Isingeniso
Phakathi neminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi wami emkhakheni we-IT futhi ikakhulukazi ekuthengisweni kwe-IT, ngibone amaphrojekthi amaningi okuhlola, kodwa amaningi awo aphela lutho futhi athatha isikhathi esibalulekile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma sikhuluma ngokuhlola izixazululo ze-hardware, njengezinhlelo zokugcina, kusistimu ngayinye yedemo ngokuvamile kukhona uhlu lokulinda cishe unyaka kusengaphambili. Futhi zonke izivivinyo ohlelweni zingaletha ukudayiswa noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, zonakalise ukuthengiswa. Asikho isidingo sokucabangela isimo lapho ukuhlola kungaphazamisi ukuthengisa, ngoba ukuhlola nakho akunangqondo - kuwukuchitha isikhathi nokumosha isikhathi ohlelweni lwedemo.
Ngakho-ke, ungakwenza kanjani konke ngokuhlakanipha futhi wenze konke kwenzeke?
Training
Imigomo yomshayeli
Uqala kuphi umshayeli wendiza? Hhayi ngezinto zokuxhuma ku-rack, neze. Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale noma yimuphi umsebenzi kumishini, kwenziwa amaphepha. Futhi siqala ngokuchaza imigomo yomshayeli wendiza.
Umgomo womshayeli wendiza ukuqeda ukuphikisa okuvela kukhasimende lokugcina. Akukho ukuphikisa - akekho umshayeli wendiza odingekayo. Yebo Yebo impela.
Kodwa yiziphi izigaba eziyinhloko zokuphikisa esingazibona?
* Siyakungabaza ukwethembeka
*Sinokungabaza ngokusebenza
* Siyakungabaza scalability
*Sinokungabaza mayelana nokuhambisana nekhono lokusebenza namasistimu ethu
* Asikholelwa kumaslayidi akho futhi sifuna ukwenza isiqiniseko ngokwenza ukuthi isistimu yakho ingakwenza ngempela konke lokhu
* Konke lokhu kuzoba nzima kakhulu, onjiniyela bethu sebevele bamatasa futhi kuzoba nzima kubo
Sekukonke, ekugcineni sithola izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa komshayeli futhi, njengecala elikhethekile lomshayeli, ubufakazi bomqondo (i-PoC - ubufakazi bomqondo):
* Ukuhlolwa komthwalo (+ scalability)
* Ukuhlola okusebenzayo
* Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela iphutha
Esimweni esithile, kuye ngokungabaza kwekhasimende elithile, umshayeli wendiza angase ahlanganise imigomo ehlukene, noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, kungase kube khona eyodwa kuphela.
Umshayeli wendiza uqala ngombhalo ochaza ngesiRashiya esicacile ukuthi kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa. Kuphinde kuhlanganise nesethi eyisibopho yemibandela elinganisekayo eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukusho ngokungananazi ukuthi umshayeli wendiza uphumelele ngempumelelo yini noma yini ngempela engaphasiswanga. Imibandela elinganisekayo ingaba inombolo (efana nokubambezeleka ku-ms, IOPS) noma kanambambili (yebo/cha). Uma umshayeli wakho wendiza enenani elingenakulinganiswa njengombandela, akukho phuzu kumshayeli wendiza, kuyithuluzi lokukhohlisa.
Izinsiza
Ukuhlola kungenziwa ngemishini yedemo yomthengisi/umsabalalisi/uphathina noma ngezinto zekhasimende. Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, umehluko mncane, indlela evamile iyafana.
Umbuzo oyinhloko mayelana nemishini NGAPHAMBI kokuba umshayeli aqale ukuthi ingabe isethi ephelele yezinto zokusebenza ikhona yini (okuhlanganisa amaswishi, izintambo zedatha, izintambo zikagesi)? Ingabe okokusebenza kulungele ukuhlolwa (izinguqulo ezilungile ze-firmware, yonke into iyasekelwa, zonke izibani ziluhlaza)?
Ukulandelana okufanele kwezenzo ngemva kokunquma imigomo yokuhlola ukulungisa ngokugcwele okokusebenza ukuze kuhlolwe NGAPHAMBI kokuthi kunikezwe ikhasimende. Yiqiniso, kukhona amakhasimende athembekile ngaphandle kokuxhamazela, kodwa lokhu kuhlukile. Labo. isethi ephelele kufanele ihlanganiswe esizeni sozakwethu, yonke into ihlolwe futhi ihlanganiswe. Uhlelo kumele lusebenze futhi kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi yonke into iyasebenza, isoftware isatshalaliswa ngaphandle kwamaphutha, njll. Ngeke kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa abashayeli bezindiza abangu-3 kwaba-4 baqala ngokubheka izintambo noma ama-transceivers e-SFP.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi njengengxenye yokuhlola isistimu yedemo, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ihlanzekile. Yonke idatha yokuhlola yangaphambilini kufanele isuswe ohlelweni ngaphambi kokudluliselwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kudatha yangempela, futhi kungaba khona noma yini lapho, okuhlanganisa izimfihlo zokuhweba kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu.
Uhlelo lokuhlola
Ngaphambi kokuthi okokusebenza kudluliselwe kukhasimende, kufanele kulungiswe uhlelo lokuhlola oluhlangabezana nezinjongo zokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa ngakunye kufanele kube nomphumela olinganisekayo kanye nemibandela ecacile yempumelelo.
Uhlelo lokuhlola lungalungiselelwa umthengisi, uzakwethu, ikhasimende, noma ngokuhlanganyela - kodwa njalo NGAPHAMBI kokuqala kokuhlolwa. Futhi ikhasimende kumele lisayine ukuthi lanelisekile ngalolu hlelo.
Abantu
Njengengxenye yokulungiselela umshayeli wendiza, kuyadingeka ukuvumelana ngezinsuku zomshayeli kanye nokuba khona kwabo bonke abantu abadingekayo kanye nokulungela kwabo ukuhlolwa, kokubili ngasohlangothini lomthengisi/umlingani kanye nengxenye yekhasimende. Oh, bangaki abashayeli bezindiza abaqala ngokuthi umuntu oyinhloko kumshayeli wekhasimende aye eholidini ngosuku ngemva kokufakwa kwemishini!
Izindawo zomthwalo wemfanelo/zokufinyelela
Uhlelo lokuhlola kufanele luqonde ngokucacile futhi luchaze kahle izibopho zabo bonke abantu abahilelekile. Uma kunesidingo, ukufinyelela okukude noma okuphathekayo konjiniyela bomthengisi/ozakwethu kumasistimu nedatha yekhasimende kuhlanganiswe nesevisi yezokuphepha yekhasimende.
Umshayeli wendiza
Uma sigcwalise wonke amaphuzu adlule, khona-ke ingxenye eyisicefe kakhulu umshayeli wendiza ngokwakhe. Kodwa kufanele igijime njengokungathi isendleleni. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke ingxenye yokulungiselela iboshiwe.
Ukuqedwa komshayeli wendiza
Lapho sekuqediwe ukulinga, kulungiswa idokhumenti ngokuhlolwa okwenziwe. Okufanelekile, ngazo zonke izivivinyo ohlelweni ezinophawu lokuhlola lwe-PASS oluluhlaza. Kungenzeka ukulungiselela isethulo sabaphathi abakhulu ukuze benze isinqumo esihle ngokuthenga noma ukufakwa ohlwini lwezinhlelo ezigunyazwe ukuthengwa.
Uma ungenayo idokhumenti ezandleni zakho ekupheleni komshayeli wendiza enohlu lwezivivinyo eziqediwe namamaki aphumelele, umshayeli wendiza wehlulekile futhi bekungafanele aqalwe nhlobo.
Source: www.habr.com