Imephu yendiza, amaphuzu anokugxila kwe-methane ngaphezu kuka-3 ppm*m amakiwe. Futhi lokho kuningi!
Ake sithi unendawo yokulahla imfucumfucu ebhemayo futhi enukayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho izinto eziphilayo zibola, kwakheka amagesi ahlukahlukene. Lokhu akukhiqizi i-methane kuphela, kodwa namagesi anobuthi ngokuphelele, yingakho izindawo zokulahla imfucuza eqinile ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka zihlolwe.
Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezinyawo ngomtshina we-methane ogqokekayo, kodwa ekusebenzeni kunzima kakhulu, kudla isikhathi futhi ngokuvamile akudingekile ikakhulukazi kubanikazi bezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu.
Kodwa lokhu kudingwa nguhulumeni wedolobha, iziphathimandla zikamasipala, isifunda, njll., lapho indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu noma indawo yokulahla egunyaziwe ikhona, abezemvelo kanye nabantu abavamile abafuna ukuphefumula umoya ohlanzekile.
Isevisi yokulinganisa izinga le-methane okuzenzakalelayo kusetshenziswa ama-drones idingeka kakhulu eYurophu.
Thina, nabalingani bethu benkampani , yenze umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe kule ndlela futhi yathola umphumela othakazelisayo.
Ilawulwa yini?
Uhlaka olulawulayo lwezindawo zokulahla imfucuza eqinile ziyiziqondiso zokuklama, ukusebenza kanye nokubuyiselwa kabusha kwezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu eqinile yasendlini (egunyazwe nguMnyango Wezokwakha we-Russian Federation ngoNovemba 2, 1996), imithetho yenhlanzeko SP 2.1.7.1038-01 βEnhlanzeko izidingo zokuklanywa nokugcinwa kwezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu yendlu eqinile" (evunywe yiSinqumo se-Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation sangomhla zingama-30 kuNhlaba wezi-2001 No. 16), umqondo wokuphathwa kwemfucuza eqinile eRussian Federation. I-MDS 13-8.2000 (igunyazwe yiSinqumo SeBhodi LeKomidi Lokwakha Likahulumeni LeRussian Federation yangoDisemba 22, 1999 No. 17) , SanPiN 2.1.6.1032-01. 2.1.6. Umoya womkhathi nomoya wangaphakathi, ukuvikelwa komoya ohlanzekile. Izidingo zokuhlanzeka zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomoya osemkhathini ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi (kugunyazwe uDokotela Oyinhloko Wezobunhlanzeko we-Russian Federation ngoMeyi 17.05.2001, XNUMX).
Izilinganiso eziphezulu ezivumelekile zale sethi yamadokhumenti zimi kanje:
Izidakamizwa
I-MPC, mg/m3
Ubuningi besikhathi esisodwa
Isilinganiso sansuku zonke
Uthuli alunabuthi
0,5
0,15
i-hydrogen sulfide
0,008
-
I-carbon monoxide
5,0
3,0
I-nitric oxide
0,4
0,06
Insimbi ye-Mercury
-
0,0003
UMethane
-
50,0
Amoniya
0,2
0,04
IBenzene
1,5
0,1
I-Trichloromethane
-
0,03
I-4-carbon chloride
4,0
0,7
Chlorobenzene
0,1
0,1
Ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwe-biogas:
Izidakamizwa
%
I-Methane, CH4
50-75
I-Carbon dioxide, i-CO2
25-50
I-nitrogen, N2
0-10
IHydrojeni, H2
0-1
I-Hydrogen sulfide, i-H2S
0-3
I-Oxygen, O2
0-2
I-Biogas ikhishwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12-15, futhi ngemva konyaka wesibili i-methane kuphela noma i-carbon dioxide kuphela (noma ingxube yakho kokubili).
Ungabheka kanjani ukuvuza manje
Ukuthola izindawo zokukhishwa kwe-methane ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, kusetshenziswa umsebenzi we-linemen. Bathatha i-analyzer yegesi ebanjwe ngesandla (ngolimi oluvamile - "i-sniffer") kanye nenye into efana nesambulela, futhi u-lineman ukhetha indawo endaweni yokuhlola. Ufaka idome elincane lapho bese elinda igesi ethile ukuze inqwabelane ngaphansi kwedome. Ikala izinga lokuhlushwa kusetshenziswa i-gas analyzer futhi irekhoda ukufundwa kwedivayisi. Ngemva kwalokhu, uya kwelinye iphuzu ukuze athole isilinganiso esilandelayo. Njalo njalo.
Inqubo ilula kakhulu, kodwa ayisebenzi kahle ngokwenani lezilinganiso ezithathwa ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi. Ake sengeze lapha isici somuntu kanye nezimo zokusebenza zesihogo ze-lineman ophoqeleka ukuba ahambe amahora amaningi endaweni yokuhlola enukayo (mhlawumbe usasebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu).
Drone ukusisiza
Ekupheleni kuka-2018, embukisweni we-INTERGEO 2018 (eFrankfurt), sajwayelana nobuchwepheshe bePergam kanye nolwazi lwabo lwezindiza ezindizayo phezu kwezindawo zokulahla imfucuza eqinile. Laba bafana baqala ukusebenzisa i-drone ene-laser methane detector eyihlane efakwe kuyo ukucinga ukuvuza. I-logger yafakwa ebhodini le-drone, elirekhoda konke ukufundwa komtshina. Lapho indiza isiqediwe, ulwazi olusuka kumgawuli ludluliselwa kukhompyutha ngendlela yedatha yethebula ukuze luhlaziywe. Uma endaweni ethile kunokugxilwa kwe-methane eyeqile, i-drone ithunyelwa kuleli phuzu futhi ukuze ithwebule indawo evuzayo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, abafana basePergamoni base bevele benza izindiza eziningi phezu kwezindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu eqinile, futhi baqaphela ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukundiza ngokusemthethweni. Umphumela kube yinqubo elandelayo:
- Izindiza ezinjalo ze-drone ngokuvamile zigunyazwa kusasele amasonto amabili ngemva kokuhambisana nemithetho esemthethweni: ukuthola imvume kumnikazi wendawo, okugunyazwe iziphathimandla zezindiza kanye nokuphathwa kwendawo yohlelo lwendiza. Isicelo sokumisa uhlelo lwendiza yendawo sithunyelwa esikhungweni sezone (ZC) ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi, uhlelo lwendiza luthunyelwa ngosuku olwandulela ukuqala komsebenzi. Ngosuku umsebenzi oqala ngalo, kufanele ushayele isikhungo sokulawula kusasele amahora amabili, ngaphambi kokusuka, kufanele ushayele zonke iziphathimandla ezinomthwalo wemfanelo. Iziphathimandla ezinomthwalo wemfanelo zinqunywa ngokwebalazwe elijwayelekile elithi "Airspace of the Russian Federation" (RF VP). Kubonakala sengathi izinguquko zizophuma maduze, futhi kuzokwazi ukundiza ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika kumamitha angu-150 ngaphakathi komugqa obonakalayo.
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi indiza iqala ngokulinganisa isiqondiso nesivinini somoya, nomfutho womkhathi. Uma isivinini somoya singaphezu kwamamitha amane ngomzuzwana, khona-ke awandizi, ngoba umphumela awulindelekile: ukuvuza kungatholwa endaweni engafanele (kuzoyiqhumisa ngokomzimba ngakolunye uhlangothi).
- Umsebenzisi we-drone esizeni unciphisa inani lokujika futhi ubala isikhathi sendiza cishe imizuzu engama-25. Ngokuvamile, kungenzeka ukunciphisa isikhathi sendiza ngo-5 kuya ku-20%, kuye ngezimo zezulu.
- Kungcono ukuqalisa izindiza ngasohlangothini lwe-leeward ukuze ukuskena kwenzeke ngokuphansi.
- Ukuphakama kwendiza ye-drone kwanele ukucinga ukuvuza - amamitha angu-15.
- Uma unemvume yokuthwebula izithombe zasemoyeni, ungakwazi ukuthwebula isayithi yokukhipha ngesithombe esishisayo kanye nebanga elibonakalayo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi we-linemen - impumelelo! Kodwa kwakukhona ukuhlehla okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni komtshina osetshenziswa yiPergamoni ezindizeni: ukungabi khona kwesiteshi sokuxhumana phakathi komtshina kanye no-opharetha ngesikhathi sendiza. Ulwazi mayelana nokuvuza lungatholakala kuphela ngemuva kokuthi i-drone ihlezi.
I-Pergamoni + KROK + SPH
Ngesikhathi sihlangana nePergam, i-CROC yayisanda kuthola ikhompuyutha esebhodini ye-DJI Matrice 600 drone, eyayingase futhi isakaze i-telemetry nge-DJI LightBridge 2. UPergam ngokushesha waba nesithakazelo kumkhiqizo futhi wanikela ngokwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-downlink yomkhiqizo wabo. - umtshina we-methane oqhelile we-LMC we-drone.
Umphumela waba ukuthuthukiswa okuhlangene kwe-CROC (Russia), Pergam-Engineering (Russia) kanye ne-SPH Engineering (Latvia, umkhiqizi wesofthiwe ye-UGCS) - i-LMC G2 DL (Laser Methane Copter Generation 2 ne-Downlink) inkimbinkimbi. Lesi isizukulwane sesibili sehadiwe kanye nohlelo lwesoftware lokuthola ukuvuza kwe-methane (CH4).
Isixazululo sihlanganisa indiza eyi-drone ye-DJI Matrice 600 enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-11, efakwe umtshina we-laser methane oqhelile kanye nekhompyutha esebhodini. Isofthiwe entsha ikuvumela ukuthi ubhalise ngokunembile indlela yendiza endaweni ephakeme enikeziwe nangesivinini esidingekayo, uphendule ngokushesha uma kutholakala ukuvuza kwe-methane, ukubeka indawo ngokunembile futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi.
Manje inqubo imi kanje:
1. Ukuze ungaphuthelwa ngisho nesiqephu esincane senkundla yokuqeqesha, uhlelo lwendiza luyakhiwa kusofthiwe ye-UgCS. Kuthatha imizuzu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakwenza ehhovisi elifudumele futhi ungafaki izandla zakho.
Uhlelo lwendiza ye-Drone kusofthiwe ye-UgCS.
2. Okulandelayo, u-opharetha ulungisa i-drone endaweni ezosuka kuyo endaweni yokuqeqesha. Futhi ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula lwe-UgCS yethula indiza.
Ukugxila kujwayelekile.
Ukuvuza kutholiwe.
3. Okulandelayo, sibonga ikhompuyutha yethu esebhodini, ukufundwa komtshina we-methane kuthunyelwa ku-inthanethi kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa uxhumano nomhlabathi, ikhompyutha esebhodini irekhoda konke ukufundwa okuvela kudivayisi ekhadini le-SD.
4. Konke ukweqisa kwamazinga okugxilisa i-methane kungaphawulwa ngokushesha ebalazweni. Awusachithi isikhathi ekucubunguleni ukuze uthole lapho kuvuza khona.
5. Inzuzo!
Impendulo esuka ku CROCologist:
Awukho umthetho othi indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu kufanele irekhode ngokusemthethweni noma yikuphi ukuvuza, kodwa i-methane iyisisi esibamba ukushisa, kanti amagesi abamba ukushisa sekuyiminyaka engama-20 evinjelwe ezweni lakithi. Kukhona i-Kyoto Protocol, futhi ngaphakathi kohlaka lwephrojekthi Yomoya Ohlanzekile, okuyingxenye yephrojekthi kazwelonke ye-Ecology, cishe kuzoba nomthetho wezabelo. Futhi lezi zilinganiso zizoqala ukudayiswa. Futhi yonke inkampani idinga ukuqonda ukuthi ingabe inalo yini ikhono lokunciphisa noma lokulawula ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Isiphathimandla sokuqondisa yiRosprirodnadzor. Indawo yokulahla imfucumfucu ngokwayo iyisakhiwo sobunjiniyela, okungukuthi, kufanele idlule ku-Glavgosexpertiza. Kukhona ukukhiqizwa nokulawulwa kwemvelo. Imvamisa yalokhu kulawula isethwe kuye ngengozi kanye nendawo yokulahla imfucumfucu ethile. Ake sithi njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu i-laboratory ifika futhi ikale okuthile - ngokuvamile amanzi, inhlabathi, umoya. Izindawo zokulahla imfucumfucu ezinhle zihlela amapayipi azo egesi yokulahla futhi basebenzise le gesi ngokwezidingo zabo. Ngokuvamile kunamaphesenti angu-40 e-methane. Uma iqhuma, kuzobhujiswa ukuxhumana, mhlawumbe ukulimala kwabantu, ukukhululwa okunamandla ... Futhi-ke icala lobugebengu lizovulelwa umnikazi. Futhi akekho onentshisekelo kulokhu. I-drone e-Krasnoyarsk, isibonelo, ilungile ngokwezomnotho. Abantu ababili kanye nonogada ophethe isibhamu (kakhulu - kukhona amabhere lapho), imoto ehamba yonke indawo ephuka njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-20-40, indawo yokuhlala, isibonelelo sansuku zonke esisenyakatho.
Ama-drones angasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi. Shisa imfuhlumfuhlu ku-trolley, unisele insimu, ujikijele isihlenga endodeni egwilizayo, undize emlilweni uthole bonke abantu, ulandelele abazingeli ngokungemthetho noma ubheke amasimu e-hemp, bhala uhlu lwempahla endaweni yokugcina impahla - uyisho. Futhi ngokuvamile, yonke into evumela umcabango wakho. Sinentshisekelo ezinkingeni ezintsha, futhi singakwazi futhi sifuna ukuzama ukuxazulula inkinga yakho. Nokho, uma unomsebenzi wokuthola ukuvuza, ngizoqala iphrojekthi yokuhlola ethakazelisa kakhulu. Imeyili - [i-imeyili ivikelwe].
izithenjwa
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- Imeyili yami - [i-imeyili ivikelwe].
Source: www.habr.com