Okunye: Izinqwaba zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Haiku?

TL; DR: Ingabe i-Haiku ingathola ukwesekwa okufanele kwamaphakheji ohlelo lokusebenza, njengezinkomba zohlelo lokusebenza (njenge .app ku-Mac) kanye/noma izithombe zohlelo (Linux AppImage)? Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba isengezo esifanelekile okulula ukusisebenzisa ngendlela efanele kunezinye izinhlelo njengoba ingqalasizinda eminingi isivele ikhona.

Esontweni eledlule Ngathola i-Haiku, uhlelo oluhle ngokungalindelekile. Nokho, njengoba sekuyisikhathi eside nginesithakazelo kuzinkomba nezithombe zohlelo lokusebenza (ephefumulelwe ubulula be-Macintosh), akumangazi ukuthi umqondo weza engqondweni yami ...

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okugcwele, ngingumdali nombhali we-AppImage, ifomethi yokusabalalisa yohlelo lwe-Linux ehlose ukwenza i-Mac ibe lula futhi inikeze ukulawula okugcwele kubabhali bezinhlelo zokusebenza nabasebenzisi bokugcina (uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, bona wiki и imibhalo).

Kuthiwani uma senza i-AppImage ye-Haiku?

Ake sicabange kancane, ngokwethiyori kuphela: okumele kwenziwe ukuze kutholwe I-AppImage, noma into efanayo, ku-Haiku? Akudingekile ukudala okuthile okwamanje, ngoba uhlelo oseluvele lukhona e-Haiku lusebenza ngokumangalisayo, kodwa ukuhlola okucatshangwayo kungaba kuhle. Ibuye ibonise ubunkimbinkimbi be-Haiku, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zedeskithophu ye-Linux, lapho izinto ezinjalo zinzima kakhulu (nginelungelo lokusho kanjalo: ngibe nginenkinga yokulungisa iphutha iminyaka engu-10).

Kuhlelo lwe-Macintosh 1, isicelo ngasinye bekuyifayela elihlukile "eliphethwe" KuSitholi. Ngisebenzisa i-AppImage ngizama ukuphinda ngidale umuzwa ofanayo womsebenzisi ku-Linux.

Okokuqala, yini i-AppImage? Lolu uhlelo lokukhulula izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle (isibonelo, I-Ultimaker Cura), okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zikhishwe nini futhi kanjani ezifuna: asikho isidingo sokwazi imininingwane ethile yokusabalalisa okuhlukahlukene, izinqubomgomo zokwakha noma ukwakha ingqalasizinda, akukho ukusekelwa komnakekeli okudingekayo, futhi abatsheli abasebenzisi ukuthi yini (hhayi) abangayifaka kumakhompyutha abo. I-AppImage kufanele iqondwe njengento efana nephakheji ye-Mac ngefomethi .app ngaphakathi kwesithombe sediski .dmg. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza azikopishwa, kodwa zihlala ngaphakathi kwe-AppImage kuze kube phakade, kufana namaphakheji we-Haiku. .hpkg kufakwe, futhi akukaze kufakwe ngomqondo ojwayelekile.

Phakathi neminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ikhona, i-AppImage isizuze ukukhanga nokuduma okuthile: U-Linus Torvalds ngokwakhe wayigunyaza esidlangalaleni, futhi amaphrojekthi avamile (ngokwesibonelo, i-LibreOffice, i-Krita, i-Inkscape, i-Scribus, i-ImageMagick) iwamukele njengendlela eyinhloko. ukusabalalisa izakhiwo eziqhubekayo noma zasebusuku, zingaphazamisi izinhlelo zokusebenza zomsebenzisi ezifakiwe noma ezikhishiwe. Kodwa-ke, izindawo zedeskithophu ye-Linux kanye nokusabalalisa ngokuvamile kusabambelele kumodeli yokusabalalisa esekelwe kumlondolozi wendabuko, kanye/noma ukuthuthukisa ibhizinisi labo lebhizinisi kanye/noma izinhlelo zobunjiniyela ezisekelwe I-Flatpak (RedHat, Fedora, GNOME) kanye Isidlakela (Canonical, Ubuntu). Iza ngokubhuqa.

Konke kusebenza kanjani

• I-AppImage ngayinye iqukethe izingxenye ezi-2: i-ELF encane yokuchofoza kabili (okubizwa kanjalo. runtime.c), kulandelwa isithombe sesistimu yefayela SquashFS.

• Isistimu yefayela ye-SquashFS iqukethe ukulayishwa kwesicelo nakho konke okudingekayo ukuze iluqalise, lokho ngomqondo olungile ongakwazi ukubhekwa njengengxenye yokufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwawo wonke amasistimu asanda kwenzeka okuqondiwe (ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux). Futhi iqukethe imethadatha, njengegama lohlelo lokusebenza, izithonjana, izinhlobo ze-MIME, njll., njll.

• Uma iqhutshwa ngumsebenzisi, isikhathi sokusebenza sisebenzisa i-FUSE ne-squashfuse ukukhweza uhlelo lwefayela, bese iphatha ukusebenzisa indawo yokungena (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-AppRun) ngaphakathi kwe-AppImage efakwe.
  Isistimu yefayela iyehliswa ngemva kokuqeda inqubo.

Konke kubonakala kulula.

Futhi lezi zinto zenza konke kube nzima:

• Ngokusatshalaliswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-Linux, akukho "engqondweni elungile" engabizwa ngokuthi "ingxenye yokufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwawo wonke amasistimu amasha okuqondiwe." Silungisa lolu daba ngokwakha uhlu olungabandakanyi, okukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi yini ezopakishwa ku-AppImage nokuthi yini ezodinga ukuthathwa kwenye indawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngezinye izikhathi siyaphuthelwa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi, ngokuvamile, konke kusebenza kahle. Ngalesi sizathu, sincoma ukuthi abadali bephakheji bahlole i-AppImages kuwo wonke amasistimu (ukusabalalisa) okuqondiwe.
• Ukulayishwa kwezicelo kufanele kuthutheke kulo lonke uhlelo lwefayela. Ngeshwa, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zinekhodi eqinile nezindlela eziphelele zokuya, isibonelo, izinsiza ku /usr/share. Lokhu kudinga ukulungiswa ngandlela thize. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uthumele LD_LIBRARY_PATH, noma lungisa rpath ukuze umlayishi athole imitapo yolwazi ehlobene. Indlela yokuqala inezinkinga zayo (ezinqotshwa ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi), kanti eyesibili imane inzima.
• Umgodi omkhulu we-UX kubasebenzisi yilokho setha ibhithi elisebenzisekayo Ifayela le-AppImage ngemuva kokulanda. Ukholwa noma ungakholwa, lokhu kuyisithiyo sangempela kwabanye. Isidingo sokusetha ibhithi esebenzisekayo sinzima nakubasebenzisi abanolwazi. Njengendlela yokusebenza, siphakamise ukuthi kufakwe isevisi encane eqapha amafayela e-AppImage futhi isethe ukusebenza kwawo okuncane. Ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile, akusona isisombululo esihle kakhulu, ngoba ngeke sisebenze ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux akunikezeli le sevisi, ngakho-ke, abasebenzisi banolwazi olubi ngaphandle kwebhokisi.
• Abasebenzisi be-Linux balindele ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza olusha lube nesithonjana kumenyu yokuqalisa. Awukwazi ukutshela uhlelo: "Bheka, kukhona uhlelo lokusebenza olusha, asisebenze." Esikhundleni salokho, ngokuya ngemininingwane ye-XDG, udinga ukukopisha ifayela .desktop endaweni efanele /usr ukuze kufakwe uhlelo olubanzi, noma ku- $HOME okomuntu ngamunye. Izithonjana zosayizi abathile, ngokuya ngemininingwane ye-XDG, zidinga ukubekwa ezindaweni ezithile kuzo usr noma $HOME, bese usebenzisa imiyalo endaweni yokusebenza ukuze ubuyekeze inqolobane yesithonjana, noma uthemba ukuthi umphathi wendawo yokusebenza uzokuthola futhi athole yonke into ngokuzenzakalelayo. Okufanayo nezinhlobo ze-MIME. Njengendlela yokusebenza, kuhlongozwa ukusebenzisa insizakalo efanayo, okuthi, ngaphezu kokusetha ifulege lokusebenziseka, izoba, uma kunezithonjana, njll. ku-AppImage, zikopishe kusuka ku-AppImage uye ezindaweni ezifanele ngokuya nge-XDG. Uma isusiwe noma ihanjiswa, isevisi kulindeleke ukuthi isule yonke into. Yiqiniso, kunomehluko ekuziphatheni kwendawo ngayinye yokusebenza, kumafomethi wefayela elicacile, ubukhulu bawo, izindawo zokugcina nezindlela zokuvuselela ama-caches, okudala inkinga. Ngamafuphi, le ndlela iwumgogodla.
• Uma okungenhla kunganele, asikho isithonjana se-AppImage kumphathi wefayela. Umhlaba weLinux awukanqumi ukusebenzisa i-elficon (naphezu ingxoxo и ukuqaliswa), ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukushumeka isithonjana ngokuqondile kuhlelo lokusebenza. Ngakho-ke kuvele ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza kumphathi wefayela azinazo izithonjana zazo (akukho mehluko, i-AppImage noma enye into), zikumenyu yokuqala kuphela. Njengesixazululo, sisebenzisa izithonjana, indlela eyayakhelwe ukuvumela abaphathi bedeskithophu ukuthi babonise izithonjana zokubuka kuqala izithombe zamafayela ayingcaca njengezithonjana zabo. Ngakho-ke, isevisi yokusetha i-execubility bit iphinde isebenze "njenge-miniaturizer", idala futhi ibhale izithonjana zesithonjana ezindaweni ezifanele. /usr и $HOME. Le sevisi futhi yenza ukuhlanza uma i-AppImage isusiwe noma ihanjiswa. Ngenxa yokuthi imenenja ngayinye yedeskithophu iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, isibonelo, ngaziphi ifomethi eyamukela izithonjana, kumasayizi angakanani noma izindawo, konke lokhu kubuhlungu ngempela.
• Uhlelo lokusebenza lumane luphahlazeke uma kwenziwa amaphutha (isibonelo, kukhona umtapo wolwazi ongeyona ingxenye yesistimu yesisekelo futhi onganikezwanga ku-AppImage), futhi akekho otshela umsebenzisi ku-GUI ukuthi yini ngempela eyenzekayo. Saqala ukuzungeza lokhu ngokusebenzisa izaziso kudeskithophu, okusho ukuthi sidinga ukubamba amaphutha emugqeni womyalo, siwaguqule abe yimiyalezo eqondwa ngabasebenzisi, edinga ukuvezwa kudeskithophu. Futhi-ke, indawo ngayinye yedeskithophu ibaphatha ngokuhlukile kancane.
• Okwamanje (September 2019 - inothi lomhumushi) angikayitholi indlela elula yokutshela isistimu ukuthi ifayela 1.png kumele ivulwe kusetshenziswa i-Krita, futhi 2.png - usebenzisa i-GIMP.

Indawo yesitoreji yokucaciswa kwe-cross-desktop esetshenziswa kuyo I-GNOME, KDE и Xfce i-freedesktop.org

Ukufinyelela izinga lobuchwephesha elilukwe ngokujulile endaweni yokusebenza yase-Haiku kunzima, noma kungenzeki, ngenxa yokucaciswa I-XDG evela ku-freedesktop.org kwe-cross-desktop, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwabaphathi bedeskithophu ngokusekelwe kulokhu kucaciswa. Njengesibonelo, singacaphuna isithonjana se-Firefox sohlelo olubanzi: ngokusobala, ababhali be-XDG abakaze bacabange ukuthi umsebenzisi angaba nezinguqulo ezimbalwa zohlelo olufanayo olufakiwe.

Izithonjana zezinguqulo ezahlukene zeFirefox

Bengizibuza ukuthi umhlaba we-Linux ungafundani ku-Mac OS X ukugwema ukuhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu. Uma unesikhathi futhi ukulokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda lokho u-Arnaud Gurdol, omunye wonjiniyela bokuqala be-Mac OS X, wathi:

Besifuna ukwenza ukufaka uhlelo kube lula njengokuhudula isithonjana sohlelo kusuka endaweni ethile (iseva, idrayivu yangaphandle) usiyise kudrayivu yekhompyutha yakho. Ukwenza lokhu, iphakheji yohlelo lokusebenza igcina yonke imininingwane, okuhlanganisa izithonjana, inguqulo, uhlobo lwefayela olucutshungulwayo, uhlobo lwezinhlelo ze-URL uhlelo oludinga ukuzazi ukuze lucubungule uhlelo lokusebenza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ulwazi 'lwendawo yokulondoloza emaphakathi' kusizindalwazi samasevisi Wesithonjana kanye Nezinsizakalo Zokuqalisa. Ukuze kusekelwe ukusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza 'ziyatholwa' ezindaweni 'ezaziwa kakhulu' ezimbalwa: isistimu kanye nezinhla zemibhalo zezicelo zomsebenzisi, kanti ezinye ezinye ngokuzenzakalelayo uma umsebenzisi ezulazulela ku-Finder ohlwini lwemibhalo oluqukethe uhlelo lokusebenza. Empeleni lokhu kusebenze kahle kakhulu.

https://youtu.be/qQsnqWJ8D2c
Iseshini ye-Apple WWDC 2000 144 - Mac OS X: izinhlelo zokusebenza zokupakisha kanye nemibhalo yokuphrinta.

Ayikho into efana nale ngqalasizinda kumadeskithophu e-Linux, ngakho-ke sifuna ama-workaround azungeze imikhawulo yesakhiwo kuphrojekthi ye-AppImage.

Ingabe u-Haiku uyeza ezosindisa?

Futhi enye into: Amapulatifomu e-Linux njengesisekelo sezindawo zedeskithophu avame ukungacacisi kangangoba izinto eziningi ezilula ohlelweni olugcwele lwesitaki ezigcwele zihlukene ngokucasulayo futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi ku-Linux. Nginikele ngombiko wonke ezindabeni ezihlobene nenkundla ye-Linux yezindawo zedeskithophu (abathuthukisi abanolwazi baqinisekisile ukuthi yonke into izohlala inje isikhathi eside kakhulu).

Umbiko wami ngezinkinga zezindawo zedeskithophu ye-Linux ngo-2018

Ngisho noLinus Torvalds uvumile ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa ingakho umbono wendawo yokusebenza wehlulekile.

Ngiyajabula ukubona i-Haiku!

I-Haiku yenza yonke into ibe lula ngendlela emangalisayo

Nakuba indlela engenangqondo "yokuthutha" i-AppImage eya ku-Haiku iwukuvele uzame ukwakha (ikakhulukazi i-runtime.c kanye nesevisi) izingxenye zayo (okungenzeka futhi kwenzeke!), lokhu ngeke kunikeze inzuzo enkulu ku-Haiku. Ngoba empeleni, eziningi zalezi zinkinga zixazululwa ku-Haiku futhi zizwakala kahle. I-Haiku ihlinzeka ngqo ngamabhulokhi wokwakha ingqalasizinda yesistimu ebekade ngiwafuna ezindaweni zedeskithophu ye-Linux isikhathi eside futhi angikholwanga ukuthi abekho. Okungukuthi:

Uyakholwa noma ungakholwa, lena into abasebenzisi abaningi be-Linux abangakwazi ukuyinqoba. Ku-Haiku konke kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo!

• Amafayela e-ELF angenayo ibhithi esebenzisekayo ayithola ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho echofozwa kabili kumphathi wefayela.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zingaba nezinsiza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, njengezithonjana, ezivezwa kumphathi wefayela. Asikho isidingo sokukopisha inqwaba yezithombe kuzinkhombandlela ezikhethekile ezinezithonjana, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuzihlanza ngemva kokususa noma ukuhambisa uhlelo lokusebenza.
• Kukhona isizindalwazi sokuxhumanisa izinhlelo zokusebenza nemibhalo, asikho isidingo sokukopisha noma yimaphi amafayela alokhu.
• Ku-lib/ directory eduze kwefayela elisebenzisekayo, imitapo yolwazi iseshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Azikho izindawo eziningi zokusabalalisa kanye nedeskithophu; noma yini esebenzayo, isebenza yonke indawo.
• Ayikho imojuli ehlukile engasetshenziswa ehlukile kuhla lwemibhalo Yezinhlelo Zokusebenza.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza azinazo izindlela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi eziphelele ezisetshenziswa zazo; zinemisebenzi ekhethekile yokunquma indawo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
• Umbono wezithombe zesistimu yefayela ezicindezelwe wethuliwe: lena yinoma iyiphi iphakheji ye-hpkg. Zonke zifakwe yi-kernel.
• Ifayela ngalinye livulwa uhlelo lokusebenza oludalile, ngaphandle uma usho ngokusobala okuhlukile. Kuhle kanjani lokhu!

Amafayela we-png amabili. Qaphela izithonjana ezihlukene ezibonisa ukuthi zizovulwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene uma uchofozwa kabili. Futhi qaphela imenyu yokudonsela phansi ethi "Vula nge:" lapho umsebenzisi angakhetha khona uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa. Yeka indlela elula!

Kubukeka sengathi izinduku eziningi kanye nama-workaround adingwa yi-AppImage ku-Linux angenasidingo ku-Haiku, enobulula nobunkimbinkimbi emnyombweni wayo oyenza iphathe iningi lezidingo zethu.

Ingabe i-Haiku idinga amaphakheji ohlelo lokusebenza ngemva kwakho konke?

Lokhu kuholela embuzweni omkhulu. Ukube bekuwumyalelo wobukhulu kulula ukwenza uhlelo olufana ne-AppImage ku-Haiku kunase-Linux, bekungaba kuhle ukwenza lokho? Noma ingabe i-Haiku, nesistimu yayo yephakheji ye-hpkg, isiqede ngempumelelo isidingo sokuthuthukisa umbono onjalo? Hhayi-ke, ukuze siphendule sidinga ukubheka isisusa se-AppImages.

Umbono womsebenzisi

Ake sibheke umsebenzisi wethu wokugcina:

• Ngifuna ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza ngaphandle kokucela iphasiwedi yomlawuli (impande). Awukho umqondo womlawuli ku-Haiku, umsebenzisi unokulawula okugcwele njengoba kuwuhlelo lomuntu siqu! (Eqinisweni, ungacabanga lokhu kumodi yabadlali abaningi, ngithemba ukuthi onjiniyela bakugcina kulula)
• Ngifuna ukuthola izinguqulo zakamuva nezinkulu kakhulu zezinhlelo zokusebenza, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi zivele ekusabalaliseni kwami ​​(isikhathi esiningi lokhu kusho ukuthi “angisoze”, okungenani ngaphandle kokuthi ngibuyekeze lonke uhlelo lokusebenza). Ku-Haiku lokhu "kuxazululiwe" ngokukhishwa okuntantayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola izinguqulo zakamuva nezinkulu kakhulu zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa ukuze wenze lokhu udinga ukubuyekeza njalo lonke uhlelo, uluguqule ngempumelelo lube “ithagethi ehambayo”.
• Ngifuna izinguqulo eziningana zesicelo esifanayo eceleni, njengoba ingekho indlela yokwazi ukuthi yini ephukile enguqulweni yakamuva, noma, ngithi, mina, njengomthuthukisi wewebhu, ngidinga ukuhlola umsebenzi wami ngaphansi kwezinguqulo ezahlukene zesiphequluli. I-Haiku ixazulula inkinga yokuqala, kodwa hhayi eyesibili. Izibuyekezo zibuyiselwa emuva, kodwa kulo lonke uhlelo kuphela; akunakwenzeka (ngokwazi kwami) ukusebenzisa, isibonelo, izinguqulo ezimbalwa zeWebPositive noma i-LibreOffice ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Omunye wabathuthukisi uyabhala:

Isizathu salokhu: ukusetshenziswa kwecala kuyivelakancane kangangokuthi ukulungiselelwa akuwenzi umqondo; ukuyiphatha njengendaba ekhethekile e-HaikuPorts kubonakala kungaphezu kokwamukeleka.

• Ngidinga ukugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ngizithanda khona, hhayi kudrayivu yami yokuqala. Ngivame ukuphelelwa isikhala sediski, ngakho-ke ngidinga ukuxhuma idrayivu yangaphandle noma umkhombandlela wenethiwekhi ukuze ngigcine izinhlelo zokusebenza (zonke izinguqulo engizilandile). Uma ngixhuma idrayivu enjalo, ngidinga izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi ziqaliswe ngokuchofoza kabili. I-Haiku ilondoloza izinguqulo ezindala zamaphakheji, kodwa angazi ukuthi ngiwahambisa kanjani kudrayivu yangaphandle, noma ukuthi ungaziqalisa kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza kusukela lapho kamuva.

Amazwana kanjiniyela:

Ngobuchwepheshe, lokhu sekungenzeka kakade ngomyalo wokukhweza. Yebo, sizokwenza i-GUI yalokhu ngokushesha nje uma sinabasebenzisi abanentshisekelo abanele.

• Angidingi izigidi zamafayela asabalele ohlelweni lwefayela engingakwazi ukuzilawula ngokwami. Ngifuna ifayela elilodwa ngohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye engingakwazi ukulilanda, ukuhambisa, ukususa. Ku-Haiku le nkinga ixazululwa ngokusebenzisa amaphakheji .hpkg, okudlulisa, isibonelo, i-python, kusuka ezinkulungwaneni zamafayela kuya kwelinye. Kodwa uma kukhona, isibonelo, i-Scribus esebenzisa i-python, khona-ke kufanele ngibhekane namafayela okungenani amabili. Futhi kufanele nginakekele ukugcina izinguqulo zazo ezisebenzisanayo.

Izinguqulo eziningi ze-AppImages ezisebenza ngapha nangapha ku-Linux efanayo

Umbono wonjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza

Ake sibheke ngokombono womthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza:

• Ngifuna ukulawula konke ukuzizwisa komsebenzisi. Angifuni ukuncika ohlelweni lokusebenza ukuthi lungitshele ukuthi kufanele ngizikhiphe nini futhi kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza. I-Haiku ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenze nezindawo zabo zokugcina ze-hpkg, kodwa lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi kuzodingeka bawamise ngesandla, okwenza umqondo "ungathandeki."
• Nginekhasi lokulanda kuwebhusayithi yami lapho ngisakaza khona .exe kweWindows, .dmg ye-Mac kanye .AppImage kwe-Linux. Noma mhlawumbe ngifuna ukwenza imali ukufinyelela kuleli khasi, kungenzeka noma yini? Yini okufanele ngiyibeke lapho ku-Haiku? Ifayela lanele .hpkg ngokuncika kuphela kusuka e-HaikuPorts
• Isofthiwe yami idinga izinguqulo ezithile zezinye isofthiwe. Isibonelo, kuyaziwa ukuthi i-Krita idinga inguqulo epeshisiwe ye-Qt, noma i-Qt ecushwe kahle ibe yinguqulo ethile ye-Krita, okungenani kuze kube yilapho iziqephu ziphindiselwa emuva ku-Qt. Ungakwazi ukupakisha i-Qt yakho yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kuphakheji .hpkg, kodwa cishe lokhu akwamukelekile.

Ikhasi lokulanda lohlelo lokusebenza elijwayelekile. Yini okufanele ngiyithumele lapha nge-Haiku?

Ingabe izinqwaba (ezikhona njengezinkhombandlela zohlelo lokusebenza njenge-AppDir noma .app ngesitayela se-Apple) kanye/noma izithombe (ngesimo se-AppImages elungiswe kakhulu noma .dmg kusuka ku-Apple) usebenzisa isengezo esiwusizo endaweni yedeskithophu ye-Haiku? Noma ingabe izonciphisa sonke isithombe futhi iholele ekuhlukaneni, ngakho-ke yengeze inkimbinkimbi? Ngidabukile: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuhle nobunkimbinkimbi be-Haiku busekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ngokuvamile kunendlela eyodwa yokwenza okuthile, kunokuba eziningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingqalasizinda eminingi yamakhathalogi kanye/noma amasudi ohlelo lokusebenza isivele ikhona, ngakho uhlelo lukhalela ukuthi amaphesenti ambalwa asele ukuthi angene endaweni yawo.

Ngokusho kukanjiniyela Mnu. i-waddlesplash

Ku-Linux bona (izinhlu nezinsiza zohlelo lokusebenza, - cishe. umhumushi) cishe ziyisixazululo sezobuchwepheshe ezinkingeni zesistimu. Kwa-Haiku sithanda ukumane sixazulule izinkinga zesistimu.

UCABANGANI?

Ngaphambi kokuthi uphendule...

Ima, asenze ukuhlola okungokoqobo okusheshayo: empeleni izinkomba zohlelo lokusebenza - kakade ingxenye ye-Haiku:

Izinkomba zohlelo lokusebenza sezivele zikhona ku-Haiku, kodwa azikasekelwa kusiphathi sefayela

Azisekelwa kahle nje, yithi, i-Macintosh Finder. Bekungaba kuhle kangakanani uma uhla lwemibhalo lwe-QtCreator lunegama nesithonjana esithi "QtCreator" ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele, yethula uhlelo lokusebenza uma ichofozwe kabili?

Kancane kancane sengivele kubuza:

Ingabe uqinisekile ukuthi ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezineminyaka eyishumi ubudala namuhla lapho zonke izitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza namakhosombe okusabalalisa sezikhohliwe ngazo nokuncika kwazo? Ingabe uyaqiniseka ukuthi usazokwazi ukufinyelela umsebenzi wakho wamanje esikhathini esizayo?

Ingabe ikhona kakade impendulo evela ku-Haiku, noma ingabe ikhathalogi nezinqwaba zohlelo lokusebenza zingasiza lapha? Ngicabanga ukuthi bangakwazi.

Ngokusho kukaMnu. i-waddlesplash:

Yebo, sinempendulo yombuzo: sizomane sisekele lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka kuze kube yilapho othile ekwazi ukufunda amafomethi wefayela lakhe ngendlela efanele noma anikeze ukusebenza komuntu ngamunye. Ukuzibophezela kwethu ekusekeleni izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-BeOS R5 ku-Haiku kuwubufakazi balokhu...

Lokho kuqinisekile!

Iyiphi inkambo okufanele i-Haiku ithathe?

Ngingacabanga ukuhlalisana ngokuthula kwe-hpkg, izinkomba nemifanekiso yohlelo lokusebenza:

• Isoftware yesistimu isebenzisa .hpkg
• Ngesofthiwe esetshenziswa kakhulu (ikakhulukazi leyo edinga ukuhlela ukukhishwa okuphumayo), sebenzisa .hpkg (cishe ama-80% azo zonke izimo)
• Ezinye zifakwe nge .hpkg, izinhlelo zokusebenza zizozuza ngokuthuthela kungqalasizinda yohlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza (isb. QtCreator): zizosatshalaliswa njenge .hpkg, njengakuqala.

Mnu. waddlesplash uyabhala:

Uma okudingayo nje ukubuka izinhlelo zokusebenza ku /system/apps, esikhundleni salokho kufanele senze izinkomba ku-Deskbar zilawuleke kakhudlwana kubasebenzisi, kusukela /system/apps akuhloselwe ukuvulwa nokubukwa njalo ngabasebenzisi (ngokungafani ne-MacOS). Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-Haiku ine-paradigm ehlukile, kodwa le nketho, ngokombono, iyamukeleka.

• I-Haiku ithola ingqalasizinda yokusebenzisa izithombe zohlelo lokusebenza, ukwakhiwa kwasebusuku, okuqhubekayo nokuhlola kwesofthiwe, kanye namacala lapho umsebenzisi efuna "ukuyifriza ngesikhathi", isofthiwe yangasese neyangaphakathi, nezinye izimo zokusebenzisa okukhethekile (cishe u-20% yazo zonke). Lezi zithombe ziqukethe amafayela adingekayo ukuze usebenzise uhlelo .hpkg, efakwe uhlelo, futhi ngemva kokuqedwa kwesicelo - kwehlisiwe. (Mhlawumbe umphathi wefayela angabeka amafayela .hpkg ezithombeni zohlelo lokusebenza, ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngesicelo somsebenzisi - kuhle, njengalapho uhudula uhlelo kunkomba yenethiwekhi noma idrayivu yangaphandle. Ingoma nje! Noma kunalokho, izinkondlo - haiku.) Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umsebenzisi angase afune ukufaka okuqukethwe kwesithombe ngendlela yamafayela..hpkg, ngemva kwalokho zizobuyekezwa futhi zicutshungulwe ngendlela efanayo nokuthi zifakwe nge-HaikuDepot... Sidinga ukucabanga).

Ingcaphuno evela kuMnu. i-waddlesplash:

Ukuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza kusuka kumadrayivu angaphandle noma uhla lwemibhalo lwenethiwekhi kungase kube usizo. Futhi ukwengeza amandla okumisa "izindawo" eziningi ze-pkgman kungaba isici esihle.

Uhlelo olunjalo lungasebenzisa i-hpkg, izinkomba, nezithombe zohlelo lokusebenza. Bahle ngabanye, kodwa ndawonye bayoba abangenakunqotshwa.

isiphetho

I-Haiku inohlaka oluhlinzeka ngolwazi olulula noluyinkimbinkimbi lomsebenzisi lwe-PC, futhi ludlulela ngalé kwalokho okuvamile okuhlinzekwa nge-Linux PC. Isistimu yephakheji .hpkg isibonelo esisodwa esinjalo, kodwa lonke uhlelo nalo lugcwele ubunkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, i-Haiku izozuza kumkhombandlela ofanele kanye nokusekelwa kwesithombe sohlelo lokusebenza. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu kuwufanele ukuxoxa nabantu abazi i-Haiku, ifilosofi yayo kanye nezakhiwo zayo ezingcono kakhulu kunami. Phela, bengilokhu ngisebenzisa i-Haiku isikhathi esingaphezudlwana kwesonto. Noma kunjalo, ngikholwa ukuthi abaklami be-Haiku, abathuthukisi, nabadwebi bezakhiwo bazozuza kulo mbono omusha. Okungenani, ngingajabula ukuba “umlingani wabo onganakekeli.” Ngineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yokuhlangenwe nakho kokusebenza ngamakhathalogi nezinqwaba zohlelo lwe-Linux, futhi ngingathanda ukuzitholela ukusetshenziswa e-Haiku, engicabanga ukuthi zilingana kahle kakhulu nazo. Izixazululo ezingaba khona engizihlongozile akuzona neze kuphela ezilungile ezinkingeni engizichazile, futhi uma ithimba le-Haiku linquma ukuthola ezinye, ezinhle kakhulu, ngikulungele. Ngokuyisisekelo, sengivele ngicabanga ngombono wendlela yokwenza isistimu hpkg okumangalisa nakakhulu ngaphandle kokushintsha indlela esebenza ngayo. Kuvele ukuthi ithimba le-Haiku belilokhu licabanga ngezinqwaba zohlelo lokusebenza isikhathi eside lapho lisebenzisa uhlelo lokuphatha iphakheji, kodwa ngeshwa (ngicabanga ukuthi) umbono waba "uphelelwe yisikhathi". Mhlawumbe sekuyisikhathi sokuyivuselela?

Zizame wena! Ngemuva kwakho konke, iphrojekthi ye-Haiku ihlinzeka ngezithombe zokuqalisa kusuka ku-DVD noma i-USB, eyenziwe Ежедневно.
Ingabe unemibuzo? Sikumema kwabakhuluma isiRashiya isiteshi sethelegramu.

Ukubuka konke kwephutha: Ungazidubula kanjani onyaweni ku-C no-C++. Iqoqo leresiphi ye-Haiku OS

Kusuka ku umbhali translation: lesi isihloko sesishiyagalombili nesokugcina ochungechungeni olumayelana ne-Haiku.

Uhlu lwama-athikili: Okokuqala Owesibili Okwesithathu Okwesine Okwesihlanu Isithupha Okwesikhombisa

Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. Ngena ngemvume, wamukelekile.

Ingabe kunengqondo ukufaka uhlelo lwe-hpkg ku-Linux?

• Yebo

• No

• Sesenziwe kakade, ngizobhala kumazwana

Bangu-20 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-5 bagobile.

Source: www.habr.com