Ukuhlukaniswa kwedatha ngokwako kuyisihloko socwaningo esithokozisayo. Ngiyakuthanda ukuqoqa ulwazi olubonakala ludingekile, futhi bengilokhu ngizama ukwenza uhlu lwemibhalo olunengqondo lwamafayela ami, futhi ngolunye usuku ephusheni ngabona uhlelo oluhle nolufanelekile lokwabela amathegi kumafayela, futhi nganquma ukuthi ngeke ngikwazi ukuphila. kanjena manje.

Inkinga yezinhlelo zefayela le-hierarchical

Abasebenzisi bavame ukubhekana nenkinga yokukhetha ukuthi bangagcina kuphi ifayela elisha elilandelayo kanye nenkinga yokuthola amafayela abo (ngezinye izikhathi amagama wefayela awahlosiwe nhlobo ukuba akhunjulwe ngumuntu).

Indlela yokuphuma kulesi simo kungase kube izinhlelo zefayela le-semantic, ngokuvamile okungezelelwe ohlelweni lwamafayela endabuko. Iziqondiso ezikuzo zithathelwa indawo izibaluli ze-semantic, ezibizwa nangokuthi omaka, izigaba, nemethadatha. Ngizosebenzisa igama elithi “isigaba” kaningi, ngoba... Kumongo wezinhlelo zamafayela, igama elithi "umaka" kwesinye isikhathi liyaxaka, ikakhulukazi uma kuvela "ama-subtags" kanye "neziteketiso zomaka".

Ukwabela izigaba kumafayela ngokuyinhloko kuqeda inkinga yokugcina nokucinga kwefayela: uma ukhumbula (noma uqagela) okungenani isigaba esisodwa esinikezwe ifayela, khona-ke ifayela alisoze lanyamalala ekubukeni.

Ngaphambilini, lesi sihloko saphakanyiswa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ku-Habré (izikhathi, два, ezintathu, ezine njll.), lapha ngichaza isisombululo sami.

Indlela Yokufezeka

Ngokushesha ngemva kwephupho elishiwo, ngichaze ebhukwini lami isikhombimsebenzisi somyalo esihlinzeka ngomsebenzi odingekayo ngezigaba. Ngabe senginquma ukuthi ngesonto noma amabili ngingabhala i-prototype ngisebenzisa i-Python noma i-Bash, futhi kuzodingeka ngisebenze ekwakheni igobolondo lesithombe ku-Qt noma i-GTK. Iqiniso, njengenjwayelo, lajika laba nzima kakhulu, futhi intuthuko yabambezeleka.

Umbono wokuqala wawuwukuba okokuqala wenze uhlelo olunomugqa womyalo olula futhi olufushane oluzodala, lususe izigaba, lunikeze izigaba kumafayela futhi lususe izigaba kumafayela. Ngishayele uhlelo ama-vitis.

Umzamo wokuqala wokudala ama-vitis waphela lutho, ngoba isikhathi esiningi saqala ukuchithwa emsebenzini nasekolishi. Umzamo wesibili wawuvele uyinto ethile: ku-thesis ye-master, ngakwazi ukuqedela iphrojekthi ehleliwe futhi ngenza ngisho ne-prototype yegobolondo le-GTK. Kodwa leyo nguqulo yabonakala ingathembekile futhi ingaxaki kangangokuthi okuningi kwadingeka kucatshangelwe kabusha.

Empeleni ngisebenzise inguqulo yesithathu ngokwami ​​isikhathi eside kakhulu, sengidlulisele izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamafayela ami ezigabeni. Lokhu kuphinde kwagqugquzelwa kakhulu wukuqedwa kwe-bash. Kodwa ezinye izinkinga, njengokuntuleka kwezigaba ezizenzakalelayo kanye nekhono lokugcina amafayela egama elifanayo, zisekhona, futhi uhlelo lwaluvele lugobile ngaphansi kobunzima balo. Yile ndlela engifike ngayo esidingweni sokuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe: bhala izidingo ezinemininingwane, ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuhlola olusebenzayo, imiyalelo yokupakisha yokutadisha, nokunye okuningi. Manje sengifikile ohlelweni lwami, ukuze le ndalo ethobekile yethulwe emphakathini okhululekile. Ukuphathwa kwefayela okuqondile njengokuphatha ngomqondo wezigaba kuphakamisa izinkinga nezinkinga ezingalindelekile, nasekuzixazululeni. ama-vitis yazala amanye amaphrojekthi amahlanu azungezile, amanye azoshiwo esihlokweni. Kuze kube manje ama-vitis Angikathengi igobolondo lesithombe, kodwa ukusebenziseka kalula kwezigaba zamafayela asuka emugqeni womyalo sekuvele kungidlulele noma yiziphi izinzuzo zomphathi wefayela wesithombe esivamile.

Izibonelo Zokusebenzisa

Ake siqale okulula - dala isigaba:

vitis create Музыка

Ake sengeze ukwakheka okuthile kuyo njengesibonelo:

vitis assign Музыка -f "The Ink Spots - I Don't Want To Set The World On Fire.mp3"

Ungabuka okuqukethwe kwesigaba "Somculo" usebenzisa "show" subcommand:

vitis show Музыка

Ungawudlala usebenzisa umyalo ongaphansi "ovulekile".

vitis open Музыка

Ngoba Uma sinefayela elilodwa kuphela esigabeni esithi "Umculo", yilelo kuphela elizoqalisa. Ngenhloso yokuvula amafayela ngezinhlelo zawo ezizenzakalelayo, ngenze insiza ehlukile vts-fs-vula (amathuluzi ajwayelekile afana ne-xdg-open noma i-mimeopen awangifanelanga ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa; kodwa, uma kukhona, kuzilungiselelo ungacacisa enye insiza yokuvula ifayela lomhlaba wonke). Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lusebenza kahle ekusabalaliseni okuhlukene ezindaweni ezihlukene zokusebenza, ngakho-ke ngincoma ukuyifaka kanye ne-vitis.

Ungakwazi futhi ukucacisa ngokuqondile uhlelo lokuvula amafayela:

vitis open Музыка --app qmmp

Masidale izigaba ezengeziwe futhi sengeze amafayela sisebenzisa okuthi "assign". Uma amafayela abelwe izigaba ezingakabi khona, ucelwa ukuba udale. Isicelo esingadingekile singagwenywa ngokusebenzisa ifulegi -yebo.

vitis assign Программирование R -f "Введение в R.pdf" "Статистический пакет R: теория вероятностей и матстатистика.pdf" --yes

Manje sifuna ukwengeza isigaba "seMathematika" efayeleni elithi "Iphakheji yezibalo R: ithiyori yamathuba kanye nezibalo zezibalo.pdf". Siyazi ukuthi leli fayela selivele lihlukaniswe ngokuthi "R" ngakho-ke singasebenzisa indlela yesigaba esivela ohlelweni lwe-Vitis:

vitis assign Математика -v "R/Статистический пакет R: теория вероятностей и матстатистика.pdf"

Ngenhlanhla, ukuqedwa kwe-bash kwenza lokhu kube lula.

Ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekeni, sisebenzisa ifulegi --categories ukubona uhlu lwezigaba zefayela ngalinye:

vitis show R --categories

Qaphela ukuthi amafayela nawo ahlukaniswe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngefomethi, uhlobo (ihlanganisa amafomethi) kanye nesandiso sefayela. Lezi zigaba zingakhutshazwa uma zithanda. Kamuva ngokuqinisekile ngizofaka amagama abo ngokwendawo.

Ake sengeze okunye "kuMathematics" ngezinhlobonhlobo:

vitis assign Математика -f "Математический анализ - 1984.pdf" Перельман_Занимательная_математика_1927.djvu 

Futhi manje izinto ziyathakazelisa. Esikhundleni sezigaba, ungabhala izinkulumo ngokusebenza kwenyunyana, ukuhlangana nokukhipha, okungukuthi, sebenzisa imisebenzi kumasethi. Isibonelo, ukuphambana kwe-"Math" no-"R" kuzoholela efayeleni elilodwa.

vitis show R i: Математика

Masisuse izinkomba zolimi “R” kokuthi “Mathematics”:

vitis show Математика  R  #или vitis show Математика c: R

Singahlanganisa ngokungenanjongo umculo nolimi R:

vitis show Музыка u: R

I--n flag ikuvumela ukuthi "ukhiphe" amafayela adingekayo kumphumela wesicelo ngezinombolo kanye/noma ububanzi, isibonelo, -n 3-7, noma into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu: -n 1,5,8-10,13. Kuvame ukuba wusizo ngomyalelo ongaphansi ovulekile, okuvumela ukuthi uvule amafayela owafunayo ohlwini.

Ngenkathi sisuka ekusebenziseni uhla lwemibhalo olujwayelekile, kuvamise ukuba wusizo ukuba nezigaba ezibekwe ezidlekeni. Masidale isigaba esingaphansi "Izibalo" ngaphansi kwesigaba "Izibalo" futhi sengeze lesi sigaba efayeleni elifanele:

vitis create Математика/Статистика

vitis assign Математика/Статистика -v "R/Введение в R.pdf"

vitis show Математика --categories

Siyabona ukuthi leli fayela manje linesigaba esithi “Izibalo/Izibalo” esikhundleni sokuthi “Izibalo” (izixhumanisi ezengeziwe ziyalandelelwa).

Ukukhuluma ngendlela egcwele kungase kuphazamise, ake sakhe isibizo “somhlaba wonke”:

vitis assign Математика/Статистика -a Статистика

vitis show Статистика

Hhayi nje amafayela avamile

Izixhumanisi ze-inthanethi

Ukuhlanganisa isitoreji sanoma yiluphi ulwazi, kungaba usizo, okungenani, ukuhlukanisa izixhumanisi ezinsizeni ze-inthanethi ngokwezigaba. Futhi lokhu kungenzeka:

vitis assign Хабр Цветоаномалия -i https://habr.com/ru/company/sfe_ru/blog/437304/ --yes

Ifayela lizokwakhiwa endaweni ekhethekile elinenhlokweni yekhasi le-HTML kanye nesandiso esithi .desktop. Lena ifomethi yesinqamuleli esivamile ku-GNU/Linux. Izinqamuleli ezinjalo zihlukaniswa ngokuzenzakalela njenge-NetworkBookmarks.

Ngokwemvelo, izinqamuleli zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa:

vitis open Цветоаномалия

Ukukhipha umyalo kubangela ukuthi isixhumanisi esisanda kugcinwa sivulwe esipheqululini. Izinqamuleli ezifakwe ngokwezigaba eziya emithonjeni ye-inthanethi zingasebenza njengokumiselela amabhukumaka esiphequluli.

Izingcezu zefayela

Kuyasiza futhi ukuba nezigaba zezingcezu ngazinye zamafayela. Akusona isicelo esibi, eh? Kodwa ukuqaliswa kwamanje kuze kube manje kuthinta kuphela amafayela ombhalo angenalutho, amafayela alalelwayo namavidiyo. Ake sithi udinga ukumaka ingxenye ethile yekhonsathi noma umzuzu ohlekisayo ku-movie, khona-ke lapho usebenzisa isabelo ungasebenzisa amafulegi -fragname, -start, -finish. Masilondoloze isilondolozi-skrini ku-"DuckTales":

vitis assign vitis assign -c Заставки -f Duck_Tales/s01s01.avi --finish 00:00:59 --fragname "Duck Tales intro"

vitis open Заставки

Eqinisweni, akukho ukusikwa kwefayela okwenzekayo; esikhundleni salokho, ifayela lesikhombi esiqeshini liyakhiwa, elichaza uhlobo lwefayela, indlela eya efayeleni, isiqalo nesiphetho sesiqephu. Ukudalwa nokuvulwa kwezikhombisi ezicucu kudluliselwe ezintweni engizenzele lezi zinhloso ngokukhethekile - lezi ziyi-mediafragmenter ne-fragplayer. Eyokuqala iyadala, eyesibili iyavula. Endabeni yokurekhodwa komsindo nevidiyo, ifayela lemidiya liqaliswa lisuka endaweni ethile liye endaweni ethile kusetshenziswa isidlali se-VLC, ngakho-ke kufanele libe sesistimu. Ekuqaleni ngangifuna ukwenza lokhu ngokusekelwe ku-mplayer, kodwa ngesizathu esithile kwakugwegwile ngokubeka endaweni ngesikhathi esifanele.
Esibonelweni sethu, ifayela elithi "Duck Tales intro.fragpointer" liyadalwa (libekwe endaweni ekhethekile), bese kudlalwa ucezu kusukela ekuqaleni kwefayela (njengoba i- -start yayingacacisiwe lapho idala) kuze kube ngu-59. uphawu lwesibili, ngemva kwalokho i-VLC ivala .

Esinye isibonelo yilapho sinquma ukuhlukanisa ingoma eyodwa ekhonsathini yeciko elidumile:

vitis assign Лепс "Спасите наши души" -f Григорий Лепc - Концерт Парус - песни Владимира Высоцкого.mp4 --fragname "Спасите наши души" --start 00:32:18 --finish 00:36:51

vitis open "Спасите наши души"

Uma livulwa, ifayela lizofakwa endaweni oyifunayo futhi lizovalwa ngemva kwemizuzu emine nengxenye.

Konke kusebenza kanjani + izici ezengeziwe

Ukugcina izigaba

Ekuqaleni kokucabanga ngokuhlela uhlelo lwefayela le-semantic, kwafika izindlela ezintathu engqondweni: ngokugcina izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso, ngokusebenzisa isizindalwazi, ngencazelo ku-XML. Indlela yokuqala iphumelele, ngoba... ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, umsebenzisi unethuba lokubheka izigaba ngokuqondile ohlelweni lwefayela (futhi lokhu kulula futhi kubalulekile). Ekuqaleni kokusetshenziswa ama-vitis Uhla lwemibhalo oluthi “Vitis” kanye nefayela lokumisa elithi “.config/vitis/vitis.conf” kwakhiwa kuhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya lomsebenzisi. Izikhombisi ezihambisana nezigaba zidalwe kokuthi ~/Vitis, futhi izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso eziya kumafayela asekuqaleni zidalwa kulezi zinkomba zezigaba. Iziteketiso zesigaba nazo ziyizixhumanisi nje zazo. Yiqiniso, ukuba khona kohla lwemibhalo lwe-"Vitis" kuhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya kungase kungahambisani nabanye abantu. Singashintshela kunoma iyiphi enye indawo:

vitis service set path /mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Vitis/

Esikhathini esithile, kuba sobala ukuthi akunangqondo ukuhlukanisa amafayela ahlakazeke ezindaweni ezihlukene, njengoba indawo yawo ingashintsha. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, ngazenzela uhla lwemibhalo, lapho ngalahla khona yonke into ngobuwula futhi ngayinikeza zonke izigaba. Ngabe senginquma ukuthi kungaba kuhle ukwenza lesi sikhathi sibe ngokusemthethweni ezingeni lohlelo. Lena yindlela umqondo "wesikhala sefayela" ovele ngayo. Ekuqaleni kokusetshenziswa ama-vitis Ngeke kube buhlungu ukusetha ngokushesha indawo enjalo (wonke amafayela esiwadingayo azogcinwa lapho) futhi unike amandla ukulondoloza ngokuzenzakalelayo:

vitis service add filespace /mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Filespace/

vitis service set autosave yes

Ngaphandle kokulondoloza ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma usebenzisa umyalo omncane othi "assign", ifulegi --save lizodingeka uma ufuna ukulondoloza ifayela elingeziwe esikhaleni sefayela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukwengeza izikhala zamafayela eziningana futhi ushintshe izinto eziza kuqala kuzo; lokhu kungaba usizo uma kunamafayela amaningi futhi egcinwe kumidiya ehlukene. Ngeke ngikucabange lokhu okungenzeka lapha; imininingwane ingatholakala kusizo lohlelo.

Ukufuduka Kwesistimu Yefayela Le-Semantic

Noma kunjalo, uhla lwemibhalo lwe-Vitis nezikhala zefayela ngokwethiyori ngezinye izikhathi zingasuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye. Ukuze ngiyenze isebenze, ngidale insiza ehlukile isixhumanisi-umhleli, engahlela izixhumanisi ngobuningi, imisele izingxenye zendlela ngezinye:

cp -r /mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Vitis/ ~/Vitis
link-editor -d ~/Vitis/ -f /mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Vitis/ -r ~/Vitis/ -R
cp -r /mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Filespace/ ~/MyFiles
link-editor -d ~/Vitis/ -f /mnt/FlashDrive-256/Filespace/ -r ~/MyFiles -R

Esimweni sokuqala, ngemva kokuba sisuke ku-/mnt/MyFavoriteDisk/Vitis/ siye kuhla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya, izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso ezihlobene neziteketiso ziyahlelwa. Esimweni sesibili, ngemva kokushintsha indawo yesikhala sefayela, zonke izixhumanisi ku-Vitis zishintshwa zibe ezintsha ngokuhambisana nesicelo sokushintsha ingxenye yendlela yazo.

Izigaba ezizenzakalelayo

Uma ugijima umyalo vitis service get autocategorization, ungabona ukuthi ngokuzenzakalelayo, izigaba ezizenzakalelayo zinikezwa ngefomethi (Ifomethi Nohlobo) kanye nesandiso sefayela (Isandiso).

Lokhu kuyasiza uma, ngokwesibonelo, udinga ukuthola okuthile phakathi kwama-PDF noma ubheke lokho okugcine ku-EPUB naku-FB2, ungamane uqalise isicelo.

vitis show Format/MOBI u: Format/FB2

Kwenzeka lokhu nje amathuluzi ajwayelekile e-GNU/Linux afana nefayela noma uhlobo lwe-mime awangiphathanga kahle ngoba awasho njalo ifomethi ngendlela efanele; kwadingeka ngenze okwami ​​ukusebenzisa ngokusekelwe kusiginesha nezandiso zefayela. Ngokuvamile, isihloko sokuchaza amafomethi wefayela siyisihloko esithakazelisayo socwaningo futhi sifanelwe isihloko esihlukile. Okwamanje ngingasho ukuthi mhlawumbe angizange nginikeze ukuqashelwa kweqiniso kwawo wonke amafomethi emhlabeni, kodwa ngokujwayelekile kakade kusebenza kahle. Yiqiniso, i-EPUB manje ichaza ifomethi njenge-ZIP (ngokujwayelekile, lokhu kuyathetheleleka, kodwa empeleni lokhu akufanele kubhekwe njengokuziphatha okuvamile). Okwamanje, cabangela lesi sici njengesilingo futhi ubike noma yiziphi iziphazamisi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungakwazi njalo ukusebenzisa izigaba zesandiso samafayela, isibonelo, Isandiso/i-epub.

Uma izigaba ezizenzakalelayo ngefomethi zinikwe amandla, izigaba ezizenzakalelayo eziqoqa amafomethi athile ngohlobo nazo zinikwe amandla: “Izingobo zomlando”, “Izithombe”, “Ividiyo”, “Umsindo” kanye “Nemibhalo”. Amagama enziwe endawo nawo azokwenziwa kulezi zigatshana.

Yini engashiwo

ama-vitis Kuvele kuyithuluzi elinezinto eziningi kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukumboza yonke into ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ake ngisho kafushane ukuthi yini enye ongayenza:

• izigaba zingasuswa futhi zikhishwe kumafayela;
• imiphumela yemibuzo yokusho ingakopishwa kuhla lwemibhalo olushiwo;
• amafayela angasebenza njengezinhlelo;
• Umyalo wokubonisa unezinketho eziningi, isibonelo, ukuhlunga ngegama/usuku lokuguqulwa noma ukufinyelela/usayizi/isandiso, ukukhombisa izakhiwo zefayela nezindlela eziya kokwangempela, ukunika amandla ukuboniswa kwamafayela afihliwe, njll.;
• Uma ulondoloza izixhumanisi emithonjeni ye-inthanethi, ungaphinda ulondoloze amakhophi endawo amakhasi e-HTML.

Imininingwane egcwele ingatholakala kusizo lomsebenzisi.

Amathemba

Abagxeki bavame ukuthi “akekho ozosetha la mathegi ngokwakhe.” Ngisebenzisa isibonelo sami, ngingafakazela okuphambene: Sengivele ngihlukanise amafayela angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyisithupha, ngakha izigaba neziteketiso ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane, futhi bekufanele. Lapho iqembu elilodwa vitis open План vula uhlu lwakho lwezinto ozozenza noma uma unomyalo owodwa vitis open LaTeX Uma uvula incwadi ka-Stolyarov mayelana nesistimu yokuhlela ye-LaTeX, sekuvele kunzima ngokuziphatha ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwefayela "indlela endala."

Ngalesi sisekelo, kuvela imibono eminingi. Isibonelo, ungenza umsakazo ozenzakalelayo ovula umculo onesihloko ngokuya ngesimo sezulu samanje, iholide, usuku lweviki, isikhathi sosuku noma unyaka. Okusondele nakakhulu esihlokweni isidlali somculo esaziyo ngezigaba futhi esingadlala umculo ngokwenkulumo ngokusebenza ezigabeni njengakumasethi. Kuwusizo ukwenza i-daemon ezoqapha inkomba ethi "Okulandiwe" futhi inikeze ukuhlukanisa amafayela amasha ngokwezigaba. Futhi, kunjalo, kufanele senze imenenja yefayela yegraphical semantic evamile. Ngesinye isikhathi ngaze ngakha isevisi yewebhu yebhizinisi ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuhlanganyela amafayela, kodwa kwakungeyona into ebaluleke kakhulu futhi yaba yinto engabalulekile, nakuba ifinyelele izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza. (Ngenxa yezinguquko ezinkulu kuhlelo ama-vitis, ayisasebenzi.)

nansi idemo encane

isiphetho

I-Vitis akuwona umzamo wokuqala wokushintsha kakhulu isitayela sokusebenza ngedatha, kodwa ngikubone kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imibono yami nokwenza ukuqaliswa kutholakale esidlangalaleni ngaphansi kwelayisensi ye-GNU GPL. Ukuze kube lula, iphakethe le-deb lenzelwe i-x86-64; kufanele lisebenze kukho konke ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Debian yesimanje. Kube khona ubunzima obuncane ku-ARM (ngenkathi zonke ezinye izinhlelo zihlobene ama-vitis, sebenza kahle), kodwa esikhathini esizayo kuzohlanganiswa iphakheji esebenzayo yale nkundla (armhf). Ngiyekile ukudala amaphakheji we-RPM okwamanje ngenxa yezinkinga ku-Fedora 30 kanye nobunzima bokusabalalisa kuzo zonke izabelo ze-RPM, kodwa amaphakheji kamuva asazokwenzelwa okungenani ambalwa awo. Okwamanje ungasebenzisa make && make install noma checkinstall.

Siyabonga nonke ngokunaka kwenu! Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko kanye nale phrojekthi kungaba usizo.

Xhuma kunqolobane yephrojekthi

Source: www.habr.com