🥇Linux Foundation izosebenza kuma-chips omthombo ovulekile

I-Linux Foundation yethule indlela entsha - i-CHIPS Alliance. Njengengxenye yale phrojekthi, inhlangano izothuthukisa uhlelo lwamahhala lwe-RISC-V lweziqondiso kanye nobuchwepheshe bokudala amaphrosesa asekelwe kulo. Ake sikutshele kabanzi ngokwenzeka kule ndawo.

/isithombe UGareth Halfacree CC BY-SA

Kungani i-CHIPS Alliance yavela?

Amapeshi avikela ngokumelene ne-Meltdown ne-Specter, kwezinye izimo ukunciphisa ukukhiqiza amaseva ngo-50%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhluka okusha kobungozi obuhlobene nokukhishwa komyalo wokuqagela kusavela. Mayelana nomunye wabo yaziwa ekuqaleni kuka-March - Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha bolwazi bayibiza ngokuthi i-Spoiler. Lesi simo siyathinta ingxoxo isidingo sokubuyekeza izixazululo ezikhona zehadiwe nezindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Ikakhulukazi, Intel kakade bayalungiselela i-architecture entsha yamaphrosesa ayo, engekho ngaphansi kwe-Meltdown ne-Specter.

I-Linux Foundation ayizange ime eceleni nayo. Le nhlangano yethule olwayo uhlelo, i-CHIPS Alliance, amalungu ayo azothuthukisa amaphrosesa asekelwe ku-RISC-V.

Yimaphi amaphrojekthi asethuthukisiwe?

Amalungu e-CHIPS Alliance ahlanganisa i-Google, i-Western Digital (WD) ne-SiFive. Ngamunye wabo wethula intuthuko yakhe. Ake sixoxe ngezinye zazo.

I-RISCV-DV

Umdondoshiya wokusesha we-IT ukhiphe inkundla yokuhlola amaphrosesa asuselwa ku-RISC-V ukuze uvule umthombo. Isixazululo esingahleliwe ikhiqiza amaqembu ukuthi vumela hlola ukusebenza kwedivayisi: izinqubo zokushintsha zokuhlola, izitaki zocingo, CSR- amarejista, njll.

Isibonelo, libukeka kanje ikilasiunesibopho sokwenza ukuhlolwa okulula kwemiyalo ye-arithmetic:

class riscv_arithmetic_basic_test extends riscv_instr_base_test;

  `uvm_component_utils(riscv_arithmetic_basic_test)
  `uvm_component_new

  virtual function void randomize_cfg();
    cfg.instr_cnt = 10000;
    cfg.num_of_sub_program = 0;
    cfg.no_fence = 1;
    cfg.no_data_page = 1'b1;
    cfg.no_branch_jump = 1'b1;
    `DV_CHECK_RANDOMIZE_WITH_FATAL(cfg,
                                   init_privileged_mode == MACHINE_MODE;
                                   max_nested_loop == 0;)
    `uvm_info(`gfn, $sformatf("riscv_instr_gen_config is randomized:n%0s",
                    cfg.sprint()), UVM_LOW)
  endfunction

endclass

Ngu ngokusho abathuthukisi, inkundla ihlukile kuma-analogue ayo ngoba ivumela ukuhlolwa okulandelanayo kwazo zonke izingxenye ze-chip, okuhlanganisa ne-memory block.

Iphrothokholi ye-OmniXtend

Lena iphrothokholi yenethiwekhi evela ku-WD enikeza ukuhlangana kwenqolobane nge-Ethernet. OmniXtend ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshanise imilayezo ngokuqondile nenqolobane yokucubungula futhi isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-accelerator: i-GPU noma i-FPGA. Iphinde ilungele ukudala amasistimu asekelwe kuma-chips amaningi e-RISC-V.

Iphrothokholi isivele isekelwe Ama-SweRV chipskuqondiswe ekucutshungulweni kwedatha ezikhungweni zedatha. I-SweRV iyi-32-bit, i-dual-pipeline superscalar processor eyakhelwe kubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-28nm. Ipayipi ngalinye linamaleveli ayisishiyagalolunye, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulayisha nokusebenzisa imiyalo eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Idivayisi isebenza ngemvamisa ye-1,8 GHz.

I-generator Rocket Chip

Isixazululo sivela ku-SiFive, eyasungulwa abathuthukisi bobuchwepheshe be-RISC-V. I-Rocket Chip i-RISC-V processor core generator ngolimi lweChisel. Yena kuyinto a iqoqo lemitapo yolwazi enepharamitha esetshenziselwa ukudala I-SoC.

Mayelana Chisel, bese kuba ulimi oluchaza ihadiwe olususelwe ku-Scala. Ikhiqiza ikhodi ye-Verilog esezingeni eliphansi leyo подходит ukuze kucutshungulwe ku-ASIC ne-FPGA. Ngakho, ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izimiso ze-OOP lapho uthuthukisa RTL.

Amathemba e-Alliance

Ochwepheshe bathi isinyathelo se-Linux Foundation sizokwenza imakethe yamaphrosesa ibe nentando yeningi futhi ivuleleke kubadlali abasha. E-IDC gubhaukuthi ukuthandwa okukhulayo kwamaphrojekthi anjalo kuzoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokufunda komshini kanye nezinhlelo ze-AI ngokujwayelekile.

/isithombe UFritzchens Fritz PD

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrosesa omthombo ovulekile kuzophinde kunciphise izindleko zokuklama ama-chips angokwezifiso. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela uma umphakathi we-Linux Foundation ukwazi ukuheha abathuthukisi abenele.

Amaphrojekthi afanayo

Ezinye izinhlangano futhi zakha amaphrojekthi ahlobene ne-hardware evulekile. Isibonelo i-CXL consortium, eyethula izinga le-Compute Express Link maphakathi no-March. Ubuchwepheshe bufana ne-OmniXtend futhi buxhuma i-CPU, i-GPU, i-FPGA. Ukushintshaniswa kwedatha, indinganiso isebenzisa ibhasi le-PCIe 5.0.

Enye iphrojekthi enikezelwe ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe beprosesa i-MIPS Open, evele ngoDisemba 2018. Isinyathelo sidalwe ukuqaliswa kwe-Wave Computing. Onjiniyela bayahlela vula Ukufinyelela kumasethi womyalo we-MIPS we-32- kanye no-64-bit wakamuva womphakathi we-IT. Ukuqala kwephrojekthi kulindeleke ezinyangeni ezizayo.

Ngokuvamile, indlela yomthombo ovulekile iyamukelwa ngokujwayelekile hhayi nje kwisoftware, kodwa nakwihardware. Amaphrojekthi anjalo asekelwa izinkampani ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, singalindela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze amadivayisi amaningi asekelwe kumazinga avulekile wehadiwe azovela emakethe.

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Source: www.habr.com

I-Linux Foundation izosebenza kuma-chips omthombo ovulekile