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Uhlolojikelele olufushane nokusethwa kwe-Kata Containers

Uhlolojikelele olufushane nokusethwa kwe-Kata Containers
Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuthi sisebenza kanjani Iziqukathi ze-Kata, futhi kuzoba nengxenye esebenzayo ngokuxhuma kwabo ku-Docker.

Mayelana nezinkinga ezijwayelekile nge-Docker nezixazululo zazo kakade kwabhalwa, namuhla ngizochaza kafushane ukuqaliswa okuvela ku-Kata Containers. I-Kata Containers isikhathi sokusebenza esivikelekile esisekelwe emishinini ebonakalayo engasindi. Ukusebenza nabo kufana nezinye iziqukathi, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okuthembekile kakhulu usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-hardware virtualization. Le phrojekthi yaqala ngo-2017, lapho umphakathi wegama elifanayo uqeda ukuhlanganiswa kwemibono engcono kakhulu evela ku-Intel Clear Containers kanye ne-Hyper.sh RunV, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kwaqhubeka umsebenzi wokusekelwa kwezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-AMD64, i-ARM, i-IBM p- kanye ne-z. -uchungechunge. Ukwengeza, umsebenzi usekelwa ngaphakathi kwe-hypervisors QEMU, i-Firecracker, futhi kukhona nokuhlanganiswa ne-container. Ikhodi iyatholakala ku GitHub ngaphansi kwelayisensi ye-MIT.

Izici Eziyinhloko

  • Ukusebenza ngomgogodla ohlukile, ngaleyo ndlela unikeze inethiwekhi, inkumbulo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-I / O, kungenzeka ukuphoqelela ukusetshenziswa kokuhlukaniswa kwehadiwe okusekelwe ezandisweni ze-virtualization.
  • Ukusekelwa kwamazinga omkhakha okuhlanganisa i-OCI (ifomethi yesiqukathi), i-Kubernetes CRI
  • Ukusebenza okungaguquguquki kweziqukathi ze-Linux ezijwayelekile, ukuhlukaniswa okukhuphukile ngaphandle kokusebenza okuphezulu kwama-VM avamile
  • Khipha isidingo sokusebenzisa iziqukathi ngaphakathi kwemishini ebonakalayo egcwele ngokugcwele, ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokwethulwa

setting

Zikhona eziningi izinketho zokufaka, ngizocabangela ukufaka kusuka kumakhosombe, ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Centos 7.
ezibalulekile: Umsebenzi we-Kata Containers usekelwa kuphela kuhadiwe, ukudlulisa okubonakalayo akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi badinga ukwesekwa kwe-sse4.1 kusuka kuphrosesa.

Ukufaka Iziqukathi zeKata kulula kakhulu:

Faka izinsiza zokusebenza namakhosombe:

# yum -y install yum-utils

Khubaza i-Selinux (ilunge kakhulu ukuyimisa, kodwa ukuze kube lula ngiyayikhubaza):

# setenforce 0
# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

Sixhuma indawo yokugcina bese sifaka

# source /etc/os-release
# ARCH=$(arch)
# BRANCH="${BRANCH:-stable-1.10}"
# yum-config-manager --add-repo "http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/katacontainers:/releases:/${ARCH}:/${BRANCH}/CentOS_${VERSION_ID}/home:katacontainers:releases:${ARCH}:${BRANCH}.repo"
# yum -y install kata-runtime kata-proxy kata-shim

Yenza ngokwezifiso

Ngizobe ngilungiselela ukusebenza nge-docker, ukufakwa kwayo kujwayelekile, ngeke ngikuchaze kabanzi:

# rpm -qa | grep docker
docker-ce-cli-19.03.6-3.el7.x86_64
docker-ce-19.03.6-3.el7.x86_64
# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.6, build 369ce74a3c

Senza izinguquko ku-daemon.json:

# cat <<EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "default-runtime": "kata-runtime",
  "runtimes": {
    "kata-runtime": {
      "path": "/usr/bin/kata-runtime"
    }
  }
}
EOF

Qala kabusha i-docker:

# service docker restart

Ukusebenza kokuhlolwa

Uma uqala isitsha ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha i-docker, ungabona ukuthi i-uname izonikeza inguqulo ye-kernel esebenza ohlelweni oluyinhloko:

# docker run busybox uname -a
Linux 19efd7188d06 3.10.0-1062.12.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Feb 4 23:02:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Ngemuva kokuqalisa kabusha, inguqulo ye-kernel ibukeka kanje:

# docker run busybox uname -a
Linux 9dd1f30fe9d4 4.19.86-5.container #1 SMP Sat Feb 22 01:53:14 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Amaqembu engeziwe!

# time docker run busybox mount
kataShared on / type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=666)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=65536k)
kataShared on /etc/resolv.conf type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
kataShared on /etc/hostname type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
kataShared on /etc/hosts type 9p (rw,dirsync,nodev,relatime,mmap,access=client,trans=virtio)
proc on /proc/bus type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/fs type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/irq type proc (ro,relatime)
proc on /proc/sys type proc (ro,relatime)
tmpfs on /proc/acpi type tmpfs (ro,relatime)
tmpfs on /proc/timer_list type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/firmware type tmpfs (ro,relatime)

real    0m2.381s
user    0m0.066s
sys 0m0.039s

# time docker run busybox free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1993          30        1962           0           1        1946
Swap:             0           0           0

real    0m3.297s
user    0m0.086s
sys 0m0.050s

Ukuhlolwa kokulayisha okusheshayo

Ukuhlola ukulahlekelwa okuvela ku-virtualization - ngisebenzisa i-sysbench, njengezibonelo eziyinhloko thatha le nketho.

Isebenzisa i-sysbench isebenzisa i-Docker+container

Ukuhlolwa kwephrosesa

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Prime numbers limit: 20000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

General statistics:
    total time:                          36.7335s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 36.7173s
    response time:
         min:                                  3.43ms
         avg:                                  3.67ms
         max:                                  8.34ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               3.79ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   36.7173/0.00

Ukuhlolwa kwe-RAM

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Operations performed: 104857600 (2172673.64 ops/sec)

102400.00 MiB transferred (2121.75 MiB/sec)

General statistics:
    total time:                          48.2620s
    total number of events:              104857600
    total time taken by event execution: 17.4161s
    response time:
         min:                                  0.00ms
         avg:                                  0.00ms
         max:                                  0.17ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               0.00ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           104857600.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   17.4161/0.00

Isebenzisa i-sysbench isebenzisa Iziqukathi ze-Docker+Kata

Ukuhlolwa kwephrosesa

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Prime numbers limit: 20000

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

General statistics:
    total time:                          36.5747s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 36.5594s
    response time:
         min:                                  3.43ms
         avg:                                  3.66ms
         max:                                  4.93ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               3.77ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   36.5594/0.00

Ukuhlolwa kwe-RAM

sysbench 1.0:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time

Initializing worker threads...

Threads started!

Operations performed: 104857600 (2450366.94 ops/sec)

102400.00 MiB transferred (2392.94 MiB/sec)

General statistics:
    total time:                          42.7926s
    total number of events:              104857600
    total time taken by event execution: 16.1512s
    response time:
         min:                                  0.00ms
         avg:                                  0.00ms
         max:                                  0.43ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               0.00ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           104857600.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   16.1512/0.00

Empeleni, isimo sesivele sicacile, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukuqhuba izivivinyo izikhathi eziningana, ukususa izinto ezingaphandle kanye nokulinganisa imiphumela, ngakho-ke angizenzi ezinye izivivinyo okwamanje.

okutholakele

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iziqukathi ezinjalo zithatha isikhathi esiphindwe kahlanu kuya kweziyishumi ukuze ziqale (isikhathi sokusebenza esivamile semiyalo efanayo uma usebenzisa i-container singaphansi kwengxenye yesithathu yomzuzwana), zisasebenza ngokushesha uma sithatha isikhathi sokuqala esiphelele (lapho. yizibonelo ezingenhla, imiyalo eyenziwa ngokwesilinganiso semizuzwana emithathu). Nokho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-CPU ne-RAM ibonisa cishe imiphumela efanayo, engakwazi kodwa ukujabula, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kunikezwa kusetshenziswa indlela eqhutshwa kahle njenge-kvm.

Isimemezelo

I-athikili iyisibuyekezo, kodwa ikunikeza ithuba lokuzwa esinye isikhathi sokusebenza. Izindawo eziningi zohlelo lokusebenza azihlanganisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, isiza sichaza amandla okusebenzisa i-Kubernetes ngaphezulu kwe-Kata Containers. Ukwengeza, ungaphinda wenze uchungechunge lokuhlola olugxile ekutholeni izinkinga zokuphepha, ukubeka imikhawulo, nezinye izinto ezithokozisayo.

Ngicela bonke labo abafunde baphinde baphinda lapha ukuthi babambe iqhaza ocwaningweni, okuzoncika kulo ukushicilelwa okuzayo ngalesi sihloko.

Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. Ngena ngemvume, wamukelekile.

Ingabe kufanele ngiqhubeke ngishicilela izindatshana ezimayelana neziqukathi zeKata?

  • 80,0%Yebo, bhala okwengeziwe!28

  • 20,0%Cha, unga…7

Bangu-35 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-7 bagobile.

Source: www.habr.com

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