Inhloso eyinhloko yalesi sihloko ukujwayela labo abanesithakazelo esihlokweni semishini yokukhanyisa ngezixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswa abakhiqizi abangenangqondo abavela eMbusweni Ophakathi ukuze bathengise imikhiqizo yomgunyathi ekopisha imikhiqizo edumile. Lapha kuzovezwa umbono wami oqondile, njengomuntu ozibonele mathupha nemishini enjalo. Akufanele neze lesi sihloko sibhekwe njengomhlahlandlela wesenzo, ngakho-ke ngeke kube khona izixhumanisi kubahlinzeki nabathengisi. Wonke umuntu une-inthanethi futhi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa usesho akunzima.
Izindleko eziphakeme zezixazululo zangempela zibangelwa isifiso somkhiqizi sokunxephezela izindleko zabasebenzi zokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwamadivayisi akhethekile kakhulu angahloselwe izilaleli eziningi zabasebenzisi. Lesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi kunengqondo kangakanani kumsebenzisi odinga idivayisi esebenza kahle, kodwa ongakwazi ukuyikhokhela ngenxa yentengo ephezulu, ukuthi abheke enye indlela yekhophi eshibhile yedivayisi yoqobo.
Okokuqala, ngithanda ukukutshela ngezimiso eziyisisekelo zokuklama izakhiwo zokukhanyisa esiteji.
Kulabo abaziyo ukuthi iyini i-DMX512, ArtNet sACN, njll. le ngxenye ye-athikili ingashiywa.
Okuyisisekelo
Ngakho-ke, isisekelo salo lonke uhlelo lokulawula ukukhanya yi-protocol ye-DMX512.
Iphrothokholi ye-DMX512 yokudluliswa kwedatha yasungulwa ngo-1986 njengendlela yokulawula izibani ezihlakaniphile ezivela kumaphaneli okulawula ahlukahlukene (ikhonsoli) ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise amadivaysi okulawula ahlukahlukene nazo zonke izinhlobo zemishini yokugcina (ama-dimmers, ama-spotlights, izibani ze-strobe, imishini yokubhema, njll.) evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene. Isuselwe kusixhumi esibonakalayo esijwayelekile se-RS-485, esisetshenziselwa ukulawula ikhompuyutha yezilawuli zezimboni, amarobhothi nemishini ezishintshayo. Ukuze kudluliselwe idatha, ikhebula elinezintambo ezimbili ezixhunywe kwisihlangu esivamile lisetshenziswa.
Izinga le-DMX512 likuvumela ukuthi ulawule iziteshi ezingu-512 ngesikhathi esisodwa kulayini owodwa wokuxhumana (ngezinye izikhathi idivayisi eyodwa ingasebenzisa amashaneli ayishumi nambili). Amadivayisi amaningana anikwe amandla i-DMX512 asebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa akuvumela ukuthi udale amaphethini okukhanyisa nezinto zokuklama eziyinkimbinkimbi ehluke kakhulu, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Isiteshi esisodwa sidlulisa ipharamitha yedivayisi eyodwa, isibonelo, imuphi umbala wokufaka umbala kugongolo, iyiphi iphethini (i-gobo stencil) ongayikhetha, noma iyiphi i-engeli yokuphendulela isibuko sivundlile okwamanje, okungukuthi, lapho ugongolo luzoshaya khona. Isakhiwo ngasinye sinenombolo ethile yemingcele engalawulwa futhi ithatha inombolo ehambisanayo yamashaneli esikhaleni se-DMX512. Ipharamitha ngayinye ingathatha amanani ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-255 (amabhithi ayi-8 noma ibhayithi elingu-1).
Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa idayagramu yokuxhumeka kwensimbi ejwayelekile:
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezimiso zephrothokholi esihlokweni esibhalwe ngezansi emithonjeni.
Iphrothokholi ye-DMX512 inezinzuzo nezinkinga eziningi, kodwa manje isiyindinganiso eyinhloko yezinhlelo eziningi zokukhanyisa.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwephrothokholi eyodwa yedijithali, ukulawulwa kwakwenziwa ngezintambo ezihlukene ezine-voltage yokulawula eya kudivayisi ngayinye, noma kusetshenziswa ukuxhumana okuhlukahlukene kwedijithali ne-analog.
Isibonelo, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-analog esingu-0-10 volt sasetshenziswa kabanzi, lapho ikhebula elilodwa lidonswa kudivayisi ngayinye. Uhlelo lusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ngenani elincane lamadivayisi, kodwa ngokukhula kwenani lawo, kwavela ukuthi kunzima kakhulu futhi kungalungile, kokubili ekwakheni nasekuphatheni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga. Lokhu kanye nezinye izinhlelo ze-analog beziyinkimbinkimbi ngokungadingekile, zibiza, futhi bengenalo izinga elilodwa.
Babedinga ama-adaptha akhethekile, kanye nama-voltage amplifiers nama-inverters, ukuze kuxhunywe amadivaysi okukhanyisa kusuka kumkhiqizi oyedwa kuya kumaphaneli okulawula omunye.
Amasistimu edijithali nawo awazange ahluke endaweni yonke, ayengahambisani, futhi izindawo ezisetshenziswa kaningi zazifihlwa abathuthukisi. Konke lokhu kwakuyinkinga ecacile kubasebenzisi bezinhlelo ezinjalo, njengoba babephoqelekile ekukhetheni uhlelo olulodwa lokukhetha zonke izinto zokusebenza kumkhiqizi ofanayo, ngokwezinga elifanayo.
Okubi kwephrothokholi ye-DMX512 yilezi:
- Ukungavikeleki komsindo okubuthakathaka.
Ukusebenza kwamadivayisi ezimeni zokuphazanyiswa kwegagasi lomsakazo okunamandla okubangelwa amatheminali ezokuxhumana eselula (okungukuthi omakhalekhukhwini), izikhungo zikamabonakude eziseduze, njll., izinto zikagesi nezikhanyisayo: amakheshi, izimpawu zokukhangisa, amalambu etiyetha, amalambu e-fluorescent, noma intambo engalungile ye-DMX. , kungase kuhambisane 'nokudikiza' okunesiphithiphithi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngosizo lwamadivayisi akhethekile (ama-amplifiers, ama-spliters, njll.). Ukungalungi kwalesi sixazululo ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zokufakwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi engeziwe.
- Ukuncishiswa nokuboniswa kabusha kwesiginali enobude bomugqa omude.
Izinga alincomi ukuxhuma izinto ezingaphezu kwezingu-32 kulayini owodwa we-DMX 512. Uma ulayini obekwe phakathi kwezinto umude ngokwanele noma kuxhunywe ama-fixtures angaphezu kweshumi ochungechungeni olulodwa, khona-ke kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi izinto ezilungiswayo ngeke ziziphathe kahle, futhi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko kungaba ukulandwa kwesiginali ye-DMX siqu emugqeni. Kalula nje, isignali, isidlulile kuwo wonke amadivaysi, "iyaboniswa" futhi amaphakethe angakwazi ukuhamba ngomugqa we-DMX emuva naphambili. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kusetshenziswa idivayisi elula ebizwa ngokuthi i-DMX Terminator. Isinqamuli somugqa we-DMX siqukethe i- ~120 ohm resistor.
- Ukubekezelela amaphutha okuphansi
Njengoba amadivayisi axhunywe ochungechungeni esebenzisa umugqa owodwa, umonakalo kulo mugqa uzokwenza kungenzeki ukulawula amadivayisi atholakala ngemva kwesigaba esilimele.
Amadivayisi avumela i-branching futhi akhulise ukubekezelela amaphutha asiza ukuxazulula inkinga.
Ngezansi isithombe sesihlukanisi esiza ukuhlukanisa isiginali ibe imigqa eminingana ezimele:
- Ukuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu okubuthakathaka.
Amadivayisi amaningi okukhanyisa asebenzisa izibani zokukhipha igesi, ezihlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okukhanyayo okunamandla nobukhulu obuncane bomthombo wokukhanya ngokwawo. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwalezi zibani, izifunda ze-elekthronikhi ezibizwa ngokuthi abashayeli noma amayunithi okushisa asetshenziswa (ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa izibani ze-xenon ezimotweni). Lezi zifunda zisebenza ku-voltage ephezulu (ama-volts angamakhulu amaningana). Ngekhwalithi ephansi yamadivayisi okukhanyisa, noma ukwehluleka kwawo komshini, amasekhethi e-elekthronikhi angase abe yisifunda esifushane endaweni yensimbi yedivayisi, kanye ne-voltage ephezulu ingangena kulayini wokulawula. Esimweni sokugcina, okukhiphayo ngokomzimba kuphaneli yokulawula ngisho nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB kungase kuhluleke uma iphaneli yokulawula ixhunywe kukhompuyutha ephathekayo noma ikhompuyutha, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa okubizayo. Wonke amadivaysi afanayo asiza ukugwema le nkinga - ama-splitters, okuthi, njengomthetho, abe ne-opto-isolators kumjikelezo wabo.
Kukhona nama-transmitters wesignali we-dmx angenawaya. I-transmitter eyodwa ingasakaza iziteshi ezingu-512, ngokufanayo nolayini owodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngombono, inani elingenamkhawulo labamukeli lingahlelwa ukuze lithole isignali kumthumeli oyedwa. Amadivayisi angenantambo adlulisela isignali kumafrikhwensi afana ne-Wi-Fi kubhendi engu-2.4GHz. Basesigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwabo, ngoba ngenxa yobubanzi obufushane kanye nenani elikhulu lezikhalazo mayelana nokusebenza okungazinzile (mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuminyana kwesiteshi somsakazo esingu-2.4 GHz), lawa madivaysi asabalele kuphela ekufakweni okuncane okusetshenziswa, isibonelo, ngama-DJs.
Iphrothokholi ye-Art-Net
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwephrothokholi kwaba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DMX512 kuphrothokholi yenethiwekhi ye-Art-Net.
I-Art-Net iwukuqaliswa okulula kwephrothokholi ye-DMX512 phezu kwe-UDP, lapho ulwazi lokulawula isiteshi ludluliselwa kumaphakethe e-IP, ngokuvamile ngenethiwekhi yendawo (LAN), kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-Ethernet. I-ArtNet iyiphrothokholi yempendulo. Njengomthetho, amadivayisi asebenza ku-ArtNet anomsebenzi wokuphendula idatha etholiwe. Isibonelo, idivayisi ithole idatha, futhi ingathumela impendulo ukuthi iyitholile.
I-Artnet ingadlulisela yonke into, ngisho namafayela. Ekuqaleni, i-Artnet ingakwazi ukudlulisa amanani nezikhundla zamafader, izixhumanisi ze-fixture, futhi ingadlulisela i-timecode (ikhodi yesikhathi sekheli - idatha yesikhathi sedijithali erekhodiwe futhi yadluliselwa kanye nesithombe noma umsindo. Isetshenziselwa ukuvumelanisa amasistimu ahlukahlukene wemidiya - umsindo , ividiyo , ukukhanya, njll.).
Amadivayisi we-ArtNet asebenzisa okuthiwa amaNodes (node) ukushintsha phakathi kwawo. Amanodi angaba iziguquli ze-Art-Net kuya ezingokoqobo ze-DMX512, noma izinto ezilungiswayo noma okokusebenza osekuvele kunokusebenzela okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kwe-Art-Net. Amanodi angabhalisela (alalele) iseva. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iseva ingakwazi ukusabalalisa amaphakethe kuwo wonke ama-node e-ArtNet, kanye nakwabakhethiwe. Ama-Node ngandlela-thile ayikhumbuza inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu, angabhaliswa kuseva ngesikhathi esifanayo, iseva ingaziba amanye ama-node. Ikhompyutha enesofthiwe yokukhanyisa noma ikhonsoli yokukhanyisa ingasebenza njengeseva ye-Art-Net. Indlela elula yokusebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo i-Broadcast, esebenza njengesiteshi somsakazo. Isakaza kubo bonke abalaleli, futhi abalaleli bangathola noma bangasitholi isignali.
Indawo ngayinye yamashaneli angu-512 e-DMX kuphrothokholi ye-Art-Net ibizwa ngokuthi i-Universe. I-node ngayinye (idivayisi) ingasekela umkhawulo wamashaneli angu-1024 DMX (2 Universe) ekhelini elilodwa le-IP. Wonke ama-Universes angu-16 ahlanganiswa abe yi-subnet (I-Subnet - akufanele iphanjaniswe ne-subnet mask). Iqembu lama-subnets angu-16 (256 Universe) lakha inethiwekhi (Net). Inombolo enkulu yamanethiwekhi yi-128. Sekukonke, inani lamanodi kuphrothokholi ye-Art-Net lingafinyelela ku-32768 (256 Universe x 128 Net), ngalinye lineziteshi ezingu-512 DMX.
Amakheli e-Artnet ngokuvamile asetshenziswa phakathi kuka-2.0.0.0/8, kodwa kumanethiwekhi endawo avamile 192.168.1.0/255 asebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Izinzuzo ze-Artnet:
- Amathuba okwenza ukudluliswa kwesignali ngemigqa ye-LAN esivele ikhona, kanye nokwandisa kakhulu ububanzi bokudlulisa isignali kusetshenziswa imishini yenethiwekhi engabizi kanye nezigaba ezifika ku-100 m ngaphezu kwekhebula elisontekile elingavikelekile lesigaba sesi-5.
- Ulayini owodwa we-Art-Net ungaphatha idatha ephindwe izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane kunolayini ophathekayo we-DMX512.
- Inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet ine-topology yenkanyezi. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu uma kuqhathaniswa nentambo ethi "ring" noma "loop" esetshenziswa ne-DMX512.
- Ikhono lokusebenzisa izinto zenethiwekhi ezingenantambo njengamarutha e-Wi-Fi, izindawo zokufinyelela, njll.
Phakathi kwamaphutha, okulandelayo kungaphawulwa:
- Ibanga eliphezulu lokugijima kwekhebula lilinganiselwa kumamitha ayi-100 uma kuqhathaniswa no-300m ohlelweni lwe-DMX512. Nokho, uma kubhekwa izindleko eziphansi zokushintshwa kwe-Ethernet uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlukanisi ze-DMX512, le nkinga ayinakwa.
- Kudingeka ikhebula okwengeziwe ukuze usebenzise i-Ethernet star topology. Nokho, ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zokubhanqwa okusontekile, futhi njengoba i-Ethernet ingathwala idatha eningi kune-DMX512, ukonga kusekhona. Futhi, izintambo zenkanyezi ye-ethernet zizoba nzima kakhulu uma ufaka ikhebula epulazini. Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu ukuthatha i-ethernet ukusuka kukhonsoli uyiyise epulazini bese uyiguqulela ku-DMX512.
Umdwebo obonakalayo wemishini yokuxhuma esebenzisa ama-node:
Iningi labathengisi besofthiwe abakhulu bokulawula ukukhanya basekela iphrothokholi ye-Art-Net, evumela ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi ye-Ethernet esikhundleni semigqa ye-DMX512 ebonakalayo.
Manje ake siye ngqo esihlokweni se-athikili - izilawuli kude, ama-consoles kanye nezixhumanisi zokulawula amadivaysi okukhanyisa akhiqizwa amaShayina.
Ake sijwayelane namagama ayisisekelo:
- Isixhumi esibonakalayo - idivayisi engenazo izilawuli zayo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule amasignali okukhiphayo kwisofthiwe esebenza kukhompuyutha yomuntu siqu.
- Ikhonsoli ekhanyayo kungenzeka iyidivayisi emile ekwazi ukukhipha amasignali okulawula, noma isilawuli esixhunywe kukhompuyutha noma ikhompuyutha ephathekayo futhi esebenza ngokuhambisana nesofthiwe. Amafader, izinkinobho, izifaki khodi, njll. zisebenza njengezilawuli, onganikeza kuzo ukushintsha amapharamitha angawodwana edivayisi yokukhanyisa, uqalise izigcawu ezirekhodiwe.
- Ikhonsoli iyithuluzi elihlanganisa i-PC nesofthiwe kanye nesilawuli esinezilawuli nokuphuma kwesignali esimweni esisodwa. Ivamise ukuba nezikrini zokuthinta kanye nezimbobo ze-I/O ezitholakala kuma-motherboards amaningi e-PC.
I-Sunlite ne-Daslight
Ngifake lezi zindawo kuhlu, njengoba ngibe nomthelela oqondile ekusabalaliseni kwazo.
Lokhu kuxhumana akusebenzi kumarimothi noma amakhonsoli, njengoba anokusebenza okulinganiselwe kanye nengqondo ehlukile yokuhlela isixhumi esibonakalayo nezilawuli.
I-interface ye-Daslight evela ku-Nicolaude ekucushweni okuphezulu ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise iziteshi ze-DMX ezingu-3072. Ukukhishwa kwamashaneli angu-1536 kwenziwa ngokuphuma komzimba kusixhumi esibonakalayo ngokwaso. Enye ingxenye ingakhishwa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-art-net.
Isebenza ku-Windows naku-Mac. Okwamanje iyakhiqizwa, inguqulo yakamuva esemthethweni ingomhla ka-13.01.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Sunlite Suite 2 FC+ sikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe iziteshi ezingu-1536 ngokuphuma ngokomzimba futhi kufike ku-60 Universe nge-art-net.
Isebenza kuphela ku-Windows. Okwamanje kuyekwe ngokusemthethweni futhi kwathathelwa indawo isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Sunlite Suite 3. Inguqulo yakamuva yesofthiwe ye-Sunlite Suite 2 ikhishwe ngo-2019.
Ngokuqondene namanani, ngizosho ukuthi umgunyathi ushibhile izikhathi ezingu-7-8 kunezokuqala. Uma kubhekwa izindleko eziphezulu zezindawo zokusebenzelana zangempela, amakhophi ayimali eningi.
Ezingxenyeni ezincane zamakhophi, umuntu angakwazi ukuqaphela: ukungakwazi ukuvuselela isofthiwe (Endabeni ye-sunlite, lokhu akusenakwenzeka), ukuthenga imisebenzi eyengeziwe ewusizo ngendlela ye-art-net eyengeziwe, iziteshi zemodi ezimele, njll.
Isofthiwe ifakwe kwidiski enikeziwe, isofthiwe elandiwe kusayithi elisemthethweni ngeke isebenze.
Uma uzama ukuvuselela isofthiwe, kungase kuphakame izinkinga ngendlela yamaphutha ekunqumeni isixhumi esibonakalayo ngekhompyutha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhawulela ukufinyelela ku-intanethi yesofthiwe ukuze ugweme izinkinga. Kuma-interfaces amaningi athengisiwe, kube nezikhalazo ezimbalwa ezivela kubathengi abazama ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yoqobo. Ngake ngahlangana nesixhumi esibonakalayo esinesici sefekthri, kodwa sathathelwa indawo umdayisi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
T1 interface
Ilingisa isixhumi esibonakalayo somkhiqizo we-Avolites T2. Ngaphandle ifana ne-Sunlite Suite 2 ne-Daslight. Umthengisi uthe isixhumi esibonakalayo senza imisebenzi efanayo neye-T2 yoqobo, okungukuthi, ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe imifudlana emibili ye-DMX futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele imiyalo ye-midi kanye nekhodi yesikhathi ye-LTC.
Iza nesoftware ye-Titan ku-flash drive, i-software version 11. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezingafika ku-32 T1 ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Kusukela kunguqulo 12, uzodinga ukhiye we-avokey okhethekile ukuze usebenzise isofthiwe, ngakho-ke akufanele ulindele izibuyekezo ezivela kumaShayina esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Intengo ngokwesilinganiso ingaphansi izikhathi ezi-3 kuneyangempela.
Izilawuli kude futhi ziduduze i-Titan Mobile, iFader Wing, iQuartz, iTiger Touch
Amakhonsoli ahlanganiswe ngendlela yobuciko. Isisekelo siyi-motherboard ye-PC evamile, lapho amadivaysi ahlukahlukene njengesilawuli, isibonisi, njll. axhunywe ngendlela yasendle ngokuphelele.
Akucaci ukuthi kungani ukhetho lwenziwa ekuqondeni kwezintambo ezivamile ze-USB zokwandisa, izintambo ze-vga, ezinamathiselwe kuzixhumi ngeglue eshisayo ezinhlangothini zombili.
Kuma-consoles asekuqaleni, yonke into iqoqwa futhi ilungiswe ngendlela ephucuzekile.
Ukubuyekezwa kuyahlukahluka, kwabanye lawa makhophi asebenze ngokuzinza iminyaka eminingi, kwabanye ukhiye ubulokhu undiza njalo. Ngokuvamile, yeka inhlanhla.
Uma uyithenga kubahlinzeki abathembekile, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabangane.
Amanani ahluka izikhathi ezingu-3-5.
Azikho izikhalazo mayelana nokuhlanganiswa kwama-Mobile and Fader Wing consoles, kukhona ukuhlehlisa ukuthi izingxenye ezishibhile zisetshenziswa njengamafader nama-encoder, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile impilo yabo iphansi kuneyokuqala.
Njenge-T1, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kokhiye we-avokey, ukuvuselela isofthiwe kunguqulo engu-12 nangaphezulu ngeke kusebenze.
Ama-consoles futhi aduduze i-Grand MA2
Amakhonsoli amelwe ngamakhophi amamodeli we-MA2 Ultralite, Agcwele, njll..
Lapha, mayelana nokuhlanganisa, isithombe esifana ne-titan siyabonwa. Izintambo ezifanayo ze-usb extension kanye neglue eshisayo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amaShayina akhiqiza imishini eyingqayizivele engekho epaki lomkhiqizi wokuqala.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-usb dmx expander interface, exhuma kukhompuyutha nge-USB futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amapharamitha angu-4096 DMX.
Izicelo zezikhathi ezimbalwa zokuhlolwa ngenguqulo yakamuva yesofthiwe yoqobo ziqinisekiswe ngempumelelo. Kuze kube manje, azikho izikhalo ezivela okungenani inombolo encane yabathengi.
Enye into ethokozisayo yi-Boss console.
Kunamamodeli ahlukahlukene ahluke ekusebenzeni, ukubukeka nezici zensimbi.
Naphezu kokushiyeka, le divayisi inesilinganiso esimangalisayo sokuhamba nokusebenza, lapho ama-consoles okuqala angakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngawo. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka okukhipha 3072 + 512 nemingcele, kuhl. ngokusebenzisa izitolo zomzimba.
Umhlangano usushiwo ngaphambili. Ngesibonelo esisodwa, kube nezinkinga ezifana nokuwa esikrinini esithintwayo, njll. Ngokuvamile, ukuzinza kushiya okuningi okudingekayo.
Futhi emakethe kukhona ama-Command Wings angamanga, ama-Fader Wings, nama-Net Node ahlukahlukene. Mayelana nokwakhiwa nokuzinza, njengama-titan consoles, izinto zingcono. Kukhona isipiliyoni sokusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwe-Command Wing.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Cryptographic kwamadivayisi kanye nesofthiwe ye-Grand MA kusephansi kakhulu kunezimbangi, lokhu kuvumela amaShayina ukuthi akhiqize amakhophi wamadivayisi asebenza ngokugcwele nesofthiwe esemthethweni.
Ngenxa yalokho, ngizoveza umbono wokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamakhophi eRussia kungenzeka kulabo abanemali engabavumeli ukuthi bathenge amadivaysi okulawula ukukhanya okuqala. Ngokwazi kwami, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yomgunyathi (ukuthengiswa akushiwo lapha) akulawulwa ezweni lakithi, ngokungafani naseYurophu noma eNtshonalanga, lapho kungalinganiswa nokwenza inzuzo ngempahla yobuhlakani yomunye umuntu futhi kubandakanya izinhlawulo ezinzima.
Imithombo:
Source: www.habr.com