Lesi sihloko singesesithupha ochungechungeni oluthi “Indlela Yokulawula Ingqalasizinda Yakho Yenethiwekhi.” Okuqukethwe kuzo zonke izihloko ochungechungeni nezixhumanisi zingatholakala .
Ngemva kokushiya izihloko ezimbalwa, nganquma ukuqala isahluko esisha.
Ngizobuyela kwezokuphepha ngemva kwesikhashana. Lapha ngifuna ukuxoxa ngendlela eyodwa elula kodwa ephumelelayo, engiqinisekile, ngendlela eyodwa noma enye, ingaba usizo kwabaningi. Lena indaba emfushane emayelana nokuthi i-automation ingashintsha kanjani impilo kanjiniyela. Sizokhuluma ngokusebenzisa izifanekiso. Ekugcineni kunohlu lwamaphrojekthi ami lapho ungabona khona ukuthi konke okuchazwe lapha kusebenza kanjani.
I-DevOps yenethiwekhi
Ukudala ukucushwa ngeskripthi, kusetshenziswa i-GIT ukulawula izinguquko kwingqalasizinda ye-IT, "ukulayisha" okukude - le mibono iza kuqala uma ucabanga ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bendlela ye-DevOps. Izinzuzo zisobala. Kodwa, ngeshwa, kukhona nokuntula.
Lapho eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-5 edlule, abathuthukisi bethu beza kithi, amanethiwekhi, nalezi ziphakamiso, asizange sijabule.
Mangisho ukuthi sizuze njengefa inethiwekhi ye-motley, ehlanganisa imishini evela kubathengisi abahlukene abangaba ngu-10. Bekulula ukulungisa ezinye izinto nge-cli yethu esiyintandokazi, kodwa kwezinye besincamela ukusebenzisa i-GUI. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza isikhathi eside kumishini "ebukhoma" kusifundise ukulawula isikhathi sangempela. Isibonelo, lapho ngenza izinguquko, ngizizwa ngikhululekile kakhulu ukusebenza ngokuqondile nge-cli. Ngale ndlela ngiyakwazi ukubona ngokushesha ukuthi kukhona okungahambanga kahle bese ngibuyisela emuva izinguquko. Konke lokhu kwakungqubuzana nemibono yabo.
Eminye imibuzo ibuye iphakame, isibonelo, isikhombimsebenzisi singashintsha kancane sisuka kunguqulo siye kunguqulo yesofthiwe. Lokhu ekugcineni kuzodala ukuthi iskripthi sakho sidale "config" okungalungile. Angithandi ukusebenzisa ukukhiqiza ukuze "ugijime phakathi".
Noma, ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi imiyalo yokumisa isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka iphutha?
Angifuni ukusho ukuthi zonke lezi zinkinga azixazululeki. Ukuthi nje “A” cishe kunengqondo ukuthi “B” futhi, futhi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezifanayo zokulawula ushintsho njengasekuthuthukisweni, kuzomele ube nezindawo ze-dev nesiteji ngaphezu kokukhiqiza. Khona-ke le ndlela ibonakala iphelele. Kodwa izobiza malini?
Kodwa kunesimo esisodwa lapho ukungalungi kahle kukhishwe, futhi izinzuzo kuphela ezisele. Ngikhuluma ngomsebenzi wokuklama.
Le phrojekthi
Kule minyaka emibili edlule ngibambe iqhaza kuphrojekthi yokwakha isikhungo sedatha somhlinzeki omkhulu. Ngibophezelekile ku-F5 no-Palo Alto kule phrojekthi. Ngokombono we-Cisco, lokhu "imishini yenkampani yangaphandle".
Kimina ngokwami, kunezigaba ezimbili ezihlukene kule phrojekthi.
Isigaba sokuqala
Ngonyaka wokuqala ngangimatasatasa, ngangisebenza ubusuku nemini. Angikwazanga ukuvusa ikhanda lami. Ingcindezi evela kubaphathi kanye nekhasimende yayinamandla futhi iqhubekayo. Ngenqubo engaguquki, angikwazanga nokuzama ukuthuthukisa inqubo. Bekungekona nje kuphela futhi hhayi kakhulu ukucushwa kwemishini njengokulungiswa kwemibhalo yokuklama.
Ukuhlola kokuqala sekuqalile, futhi ngingamangala ukuthi mangaki amaphutha amancane nokunganembile okwenziwe. Yiqiniso, konke kwasebenza, kodwa kwakukhona uhlamvu olulahlekile egameni, kwakukhona umugqa ongekho emthethweni ... Ukuhlolwa kwaqhubeka njalo, futhi ngangivele ngisemzabalazweni oqhubekayo, wansuku zonke ngamaphutha, ukuhlolwa kanye nemibhalo. .
Lokhu kwaqhubeka unyaka. Le phrojekthi, ngokuqonda kwami, yayingelula kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kancane kancane iklayenti laneliseka ngokwengeziwe, futhi lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqasha onjiniyela abengeziwe abakwazi ukuthatha ingxenye yesimiso ngokwabo.
Manje sase singaqalaza kancane.
Futhi lokhu kwaba ukuqala kwesigaba sesibili.
Isigaba sesibili
Nginqume ukwenza inqubo ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Engakuqonda ekuxhumaneni kwami nabathuthukisi ngaleso sikhathi (futhi kufanele sikhokhele, sineqembu eliqinile) ukuthi ifomethi yombhalo, nakuba ekuqaleni ibonakala njengento evela emhlabeni wesistimu yokusebenza ye-DOS, inenombolo. yezinto ezibalulekile .
Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ifomethi yombhalo izoba usizo uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele i-GIT nakho konke okuphuma kuyo. Futhi ngangifuna.
Hhayi-ke, kungabonakala sengathi ungamane ugcine ukucushwa noma uhlu lwemiyalo, kodwa ukwenza izinguquko akulula neze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomunye umsebenzi obalulekile ngesikhathi sokuklama. Kufanele ube nemibhalo echaza idizayini yakho iyonke (Idizayini Yezinga Eliphansi) kanye nokuqaliswa okuthile (Uhlelo Lokusebenza Kwenethiwekhi). Futhi kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwezifanekiso kubukeka njengenketho efanelekile kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa i-YAML ne-Jinja2, ifayela le-YAML elinemingcele yokumisa efana namakheli e-IP, izinombolo ze-BGP AS, ... liyifeza kahle indima ye-NIP, kuyilapho izifanekiso ze-Jinja2 zifaka phakathi i-syntax ehambisana nomklamo, okungukuthi, iwuhlelo. umfanekiso we-LLD.
Kuthathe izinsuku ezimbili ukufunda i-YAML ne-Jinja2. Izibonelo ezimbalwa ezinhle zanele ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Bese kuthathe cishe amasonto amabili ukudala zonke izifanekiso ezihambisana nomklamo wethu: isonto lika-Palo Alto kanye nelinye isonto le-F5. Konke lokhu kufakwe ku-githab yebhizinisi.
Manje inqubo yokushintsha ibukeke kanje:
- ushintshe ifayela le-YAML
- udale ifayela lokumisa usebenzisa isifanekiso (Jinja2)
- ilondolozwe endaweni yokugcina eyihlane
- ulayishe ukucushwa okudaliwe kumishini
- Ngibone iphutha
- ushintshe ifayela le-YAML noma isifanekiso se-Jinja2
- udale ifayela lokumisa usebenzisa isifanekiso (Jinja2)
- ...
Kuyacaca ukuthi ekuqaleni kwachithwa isikhathi esiningi ekuhleleni, kodwa ngemva kwesonto noma amabili lokhu kwaba yivelakancane.
Ukuhlolwa okuhle nethuba lokulungisa yonke into kwakuyisifiso seklayenti sokushintsha umhlangano wokuqamba amagama. Labo abasebenza ne-F5 bayaqonda ukuthi isimo sinjani. Kodwa kimi konke kwakulula. Ngashintsha amagama efayeleni le-YAML, ngasusa konke ukucushwa emishinini, ngenza elisha futhi ngalilayisha. Konke, okuhlanganisa nokulungiswa kweziphazamisi, kuthathe izinsuku ezi-4: izinsuku ezimbili kubuchwepheshe obunye. Ngemva kwalokho, ngase ngilungele isigaba esilandelayo, okungukuthi ukwakhiwa kwe-DEV ne-Staging data centers.
I-Dev ne-Staging
Isiteji siphindaphinda ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa. I-Dev iyikhophi ekhumulwe kakhulu eyakhiwe kakhulukazi kwihadiwe ebonakalayo. Isimo esikahle sendlela entsha. Uma ngihlukanisa isikhathi engisichithile kunqubo yonke, ngicabanga ukuthi umsebenzi awuthathi ngaphezu kwamaviki ama-2. Isikhathi esiyinhloko silinde ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi sifune izinkinga ndawonye. Ukuqaliswa kwenkampani yangaphandle kucishe kunganakwa abanye. Kwaba nesikhathi sokufunda okuthile nokubhala izindatshana ezimbalwa ngoHabré :)
Ake sifingqa
Ngakho-ke, yini enginayo emgqeni ophansi?
- Okufanele ngikwenze ukuze ngishintshe ukucushwa ukushintsha ifayela le-YAML elilula, elihleleke ngokusobala elinamapharamitha okucupha. Angilokothi ngiguqule iskripthi se-python futhi kuyaqabukela (kuphela uma kunephutha) ngishintsha ukushisa kwe-Jinja2
- Ngokombono wemibhalo, lesi yisimo esicishe sifane. Ushintsha amadokhumenti (amafayela e-YAML asebenza njenge-NIP) bese ulayisha lokhu kulungiselelwa ezintweni zokusebenza. Ngale ndlela imibhalo yakho ihlala isesikhathini
Konke lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi
- izinga lephutha lehlele cishe ku-0
- Amaphesenti angu-90 esimiso asisekho
- isivinini sokuqalisa senyuke kakhulu
PAY, F5Y, ACY
Ngathi izibonelo ezimbalwa zanele ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani.
Nansi inguqulo emfushane (futhi eshintshiwe ngempela) yalokho okudalwe phakathi nomsebenzi wami.
= ukusatshalaliswa Palo Al kusuka Yaml = Palo Alto from Yaml
= ukusatshalaliswa F5 kusukela Yaml = F5 kusukela Yaml (iyeza maduze)
= ukusatshalaliswa ACngisuka Yaml = F5 kusukela Yjr
Ngizongeza amagama ambalwa mayelana ne-ACY (akumele kudidaniswe ne-ACI).
Labo abaye basebenza ne-ACI bayazi ukuthi lesi simangaliso (futhi ngendlela enhle futhi) asizange sidalwe abanethiwekhi :). Khohlwa konke obukwazi mayelana nenethiwekhi - ngeke ibe wusizo kuwe!
Kuyihaba kancane, kodwa kucishe kudlulisele umuzwa ebengilokhu nginawo, iminyaka emi-3 edlule, ngisebenza ne-ACI.
Futhi kulokhu, i-ACY ayiyona nje ithuba lokwakha inqubo yokulawula ushintsho (okubaluleke kakhulu esimweni se-ACI, ngoba kufanele ibe yingxenye eyinhloko futhi ebaluleke kakhulu yesikhungo sakho sedatha), kodwa futhi ikunikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula sokudala ukumisa.
Onjiniyela abakule phrojekthi basebenzisa i-Excel ukuze balungiselele i-ACI esikhundleni se-YAML ngezinjongo ezifanayo ncamashi. Yebo, kunezinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Excel:
- i-NIP yakho kufayela elilodwa
- izimpawu ezinhle ezijabulisa iklayenti ukuzibuka
- ungasebenzisa amanye amathuluzi e-excel
Kodwa kukhona ukukhishwa okukodwa, futhi ngokubona kwami kudlula okuhle. Ukulawula izinguquko kanye nokuxhumanisa umsebenzi weqembu kuba nzima kakhulu.
I-ACY empeleni iwukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezifanayo engizisebenzise kumuntu wesithathu ukuze alungiselele i-ACI.
Source: www.habr.com