I-Avito ihlonza kanjani abakhohlisi futhi ilwe nokukhwabanisa

Sawubona, Habr. Ngingu-Igor, umholi weqembu elilwa nabakhwabanisi ku-Avito. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngempi yaphakade nama-scoundrels azama ngisho nangesinye isikhathi ukukhohlisa abathengi be-inthanethi ngokuletha izimpahla.

Sesiside isikhathi silwa nokukhwabanisa. Abakhohlisi banamuhla bakhohlisa abantu ngokulingisa izixhumanisi zokusebenzelana nemisebenzi yezinkundla zokuhweba ze-inthanethi. Isibonelo, baqhamuke nezikimu zokulethwa kwezincwadi ezimakethe.

NgoJanuwari 2020, imiyalo esenziwe ngomumo yabakhwabanisi nawo wonke amathuluzi adingekayo avele ku-inthanethi. Khona-ke ukuzehlukanisa kwengeze uphethiloli emlilweni: labo ababeke bakhohlisa futhi bantshontsha emigwaqweni nasezindlini baphoqeleka ukuthi bangene ku-inthanethi. Mhlawumbe bona laba “bakhohlisi” bebekufonela kakhulu muva nje, bebhala ngemiyalezo esheshayo, ama-SMS kanye nezincwadi. Bazethula njengabasebenzi bamabhange kanye nezikhungo zomthetho, izihlobo ezikude noma notaries. Bhala emazwaneni ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokukhwabanisa ohlangabezane nalo ngeledlule.

Izikimu zokukhwabanisa ezijwayelekile

Uhlelo oluvame kakhulu lokukhohlisa umthengi ngokulethwa kwezimpahla lubukeka kanje:

1. Umkhonyovu ushicilela isikhangiso esinomkhiqizo odumile esigabeni sentengo emaphakathi. Isibonelo, ngokudayiswa kwama-scooters kagesi - adumile ehlobo.
2. Nganoma iyiphi indlela, unxenxa umuntu ongase abe umthengi ukuba adilive. Izaba zingahluka: Ngishiye idolobha ngesikhathi sodlame noma ngimatasa kakhulu futhi angikwazi ukuza emhlanganweni.
3. Ngemva kokuthola imvume, umkhohlisi uthumela isixhumanisi sokukhokha esingelona iqiniso. Ikhasi elixhunyiwe lifana nefomu le-Avito elijwayelekile.
4. Isisulu sakhokha ukuthenga bese sivalelisa emalini.
5. Umkhonyovu uzama ukwenza imali eyengeziwe ngokuthembisa ukubuyisela inkokhelo. Uthumela umthengi ifomu elisha ukuze abuyiselwe imali, kodwa empeleni uyabakhokhisa futhi. Ikhasi lokubuyisela liyikhasi lokukhokha elifanayo, kodwa umbhalo osenkinobho ushintshiwe usuka kokuthi “khokha” waya “ubuyisela”.

Ngezansi kunesibonelo sekhasi elingelona iqiniso elingase lithunyelwe umkhohlisi. Isizinda silingisa i-Avito, futhi isayithi ngokwalo lifana nekhasi lokuphuma esitolo se-inthanethi. Amakhasi mbumbulu avame ukuba kuphrothokholi ye-https, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuwahlukanisa ngalesi sici. Ngemva kokugcwalisa idatha, umsebenzisi uyiswa ekhasini lokukhokha le-oda, lapho ecelwa ukuba afake imininingwane yekhadi lakhe lasebhange.

Inkokhelo yomkhiqizo mbumbulu namakhasi okubuyisela imali

Sivimba abathengisi abasolisayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze benze imisebenzi enjalo, abakwa-scammers badinga njalo ukudala ama-akhawunti amasha ku-Avito. Bazibhalisa ngokwabo besebenzisa i-SMS enombolweni ebonakalayo yesikhashana, noma bathenge ama-akhawunti antshontshiwe. Ikhadi le-SIM elibonakalayo libiza kusuka kuma-kopecks angama-60, i-akhawunti yomunye umuntu emakethe yesithunzi ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-10. Izindleko zakho zombili zingaphansi ngokungenakuqhathaniswa kunemali engenayo yesikhathi esisodwa evela kubasebenzisi abakhohlisayo.

Kwakuyi-Avito Scam 1.0, kodwa izinguqulo 2.0, 3.0 ngisho ne-4.0 sezivele zivele. Lokhu akuzona amagama ethu - asetshenziswa abakhohlisi ngokwabo.

Abakhohlisi abathengi kuphela, kodwa nabathengisi. Umdwebo wesibili ubukeka kanje:

1. Umthengi kusolakala ukuthi uthumele imali ngokwenza umsebenzi ovikelekile.
2. Uthumela umthengisi isixhumanisi somgunyathi lapho engathola khona inkokhelo.
3. Umthengisi uyiswa ekhasini elicela imininingwane yekhadi lakhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, inani lidonswa ku-akhawunti yakhe.

Uhlelo lwe-Scam 3.0 lusebenza kanje:

1. Umthengisi ushicilela izikhangiso ngokulethwa okucushiwe nge-Avito.
2. Lapho umthengi ekhokhela izimpahla, umkhohlisi umthumelela isithombe-skrini lapho u-Avito kuthiwa ucela ikhodi yokuqinisekisa.
3. Ngokusebenzisa ikhodi, umdayisi ungena ku-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Kuphrofayela yomthengi, umkhohlisi uhlola ibhokisi elibonisa ukuthi uzitholile izimpahla. Umthengi usala engenamali nokuthenga.

Futhi uhlelo lwe-4.0 luhlelwe kanje:

1. Umthengi wenza sengathi uzikhokhele izimpahla bese ethumela irisidi elingumgunyathi. Amarisidi athunyelwa noma yikuphi: nge-imeyili noma ngesigijimi esivela eceleni. Kuya ngokuthi umthengisi unikeze ini kumkhohlisi.
2. Umthengisi uthola i-SMS elingisa ukudluliselwa okuvela ebhange.
3. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, umthengi ubhala ukuthi umkhiqizo ovela komunye umdayisi ungamfanelekela kangcono futhi ucela ukubuyiselwa imali. Ingxabano ethi "yibuyisele, awuyena umkhohlisi" ivame ukusetshenziswa. Umthengisi uthumela inani kumthengi, kodwa ephaketheni lakhe, ngoba kwakungekho inkokhelo.

Yini abakhwabanisi bacindezelwa yona?

Izimo ezinhlanu ezidume kakhulu lapho abantu bewela khona ekubanjweni kwabakhwabanisi:

1. Isiphakamiso sokuthengisa esiyingqayizivele. Intengo noma umkhiqizo uqhathaniswa kahle nezinye izipesheli.
2. Ukujabula. Umthengisi unabantu abambalwa abazimisele ukuthenga umkhiqizo, ngakho uphoqa inkokhelo kusengaphambili.
3. Ukuphuthuma. Umthengi uthembisa ukuthenga izimpahla ngokushesha nganoma iyiphi imali futhi ucela lonke ulwazi lwekhadi lasebhange ukuze adlulisele imali.
4. Inhliziyo enhle. Umkhonyovu ucela usizo lokuthenga umkhiqizo: isibonelo, umthengi unezinkinga zempilo noma akakwazi ukuzithathela umkhiqizo mathupha. Umkhohlisi ucela imininingwane yekhadi ukuze adlulisele imali, futhi izimpahla kuthiwa zizolandwa yi-courier.
5. Izindawo namadolobha ahlukahlukene. Kulokhu, ukukhokha kusengaphambili kuyisimo esiyisibopho sokuthengiselana, futhi lokhu kuvula insimu enkulu yomsebenzi wabakhwabanisi.

Uhlelo "lomsebenzi" lwabakhwabanisi

Amaqembu amathathu abantu ahilelekile ohlelweni lokukhwabanisa: abasebenzi, ukusekelwa, i-TS.

Abasebenzi, kusukela egameni elithi isisebenzi, yiqembu elikhulu labantu, ikakhulukazi izingane zesikole nabafundi. Bakha ama-akhawunti ngokuzimela ku-Avito futhi babheke izisulu, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-mammoths. Bese, besebenzisa amakhono obunjiniyela bezenhlalo, bakholisa izisulu ukuthi zikhokhele okuthile futhi zizithumele isixhumanisi esingamanga. Uma isisulu sikhokhela "izimpahla," khona-ke umsebenzi wabasebenzi, ngosizo lokusekelwa, ukudlulisela isisulu ekubuyiselweni kwemali, esho uhlobo oluthile lwephutha lobuchwepheshe.

Ukusekela abantu, okuthi ukuze bathole imali engashintshi, basize abasebenzi abasanda kuzalwa bakhohlise abasebenzisi. Banikeza iseluleko, batusa imikhiqizo "enenzuzo", futhi ngokuvamile bazimisele ukunikeza ezinye izinsizakalo ngephesenti elithile lokuthengiselana okukhohlisayo, isibonelo, ukulungisa ipasipoti ku-Photoshop, ukubiza isisulu, ukumbhalela egameni lokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.

I-TS, evela ku-Topic Starter ezinkundleni zethunzi, lapho abasebenzi beqashwe khona, empeleni bangabahleli. Balanda noma bathenge isoftware, equkethe izingxenye ezimbili:

1. I-Telegram bot, okuyithuluzi eliyinhloko labakhwabanisi. Kuyo ungathola isixhumanisi esingamanga somkhiqizo, uthole izaziso mayelana nokuchofoza noma izinkokhelo.
2. Inguqulo yewebhu, enesibopho sokubonisa ikhasi lokukhokha/lokubuyisela/lokuthola. Isistimu yokukhokha yokwamukela izinkokhelo nayo ixhunywe kuyo.

Abahleli benza imali ngephesenti lokudluliswa kwesisulu ngasinye, okubizwa ngenzuzo. Ngakho-ke, bazama ukukhangisa iphrojekthi yabo futhi bakhokhe ukwesekwa ukuze baqeqeshe abasanda kungena. Baphinde bathwale zonke izindleko ezihlobene nokuthengwa kwezizinda ezintsha namakhadi lapho imali iza khona.

Ngemva kokubheka amakhodi omthombo wezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zemibhalo ekhohlisayo, sifinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi eziningi zazo zibhalwe nge-PHP, kodwa ezingeni elibi kakhulu. Cishe yonke imibhalo iqoqa ulwazi olumayelana nabasebenzisi bayo, okuhlanganisa nabasebenzi. Okunye okucatshangwayo ukuthi kungani benze lokhu wukuthi uma abomthetho bethintana nomgqugquzeli uzobe esebambisana nophenyo azame ukwehlisa isijeziso ngokudalula abasebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwemibhalo, abakhohlisi basebenzisa amabhomu. Lawa ama-bot anikeza ithuba lokufaka ugaxekile kufoni yakho nge-SMS namakholi. Amabhomu asebenza kanje: aya kumasayithi ahlukene futhi acele ukubhaliswa noma ukutholwa kwephasiwedi esebenzisa inombolo yocingo. Imvamisa abakhohlisi babaxhuma nezisulu amahora angama-2-72. Futhi lesi yisizathu esibalulekile sokungabonisi inombolo yakho yocingo ku-inthanethi.

Enye i-TS iphinde iqashe onjiniyela abenza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bot noma iwebhusayithi. Isibonelo, bathuthukisa izilinganiso zabasebenzi noma bavikele izikripthi ekubeni sengozini ezitholakala kuzinguqulo zamahhala. Nokho, ngokuphishekela inzuzo esheshayo, imoto ingazithathela yonke imali, ikhohlisa abasebenzi bayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona iqembu labafana abenza imali kubakhwabanisi ngokwabo, bebakhohlisa ezinkonzweni ezihlukahlukene.

Isilinganiso semali engenayo yansuku zonke ye-fraudster-executor ingama-ruble angu-20, kanti leyo yomhleli womgunyathi ingama-ruble angu-000. Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule: naphezu kokungajeziswa okusobala kanye nezinzuzo "zebhizinisi", wonke lo msebenzi uwela ngaphansi. ngaphansi kwe-Article 159 ye-Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Abakhwabanisi bayaboshwa futhi banikezwe izigwebo zangempela ngisho nasezimeni lapho umonakalo ovela ekukhohliseni ufika kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5-7.

Sidlulisela lonke ulwazi esinalo mayelana nokukhwabanisa kuma-ejensi okugcinwa komthetho. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi naphezu kwenzuzo ebonakalayo kanye nokulula kohlelo, abafundi bethu bayaqonda ukuthi abantu abanomqondo omncane kuphela abangaqapheli zonke izingozi abahlanganyela ekukhwabaniseni.

Impi eyingqophamlando phakathi kokungakhwabanisi nabakhwabanisi

Sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo esizithathe ezinyangeni zokuqala zika-2020 ukuze sivikele abasebenzisi bethu, nokuthi abakhohlisi baphendule kanjani.

Imethrikhi eyinhloko ebesithembele kuyo ukuze sihlole ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi wethu kwakuyinombolo yezingcingo zokwesekwa ezikhokhelwa umkhohlisi. Sivimba izikhangiso eziningi eziwumgunyathi ngaphambi kokuthi zifike kusayithi. Kodwa lapho cishe konke ukuhweba kuthuthela ku-inthanethi, saqopha ukwanda kwezicelo. Lolu lwazi luphinde luqinisekiswe ngamabhange: ngo-Ephreli nangoMeyi athumele izexwayiso ezinkulu mayelana nokukhula kokukhwabanisa ekuthengeni ku-inthanethi.

Ukuze uthole impendulo esheshayo ngamathuluzi amasha, umuntu ovela ethimbeni lethu ungene ngokunyenya inqwaba yamaqembu avaliwe abakhohlisi. Kwenye yazo, waphumelela inhlolokhono njengonjiniyela futhi wakwazi ukufinyelela ikhodi yomthombo ye-scam bots, futhi wangena eqenjini labahleli. Ngenxa yalokhu, besihlale sinolwazi olusha, oluvela mathupha.

Ukuqonda ubungozi ngenxa yokuqala kokuzihlukanisa, siqale umsebenzi ngaphambi kokwanda okusebenzayo kwezicelo. Esinye sezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe zokuqala kwakuwukusetshenziswa kokuvimbela ukugebenga ukuze kuhlwithwe ama-akhawunti abasebenzisi kubahlaseli. Ukwenza lokhu, uma ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi kufakwe ngendlela efanele, kodwa i-geolocation ibisolisa, sicele ikhodi evela ku-SMS ethunyelwe kumnikazi we-akhawunti. Ukuphendula, abakhwabanisi baqale ukubhalisa ama-akhawunti azimele. Lokhu kusizuzisa kakhulu - ama-akhawunti amasha abathengisi akhuthaza ukwethenjwa okuncane kuwo wonke umuntu.

Okulandelayo, siqale ukuxwayisa abasebenzisi mayelana nokulandela izixhumanisi ezisolisayo kusithunywa. Ngakho-ke sehlise inani lokuchofoza ngokwesithathu, kodwa lokhu akuzange kube namphumela kumethrikhi yethu eyinhloko: labo abakhohliswa abakhohlisi abazange bamiswe yinoma yiziphi izexwayiso.

Okulandelayo sethula uhlu olumhlophe lwezixhumanisi. Siyekile ukugqamisa izixhumanisi ezingaziwa kusigijimi se-Avito; ngeke usakwazi ukuzilandela ngokuchofoza okukodwa. Lapho kukopishwa isixhumanisi esisolisayo, isixwayiso siphinde saboniswa. Lesi sinqumo sibe nomthelela omuhle kumamethrikhi ethu okokuqala ngqa.

Saqala ukujezisa ngenkuthalo ukuhanjiswa kwezixhumanisi ezisolisayo kusithunywa se-Avito: vimba noma wenqabe izikhangiso zomthengisi. Ukuphendula, abakhohlisi baqala ukuphambukisa abasebenzisi engxoxweni yethu baye kuzithunywa ezisheshayo zezinkampani zangaphandle. Sabe sesikhipha isexwayiso sokuthi ungashintsheli kwesinye isithunywa uma usibona sishiwo engxoxweni. Lo msebenzi uqale ngokusesha okujwayelekile kwesisho, sabe sesifaka imodeli ye-ML esikhundleni salo.

Khona-ke abakhohlisi baqala ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi nge-imeyili. Ukuze benze lokhu, babedinga into efanayo sonke esiyidingayo: ukwethembana. Baqala ukuthumela izisulu ezingaba izithombe lapho u-Avito kuthiwa ucele i-imeyili yomthengi. Lona umkhonyovu - asiwadingi ama-imeyili abathengi.

Lapha ukwesekwa kwethu kuthiwa kuphendula ukuthi i-imeyili yomthengi iyadingeka ukuze kulethwe

Futhi lapha kusixhumi esibonakalayo kubonakala kunenkambu entsha yokufaka i-imeyili

Uma omunye umuntu ekwazi ukuhlukanisa isixhumanisi esingumgunyathi, khona-ke uhlamvu lungenziwa kalula futhi luthembeke kakhulu. Siqale ukususa umlayezo we-imeyili futhi sakhombisa umsebenzisi isexwayiso mayelana nezingozi zesenzo esinjalo. Uma ngemva kwesexwayiso umsebenzisi athumela i-imeyili futhi, asisayisusi.

Abakhwabanisi sebeqalile ukucela amakhasimende ukuthi athumele amakheli abo e-imeyili ngemilayezo eminingi noma uphawu luka-@ lufakwe okunye esikhundleni salokho. Sabe sesiqala ukubonisa isixwayiso ngisho nalapho sicela iposi. Inkimbinkimbi yalezi zinyathelo yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuvimbela cishe ngokuphelele abasebenzisi ukuthi bashiye isithunywa se-Avito seposi.

Imishini yethu yamanje iyasebenza impela, kodwa ayisebenziseki kalula. Umlayezo we-imeyli ususwa ngokuphelele, futhi ngokuvamile uqukethe omunye umbhalo. Kodwa kwakuyikhambi elisheshayo nelishibhe ukulithuthukisa. Sicabanga ukuthi singayenza kanjani kabusha futhi siyithuthukise.

Enye yezinhlelo zethu zakamuva ukudayela inombolo. Imvamisa, izinombolo ezisetshenziswa abakhohlisi ukubhalisa ama-akhawunti azihlali isikhathi eside. Sishayela inombolo yomthengisi ngemva kokuhambisa isikhangiso ku-Avito. Uma ungakwazi ukudlula ngefoni, ukulinganisela kuzosenqaba isikhangiso. Abakhwabanisi baqala ukushintsha inombolo yocingo ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba ishicilelwe ukuze sishaye ucingo isatholakala.

Futhi nansi impendulo evela kumkhohlisi

Ezimeni ezisolisayo, sehlisa ukubaluleka kwesikhangiso emiphumeleni yosesho futhi sikususe ezincomweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sibeka ukubambezeleka ekukhipheni kufikela kumahora angu-48 ukuze siqinisekise isikhathi sokuhlola yonke into ngokucophelela futhi sibangele ukuphazamiseka okuncane kubakhohlisi.

Lokhu kumane kuyiphuzu leqhwa, ziningi ezinye izinhlobo zokukhwabanisa.

Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza zonke izinhlobo zokukhwabanisa esihlokweni esisodwa. Lapho sifunda ngokwethulwa kombuso wokuzihlukanisa, kwavele kwacaca ukuthi abakhwabanisi abenza imali ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi bazosebenzisa i-inthanethi. Ngeke bafune ukushintsha izindlela zabo zokuziphatha izinyanga ezimbalwa futhi babe izakhamuzi ezinhle. Lokhu kuholele ekudlondlobaleni kwangempela kokukhwabanisa kuzo zonke izinkundla ze-inthanethi nangocingo.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zokukhwabanisa, kukhona ezingandile futhi ezihlekisayo. Isibonelo, lapha umkhonyovu uzenza irobhothi ukuze unciphise izindleko zokuxhumana:

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona abakhwabanisi abambalwa futhi abambalwa ku-Avito nsuku zonke, futhi ukuhlasela kwenzeka ezweni lonke lapho izikhulu zomthetho zibathola khona, naphezu kwama-proxies nama-VPN, zibavalele futhi ziholele ezigwebo zangempela ezifika eminyakeni engu-2 ejele ukukhohlisa kwama-ruble angu-2500 -5000, akunakwenzeka ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukukhwabanisa.

Ngeke sikhulume esidlangalaleni ngeminye imibono kanye nezinto ezintsha, ukuze singenzi umsebenzi wabakhwabanisi ube lula. Siyaqonda ukuthi le mpi izoqhubeka. Umsebenzi wethu uwukwenza ukuphila kube nzima ngangokunokwenzeka kubakhohlisi, ukwenza lolu hlobo lomsebenzi kusisetshenziswa sethu lungabi nanzuzo futhi lube yingozi kakhulu, kuyilapho kulimaza kancane abasebenzisi abalungile.

Imiphumela yomsebenzi

Nali umugqa wesikhathi wamakholi wokwesekwa kobugebengu bokulethwa. Emasontweni adlule ihlale isezingeni eliphansi ngokuqhubekayo:

Ungakugwema kanjani ukuba yisisulu somkhohlisi

Abakhwabanisi bayimpukane ekugcotshweni kwezipesheli ezinenzuzo. Ukuze uhlale uphephile, vele ulandele le mithetho:

1. Ungabelani ngedatha ebucayi. Alikho: igama eligcwele, inombolo yocingo, ikheli, i-imeyili, idethi kanye nendawo yokuzalwa, ulwazi mayelana nomndeni nemali engenayo, imininingwane yekhadi, abathintwayo kwezinye izithunywa. Ungalokothi utshele amakhodi avela ku-SMS kanye nezaziso zohlelo lokusebenza.
2. Yenza konke ukuxhumana ngaphakathi kwesithunywa sethu kuphela, khona-ke sizokwazi ukukuxwayisa uma kwenzeka ingozi.
3. Hlola isilinganiso somthengisi kanye neminyaka yephrofayela. Ukusola kuphakanyiswa amanani aphansi, usuku lwakamuva lokubhaliswa kusayithi kanye nokubuyekezwa okungalungile.
4. Uma inkinobho ethi "Thenga ngokudiliva" ingasebenzi, akukho ukulethwa kwezimpahla ngozakwethu abathembekile be-Avito. Ezinye izindlela zokuletha zihlale ziyingozi.
5. Ungachofozi izixhumanisi. Isixhumanisi sokukhokha noma sokwamukela imali kufanele sithunyelwe kusithunywa se-Avito esakhelwe ngaphakathi ngomlayezo wesistimu. Isixhumanisi sangempela sihlala siqala ngesizinda esithi www.avito.ru. Noma iyiphi enye inhlanganisela yamagama nezimpawu kuwukukhwabanisa.
6. Thatha isikhathi sakho futhi wenze konke ukuthenga kube okusangulukisayo. Qaphela yonke imininingwane emincane. Abakhwabanisi bavame ukufaka ingcindezi kwabangase bathenge futhi basabise ngokuthengisela omunye umuntu umkhiqizo. Abathengisi abathembekile bathembekile futhi balungele imibuzo eyengeziwe.
7. Ungenzi inkokhelo kusengaphambili yanoma yiziphi izinkonzo ngaphandle uma uqiniseka ngomthengisi.
8. Ungafaki noma yiziphi izandiso noma izinhlelo zenkampani yangaphandle.
9. Uma ubona iphrofayela esolisayo noma isikhangiso, bhala ngakho ekusekeleni kwethu. Sizobheka umdayisi. Ku-inthanethi kungcono ukungathembi muntu futhi wenze ukuhlola okwengeziwe.

Source: www.habr.com