Sonke sazi kahle ukuthi ingakanani impilo eshintshile emadolobheni anezigidi nangaphezulu eminyakeni yakamuva mayelana nengqalasizinda. Ithimba lethu ku-LANIT-Integration lisebenza kakhulu kumaphrojekthi edolobha ahlakaniphile. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sithanda ukuchaza kafushane ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezenzeke enhlokodolobha mayelana nokwakhiwa kwedolobha elihlakaniphile, futhi siqhathanise idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eRussia, eMoscow, namanye amadolobha amakhulu emhlabeni, lapho kusetshenziswa khona ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile. ngokushesha nje, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokushesha nakakhulu.
Amadolobha ahlakaniphile ayakhula. Izinsizakalo zesimanje zivela emadolobheni aklanywe ngokukhethekile, njengeMasdar (idolobha lekusasa elingenazo izimoto) noma i-eco-technological Tianjin eyakhiwe yiChina neSingapore, nasezindaweni ezinkulu zedolobha elikhulu, ngokwesibonelo, eMoscow ( ibeka ngokulingana neSingapore, iHong Kong neNew York). Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, izinsizakalo zedolobha elihlakaniphile zizoletha cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2020 ngo-400. , okungabizwa ngokuphephile ngokuthi isikhuthazo esengeziwe sokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda emadolobheni amakhulu anamuhla.
Kodwa ake sibuyele enhloko-dolobha yethu (phela, iningi labantu baseRussia livakashele eMoscow, ngokungafani neNew York noma iMexico City). Eminyakeni engu-15 edlule, iMoscow ibone izinhlangothi eziningi ezintsha, "ezihlakaniphile", futhi iqhudelana ngempumelelo nezihloko eziningi zomhlaba ngokwezinga lokungena kobuchwepheshe besimanje. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi ashisayo angavalwa eMoscow izinsuku ezingu-10.
Kodwa-ke, i-Moscow iqhelelene namadolobha afana ne-Tokyo noma i-Delhi ngokwenani labantu, futhi obunye bobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile obumangalisayo amanye amadolobha amaningi emhlabeni wonke obungakafinyeleli kithi. Ngakho, ngojenene ophakeme I-Moscow isalele ngemuva kwe-Toronto ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda ebonakalayo, iTokyo ekuhlomiseni amakhaya ahlakaniphile, iSydney ku-digitalization yezokuvakasha, ne-New York ngokwezinga lentuthuko yomnotho wedijithali. Kodwa idolobha elihlakaniphile alilona ngisho izwe, kodwa i-vector yentuthuko. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu izibonelo zangempela zokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile emadolobheni ahamba phambili ezilinganisweni.
ezokuthutha
Ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha ingesinye sezigaba ezinzima kakhulu ekuqalisweni komqondo wedolobha elihlakaniphile. Ukuminyana kwemigwaqo nemigwaqo emikhulu kuphoqa idolobha elikhulu ukuthi linikeze amathuba amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka okunyakaza kwabantu, kanye nokudala izinsiza ezizosiza ukuhlela uhambo futhi, vele, ukuzikhokhela.
Isibonelo, eSingapore, lapho ukuba nemoto ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu, kulabo abanquma ukusebenzisa izinto zomuntu siqu, izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu zenziwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amarobhothi ahlakaniphile ahlala ehlaziya ukugeleza kwethrafikhi futhi ashintshe isikhathi sesiginali esiluhlaza ukuze uthole izikhombisi-ndlela ezihlukene kuye ngokuminyana kokugeleza kwethrafikhi. I-Shanghai isebenzisa izindawo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile ezinezinzwa ze-geomagnetic ezibhalisa inombolo yezimoto ezisele futhi zikuvumela ukuthi uthole izikhala zamahhala ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula.
. E-Singapore, izimali eziningi zabelwe amaphrojekthi okuphepha komphakathi.
Ukuze uqhathanise, izikhombisi-ndlela ezintsha ezimbalwa ziyathuthukiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa eMoscow ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yezokuthutha. Ngakho-ke, namuhla imakethe yokwabelana ngemoto yaseMoscow i . Ngokuqondene nokuhamba ngebhayisikili eco-friendly, inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia namanje isendaweni ye-11 emhlabeni, kodwa lokhu sekuyimpumelelo, ngoba emuva ngo-2010 kwakungekho izimo zabagibeli bamabhayisikili enhloko-dolobha yethu. Phakathi kuka-2011 no-2018, ubude bemizila yamabhayisikili bukhuphuke ngokuphindwe kasishiyagalolunye, futhi kusho ukwanda okwengeziwe.
Ukuze kugwenywe isilingo sokupaka unomphela, izindawo ezithile eLondon, eTokyo, eSΓ£o Paulo naseDolobheni laseMexico ziye zafaka izikhathi zokupaka ezimaphakathi nedolobha ezingenakweqiwa. E-Moscow, inkinga ye-traffic jams enkabeni yedolobha yaxazululwa ngo-2013 ngosizo lwendawo yokupaka yaseMoscow, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isevisi yokuqala yokwabelana ngemoto, Noma kunini, yavela. Ukukhula okukhulu kokwabelana ngezimoto eMoscow kwenzeka ekwindla ka-2015, lapho kwethulwa iphrojekthi yaseMoscow Carsharing. Izinkampani eziqashisa ngezimoto zikwazile ukuthenga izimvume zokupaka ezikhethwayo enhlokodolobha. ekwindla ka-2018, imoto eyodwa yokwabelana ngezimoto yabalelwa ku-1082 Muscovites ngohlelo olwengeziwe lweziphathimandla ukufinyelela isilinganiso se-1 kuya ku-500 abahlali. Nokho, akuzona zonke izinto eziba mnandi kangako eqinisweni. Amasistimu amasha okulawula isikhathi sokupaka kwe-Street Falcon ngezikhathi ezithile akhipha izinhlawulo eziyiphutha ezimotweni, , kanye nezinsizakalo zokwabelana ngezimoto zedolobha elikhulu ngezinye izikhathi zinikeza abaqashi .
Kodwa kukhona nezindaba ezinhle,, IMoscow isendaweni yesibili ngokwezinga lokugunyazwa kwenethiwekhi yomgwaqo ngemuva kweBeijing futhi iyaqhubeka nokwakha imigwaqo. Futhi iziphathimandla zaseSeoul, ngaphezu kokwakha imigwaqo emikhulu emisha, ziphinde zanquma ukwethula imigwaqo ekhokhelwayo ngaphakathi kwedolobha ukuze abashayeli bakwazi ukufika ngokushesha endaweni efanele, bakhokhe imali yokugibela ngokwebanga.
Ukuxhumana nezokuxhumana
Ngokusho , ngo-2018 umholi womhlaba ngenani lezindawo ze-Wi-Fi zamahhala yi-Singapore. Zingaphezu kuka-20 izindawo zokufinyelela zenethiwekhi ezingenantambo ezitshaliwe kuleli zwe ledolobha. Endaweni yesibili kukhona iSeoul enezindawo eziyizi-000, kanti indawo yesithathu yayiswa eMoscow, enezindawo eziyizi-8678 ezifakiwe futhi enenani eliphakeme kakhulu ledatha kumanethiwekhi eselula, futhi isibalo sezindawo ze-Wi-Fi sikhula njalo.
Abahlaziyi be-PWC bakholelwa ukuthi ngo-2018 inhloko-dolobha yethu yadlula ngisho neNew York, London, Tokyo ngokwenani lezindawo zamahhala ze-Wi-Fi futhi yangena kubaholi bomhlaba abathathu abaphezulu, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka neSeoul, ekleliswe endaweni yesibili emhlabeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingqalasizinda ye-Wi-Fi ethuthukisiwe kwezokuthutha ayisizi kuphela izakhamuzi zedolobha, kodwa futhi nezivakashi. Ngakho-ke, i-inthanethi engenantambo esheshayo nemahhala esitimeleni esingaphansi komhlaba naku-aeroexpress kanye nokuba khona kwe-Wi-Fi emapaki, ezinkundleni zemidlalo nasezindaweni zomphakathi.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwamanye amadolobha ekuhleleni ingqalasizinda yokufinyelela ku-inthanethi nakho kuyathakazelisa. Isibonelo, eDolobheni laseMexico, iphrojekthi ibilokhu iqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngaphakathi kohlaka lapho kwakhiwa indawo ye-Wi-Fi ... Google. Ukubandakanyeka kwenkampani yezohwebo kuvunyelwe ukwandisa kakhulu ukwanda kwenani lezindawo zokufinyelela, ekudalweni lapho uhulumeni engenazo izimali.
. IMexico City iphakathi kwamadolobha anamazinga okutholwa ahlakaniphile angaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-30 (McKinsey).
Ukuxhumana nohulumeni
I-Mobility nakanjani iyithrendi yamadolobha ahlakaniphile anamuhla, ngakho-ke inombolo nekhwalithi yezinhlelo zokusebenza noma ubani angazisebenzisa idlala indima enkulu. Ngakho, , phakathi kwabaholi abasesigabeni sokuthuthukisa ezokuxhumana phakathi kukahulumeni nezakhamuzi kukhona iNew York, iLos Angeles neSan Francisco emazweni aseMelika, iSeoul, iSingapore neShenzhen e-Asia, neLondon neMoscow eYurophu.
Isevisi yeselula edume kakhulu eMoscow ingabhekwa njengesicelo se-Active Citizen, okuyinkundla ye-elekthronikhi yokubamba ama-referendum ngendlela esebenzisanayo. Ngokusebenzisa "Isakhamuzi Esisebenzayo" zonke izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwedolobha kanye nezifunda zalo ngazinye ziyaxazululwa.
Iphrojekthi ethi "Idolobha Lethu" isibe uhlobo lokwengeza ku-"Sakhamuzi Esisebenzayo" futhi iyincwadi yezikhalazo - indlela yokuxhumana nezikhulu zedolobha futhi uthole impendulo. Zonke lezi zinsizakalo zisebenza ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula.
Ngosizo lweSakhamuzi Esikhuthele, iziphathimandla ziqoqa imibono eyizinkulungwane ezingu-200-300 endabeni ngayinye ebalulekile, futhi iDolobha Lethu licubungula izikhalazo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-25 isonto ngalinye, ngasinye sazo esithatha isilinganiso sezinsuku ezine ukuzixazulula. Ukusebenza kwalezi zinsizakalo kube isizathu sebenzisa indlela efanayo yokwenza idijithali ezifundeni.
Ukuphepha nokugadwa kwevidiyo
Ngokwandisa isivinini samanethiwekhi, uhlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo luthuthuka emhlabeni wonke, futhi hhayi kuphela inani lamakhamera elikhulayo, kodwa futhi izinga lomsebenzi wezikhungo zokuhlaziya, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokuqashelwa kobuso. Amakhamera asetshenziswa amaphoyisa kanye nezinkonzo zedolobha, futhi muva nje asetshenziswa nezikhonzi zenkantolo.
Ekuqaleni kuka-March, 2019 esikhungweni sokugcinwa kwedatha okufanayo kanye nesikhungo sokucubungula saseMoscow lapho ubuchwepheshe bokubona ubuso sebuvele senziwe, . Izindawo zokugada amavidiyo angu-100 zitholakala ezindaweni zokungena, ezingu-20 zazitholakala emagcekeni nasezindaweni eziseduze. Ezinye zisemigwaqweni nasezindaweni ezihamba ngaphansi komhlaba.
Kodwa idolobha lethu linento okumele likuphokophelele. Ngokwesibonelo, iBeijing (izigidi ezingu-22) inamakhamera acishe abe ngu-500 9, kuyilapho iLondon (izigidi ezingu-XNUMX) inamakhamera acishe abe ngu-XNUMX XNUMX. kuya ku-400 ezinkulungwane. Manje, ngenxa yamakhamera aqaphayo aqashelwa ubuso, amaphoyisa aseMoscow . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi enhlokodolobha kusukela ngo-2017 , esiza ukuthola amaphekula nezigebengu esitimeleni esingaphansi komhlaba. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ubuso ngokunemba okungafika ku-80% kusizindalwazi sezithombe ezifika ezigidini ezingu-500, futhi uma sikhuluma ngokusesha inani elincane labantu (okungukuthi, kusizindalwazi sezithombe ezifika ku-1000), umphumela uzoqinisekiswa ku-97%. Uhlelo lungathola futhi luqhathanise izithombe ezivela kukhamera enamasampula obuso bebhiliyoni ngemizuzwana engu-0,5 nje, ngakho-ke, ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari 2019, kwasungulwa iphrojekthi enhlokodolobha ukuze kutholwe abakweletwayo ababefunwa emfudlaneni, ikakhulukazi, ukugwema ukukhokhelwa kwesondlo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-algorithms obuhlakani bokwenziwa kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwamadolobha. Isibonelo, ososayensi abavela emanyuvesi aseNdiya nase-UK , ebona ngempumelelo abantu ngisho nangobuso obuvaleke kancane. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, umshini ukwazile ukubona u-67% wabantu ababefaka isikhafu ebusweni babo, bafaka intshebe noma ngandlela-thile bashintsha ukubukeka kwabo.
Ama-algorithms esimanje wokuqaphela anikeza amathuba akhethekile okuhlaziya isimo emigwaqweni. Ngokwesibonelo, e-China iminyaka eminingana ezindaweni zomphakathi. Uhlelo lunquma ubulili neminyaka, umbala kanye nohlobo lwezingubo, futhi lunikeza izici zemoto. Yonke le datha ivumela ukuhlaziywa okujulile kanye nokurekhoda, isibonelo, ukuhlushwa okukhulu okungavamile kwabesilisa abancane abagqoke izingubo ezimnyama.
. Ubuchwepheshe bokubona ubuso busiza ekutholeni izingane ezilahlekile noma asebekhulile. Izakhamizi zase-China zingasebenzisa ukuskena kobuso ukuthenga, ukukhokha, noma ukungena ezakhiweni.
Ngonyaka odlule, kwaqaliswa isinyathelo esithakazelisayo sokwandisa ububanzi bobuchwepheshe bokubhekwa kwevidiyo. . Amaphoyisa azokwazi ukufinyelela ngesikhathi sangempela kusuka ku-smartphone noma kudeskithophu yawo kuya kumakhamera angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-30 kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha yevidiyo efakwe edolobheni. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaphoyisa aseMoscow ukungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona ngokoqobo izibuko. Inzuzo yalobu buchwepheshe uma iqhathaniswa nokusebenza kuma-smartphone ukuthi isikhulu asidingi ukubonisana nedivayisi yaso ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuphi umuntu okungenzeka ukuthi uyisigebengu noma isigebengu. Izibuko zangempela ezingathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona zihlanganisa ukubuka komhlaba wangempela nemifanekiso eyengeziwe, ukuze iphoyisa livele libone ukuthi uhlelo lukhetha kanjani umuntu oyedwa noma ngaphezulu esixukwini.
. E-Chicago, amakhamera anencazelo ephezulu akhiwe ezibani zasemgwaqweni futhi asetshenziselwa ukunikeza ukuvikeleka ezindaweni eziminyene.
Kuzoqhubeka ...
E-Moscow, sibona isibonelo senhlanganisela yezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlela idolobha elihlakaniphile. Esihlokweni esilandelayo, sizokhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yokukhokha, izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kanye nezinsizakalo zedolobha, izikhungo zamaphasela, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nemfundo. Zonke lezi zici zedolobha elihlakaniphile zingaphansi kokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo futhi zifihla imininingwane eminingi ethakazelisayo.
Sibheke ithalente!
Source: www.habr.com