Lesi yisiqalo sesifundo esikhulu mayelana nomsebenzi wamaseva eposi. Umgomo wami awukona ukufundisa umuntu ngokushesha indlela yokusebenza ngamaseva eposi. Kuzoba nolwazi oluningi olwengeziwe lapha mayelana nemibuzo esizohlangana nayo endleleni, ngoba ngizama ukwenza isifundo ikakhulukazi kulabo abathatha izinyathelo zabo zokuqala.
IsibikezeloKwenzeka lokhu nje ngisebenza isikhathi esithile njengothisha wokuphatha weLinux. Futhi njengomsebenzi wesikole, nginikeza abafundi izixhumanisi eziyishumi nambili ezinsizeni ezihlukahlukene, ngoba kwezinye izindawo azikho izinto ezanele, kwezinye ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Futhi ngezinsiza ezahlukene, impahla ivame ukuphindaphindwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iqala ukuhlukana. Futhi, okuqukethwe okuningi kungesiNgisi, futhi kukhona abanye abafundi abanobunzima bokuqonda. Kunezifundo ezinhle kakhulu ezivela ku-Semaev no-Lebedev, futhi mhlawumbe ezivela kwabanye, kodwa, ngokubona kwami, ezinye izihloko azihlanganiswa ngokwanele, ezinye azixhunyiwe ngokwanele nabanye.
Ngakho-ke, ngolunye usuku nganquma ukuthi ngandlela-thile ngithathe amanothi endabeni futhi ngiyinikeze abafundi ngendlela elula. Kodwa njengoba ngenza okuthile, kungani ngingakuhlanganisi nawo wonke umuntu? Ekuqaleni ngazama ukuwenza ngombhalo futhi ngiwuhlambulule ngezixhumanisi, kodwa kunezigidi zezinsiza ezinjalo, liyini iphuzu? Endaweni ethile kwakungekho ukucaca nezincazelo, endaweni ethile abafundi bavilapha kakhulu ukufunda umbhalo wonke (hhayi bona kuphela) futhi kukhona izikhala olwazini lwabo.
Kodwa hhayi kuphela mayelana nabafundi. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wami ngisebenze kubadidiyeli be-IT, futhi lokhu kuyisipiliyoni esikhulu ekusebenzeni ngamasistimu ahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaba unjiniyela ovamile. Ngivame ukuhlangana nochwepheshe be-IT ezinkampanini ezihlukahlukene futhi ngokuvamile ngiqaphela izikhala olwazini lwabo. Emkhakheni we-IT, abaningi bayazifundisa, kuhlanganise nami. Futhi nginenele lalezi zikhala, futhi ngingathanda ukusiza abanye kanye nami ukulahla lezi zikhala.
Kepha mina, amavidiyo amafushane anolwazi athakazelisa kakhulu futhi kulula ukuwagaya, ngakho nginqume ukuzama le fomethi. Futhi ngazi kahle ukuthi ulimi lwami alumisiwe, kunzima ukungilalela, kodwa ngizama ukuba ngcono. Lena into entsha engiyithandayo engifuna ukuyithuthukisa. Ngangivame ukuba nombhobho omubi kakhulu, manje ngixazulula izinkinga zomsindo nenkulumo. Ngifuna ukwenza okuqukethwe okuyikhwalithi futhi ngidinga ngempela ukugxekwa okuqondile nezeluleko.
PS Abanye babe nomuzwa wokuthi ifomethi yevidiyo ayifaneleki ngokuphelele nokuthi kungaba ngcono ukuyenza ngombhalo. Angivumi ngokuphelele, kodwa makube khona ukukhetha - kokubili ividiyo nombhalo.
Isiqophi
Okulandelayo>
Ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza nge-imeyili, udinga iklayenti le-imeyili. Lokhu kungaba iklayenti lewebhu, isibonelo i-gmail, owa, i-roundcube, noma uhlelo lokusebenza kukhompyutha - i-outlook, i-thunderbird, njll. Ake sicabange ukuthi usubhalisile nesevisi ye-imeyili futhi udinga ukumisa iklayenti le-imeyili. Uvula uhlelo bese likucela idatha: igama le-akhawunti, ikheli lakho le-imeyili kanye nephasiwedi.
Ngemva kokufaka lolu lwazi, iklayenti lakho le-imeyili lizozama ukuthola ulwazi mayelana neseva yakho ye-imeyli. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwenza lula ukusetha ukuxhumana neseva, njengoba abasebenzisi abaningi bengawazi amakheli nezinqubo zokuxhuma. Ukwenza lokhu, amaklayenti e-imeyili asebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokusesha ulwazi mayelana neseva nezilungiselelo zokuxhuma. Lezi zindlela zingahluka kuye ngeklayenti lakho le-imeyili.
Isibonelo, i-Outlook isebenzisa indlela “yokuthola ngokuzenzakalelayo”, iklayenti lithinta iseva ye-DNS futhi licele irekhodi elithile lokuzitholela ngokuzenzakalelayo elihlotshaniswa nesizinda semeyili osicacisile kuzilungiselelo zeklayenti lakho lemeyili. Uma umlawuli elungise lokhu okufakile kuseva ye-DNS, kukhomba kuseva yewebhu.
Ngemva kokuba iklayenti lemeyili selifunde ikheli leseva yewebhu, liyaxhumana nalo futhi lithole lapho ifayela elilungiselelwe kusengaphambili elinezilungiselelo zokuxhuma kwiseva yemeyili ngefomethi ye-XML.
Endabeni ye-Thunderbird, iklayenti lemeyili lidlula usesho lwerekhodi le-DNS le-autodiscover bese lizama ngokushesha ukuxhuma kuseva yewebhu ye-autoconfig. kanye negama lesizinda esishiwo. Futhi izama nokuthola ifayela elinezilungiselelo zokuxhuma ngefomethi ye-XML kuseva yewebhu.
Uma iklayenti lemeyili lingalitholi ifayela elinezilungiselelo ezidingekayo, lizozama ukuqagela izilungiselelo phakathi kwalezo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma isizinda sibizwa nge-example.com, iseva yemeyili izohlola ukuthi akhona yini amaseva aqanjwe ngokuthi imap.example.com kanye ne-smtp.example.com. Uma iyithola, izoyibhalisa kuzilungiselelo. Uma iklayenti lemeyili lingakwazi ukunquma ikheli leseva yemeyili nganoma iyiphi indlela, izotshela umsebenzisi ukuthi azifakele yena idatha yokuxhuma.
Khona-ke uzoqaphela izinkambu ezi-2 zamaseva - ikheli leseva yemeyili engenayo kanye nekheli leseva yemeyili ephumayo. Njengomthetho, ezinhlanganweni ezincane lawa makheli afanayo, ngisho noma echazwe ngamagama ahlukene e-DNS, kodwa ezinkampanini ezinkulu lezi zingase zibe amaseva ahlukene. Kodwa akunandaba ukuthi lezi ziyiseva efanayo noma cha - izinsizakalo ezingemuva kwazo zihlukile. Enye yezinqwaba ezidume kakhulu zezinsizakalo zemeyili iPostfix & Dovecot. Lapho i-Postfix isebenza njengeseva yemeyili ephumayo (i-MTA - i-ejenti yokudlulisa imeyili), kanye ne-Dovecot njengeseva yemeyili engenayo (i-MDA - i-ejenti yokulethwa kwemeyili). Kusukela egameni ungaqagela ukuthi i-Postfix isetshenziselwa ukuthumela i-imeyili, futhi i-Dovecot isetshenziselwa ukwamukela i-imeyili yiklayenti lemeyili. Iziphakeli zemeyili ngokwazo zixhumana zodwa zisebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-SMTP - i.e. I-Dovecot (MDA) iyadingeka kubasebenzisi.
Ake sithi silungise uxhumano kwiseva yethu yemeyili. Ake sizame ukuthumela umlayezo. Emlayezweni sibonisa ikheli lethu kanye nekheli lomamukeli. Manje, ukuze ulethe umlayezo, iklayenti lakho le-imeyili lizothumela imilayezo kuseva yakho yemeyili ephumayo.
Uma iseva yakho ithola umlayezo, izozama ukuthola ukuthi izothumela kubani umyalezo. Iseva yakho ayikwazi ukwazi amakheli azo zonke iziphakeli zemeyili ngekhanda, ngakho ibheka ku-DNS ukuze ithole irekhodi elikhethekile le-MX - elikhomba kuseva yemeyili yesizinda esithile. Lokhu okufakiwe kungase kuhluke ezizindeni ezingaphansi ezihlukene.
Ngemuva kokuthi ithole ikheli leseva yomamukeli, ithumela umlayezo wakho nge-SMTP kuleli kheli, lapho iseva yemeyili yomamukeli (MTA) izokwamukela umlayezo futhi iwubeke ohlwini lwemibhalo olukhethekile, olubuye lubhekwe yisevisi yokwamukela imilayezo eya kumakhasimende (MDA).
Ngokuzayo lapho iklayenti lemeyili lomamukeli licela imilayezo emisha kwiseva yemeyili engenayo, i-MDA izothumela umlayezo wakho kubo.
Kodwa njengoba amaseva e-imeyili esebenza ku-inthanethi futhi noma ubani angakwazi ukuxhuma kuwo futhi athumele imilayezo, futhi amaseva e-mail asetshenziswa kabanzi izinkampani ezihlukahlukene ukushintshanisa idatha ebalulekile, lokhu kuyisiqephu esihlwabusayo sabahlaseli, ikakhulukazi abathumela ogaxekile. Ngakho-ke, amaseva e-imeyili esimanje anezinyathelo eziningi ezengeziwe zokuqinisekisa umthumeli, ukuhlola ugaxekile, njll. Futhi ngizozama ukuhlanganisa eziningi zalezi zihloko ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo.
Source: www.habr.com