Lesi sihloko singesokuqala ochungechungeni lwezihloko ezithi “Ungalawula Kanjani Ingqalasizinda Yakho Yenethiwekhi.” Okuqukethwe kuzo zonke izihloko ochungechungeni nezixhumanisi zingatholakala .
Ngivuma ngokugcwele ukuthi kunenani elanele lezinkampani lapho ukungasebenzi kwenethiwekhi kwehora elilodwa noma usuku olulodwa kungabalulekile. Ngeshwa noma ngenhlanhla angizange ngibe nethuba lokusebenza ezindaweni ezinjalo. Kodwa, yiqiniso, amanethiwekhi ahlukile, izidingo zihlukile, izindlela zihlukile, kodwa nokho, ngendlela eyodwa noma enye, uhlu olungezansi ezimweni eziningi empeleni luyoba "okufanele ukwenze."
Ngakho, izimo zokuqala.
Usemsebenzini omusha, uthole ukukhushulwa esikhundleni, noma uthathe isinqumo sokubheka kabusha izibopho zakho. Inethiwekhi yenkampani iyindawo yakho yesibopho. Kuwe, lokhu kuyinselelo ngezindlela eziningi futhi kusha, okuthethelela ithoni yokweluleka yalesi sihloko :). Kodwa ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko singaba usizo kunoma yimuphi unjiniyela wenethiwekhi.
Inhloso yakho yokuqala yesu ukufunda ukumelana ne-entropy nokugcina izinga lesevisi enikeziwe.
Izinkinga eziningi ezichazwe ngezansi zingaxazululwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Angiphakamisi ngamabomu isihloko sokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe, ngoba... empeleni, ngokuvamile akubalulekile kangako ukuthi ukuxazulule kanjani lokhu noma leyo nkinga, kodwa okubalulekile ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani nokuthi uyayisebenzisa nhlobo. Isibonelo, isistimu yakho yokuqapha eyakhelwe kahle ayisebenzi kangako uma ungayibheki futhi ungaziphenduli izexwayiso.
Izinsiza
Okokuqala udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ziphi izingozi ezinkulu.
Futhi, kungase kwehluke. Ngiyavuma ukuthi endaweni ethile, isibonelo, lezi zizoba yizinkinga zokuphepha, futhi endaweni ethile, izinkinga ezihlobene nokuqhubeka kwenkonzo, futhi kwenye indawo, mhlawumbe, enye into. Kungani kungenjalo?
Ake sicabange, ukuze kucace, ukuthi lokhu kusewukuqhubeka kwenkonzo (lokhu kwakunjalo kuzo zonke izinkampani engangisebenza kuzo).
Khona-ke udinga ukuqala ngemishini. Nalu uhlu lwezihloko okufanele uzinake:
- ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini ngezinga lokubaluleke kakhulu
- isipele semishini ebalulekile
- ukwesekwa, amalayisensi
Udinga ukucabanga ngezimo ezingase zehluleke, ikakhulukazi ngemishini ephezulu ekuhlukaniseni kwakho okubucayi. Ngokuvamile, amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezimbili azinakwa, ngaphandle kwalokho isixazululo sakho nokusekelwa kungase kubize ngokungenangqondo, kodwa esimweni sezinto ezibucayi ngempela zenethiwekhi, ukwehluleka okungase kuthinte kakhulu ibhizinisi, kufanele ucabange ngakho.
Isibonelo:
Ake sithi sikhuluma ngokushintsha kwempande esikhungweni sedatha.
Njengoba sivumelene ngokuthi ukuqhubeka kwesevisi kuwumbandela obaluleke kakhulu, kunengqondo ukunikeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni “eshisayo” (i-redundancy) yalesi sisetshenziswa. Kodwa akugcini lapho. Kufanele futhi unqume ukuthi uma iswishi yokuqala iphuka isikhathi esingakanani, kuyamukeleka yini ukuthi uhlale neswishi eyodwa esele, ngoba kunengozi yokuthi nayo izophuka.
Okubalulekile! Akumele uzinqumele wena lolu daba. Kufanele uchaze ubungozi, izixazululo ezingaba khona kanye nezindleko kubaphathi noma kubaphathi benkampani. Kumele bathathe izinqumo.
Ngakho-ke, uma kunqunywa ukuthi, uma kubhekwa amathuba amancane okuhluleka okuphindwe kabili, ukusebenza amahora angu-4 ekushintsheni okukodwa, ngokomthetho, kuyamukeleka, khona-ke ungakwazi ukumane uthathe ukwesekwa okufanele (ngokusho ukuthi imishini izoshintshwa ngaphakathi kwe-4 amahora).
Kodwa kukhona ingozi yokuthi ngeke balethe. Ngeshwa, sake sazithola sikuleso simo. Esikhundleni samahora amane, imishini yahamba isonto lonke!!!
Ngakho-ke, lobu bungozi budinga ukudingidwa futhi, mhlawumbe, kuzoba okulungile kakhulu kuwe ukuthi uthenge enye iswishi (yesithathu) futhi uyigcine ephaketheni lezingxenye ezisele (ikhophi “ebandayo”) noma uyisebenzisele izinjongo zaselabhorethri.
Okubalulekile! Yenza ispredishithi sakho konke usekelo onalo ngezinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi uyengeze ekhalendeni lakho ukuze uthole i-imeyili okungenani kusasele inyanga okufanele uqale ukukhathazeka ngokuvuselela ukusekela kwakho.
Ngeke uxolelwe uma ukhohlwa ukuvuselela ukusekela kwakho futhi ngosuku olungemva kokuphela kwe-hardware yakho iyaphuka.
Umsebenzi ophuthumayo
Noma ngabe kwenzekani kunethiwekhi yakho, kufanele ugcine ukufinyelela kumpahla yenethiwekhi yakho.
Okubalulekile! Kufanele ube nokufinyelela kwekhonsoli kukho konke okokusebenza futhi lokhu kufinyelela akumele kuncike empilweni yenethiwekhi yedatha yomsebenzisi.
Kufanele futhi ubone kusengaphambili izimo ezingezinhle ezingaba khona kusengaphambili futhi ubhale phansi izenzo ezidingekayo. Ukutholakala kwalo mbhalo nakho kubalulekile, ngakho akumele kuthunyelwe esisetshenziswa okwabelwana ngaso somnyango, kodwa futhi kugcinwe endaweni yangakini kumakhompyutha onjiniyela.
Kufanele kube khona
- ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze uvule ithikithi ngosekelo lomthengisi noma lomhlanganisi
- ulwazi lokuthi ungafika kanjani kunoma iyiphi into (console, management)
Yebo, ingase futhi iqukethe noma yiluphi olunye ulwazi oluwusizo, isibonelo, incazelo yenqubo yokuthuthukisa imishini ehlukahlukene kanye nemiyalo ewusizo yokuxilonga.
I-Партнеры
Manje udinga ukuhlola ubungozi obuhambisana nozakwethu. Ngokuvamile lokhu
- Abahlinzeki be-inthanethi namaphoyinti okushintshaniswa kwethrafikhi (IX)
- abahlinzeki beziteshi zokuxhumana
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uzibuze yona? Njengakumathuluzi, izimo eziphuthumayo ezahlukene kufanele zicatshangelwe. Isibonelo, kubahlinzeki be-inthanethi, kungaba into efana nale:
- kwenzekani uma umhlinzeki we-inthanethi u-X eyeka ukukunikeza isevisi ngesizathu esithile?
- Ingabe abanye abahlinzeki bazoba nomkhawulokudonsa owanele wakho?
- Ngabe ukuxhumana kuzohlala kuhle kangakanani?
- Bazimele kangakanani abahlinzeki bakho be-inthanethi futhi ingabe ukunqamuka okukhulu komunye wabo kubangela izinkinga nabanye?
- mangaki ama-optical input esikhungweni sakho sedatha?
- kuzokwenzekani uma eyodwa yama-input ishabalaliswa ngokuphelele?
Ngokuphathelene nokufaka, ekusebenzeni kwami ezinkampanini ezimbili ezihlukene, ezikhungweni zedatha ezimbili ezihlukene, umgodi wachitha imithombo futhi ngesimangaliso kuphela ama-optics ethu awazange athinteke. Lokhu akulona icala elingavamile.
Futhi, yiqiniso, awudingi nje ukubuza le mibuzo, kodwa, futhi, ngokusekelwa abaphathi, ukunikeza isisombululo esamukelekayo kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni
Okubalulekile okulandelayo kungase kube isipele sokucushwa kwemishini. Kunoma yikuphi, leli yiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Ngeke ngiklelise lawo macala lapho ungalahlekelwa ukucushwa; kungcono ukwenza izipele ezijwayelekile futhi ungacabangi ngakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izipele ezivamile zingaba usizo kakhulu ekuhloleni izinguquko.
Okubalulekile! Yenza ama-backups nsuku zonke. Lokhu akulona inani elikhulu kangaka ledatha ongalondolozwa kulokhu. Ekuseni, unjiniyela osemsebenzini (noma wena) kufanele athole umbiko ovela ohlelweni, okhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi isipele siphumelele noma cha, futhi uma isipele singaphumelelanga, inkinga kufanele ixazululwe noma kudalwe ithikithi ( bona izinqubo zomnyango wenethiwekhi).
Izinguqulo zesofthiwe
Umbuzo wokuthi kufanelekile noma cha ukuthuthukiswa kwesoftware yezinto zokusebenza awucacile kangako. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinguqulo ezindala zaziwa izimbungulu kanye nokuba sengozini, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, isofthiwe entsha, okokuqala, akuyona njalo inqubo yokuthuthukisa engenabuhlungu, futhi okwesibili, izimbungulu ezintsha kanye nokuba sengozini.
Lapha udinga ukuthola inketho engcono kakhulu. Izincomo ezimbalwa ezisobala
- faka kuphela izinguqulo ezinzile
- Noma kunjalo, akufanele uphile ngezinguqulo ezindala kakhulu zesofthiwe
- yenza uphawu ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi isofthiwe ethile ikuphi
- ngezikhathi ezithile funda imibiko ngobungozi kanye neziphazamisi ezinguqulweni zesofthiwe, futhi uma kunezinkinga ezibucayi, kufanele ucabange ngokuthuthukisa
Kulesi sigaba, ukuba nokufinyelela kwe-console kumishini, ulwazi mayelana nokusekelwa kanye nencazelo yenqubo yokuthuthukisa, empeleni, ulungele lesi sinyathelo. Inketho ekahle yilapho unemishini yaselabhorethri lapho ungabheka khona yonke inqubo, kodwa, ngeshwa, lokhu akwenzeki kaningi.
Endabeni yezinto zokusebenza ezibucayi, ungaxhumana nosekelo lomthengisi ngesicelo sokukusiza ngokuthuthukisa.
Uhlelo lwamathikithi
Manje ungaqalaza. Udinga ukusungula izinqubo zokusebenzisana neminye iminyango nangaphakathi komnyango.
Lokhu kungase kungadingeki (isibonelo, uma inkampani yakho incane), kodwa ngingancoma kakhulu ukuhlela umsebenzi ngendlela yokuthi yonke imisebenzi yangaphandle neyangaphakathi idlule ohlelweni lwamathikithi.
Uhlelo lwamathikithi empeleni luyisixhumi esibonakalayo sakho sokuxhumana kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi kufanele usichaze lesi sikhombimsebenzisi ngemininingwane eyanele.
Ake sithathe isibonelo somsebenzi obalulekile novamile wokuvula ukufinyelela. Ngizochaza i-algorithm esebenze kahle kwenye yezinkampani.
Isibonelo:
Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi amakhasimende avame ukufinyelela enza izifiso zawo ngolimi olungaqondakali kunjiniyela wenethiwekhi, okungukuthi, ngolimi lohlelo lokusebenza, isibonelo, "nginike ukufinyelela ku-1C."
Ngakho-ke, asikaze samukele izicelo ngokuqondile ezivela kubasebenzisi abanjalo.
Futhi leyo kwakuyimfuneko yokuqala
- izicelo zokufinyelela kufanele zivele eminyangweni yezobuchwepheshe (kithi lezi bekungonjiniyela be-unix, amafasitela, onjiniyela bedeski losizo)
Imfuneko yesibili yileyo
- lokhu kufinyelela kufanele kufakwe (umnyango wezobuchwepheshe esithole kuwo lesi sicelo) futhi njengesicelo sithola isixhumanisi kulokhu kufinyelela okulogiwe
Indlela yalesi sicelo kumele iqonde kithi, i.e.
- isicelo kufanele siqukathe ulwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi i-subnet nokuthi yikuphi ukufinyelela kwe-subnet okufanele kuvulwe, kanye nephrothokholi kanye (uma kuyizimbobo ze-tcp/udp)
Kufanele futhi kukhonjiswe lapho
- incazelo yokuthi kungani lokhu kufinyelela kuvulwa
- okwesikhashana noma unomphela (uma kungokwesikhashana, kuze kube ngaluphi usuku)
Futhi iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukugunyazwa
- kusukela enhlokweni yomnyango oqale ukufinyelela (isibonelo, ukubalwa kwezimali)
- kusuka enhlokweni yomnyango wezobuchwepheshe, lapho lesi sicelo safika khona emnyangweni wenethiwekhi (isibonelo, ideski losizo)
Kulokhu, “umnikazi” walokhu kufinyelela uthathwa njengenhloko yomnyango oqale ukufinyelela (i-accounting esibonelweni sethu), futhi unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhasi elingena ngemvume kulo mnyango lihlala lisesikhathini samanje. .
Ukugawula
Lokhu kuyinto ongakwazi ukucwiliswa kuyo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukusebenzisa indlela esebenzayo, kuzomele ufunde ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalesi sikhukhula sedatha.
Nazi izincomo ezisebenzayo:
- udinga ukubuyekeza izingodo nsuku zonke
- esimweni sokubuyekeza okuhleliwe (hhayi isimo esiphuthumayo), ungazikhawulela kumazinga obunzima 0, 1, 2 futhi wengeze amaphethini akhethiwe kwamanye amaleveli uma ubona kudingekile.
- bhala iskripthi esidlulisa amalogi futhi ungaziba lawo malogi owengeze amaphethini awo ohlwini lokuziba
Le ndlela izokuvumela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthi udale uhlu lokunganaki lwamalogi angathandeki kuwe futhi ushiye kuphela lawo owabheka njengokubalulekile ngempela.
Kusisebenzele kakhulu.
Ukuqapha
Akuvamile ukuthi inkampani iswele uhlelo lokuqapha. Ungakwazi, isibonelo, ukuthembela ezingodweni, kodwa okokusebenza kungase "kufa" ngaphandle kokuba nesikhathi "sokusho" noma yini, noma iphakethe lephrothokholi ye-udp syslog ingase ilahleke futhi ingafiki. Ngokuvamile, yiqiniso, ukuqapha okusebenzayo kubalulekile futhi kuyadingeka.
Izibonelo ezimbili ezidume kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwami:
- ukuqapha umthwalo weziteshi zokuxhumana, izixhumanisi ezibalulekile (isibonelo, ukuxhuma kubahlinzeki). Zikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokuqhubekayo inkinga engaba khona yokuwohloka kwesevisi ngenxa yokulahleka kwethrafikhi futhi, ngokufanelekile, uyigweme.
- amagrafu asekelwe ku-NetFlow. Akwenza kube lula ukuthola okudidayo kuthrafikhi futhi awusizo kakhulu ekutholeni izinhlobo ezithile ezilula kodwa ezibalulekile zokuhlaselwa kwama-hacker.
Okubalulekile! Setha izaziso ze-SMS zemicimbi ebaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kukho kokubili ukuqapha nokugawulwa kwemithi. Uma ungenalo ishifu yasemsebenzini, i-sms kufanele futhi ifike ngaphandle kwamahora okusebenza.
Cabanga ngenqubo ngendlela yokuthi ungabavusi bonke onjiniyela. Besinonjiniyela obesemsebenzini walokhu.
Shintsha ukulawula
Ngokubona kwami, akudingekile ukulawula zonke izinguquko. Kodwa, kunoma yikuphi, kufanele ukwazi, uma kunesidingo, ukuthola kalula ukuthi ubani owenze izinguquko ezithile kunethiwekhi nokuthi kungani.
Amanye amathiphu:
- sebenzisa isistimu yamathikithi ukuze ucacise ukuthi yini eyenziwe kulelo thikithi, isibonelo ngokukopisha ukucushwa okusetshenzisiwe ethikithini
- sebenzisa amandla okuphawula ezintweni zenethiwekhi (isibonelo, beka amazwana kuJuniper). Ungabhala phansi inombolo yethikithi
- sebenzisa i-diff yezipele zakho zokucushwa
Ungakwazi ukwenza lokhu njengenqubo, ubuyekeze wonke amathikithi nsuku zonke ukuze uthole izinguquko.
Izinqubo
Kufanele wenze ngokusemthethweni futhi uchaze izinqubo eqenjini lakho. Uma usufinyelele kuleli qophelo, ithimba lakho kufanele libe selivele linezinqubo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo:
Izinqubo zansuku zonke:
- ukusebenza ngamathikithi
- ukusebenza ngezingodo
- shintsha ukulawula
- ishidi lokuhlola nsuku zonke
Izinqubo zonyaka:
- ukunwetshwa kweziqinisekiso, amalayisensi
Izinqubo ze-Asynchronous:
- impendulo ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezahlukahlukene
Isiphetho sengxenye yokuqala
Uke waqaphela yini ukuthi konke lokhu akukabi mayelana nokucushwa kwenethiwekhi, hhayi mayelana nokuklama, hhayi mayelana nezivumelwano zenethiwekhi, hhayi mayelana nomzila, hhayi mayelana nokuphepha ... Kuyinto ezungezile. Kodwa lezi, nakuba mhlawumbe ziyisicefe, ziyizici ezibaluleke kakhulu zomsebenzi wokuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi.
Kuze kube manje, njengoba ubona, awukathuthukisi lutho kunethiwekhi yakho. Uma bekukhona ubungozi bokuphepha, bese buhlala; uma bekunomklamo omubi, bese kusala. Kuze kube yilapho ususebenzise amakhono akho nolwazi njengonjiniyela wenethiwekhi, okungenzeka ukuthi uchithe isikhathi esiningi, umzamo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imali. Kodwa okokuqala udinga ukudala (noma ukuqinisa) isisekelo, bese uqala ukwakha.
Izingxenye ezilandelayo zizokutshela indlela yokuthola nokuqeda amaphutha, bese uthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yakho.
Yiqiniso, akudingeki wenze yonke into ngokulandelana. Isikhathi singaba esibucayi. Kwenze ngokuhambisana uma izinsiza zivuma.
Futhi isengezo esibalulekile. Xhumana, buza, bonisana nethimba lakho. Ekugcineni, yibona abasekela futhi benza konke lokhu.
Source: www.habr.com