Namuhla, izixazululo zokuhlola kanye ne-benchmarking blockchains zenzelwe i-blockchain ethile noma izimfoloko zayo. Kodwa futhi kunezixazululo eziningana ezijwayelekile ezihlukile ekusebenzeni: ezinye zazo ziyimiklamo yomthombo ovulekile, ezinye zinikezwa njenge-SaaS, kodwa eziningi ziyizixazululo zangaphakathi ezidalwe ithimba lokuthuthukiswa kwe-blockchain. Nokho, bonke baxazulula izinkinga ezifanayo. Kulesi sihloko, ngizame ukubukeza kafushane imikhiqizo eminingana eyenzelwe ngqo ukuhlola ama-blockchains.

Ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ye-blockchain kufana nokusebenza kwedatha esakazwayo, ngakho-ke amathuluzi afanayo nezindlela zingasetshenziswa ukuhlola. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi imininingwane egciniwe esabalalisiwe ihlolwa kanjani, bheka ukukhetha okuhle kwezinsiza nama-athikili kusuka lapha. Isibonelo, i-latency ihlelwa ibe yizicucu kulokhu isihloko, kanye nokuqonda ukuthi zibheka kanjani izimbungulu kuma-algorithms wokuphindaphinda, ngincoma ukuthi ufunde lokhu izihloko.

Ngizochaza izixazululo ezimbalwa ezithandwayo zokuhlola kanye nokulinganisa ama-blockchains. Ngingajabula uma kumazwana uchaza eminye imikhiqizo yesofthiwe ewusizo yokuxazulula izinkinga ezifanayo.

Ngizoqala ngethuluzi okuthi, nakuba lingadalelwanga ngokuqondile ama-blockchains, likuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwawo, inqobo nje uma kukhona inethiwekhi esebenzayo kakade ongazama kuyo. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ekuthembekeni kwesistimu esabalalisiwe yikhono lokuqhubeka nokusebenza uma kwenzeka kuba nezinkinga ngamaseva nenethiwekhi. Lokhu kungaba ukugoba kwenethiwekhi, ukugcwala kwediski, ukungatholakali kwezinsizakalo zangaphandle (i-DNS), ukwehluleka kwehadiwe kanye namakhulu ezinye izizathu. Ukuhlola ukuzinza kwanoma yiziphi izinhlelo ezisebenza ekhonsathini enanini elikhulu lemishini yesistimu, ungasebenzisa I-Gremlin. Isebenzisa indlela ephumelela kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-Chaos Engineering.

Isebenzisa i-ejenti yayo yenethiwekhi, i-Gremlin idala izinhlobo eziningi zezinkinga ngenani elidingekayo lemishini: ukugcwala kwenethiwekhi, ukugcwala ngokweqile kwanoma iyiphi insiza (i-CPU, idiski, inkumbulo, inethiwekhi), ikhubaza izivumelwano ezingazodwana, njll. Kuma-blockchains, i-Gremlin ingasetshenziswa kumaseva e-testnet, ilingise izinkinga zempilo yangempela kanye nokubheka ukuziphatha kwenethiwekhi. Ngayo, abathuthukisi nabaphathi bangabuka endaweni elawulwayo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma isistimu iphahlazeka noma lapho ikhodi ibuyekezwa. Kulesi simo, inethiwekhi kufanele ilungiselelwe futhi isetshenziswe kusenesikhathi, futhi ilungiselelwe ukuqoqa amamethrikhi adingekayo.

I-Gremlin iyithuluzi elilungele abaklami bezakhiwo, ama-devops kanye nochwepheshe bezokuphepha kanye nesixazululo sasemhlabeni wonke sokuhlola noma yiziphi izinhlelo esezilungile nezisebenzayo ezisabalalisiwe, okuhlanganisa nama-blockchains.

I-Hyperledger Caliper iyisixazululo esikhethekile kakhulu I-Hyperledger Caliper. Okwamanje, i-Caliper isekela ama-blockchain amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa - abameleli bomndeni wakwa-Hyperledger (Indwangu, i-Sawtooth, i-Iroha, i-Burrow, i-Besu), kanye ne-Ethereum kanye nenethiwekhi ye-FISCO BCOS.

Ukusebenzisa i-Caliper, ungasetha i-topology yenethiwekhi ye-blockchain nezinkontileka zokuhlola, futhi uchaze ukucushwa kwe-node. Ama-Blockchain node aphakanyiswa ezitsheni ze-docker emshinini owodwa. Okulandelayo, ungakhetha okudingekayo ukuhlola ukucushwa futhi uthole ifayela elinombiko wemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngemva kokwethulwa. Uhlu olugcwele lwamamethrikhi e-Caliper nendlela yokulinganisa ingatholakala lapha I-Hyperledger Blockchain Performance Metrics, lesi sihloko esihle uma unentshisekelo esihlokweni sokuma kwe-blockchain. Ungakwazi futhi ukusetha iqoqo lamamethrikhi ku-Prometheus/Grafana ehlukile.

I-Hyperledger Caliper iyithuluzi eliqondiswe kubathuthukisi nabakhi bohlelo, njengoba linikeza ukuphindaphinda kokuhlolwa kanye nokuzenzakalela kokuhlola kanye nokulinganisa. Isetshenziswa ekuthuthukisweni komnyombo wama-blockchains: ama-algorithms wokuvumelana, umshini obonakalayo wokucubungula izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, isendlalelo sontanga kanye nezinye izindlela zesistimu.

I-MixBytes Tank iyithuluzi elivele ohlelweni lokuthuthukisa ukuvumelana kanye ne-algorithms yokugcina yamanethiwekhi asekelwe ku-EOS kanye nama-parachains okuhlola asekelwe ku-Parity Substrate (Polkadot). Mayelana nokusebenza, iseduze ne-Hyperledger Caliper, njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe amamethrikhi abalulekile kumanodi anoma iyiphi isistimu esabalalisiwe kanye nemishini yeklayenti lapho imibhalo yokuhlola isebenza khona.

I-MixBytes Tank isebenzisa izinsiza eziningi zamafu (i-Digital Ocean, i-Google Cloud Engine, njll.), lapho ingethula khona izindawo eziningi, yenze izinqubo zokumisa, isebenzise amabhentshimakhi amaningana ngokufana emishinini ehlukene, iqoqe amamethrikhi adingekayo bese ivala ngokuzenzakalelayo inethiwekhi.

I-MixBytes Tank ikuvumela ukuthi wonge imali kumaseva wamafu ngokunciphisa ngokuzenzakalela izinsiza ezingadingekile ngemuva kokuhlolwa. Esinye isici esihlukile ukusetshenziswa kwephakheji ye-Molecule, evumela umthuthukisi ukuthi ahlole ukuthunyelwa kwe-blockchain oyifunayo endaweni.

I-MixBytes Tank ikuvumela ukuthi uthole kusenesikhathi izingqinamba namaphutha kuma-algorithms avela kumanethiwekhi wangempela anenani elikhulu lamaseva namakhasimende asakazwa ngokwendawo. I-tank izokusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuma-node uma amaklayenti ethumela ukuthengiselana nge-tps enikeziwe ezimweni eziphindaphindayo kakhulu kanye nenani langempela lama-node asakazwa kuwo wonke amazwekazi ahlukene, uma kunesidingo.

I-Whiteblock Genesis iyinkundla yokuhlola yama-blockchains asekelwe e-Ethereum. Leli thuluzi linomsebenzi obanzi impela: likuvumela ukuthi uqalise inethiwekhi, udale inombolo edingekayo yama-akhawunti kuyo, uphakamise inombolo edingekayo yamakhasimende, ulungise i-topology yenethiwekhi, ucacise imingcele yomkhawulokudonsa kanye nemingcele ye-packetloss bese uhlola.

I-Whiteblock Genesis inikeza izindawo zayo zokuhlola. Onjiniyela badinga nje ukucacisa amapharamitha wokuhlola, bawasebenzise usebenzisa i-API esenziwe ngomumo, futhi bathole imiphumela besebenzisa ideshibhodi elula.

I-Whiteblock Genesis ikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe okuzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalela kulo lonke ushintsho olubalulekile lwekhodi. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubambe amaphutha kusenesikhathi futhi uhlole ngokushesha umthelela wezinguquko kumapharamitha wenethiwekhi ebalulekile, njengesivinini sokuthengiselana kanye nezinsiza ezidliwe ama-node.

Madt

Omunye umkhiqizo omusha othokozisayo wokuhlola amasistimu asabalalisiwe ngu uhlanya. Ibhalwe nge-Python futhi ikuvumela ukuthi udale i-topology yenethiwekhi edingekayo kanye nenani elidingekayo lamaseva namakhasimende usebenzisa iskripthi sokumisa esilula (isibonelo). Ngemuva kwalokhu, isevisi isakaza inethiwekhi ezitsheni ezimbalwa ze-Docker futhi ivula isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu lapho ungabona khona imilayezo evela kumaseva namakhasimende enethiwekhi. I-Madt ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ama-blockchains - inqolobane yephrojekthi inokuhlolwa kwenethiwekhi ye-p2p okusekelwe ku-protocol ye-Kademlia, lapho ukubambezeleka kokuletha idatha kuma-node kukhula kancane kancane futhi isimo sale datha siyahlolwa.

I-Madt isanda kuvela, kodwa uma inikezwe ukwakheka kwayo okuguquguqukayo, ingathuthuka ibe umkhiqizo osebenzayo.

Ezinye izixazululo

Cishe noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwengxenye yesistimu ye-blockchains kudinga ukusebenzisa imibhalo yokuqala, ukulungiselela ama-akhawunti nemibandela yokuhlolwa (lokhu kungaba amaphutha okuhlola okuvumelana angakhiqiza amafoloko amaningi amaketanga, ukuhlola izimo zemfoloko eqinile, ukushintsha imingcele yesistimu, njll.). Konke lokhu kukhohlisa kwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile kuma-blockchain ahlukene, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthi amaqembu aguqule kancane kancane ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo kanye ne-benchmarking ku-CI/CD yangaphakathi futhi asebenzise intuthuko yawo, kancane kancane eba yinkimbinkimbi njengoba ukusebenza kwe-blockchain kukhula.

Noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ezenziwe ngomumo kunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlola kulawa maqembu, ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi le software izothuthukiswa ngenkuthalo eminyakeni ezayo.

isiphetho

Ukuphetha lesi sibuyekezo esifushane, ngizobhala izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zamathuluzi wokuhlola we-blockchain:

• Ikhono lokuthumela ngokuzenzakalelayo inethiwekhi ye-blockchain ngaphansi kwezimo eziphindaphindiwe. Lesi sici sibalulekile lapho kuthuthukiswa izingxenye zesistimu ye-blockchains: ama-algorithms wokuvumelana, isiphetho, izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile zesistimu.
• Izindleko zokuba ngumnikazi wesistimu, izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Lesi sici sihlinzeka iphrojekthi ngezivivinyo zekhwalithi ephezulu ngemali encane.
• Ukuvumelana nezimo nokuba lula kokucushwa kokuhlolwa. Lesi sici sikhulisa amathuba okuhlonza izinkinga zesistimu - mancane amathuba okuthi uphuthelwe okuthile okubalulekile.
• Ukwenza ngokwezifiso izinhlobo ezithile zama-blockchains. Ukuthuthukisa isixazululo ngokusekelwe kwesikhona kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga futhi kunciphise izindleko zesikhathi.
• Ukuba lula nokufinyeleleka kwemiphumela etholiwe kanye nohlobo lwayo (imibiko, amamethrikhi, amagrafu, amalogi, njll.). Lokhu kuyadingeka ngempela uma ufuna ukulandelela umlando wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, noma uma udinga ukuhlaziya okujulile kokuziphatha kwenethiwekhi ye-blockchain.

Inhlanhla ngokuhlolwa kwakho futhi kwangathi ama-blockchains akho angashesha futhi abekezelele amaphutha!

Source: www.habr.com