Sethule izinsiza ezintsha, ithrafikhi yanda, sashintsha amaseva, saxhuma amasayithi amasha nezikhungo zedatha ezilungiswe kabusha - futhi manje sizoyixoxa le ndaba, isiqalo sayo esakwethula kukho eminyakeni emihlanu edlule..
Iminyaka emihlanu isikhathi esijwayelekile sokufingqa imiphumela yesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, sinqume ukukhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yethu, okuyinto eminyakeni emihlanu edlule eye yadlula indlela yentuthuko emangalisayo, esiziqhenya ngayo. Izinguquko zobuningi esizenzile seziphenduke zaba ezisezingeni eliphezulu; manje ingqalasizinda isingakwazi ukusebenza ngezindlela ebezibonakala zizinhle kakhulu maphakathi neshumi leminyaka eledlule.
Siqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu anezidingo eziqinile zokuthembeka nemithwalo, okuhlanganisa i-PREMIER kanye ne-Match TV. Ukusakazwa kwezemidlalo kanye nokubuka kuqala kochungechunge lwe-TV oludumile kudinga ukugcwala kwe-terabits/s, sikusebenzisa kalula lokhu, futhi kaningi kangangokuthi ukusebenza ngesivinini esinjalo sekuyisikhathi eside kuyinto evamile kithi. Futhi eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, iphrojekthi enzima kunazo zonke esebenza ezinhlelweni zethu kwakuyi-Rutube, esungulwe kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yanda imiqulu kanye nethrafikhi, okwakufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kuhlelwa imithwalo.
Sikhulume ngokuthi sithuthukise kanjani i-hardware yengqalasizinda yethu () futhi yakhe uhlelo olunesibopho sokulayisha amavidiyo (), kodwa sekudlule isikhathi esiningi kusukela le mibhalo yabhalwa, ezinye izixazululo eziningi zenziwe futhi zaqaliswa, imiphumela esivumela ukuba sihlangabezane nezidingo zesimanje futhi siguquguquke ngokwanele ukuze sivumelane nemisebenzi emisha.
Ingqikithi yenethiwekhi Sikhula njalo. Sashintshela kumishini yeCisco ngo-2015, esishilo esihlokweni esandulele. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuseyi-10/40G efanayo, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa bathuthukisa i-chassis ekhona, futhi manje sisebenzisa ngenkuthalo i-25/100G.
Izixhumanisi ze-100G sekuyisikhathi eside zingeyona into yokunethezeka ( kunalokho, lokhu kuyisidingo esiphuthumayo sesikhathi esigabeni sethu), noma into eyivelakancane (ama-opharetha ayandayo ahlinzeka ngoxhumano ngesivinini esinjalo). Kodwa-ke, i-10/40G isalokhu ibalulekile: ngalezi zixhumanisi siqhubeka nokuxhuma opharetha ngenani elincane lethrafikhi, okuyinto okwamanje engalungile ukusebenzisa i-port enekhono kakhulu.
Umongo wenethiwekhi esiwudalile ufanele ukucatshangelwa ngokwehlukana futhi uzoba isihloko sendatshana ehlukile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho sizocubungula imininingwane yobuchwepheshe futhi sicabangele ukucabanga kwezenzo zethu lapho sikudala. Kodwa manje sizoqhubeka nokudweba ingqalasizinda ngohlelo, njengoba ukunaka kwenu, bafundi abathandekayo, akunamkhawulo.
Amaseva okukhipha ividiyo ziguquke ngokushesha, lapho sinikeza umzamo omkhulu. Uma ngaphambili sisebenzisa amaseva we-2U ikakhulukazi amakhadi wenethiwekhi we-4-5 anamachweba amabili we-10G ngalinye, manje iningi lethrafikhi lithunyelwa kusuka kumaseva we-1U, anamakhadi we-2-3 anamachweba amabili we-25G ngalinye. Amakhadi ane-10G ne-25G acishe alingane ngezindleko, futhi izixazululo ezisheshayo zikuvumela ukuthi udlulise kukho kokubili i-10G ne-25G. Umphumela waba ukonga okusobala: izingxenye ezimbalwa zeseva nezintambo zokuxhuma - izindleko eziphansi (nokuthembeka okuphezulu), izingxenye zithatha indawo encane ku-rack - kwaba nokwenzeka ukubeka amaseva amaningi endaweni ngayinye futhi, ngakho-ke, izindleko zokuqasha eziphansi.
Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuzuza ngesivinini! Manje singathumela ngaphezu kwe-1G nge-100U! Futhi lokhu kuphambene nesizinda sesimo lapho amanye amaphrojekthi amakhulu aseRussia abiza ukukhishwa kwe-40G kusuka ku-2U "impumelelo." Singathanda izinkinga zabo!
Qaphela ukuthi sisasebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhadi enethiwekhi angasebenza kuphela ku-10G. Lo mshini usebenza ngokuzinzile futhi ujwayeleke kakhulu kithi, ngakho-ke asizange usilahle, kodwa sathola ukusetshenziswa okusha kwawo. Sifake lezi zingxenye kumaseva wesitoreji sevidiyo, lapho i-interface ye-1G eyodwa noma ezimbili akwanele ngokusobala ukuthi akwanele ukusebenza ngempumelelo; lapha amakhadi we-10G avele afaneleka.
Izinhlelo zokugcina nazo ziyakhula. Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, ashintshile esuka kudiski ayishumi nambili (12x HDD 2U) aya kudiski angamashumi amathathu nesithupha (36x HDD 4U). Abanye bayesaba ukusebenzisa "izidumbu" ezinjalo ezinamandla, ngoba uma i-chassis eyodwa enjalo ihluleka, kungase kube nosongo ekukhiqizeni - noma ngisho nokusebenza! β kulo lonke uhlelo. Kodwa lokhu ngeke kwenzeke ngathi: sinikeze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ezingeni lamakhophi edatha asatshalaliswe yi-geo. Sisabalalise i-chassis ezikhungweni zedatha ezihlukene - sisebenzisa ezintathu sezizonke - futhi lokhu kuqeda ukuvela kwezinkinga kokubili uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ku-chassis nalapho isayithi liwa.
Vele, le ndlela yenza i-Hardware RAID ingasebenzi, esiyishiyile. Ngokuqeda ukuphindaphinda, ngesikhathi esifanayo sandise ukwethembeka kwesistimu ngokwenza lula isixazululo futhi sisuse elinye lamaphuzu anamandla okuhluleka. Masikukhumbuze ukuthi amasistimu ethu okugcina "enziwe ekhaya". Lokhu sikwenze ngamabomu futhi saneliseke ngokuphelele ngomphumela.
Izikhungo zedatha Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule sishintshe izikhathi eziningana. Kusukela kwabhalwa i-athikili yangaphambilini, asizange siguqule isikhungo sedatha esisodwa kuphela - I-DataLine - okunye okusele okudingeka kufakwe esikhundleni njengoba ingqalasizinda yethu ithuthukiswa. Konke ukudluliselwa phakathi kwezindawo kwakuhleliwe.
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, sathuthela ngaphakathi kwe-MMTS-9, sathuthela endaweni elungiswe izinga eliphezulu, isistimu yokupholisa kahle, amandla kagesi azinzile futhi engenalo uthuli, ngaphambili eyayibekwe izendlalelo eziwugqinsi kuzo zonke izindawo futhi ivale nengaphakathi lemishini yethu. . Khetha izinsizakalo zekhwalithi - futhi akukho uthuli! - kwaba yisizathu sokuhamba kwethu.
Cishe njalo βumnyakazo owodwa ulingana nemililo emibili,β kodwa izinkinga ngesikhathi sokufuduka zihlukile isikhathi ngasinye. Kulokhu, ubunzima obuyinhloko bokuhamba phakathi kwesikhungo esisodwa sedatha βbuhlinzekweβ ukuxhuma okuphambanayo kwe-optical - ukuchichima kwawo phakathi kwaphansi ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa kube ukuxhuma okukodwa okuphambanayo ngabasebenza ngocingo. Inqubo yokubuyekeza kanye nokuhlela kabusha ukuxhumana okuphambanayo (abasisize ngakho onjiniyela be-MMTS-9) mhlawumbe kwakuyisigaba esinzima kakhulu sokufuduka.
Ukuthutha kwesibili kwenzeka ngonyaka odlule; ngo-2019, sasuka esikhungweni sedatha esingesihle kakhulu saya ku-O2xygen. Izizathu zokuthutha zazifana nalezo okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla, kodwa zengezelelwa yinkinga yokungakhangi kwesikhungo sedatha sangempela sabasebenzisi be-telecom - abahlinzeki abaningi kwadingeka "babambe" kuze kube manje bebodwa.
Ukufuduka kwama-racks ayi-13 endaweni yekhwalithi ephezulu ku-MMTS-9 kwenze ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthi le ndawo ingathuthuki njengendawo yomsebenzisi (ama-rack ambalwa kanye "nama-opharetha" ama-opharetha), kodwa futhi ukuyisebenzisa njengomunye wabasebenzisi. abakhulu. Lokhu kwenze kwaba lula ukufuduka kusuka esikhungweni sedatha esingesihle kakhulu - sithuthe izinto eziningi zokusebenza sisuka kuso saya kwenye isayithi, futhi i-O2xygen yanikezwa indima yokuthuthukisa, ukuthumela ama-rack angu-5 nemishini lapho.
Namuhla i-O2xygen isivele iyisiteji esigcwele, lapho opharetha esibadingayo "bafikile" futhi abasha baqhubeka nokuxhuma. Kubasebenzisi, i-O2 oxygen iphinde yakhanga ngokombono wokuthuthukiswa kwamasu.
Sihlala senza isigaba esiyinhloko sokuhamba ngobusuku obubodwa, futhi lapho sifuduka ngaphakathi kwe-MMTS-9 kanye ne-O2xygen, sasinamathela kulo mthetho. Sigcizelela ukuthi silandela ngokuqinile umthetho "wokuhamba ngobusuku", kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani lama-rack! Kuke kwaba nesandulela lapho sihambisa ama-rack angu-20 futhi saqeda lokhu ngobusuku obubodwa. Ukufuduka kuyinqubo elula edinga ukunemba nokungaguquguquki, kodwa akhona amaqhinga lapha, kokubili kunqubo yokulungiselela, nalapho uhamba, nalapho kuthunyelwa endaweni entsha. Sikulungele ukukhuluma kabanzi mayelana nokufuduka uma unentshisekelo.
Imiphumela Siyazithanda izinhlelo zentuthuko zeminyaka emihlanu. Siqede ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda entsha ekwazi ukumelana namaphutha esatshalaliswe kuzo zonke izikhungo zedatha ezintathu. Sikhulise kakhulu ukuminyana kwethrafikhi - uma kamuva nje besijabule nge-40-80G nge-2U, manje okujwayelekile kithi yi-100G nge-1U. Manje ngisho ne-terabit yethrafikhi siyibona njengento evamile. Simi ngomumo ukuthi siqhubeke sithuthukise ingqalasizinda yethu, osekuvele ukuthi iyaguquguquka futhi iyakhula.
Umbuzo: Yini okufanele nginitshele ngayo emibhalweni elandelayo, bafundi abathandekayo? Mayelana nokuthi kungani siqale ukudala amasistimu okugcina idatha enziwe ekhaya? Mayelana nomongo wenethiwekhi nezici zawo? Mayelana namaqhinga nobuqili bokuthuthela phakathi kwezikhungo zedatha? Mayelana nokuthuthukisa izinqumo zokulethwa ngokukhetha izingxenye kanye nemingcele yokulungisa kahle? Mayelana nokudala izixazululo ezisimeme ngenxa yokuncishiswa okuningi kanye nekhono lokukala elivundlile ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sedatha, ezisetshenziswa ngesakhiwo sezikhungo ezintathu zedatha?
Umbhali: Petr Vinogradov - Umqondisi Wezobuchwepheshe we-Uma.Tech
Source: www.habr.com