Ungahlola kanjani ukusebenza kwesitoreji ku-Linux: ukulinganisa usebenzisa amathuluzi avulekile

В isikhathi sokugcina sikhulume ngamathuluzi omthombo ovulekile wokuhlola iphrosesa nokusebenza kwenkumbulo. Namuhla sikhuluma ngamabhentshimakhi wezinhlelo zamafayela nezinhlelo zokugcina ku-Linux - Interbench, Fio, Hdparm, S kanye noBonnie.

--Ото - Daniele Levis Pelusi - Unsplash

Ucingo

I-Fio (imele i-Flexible I/O Tester) idala imifudlana ye-disk I/O ukuze ihlole ukusebenza kwesistimu yefayela le-Linux. Uhlelo lokusebenza lungasebenza futhi ku-Windows - udinga ukufaka isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa womyalo Cygwin. Umhlahlandlela wokusetha ungaphakathi fio ku-GitHub.

Umbhali ufio - Jens Axbo (UJens Axboe), onesibopho yesistimu engaphansi ye-IO ku-Linux kanye nonjiniyela wezinsiza blktrace ukulandelela ukusebenza kwe-I/O. Wadala i-fio, ngoba ngikhathele bhala izinhlelo zokuhlola imithwalo ethile ngesandla.

Insiza izobala i-IOPS nokuphuma kwesistimu, futhi ikuvumele ukuthi ulinganise ukujula komugqa wemisebenzi ye-I/O. Uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenza ngamafayela akhethekile (.fio extension) lapho kucaciswe khona izilungiselelo nezimo zokuhlola. Kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokuhlola, isibonelo, kukhona ukubhala okungahleliwe, ukufunda nokubhala ngaphezulu. Lapha isibonelo okuqukethwe kwefayela esimweni sokuqala:

[global]
	name=fio-rand-read
	filename=fio-rand-read
	rw=randread
	bs=4K
	direct=0
	numjobs=1
	time_based=1
	runtime=900

Namuhla i-fio isetshenziswa izinkampani ezinkulu - zisebenza nensizakalo ku SUSE, I-Nutanix и IBM.

I-Hdparm

Insiza yabhalwa ngunjiniyela waseCanada uMark Lord emuva ngo-2005. Usamile kusekelwa umbhali futhi iyingxenye yokusabalalisa okuningi okudumile. Inhloso eyinhloko ye-hdparm ukulungisa imingcele yedrayivu. Kodwa ithuluzi can sebenzisa amabhentshimakhi alula, njengesivinini sokufunda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bhala umyalo kukhonsoli:

$ sudo hdparm -t /dev/sdb

Isistimu izokhiqiza impendulo efana nalena:

Timing buffered disk reads: 242 MB in 3.01 seconds = 80.30 MB/sec

Ngokuqondene nokumisa amadrayivu, i-hdparm ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe usayizi wememori yenqolobane, uguqule imodi yokulala nezilungiselelo zamandla, futhi usule ngokuphepha idatha ku-SSD. Kodwa kanjani xwayisa Ochwepheshe abavela ku-ArchLinux, izinguquko ezinganaki kumapharamitha wesistimu zingenza idatha ekudiski ingafinyeleleki futhi kulimaze idrayivu. Ngaphambi kokusebenza nge-hdparm, kungcono ukufunda ibhukwana - vele ufake umyalo we-hdparm ku-console.

S

Leli isethi yamabhentshimakhi okuhlola ukusebenza kwamasistimu e-I/O. Ababhali bosizo babe ithimba lokuthuthukisa eqenjini le-AlgoDev, elihlanganisa nabasebenzi base-Italy Inyuvesi yaseModena kanye neReggio Emilia.

Wonke amabhentshimakhi ayimibhalo ye-bash, abahloli ukusebenza kwesistimu yesitoreji - ukuphuma, ukubambezeleka, ukusebenza komhleli. Isibonelo, ibhentshimakhi ye-throughput-sync.sh "ibhomu" isistimu yokugcina ngezicelo zokufunda noma zokubhala (kulokhu, insiza ye-fio eshiwo kakade isetshenziswa). Lapha ikhodi yalesi script.

Esinye isikripthi - comm_startup_lat.sh - sikala ukubambezeleka kokufundwa kwedatha kudiski lapho inqolobane "ibanda" (uma ingenayo idatha edingekayo). Ikhodi futhi ingatholakala endaweni yokugcina.

--Ото - Aye Barros - Unsplash

Bonnie

Insiza yokuhlola ukusebenza kwesistimu yefayela, eyasungulwa ngo-1989. Umbhali wayo kwakungunjiniyela uTim Bray. Ngosizo lukaBonnie wahlela nokwandisa ukusebenza kwamasistimu ekhompyutha abandakanyekayo kuphrojekthi Isichazamazwi esisha se-Oxford English eNyuvesi yaseWaterloo.

Bonnie kuyafeza ukufunda nokubhala okungahleliwe kwedatha kudiski. Ngemva kwalokho insiza ikhombisa amapharamitha afana nenani lamabhayithi acutshungulwe ngokwe CPU-yesibili, kanye nezinga lomthwalo weprosesa njengephesenti. Ikhodi yomthombo webhentshimakhi iyatholakala thola ku-Google Code.

Ngokusekelwe kuBonnie, elinye isethi yamathuluzi okuhlola ama-hard drive akhiwe - Bonnie++ (ibhalwe ngo-C++ esikhundleni sika-C). Ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi ebhentshimakhi engeziwe. Isibonelo, i-zcav ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezindawo ezihlukene ze-HDD. Futhi uBonnie++ подходит ukuhlola amaseva emeyili namaseva esizindalwazi.

I-Interbench

Kuthuthukiswe insiza Con Kolivas (Con Kolivas), udokotela obulala izinzwa wase-Australia owaziwa ngamagalelo akhe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Linux kernel futhi asebenze "fair processor schedule" I-Interbench ikusiza ukuthi ulungiselele isihleli se-I/O nezilungiselelo zesistimu yefayela.

I-Interbench ilingisa ukuziphatha kwesihleli se-CPU lapho senza imisebenzi esebenzisanayo. Le misebenzi yokusebenzisana ingaba ukusebenza ngomsindo nevidiyo, ukusebenzisa imidlalo yekhompiyutha, noma ukuvele uhudule ibhokisi lengxoxo kusistimu yokusebenza.

Ikhodi yomthombo, izibonelo nezincomo zokumisa ithuluzi zingatholakala ku inqolobane esemthethweni ku-GitHub.

Esibhala ngakho kumabhulogi ethu:

Amabhentshimakhi amaseva e-Linux: 5 amathuluzi avulekile

Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yefayela: ungenza kanjani umshwalense ekulahlekeni kwedatha
Ungayidlulisela kanjani i-hard drive yesistimu emshinini we-virtual?
Ukuqeqeshwa kumela abaphathi: ukuthi ifu lingasiza kanjani

Ukuhlolwa kwamagajethi emngceleni: yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa idatha eyimfihlo?
Izifinyezo: kungani "izifinyezo" zidingeka?

Source: www.habr.com