Kusukela ngoMeyi 2020, ukuthengiswa okusemthethweni kwama-hard drive angaphandle e-WD My Book asekela ukubethela kwehadiwe ye-AES ngokhiye ongu-256-bit sekuqalile eRussia. Ngenxa yemikhawulo engokomthetho, ngaphambilini lezi zinsiza bezithengwa kuphela ezitolo zikagesi eziku-inthanethi zangaphandle noma emakethe “empunga”, kodwa manje noma ubani angathola idrayivu evikelekile enewaranti yokuphathelene yeminyaka emi-3 evela ku-Western Digital. Ukuhlonipha lo mcimbi obalulekile, sinqume ukwenza uhambo olufushane emlandweni futhi sithole ukuthi i-Advanced Encryption Standard ivele kanjani nokuthi kungani ilihle kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezixazululo ezincintisanayo.
Isikhathi eside, indinganiso esemthethweni yokubethela kwe-symmetric e-United States kwakuyi-DES (Data Encryption Standard), eyathuthukiswa yi-IBM futhi yafakwa ohlwini lweFederal Information Processing Standards ngo-1977 (FIPS 46-3). I-algorithm isekelwe ekuthuthukisweni okutholwe phakathi nekhodi yephrojekthi yocwaningo ebizwa ngokuthi uLucifer. Lapho ngoMeyi 15, 1973, i-US National Bureau of Standards imemezela umncintiswano wokudala indinganiso yokubethela ezinkampanini zikahulumeni, inhlangano yaseMelika ingenela umjaho we-cryptographic ngenguqulo yesithathu ye-Lucifer, esebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Feistel ebuyekeziwe. Futhi kanye nabanye abaqhudelana nabo, yehlulekile: akukho neyodwa yama-algorithms ahanjiswe emqhudelwaneni wokuqala ehlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile ezakhiwe ochwepheshe be-NBS.
Yiqiniso, i-IBM ayikwazanga ukwamukela ukunqotshwa: lapho umncintiswano uqalwa kabusha ngo-Agasti 27, 1974, inhlangano yaseMelika yaphinde yafaka isicelo, yethula inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Lucifer. Ngalesi sikhathi ijaji alizange libe nesikhalazo esisodwa: ngemva kokwenza umsebenzi ofanelekayo kumaphutha, i-IBM yaqeda ngempumelelo zonke iziphambeko, ngakho kwakungekho lutho lokukhononda ngakho. Esephumelele ukunqoba ngamalengiso, uLusifa washintsha igama lakhe laba i-DES futhi lashicilelwa ku-Federal Register ngoMashi 17, 1975.
Kodwa-ke, phakathi ne-symposia yomphakathi ehlelwe ngo-1976 ukuze kuxoxwe ngezinga elisha le-cryptographic, i-DES yagxekwa kakhulu umphakathi wochwepheshe. Isizathu salokhu kwaba izinguquko ezenziwe ku-algorithm ngochwepheshe be-NSA: ikakhulukazi, ubude bokhiye bancishiswa baba yizibhithi ezingama-56 (ekuqaleni uLucifer wayesekelwa ukusebenza ngokhiye be-64- kanye ne-128-bit), futhi logic of the permutation blocks yashintshwa. . Ngokusho kwababhali be-cryptographer, "intuthuko" yayingenangqondo futhi okuwukuphela kwento i-National Security Agency eyayiphokophelele ngayo ngokwenza izinguquko kwakuwukukwazi ukubuka ngokukhululekile imibhalo ebethelwe.
Ngokuphathelene nalezi zinsolo, ikhomishini ekhethekile yasungulwa ngaphansi kweSenethi yase-US, inhloso yayo kwakuwukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bezenzo ze-NSA. Ngo-1978, kwashicilelwa umbiko kulandela uphenyo, owasho okulandelayo:
- Abamele i-NSA babambe iqhaza ekuphothulweni kwe-DES ngokungaqondile kuphela, futhi umnikelo wabo wawuphathelene nezinguquko kuphela ekusebenzeni kwamabhulokhi emvume;
- inguqulo yokugcina ye-DES ibonakale imelana kakhulu nokugetshengwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-cryptographic kuneyokuqala, ngakho-ke izinguquko zazifanelekile;
- ubude obuyinhloko bamabhithi angu-56 bungaphezu kokwanele iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza, ngoba ukwephula i-cipher enjalo kuzodinga i-supercomputer ebiza okungenani amashumi ambalwa ezigidi zamaRandi, futhi njengoba abahlaseli abavamile ngisho nabaduni abangochwepheshe abanazo izinsiza ezinjalo, akukho okumele sikhathazeke ngakho.
Iziphetho zekhomishana zaqinisekiswa kancane ngo-1990, lapho ama-cryptographer akwa-Israel u-Eli Biham no-Adi Shamir, besebenza ngomqondo wokuhlukanisa i-cryptanalysis, benza ucwaningo olukhulu lwe-block algorithms, kuhlanganise ne-DES. Ososayensi baphethe ngokuthi imodeli entsha yemvume yayimelana kakhulu nokuhlaselwa kuneyokuqala, okusho ukuthi i-NSA empeleni yasiza ukuxhuma izimbobo ezimbalwa ku-algorithm.
Adi Shamir
Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukukhawulelwa kobude obubalulekile kwaba yinkinga, futhi kwaba yingozi kakhulu kulokho, okwafakazelwa ngokugculisayo ngo-1998 yinhlangano yomphakathi i-Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwe-DES Challenge II, eyenziwa ngaphansi kwe-RSA Laboratory. I-supercomputer yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuqhekeka kwe-DES, ebizwa ngokuthi i-EFF DES Cracker, eyakhiwe nguJohn Gilmore, umsunguli we-EFF kanye nomqondisi wephrojekthi ye-DES Challenge, kanye noPaul Kocher, umsunguli weCryptography Research.
Iprosesa ye-EFF DES Cracker
Uhlelo abaluthuthukisile lukwazile ukuthola ngempumelelo ukhiye wesampula ebethelwe kusetshenziswa amandla anonya emahoreni angama-56 nje kuphela, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-DES Cracker yayidinga ukuhlola cishe ingxenye yesine yazo zonke izinhlanganisela ezingenzeka, okusho ukuthi ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle kakhulu, ukugebenga kungathatha cishe amahora angu-224, okungukuthi, izinsuku ezingeqile kweziyi-10. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko ze-supercomputer, kucatshangelwa izimali ezisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwayo, zazingama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingu-250 kuphela. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi namuhla kulula futhi kushibhile ukweqa ikhodi enjalo: hhayi nje ukuthi i-hardware ibe namandla kakhulu, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-intanethi, i-hacker akudingeki ithenge noma iqashe imishini edingekayo - kwanele ukwenza i-botnet yama-PC angenwe yigciwane.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kubonise ngokusobala ukuthi i-DES isiphelelwe yisikhathi kangakanani. Futhi njengoba ngaleso sikhathi i-algorithm yayisetshenziswa cishe ku-50% wezixazululo emkhakheni wokubethelwa kwedatha (ngokusho kwesilinganiso esifanayo se-EFF), umbuzo wokuthola enye indlela waba ucindezela kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Izinselele ezintsha - ukuncintisana okusha
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ukufuna ukushintshwa Kwezinga Lokubethelwa Kwedatha kwaqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye nokulungiswa kwe-EFF DES Cracker: I-US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) emuva ngo-1997 yamemezela ukwethulwa kwe-EFF DES Cracker. umncintiswano we-encryption algorithm oklanyelwe ukukhomba "izinga legolide" elisha le-cryptosecurity. Futhi uma ezinsukwini zakudala umcimbi ofana wawubanjelwe ngokukhethekile “abantu bakithi,” khona-ke, sikhumbula isipiliyoni esingaphumelelanga seminyaka engu-30 edlule, i-NIST yanquma ukwenza umncintiswano uvuleke ngokuphelele: noma iyiphi inkampani nanoma yimuphi umuntu angaba nengxenye yona, kungakhathaliseki indawo noma ubuzwe.
Le ndlela yaziveza ngisho nasesiteji sokukhetha abafake izicelo: phakathi kwababhali abafake izicelo zokubamba iqhaza emqhudelwaneni we-Advanced Encryption Standard kwakukhona ama-cryptologists adume umhlaba wonke (Ross Anderson, Eli Biham, Lars Knudsen) kanye nezinkampani ezincane ze-IT ezisebenza nge-cybersecurity (Counterpane) , nezinkampani ezinkulu (German Deutsche Telekom), nezikhungo zemfundo (KU Leuven, Belgium), kanye neziqalo kanye namafemu amancane abambalwa abezwe ngawo ngaphandle kwamazwe abo (ngokwesibonelo, i-Tecnologia Apropriada Internacional yaseCosta Rica).
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kulokhu i-NIST ivume izimfuneko ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokubamba iqhaza kwama-algorithms:
- ibhulokhi yedatha kufanele ibe nosayizi omisiwe wamabhithi ayi-128;
- i-algorithm kufanele isekele okungenani osayizi abathathu abakhulu: 128, 192 kanye namabhithi angu-256.
Ukuthola umphumela onjalo kwakulula, kodwa, njengoba besho, udeveli usemininingwaneni: kwakukhona izidingo eziningi ezengeziwe, futhi kwakunzima kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nazo. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwaba ngesisekelo sabo ukuthi ababuyekezi be-NIST bakhethe abaqhudelani. Nansi indlela abafake izicelo zokunqoba obekumele bahlangabezane nayo:
- ikhono lokumelana nanoma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa kwe-cryptanalytic okwakwaziwa ngesikhathi somncintiswano, okuhlanganisa nokuhlaselwa ngeziteshi zezinkampani zangaphandle;
- ukungabi bikho kokhiye bokubethela ababuthakathaka nabalinganayo (okulingana kusho lezo zikhiye okuthi, nakuba zinomehluko omkhulu komunye nomunye, ziholela kuma-ciphers afanayo);
- ijubane lokubethela lizinzile futhi licishe lifane kuwo wonke amapulatifomu amanje (kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-64-bit);
- ukwenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-multiprocessor, ukusekelwa kokufana kokusebenza;
- ubuncane bezidingo zenani le-RAM;
- akukho mingcele yokusetshenziswa ezimeni ezijwayelekile (njengesisekelo sokwakha imisebenzi ye-hash, ama-PRNG, njll.);
- Ukwakheka kwe-algorithm kufanele kube okunengqondo futhi kube lula ukukuqonda.
Iphuzu lokugcina lingase libonakale lingavamile, kodwa uma ucabanga ngakho, kunengqondo, ngoba i-algorithm eyakhiwe kahle kulula ukuyihlaziya, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukufihla "ibhukhimakhi" kuyo, ngosizo lapho unjiniyela angathola ukufinyelela okungenamkhawulo kudatha ebethelwe.
Ukwamukelwa kwezicelo zomncintiswano Wezinga Lokubethela Okuthuthukile kuthathe unyaka nesigamu. Ingqikithi yama-algorithms ayi-15 abambe iqhaza kuyo:
- I-CAST-256, ithuthukiswe yinkampani yaseCanada i-Etrust Technologies esekelwe ku-CAST-128, eyakhiwe nguCarlisle Adams no-Stafford Tavares;
- I-Crypton, eyakhiwe isazi se-cryptologist u-Chae Hoon Lim ovela enkampanini ye-cybersecurity yaseNingizimu Korea i-Future Systems;
- I-DEAL, umqondo wayo ekuqaleni owaphakanyiswa isazi sezibalo saseDenmark u-Lars Knudsen, futhi kamuva imibono yakhe yathuthukiswa nguRichard Outerbridge, owafaka isicelo sokubamba iqhaza emncintiswaneni;
- I-DFC, iphrojekthi ehlanganyelwe ye-Paris School of Education, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) kanye ne-telecommunications corporation i-France Telecom;
- I-E2, ithuthukiswe ngaphansi kwenkampani enkulu yezokuxhumana yase-Japan, i-Nippon Telegraph and Telephone;
- IFROG, umcabango wenkampani yaseCosta Rican iTecnologia Apropriada Internacional;
- I-HPC, eyasungulwa isazi se-cryptologist saseMelika kanye nesazi sezibalo uRichard Schreppel wase-University of Arizona;
- I-LOKI97, eyenziwe ngabadwebi be-cryptographer base-Australia uLawrence Brown noJennifer Seberry;
- I-Magenta, eyakhiwe nguMichael Jacobson kanye no-Klaus Huber yenkampani yezokuxhumana yaseJalimane i-Deutsche Telekom AG;
- I-MARS evela ku-IBM, ekudalweni kwayo uDon Coppersmith, omunye wababhali bakaLucifer, wabamba iqhaza;
- I-RC6, ebhalwe nguRon Rivest, Matt Robshaw kanye noRay Sydney ngokukhethekile emncintiswaneni we-AES;
- Rijndael, eyakhiwe nguVincent Raymen noJohan Damen baseCatholic University of Leuven;
- I-SAFER+, ithuthukiswe yinhlangano yaseCalifornian i-Cylink kanye ne-National Academy of Sciences yaseRiphabhulikhi yase-Armenia;
- Inyoka, eyakhiwe nguRoss Anderson, u-Eli Beaham noLars Knudsen;
- I-Twofish, eyakhiwe iqembu locwaningo likaBruce Schneier ngokususelwa ku-algorithm ye-blowfish cryptographic ehlongozwe nguBruce emuva ngo-1993.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yomzuliswano wokuqala, kuhlonzwe abafinyelele kowamanqamu aba-5, okuhlanganisa iSerpent, Twofish, MARS, RC6 kanye noRijndael. Amalungu ejaji athole amaphutha cishe kuwo wonke ama-algorithms asohlwini, ngaphandle kweyodwa. Ubani ophumelele? Ake sandise uzungu kancane futhi siqale sicabangele izinzuzo nezinkinga eziyinhloko zesixazululo ngasinye esibaliwe.
MARS
Endabeni "kankulunkulu wempi", ochwepheshe baphawule ukuthi ungubani inqubo yokubethela idatha kanye nenqubo yokubhala, kodwa yilapho izinzuzo zayo zazilinganiselwe. I-algorithm ye-IBM ibilambele amandla ngokumangazayo, iyenza ingafaneleki ukusebenza ezindaweni ezicindezelwe yizinsiza. Kuphinde kwaba nezinkinga ngokuhambisana kwezibalo. Ukuze isebenze ngempumelelo, i-MARS idinga ukusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezingamabhithi angu-32 ukuphindaphindeka nokushintshashintsha kwebhithi, okuphinde kwabeka imikhawulo kuhlu lwamapulatifomu asekelwayo.
I-MARS iphinde yaba sengozini yokuhlaselwa isikhathi nokuhlaselwa kwamandla, yaba nezinkinga ngokunwetshwa kokhiye endizeni, futhi ubunkimbinkimbi bayo obudlulele kwenze kwaba nzima ukuhlaziya izakhiwo futhi kwadala izinkinga ezengeziwe esigabeni sokusebenza okungokoqobo. Ngamafuphi, uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abangene kowamanqamu, i-MARS ibibukeka njengomuntu wangaphandle wangempela.
RC6
I-algorithm izuze njengefa ezinye zezinguquko kumanduleli wayo, i-RC5, eyayicutshungulwe kahle ngaphambili, okwathi, kuhlanganiswe nesakhiwo esilula nesibukwayo, kwakwenza kwaba sobala ngokuphelele kochwepheshe futhi kwaqeda ukuba khona "kwamabhukhimakhi." Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-RC6 ibonise isivinini sokucutshungulwa kwedatha kuma-platforms angu-32-bit, futhi izinqubo zokubethela nokususa ukubethela zasetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo.
Kodwa-ke, i-algorithm yayinezinkinga ezifanayo ne-MAR eshiwo ngenhla: kwakukhona ubungozi ekuhlaselweni kwesiteshi eseceleni, ukuncika kokusebenza ekusekelweni kokusebenza kwe-32-bit, kanye nezinkinga nge-computing efanayo, ukunwetshwa kokhiye, kanye nezimfuno zezinsiza ze-hardware. . Kulokhu, ubengafanele neze ukubamba iqhaza.
Kabili
I-Twofish ivele yashesha kakhulu futhi yalungiselelwa kahle ukusebenza kumadivayisi asebenzisa amandla amancane, yenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokukhulisa okhiye futhi yanikeza izinketho ezimbalwa zokuqalisa, okwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukujwayelanisa imisebenzi ethile ngobuqili. Ngasikhathi sinye, "izinhlanzi ezimbili" zaba sengozini yokuhlaselwa ngeziteshi eziseceleni (ikakhulukazi, ngokuya kwesikhathi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla), azizange zibe nobungane ikakhulukazi nezinhlelo ze-multiprocessor futhi zaziyinkimbinkimbi ngokweqile, okuyinto, ngendlela. , futhi kuthinte isivinini sokunwetshwa kokhiye.
Inyoka
I-algorithm yayinesakhiwo esilula nesiqondakalayo, okwenza kube lula ukucwaningwa kwayo, bekungafuneki ikakhulukazi emandleni epulatifomu yehadiwe, inokusekelwa kokukhulisa okhiye empukaneni, futhi kwakulula ukuyishintsha, okwenze yagqama embonweni wayo. abaphikisi. Naphezu kwalokhu, iNyoka, empeleni, yayihamba kancane kunabo bonke kwabaqedile, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokubethela kanye nokukhipha imininingwane kuyo zazihluke kakhulu futhi zidinga izindlela ezihluke kakhulu zokuqalisa.
Rijndael
U-Rijndael uvele wasondela kakhulu kokuhle: i-algorithm yahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezimfuneko ze-NIST, kuyilapho ingekho ngaphansi, futhi ngokuya ngengqikithi yezici, iphakeme ngokuphawulekayo kunembangi yayo. I-Reindal yayinobuthakathaka obubili kuphela: ukuba sengozini ekuhlaselweni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla enqubweni eyinhloko yokwandisa, okuyisimo esicacile kakhulu, kanye nezinkinga ezithile zokunwetshwa kokhiye ohamba-on-the-fly (le nqubo isebenze ngaphandle kwemingcele kubaqhudelani ababili kuphela - i-Serpent ne-Twofish) . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kochwepheshe, i-Reindal yayinomkhawulo ophansi kancane wamandla e-cryptographic kune-Serpent, i-Twofishfish kanye ne-MRS, okuyinto, nokho, eyanxeshezelwa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nobuningi bezinhlobo zokuhlaselwa kwesiteshi eseceleni kanye nohlu olubanzi. yezinketho zokusebenzisa.
isigaba
Inyoka
Kabili
MARS
RC6
Rijndael
Amandla e-Cryptographic
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Imajini yamandla e-Cryptographic
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Isivinini sokubethela uma sisetshenziswa kusofthiwe
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Isivinini sokunweba esingukhiye uma sisetshenziswa kusofthiwe
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Amakhadi ahlakaniphile anomthamo omkhulu
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Amakhadi ahlakaniphile anezinsiza ezilinganiselwe
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Ukuqaliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha (FPGA)
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Ukuqaliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha (i-chip ekhethekile)
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Ukuvikelwa ngesikhathi sokubulawa nokuhlaselwa kwamandla
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Ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kunqubo eyinhloko yokwandisa
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Ukuvikelwa ekuhlaselweni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ekusetshenzisweni kwamakhadi ahlakaniphile
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Ikhono lokwandisa ukhiye ku-fly
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Ukutholakala kwezinketho zokuqalisa (ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhambisana)
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Amathuba we-parallel computing
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Ngokuphathelene nengqikithi yezici, u-Reindal wayeyinhloko namahlombe ngaphezu kwabancintisana nabo, ngakho umphumela wevoti lokugcina wabonakala unengqondo: i-algorithm iwine ukunqoba okukhulu, wathola amavoti angu-86 kanye namavoti angu-10 kuphela. USerpent uthathe indawo yesibili ehloniphekile ngamavoti angu-59, kwathi uTwofish waba endaweni yesithathu: amalungu ejaji angu-31 akumela lokho. Balandelwa yi-RC6, yawina amavoti angu-23, kwathi i-MARS ngokwemvelo yagcina isendaweni yokugcina, yathola amavoti angu-13 kuphela kwathi angu-83 aphikisana nayo.
Ngomhla zi-2 kuMfumfu wezi-2000, u-Rijndael wamenyezelwa njengomnqobi womncintiswano we-AES, ngokwesiko washintsha igama lawo waba yi-Advanced Encryption Standard, eyaziwa ngawo njengamanje. Inqubo yokumisa yathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka: ngoNovemba 26, 2001, i-AES yafakwa ohlwini lweFederal Information Processing Standards, ithola inkomba ye-FIPS 197. I-algorithm entsha nayo yaziswa kakhulu yi-NSA, futhi kusukela ngoJuni 2003, i-US I-National Security Agency yaze yabona i-AES enokhiye wokubethela ongu-256-bit iqine ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemibhalo eyimfihlo ephezulu.
Amadrayivu angaphandle e-WD My Book asekela ukubethela kwehadiwe kwe-AES-256
Ngenxa yenhlanganisela yokwethembeka nokusebenza okuphakeme, I-Advanced Encryption Standard yasheshe yaqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, yaba enye yezindlela zokubethela ze-symmetric ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni futhi yafakwa emitatsheni eminingi ye-cryptographic (OpenSSL, GnuTLS, Linux's Crypto API, njll.). I-AES manje isisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zebhizinisi nezabathengi, futhi isekelwa kumadivaysi anhlobonhlobo. Ikakhulukazi, ukubethela kwehadiwe kwe-AES-256 kusetshenziswa emndenini we-Western Digital's My Book wamadrayivu angaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikelwa kwedatha egciniwe. Ake sibhekisise le mishini.
Ulayini we-WD Incwadi Yami yamadrayivu aqinile edeskithophu uhlanganisa amamodeli ayisithupha wamakhono ahlukahlukene: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 kanye 14 terabytes, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe idivayisi evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ama-HDD angaphandle asebenzisa isistimu yefayela ye-exFAT, eqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinhlelo eziningi ezisebenzayo, ezihlanganisa i-Microsoft Windows 7, 8, 8.1 kanye ne-10, kanye nenguqulo ye-Apple macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) nangaphezulu. Abasebenzisi be-Linux OS banethuba lokukhweza i-hard drive besebenzisa umshayeli we-exfat-nofuse.
Incwadi Yami ixhuma kukhompuyutha yakho isebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB 3.0 esinesivinini esikhulu, esibuyela emuva esihambisana ne-USB 2.0. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba udlulise amafayela ngesivinini esiphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba i-USB SuperSpeed bandwidth ingu-5 Gbps (okungukuthi, 640 MB/s), okungaphezu kokwanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isici esihambisanayo esibuyela emuva siqinisekisa ukusekelwa cishe kwanoma iyiphi idivayisi ekhishwe eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule.
Nakuba Incwadi Yami ingadingi noma iyiphi isofthiwe eyengeziwe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe be-Plug ne-Play obuthola ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi bulungise amadivaysi e-peripheral, sisancoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe iphakheji yesofthiwe ye-WD Discovery yobunikazi eza nedivayisi ngayinye.
Isethi ihlanganisa lezi zicelo ezilandelayo:
Izinsiza ze-WD Drive
Uhlelo lukuvumela ukuthi uthole imininingwane yakamuva mayelana nesimo samanje sedrayivu ngokususelwa kudatha ye-SMART futhi uhlole i-hard drive yemikhakha emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwe-Drive Utilities, ungakwazi ukucekela phansi ngokushesha yonke idatha elondolozwe ku-My Book yakho: kulokhu, amafayela ngeke asulwe nje kuphela, kodwa futhi azobhalwa phezu kwawo izikhathi ezimbalwa, ukuze angabe esaba khona. ukuzibuyisela emuva kokuthi inqubo isiqediwe.
Isipele se-WD
Usebenzisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza, ungamisa ama-backups ngokuya ngeshejuli ethile. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi i-WD Backup isekela ukusebenza ne-Google Drayivu ne-Dropbox, kuyilapho ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe noma yiziphi izinhlanganisela ezingenzeka zomthombo lapho udala ikhophi yasenqolobaneni. Ngakho-ke, ungasetha ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwedatha isuka Ebhukwini Yami iye efwini noma ungenise amafayela namafolda adingekayo kusuka kumasevisi asohlwini kuya kukho kokubili i-hard drive yangaphandle kanye nomshini wendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuvumelanisa ne-akhawunti yakho ye-Facebook, okukuvumela ukuthi udale ngokuzenzakalelayo amakhophi ayisipele ezithombe namavidiyo asuka kuphrofayela yakho.
Ukuphepha kwe-WD
Kungosizo lwalolu hlelo lokusebenza ukuthi ungakhawulela ukufinyelela kudrayivu ngephasiwedi futhi ulawule ukubethelwa kwedatha. Konke okudingekayo kulokhu ukucacisa iphasiwedi (ubude bayo obukhulu bungafinyelela izinhlamvu ezingu-25), ngemva kwalokho lonke ulwazi olukudiski luzobethelwa, futhi yilabo kuphela abawazi umushwana wokungena abazokwazi ukufinyelela amafayela agciniwe. Ukuze kube lula, i-WD Security ikuvumela ukuthi udale uhlu lwamadivayisi athenjiwe okuthi, lapho exhunyiwe, avule ngokuzenzakalelayo Incwadi Yami.
Sigcizelela ukuthi i-WD Security inikeza kuphela isixhumi esibonakalayo esikahle sokuphatha ukuvikelwa kwe-cryptographic, kuyilapho ukubethelwa kwedatha kwenziwa idrayivu yangaphandle ngokwayo ezingeni lezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha. Le ndlela inikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezibalulekile, okuyilezi:
- i-hardware inombolo engahleliwe generator, kunokuba i-PRNG, inesibopho sokudala okhiye bokubethela, okusiza ukufeza izinga eliphezulu le-entropy nokwandisa amandla abo e-cryptographic;
- ngesikhathi senqubo yokubethela kanye ne-decryption, okhiye be-cryptographic abalandwa ku-RAM yekhompyutha, futhi awawona amakhophi esikhashana amafayela acutshunguliwe adalwe kumafolda afihliwe kudrayivu yesistimu, okusiza ukunciphisa amathuba okuba bangene;
- ijubane lokucubungula ifayela alixhomekile nganoma iyiphi indlela ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi yeklayenti;
- Ngemuva kokuvula ukuvikelwa, ukubethelwa kwefayela kuzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, "ngokuhamba kwesikhathi", ngaphandle kokudinga izenzo ezengeziwe engxenyeni yomsebenzisi.
Konke lokhu okungenhla kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwedatha futhi kukuvumela ukuthi ucishe uqede ngokuphelele ukuthi kungenzeka ukwebiwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo. Ngokucabangela amakhono engeziwe wedrayivu, lokhu kwenza Incwadi Yami ibe enye yemishini yokugcina evikelekile etholakala emakethe yaseRussia.
Source: www.habr.com