphise amathuba okudalulwa kwekheli lommeleli.
Ukuxazulula le nkinga ngokwenza akulula kangako - kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile abasebenzisi abajwayelekile kuma-censors azenza kubo. Izindlela ze-Heuristic zisetshenziselwa ukufihla ulwazi. Isibonelo, i-Tor ikhawulela inani lamakheli e-IP ebhuloho atholakalayo kumakhasimende ukuya kwamathathu ngesicelo ngasinye.
Lokhu akuzange kuvimbe iziphathimandla zaseShayina ekuhlonzeni wonke amabhuloho eTor ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukwethulwa kwemikhawulo eyengeziwe kuzothinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu ye-block bypass, okungukuthi, abanye abasebenzisi ngeke bakwazi ukufinyelela i-proxy.
Ithiyori yegeyimu iyixazulula kanjani le nkinga
Indlela echazwe kulo msebenzi isekelwe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi βumdlalo wokwamukelwa ekolishiβ. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi ama-ejenti ahlola i-inthanethi angaxhumana ngesikhathi sangempela futhi asebenzise amaqhinga ayinkimbinkimbi - isibonelo, angavimbi ama-proxies ngokushesha noma akwenze ngokushesha kuye ngezimo ezihlukahlukene.
Kusebenza kanjani ukungena ekolishi?
Ake sithi sinabafundi n namakolishi m. Umfundi ngamunye wenza uhlu lwakhe lwezinto azithandayo phakathi kwezikhungo zemfundo ngokusekelwe kumibandela ethile (okungukuthi, amakolishi kuphela okulethwe kuwo imibhalo abalwa). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakolishi abuye aklelise abafundi abahambise imibhalo ngokusekelwe kulokho abakuthandayo.
Okokuqala nje, ikolishi liyabanqamula labo abangahlangabezani nemibandela yokukhetha - ngeke bamukelwe noma ngabe kushoda. Bese abafaki zicelo bakhethwa kusetshenziswa i-algorithm ecabangela imingcele edingekayo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona "abafundi abangazinzile" - isibonelo, uma kukhona abafundi ababili u-1 no-2 abamukelwe ekolishi u-a no-b ngokulandelana, kodwa umfundi wesibili angathanda ukufunda enyuvesi a. Endabeni yokuhlolwa okuchazwe, ukuxhumana okuzinzile kuphela phakathi kwezinto kucatshangelwe.
I-algorithm yokwamukela ibambezelekile
Njengoba sekushiwo, kunenani elithile labafundi ikolishi elingeke lamukele ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Ngakho-ke, i-algorithm ehlehlisiwe yokwamukela yenza kucatshangwe ukuthi laba bafundi abavunyelwe ukufaka isicelo kuleso sikhungo. Kulokhu, bonke abafundi bazama ukungena emakolishi abawathanda kakhulu.
Isikhungo esinenani labafundi abangu-q sibhala uhlu lokulinda lomuntu okleliswe kakhulu ngokusekelwe kumibandela yaso, noma konke uma inani labafake izicelo lingaphansi kwenani lezindawo ezitholakalayo. Abanye bayenqatshwa, futhi laba bafundi bafaka izicelo enyuvesi elandelayo ohlwini lwabo lwezintandokazi. Leli kolishi liphinde likhethe abafundi abasezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu kwabafake izicelo ngokushesha kanye nalabo abangamukelwanga ekolishi lokuqala. Futhi, futhi, inani elithile labantu alidluli.
Inqubo iphela uma umfundi ngamunye esohlwini lwabalindile lwekolishi elithile noma enqatshelwe kuzo zonke izikhungo zemfundo ayengabhalisa kuzo. Ngenxa yalokho, amakolishi ekugcineni avuma wonke umuntu ohlwini lwawo lokulinda.
I-proxy ihlangene ngani nayo?
Ngokufanisa nabafundi namakolishi, ososayensi banikeze iklayenti ngalinye ummeleli othile. Umphumela waba umdlalo obizwa ngokuthi umdlalo we-proxy assignment. Amaklayenti, okuhlanganisa ama-agent angabahloli, enza njengabafundi abafuna ukwazi ikheli lama-proxies, adlala indima yamakolishi - banomkhawulokudonsa owaziwayo kusengaphambili.
Kumodeli echazwe kukhona abasebenzisi abangu-n (amaklayenti) A =
{a1, a2, β¦, an}, ezicela ukufinyelela kummeleli ukuze kudlule ukuvinjwa. Ngakho, i-ai inkomba yeklayenti "ingqikithi". Phakathi kwalaba basebenzisi n, m kukhona ama-ejenti okuhlaziya, achazwa ngokuthi J = {j1, j2, ..., jm}, abanye abasebenzisi abajwayelekile. Wonke ama-agent alawulwa yiziphathimandla ezimaphakathi futhi athola imiyalelo kuwo.
Kuphinde kucatshangwe ukuthi kukhona isethi yama-proxies P = {p1, p2, ..., pl}. Ngemuva kwesicelo ngasinye, iklayenti lithola ulwazi (ikheli le-IP) mayelana nama-proxies angu-k avela entweni yokusabalalisa. Isikhathi sihlukaniswe ngezikhawu-izigaba, eziqokwe njengo-t (umdlalo uqala kokuthi t=0).
Iklayenti ngalinye lisebenzisa umsebenzi wokushaya amaphuzu ukuze lihlole ummeleli. Ososayensi basebenzise lo msebenzi 
ukumaka amaphuzu umsebenzisi abelwe ukuba ummeleli px esiteji t. Ngokufanayo, ummeleli ngamunye usebenzisa umsebenzi ukuhlola amaklayenti. Leyo umphumela i-proxy px eyabelwe iklayenti ai esiteji t.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi wonke umdlalo ungokoqobo, okungukuthi, βumsabalalisiβ uwudlalela ummeleli namaklayenti. Ukuze enze lokhu, akadingi ukwazi uhlobo lweklayenti noma izintandokazi zabo mayelana nama-proxies. Esigabeni ngasinye kukhona umdlalo, futhi i-algorithm yokwamukela ebambezelekile iyasetshenziswa.
Imiphumela
Ngokuya ngemiphumela yokulingisa, indlela esebenzisa ithiyori yegeyimu ibonise ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa namasistimu okudlula okukhiya aziwayo.
Ukuqhathanisa nesevisi ye-rBridge VPN
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ososayensi bathole amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile angathinta ikhwalithi yokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezinjalo:
- Kungakhathalekile isu le-censors, uhlelo lokunqoba ukuvimbela kufanele luvuselelwe njalo ngama-proxies amasha, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwawo kuzokwehla.
- Uma ama-censor anezinsiza ezibalulekile, angakhuphula ukusebenza kahle kokuvimbela ngokungeza ama-ejenti asabalaliswe ngokwendawo ukuze bathole ama-proxi.
- Isivinini okufakwa ngaso ama-proxies amasha sibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu yokunqoba ukuvinjwa.
Izixhumanisi eziwusizo nezinto zokwakha ezivela :
Source: www.habr.com