Endaweni ethile phakathi kweMoscow neSt. Petersburg kukhona idolobhana elibizwa ngokuthi i-Udomlya. Ngaphambilini, bekwaziwa nge-Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant. Ngo-2019, kwavela okunye okukhangayo eduze - isikhungo se-megadata sase-Udomlya esinama-rack ayizinkulungwane ezi-4.
Ngemva kokujoyina ithimba le-Rostelecom-DPC, ochwepheshe be-DataLine bazophinde babambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwalesi sikhungo sedatha. Ngokuqinisekile usuvele wezwa okuthile mayelana "Udomlya". Namuhla sinqume ukukutshela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjani lapho.
I-Industrial landscapes: isikhungo sedatha esingu-32 mΒ² kanye nesizinda samandla enuzi ngemuva. Isampula yase-Udomlya yasentwasahlobo ka-000.
Ngezansi kosikiwe siqoqe izithombe ezingaphezu kwezingu-40 zesistimu yobunjiniyela besikhungo sedatha ezinencazelo enemininingwane. Isimanga esijabulisayo silindele labo abafinyelela ekupheleni.
Mayelana nempahla
Isikhungo sedatha sitholakala esifundeni sase-Tver. Uhambo olusuka eMoscow luya e-Udomlya luzothatha cishe amahora amathathu: ihora elingu-1 imizuzu engu-45 ku-Sapsan ukuya esiteshini saseVyshny Volochek, futhi ukusuka lapho, ngesicelo sangaphambili, i-shuttle izohlangana nawe futhi ikuyise esikhungweni sedatha. Kusukela eSt. Petersburg kuya kuVyshny Volochek kuthatha isikhathi eside - amahora angu-2 imizuzu engu-20.
Ngemoto ungafika lapho usuka eMoscow ngamahora angu-4,5, usuka eSt. Petersburg ngo-5.
Yebo, cishe ngeke ufune ukuya lapha ukuze uthole amayunithi ambalwa. Kodwa uma udinga ikhaya elisha lama-racks amaningi, kufanelekile ukubhekisisa. Kunesikhala nogesi owanele, ngisho noma ufuna ukuphinda kabili lesi samba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. E-Moscow, lapho, ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu, izikhungo zedatha zibhukwe esigabeni sokwakha, leli qhinga ngeke lisebenze njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yesikhungo sedatha phakathi kweMoscow neSt. Petersburg ingasetshenziselwa ukubhuka kwe-geo. Uma izikhungo eziyinhloko ziseMoscow noma eSt. Petersburg, khona-ke indawo yokusekelayo ingangena kahle.
Ithimba lezandla ezihlakaniphile lizosiza ngakho konke ukusebenza okujwayelekile esizeni. Bazothola, bakhiphe futhi bafake izinto zokusebenza kuma-racks, bazixhume kumandla nenethiwekhi, futhi banikeze ukufinyelela okukude kumishini. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, bazosiza ngokuxilonga futhi babuyisele izingxenye ezihlulekile.
Isigaba sokuqala sesikhungo sedatha siqukethe amakamelo wekhompyutha we-4, noma amamojula, anama-racks angu-205 ngalinye. Kunamakamelo omshini angu-2 kanye nesikhungo samandla esitezi esiphansi, namanye amakamelo amabili kanye nesikhungo sokuqandisa esitezi sesibili. Asihambe sibone ukuthi yonke into isebenza kanjani lapha.
Ukuvikeleka ngokomzimba
Isikhungo sedatha sithatha indawo eqokiwe, engakwazi ukufakwa ngaphandle kwepasi nomazisi. Labo abafika ngemoto nabo bathola iphasi lokuthutha futhi ngemva kwalokho bangangena esikhungweni sedatha. Kulabo abanakho konke ngokuhlelekile ngephasi yabo, isikhungo sedatha sivulekile 24x7.
Iposi lokuqala lezokuphepha lamahora angama-XNUMX liyisango lokungena endaweni.
Siya phambili futhi sifika endaweni yokuhlola ngqo emnyango wesikhungo sedatha.
Izikhulu zezokuphepha azigcini nje ngokubingelela amakhasimende futhi zikhipha amaphasi, kodwa futhi ziqapha udonga lwevidiyo ubusuku nemini, olubonisa izithombe zazo zonke izakhiwo zangaphakathi zesikhungo sedatha nezindawo ezizungezile.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi
Ugesi uqala uhambo lwawo oluya esikhungweni sedatha usuka esikhungweni samandla enuzi. Isikhungo sedatha sithola i-10 kV kuma-transformer angu-6 asuka phansi. Okulandelayo, i-0,4 kV idlula emizileni emibili ezimele iye ku-switchgear ye-low voltage (LVSD). Bese, nge-DIBP, amandla anikezwa i-IT nemishini yobunjiniyela. Okokufaka okubili okuzimele kulungele i-rack, okungukuthi, i-2N redundancy. Sizokutshela kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yonke into isebenza kanjani ngokunikezwa kwamandla esihlokweni esihlukile.
Indlela kagesi esikhungweni sedatha sase-Udomlya
Amabhasi kagesi lapho ugesi uvela khona e-RUNN uya kumaphaneli kagesi e-DIBP
Imigqa ye-RUNN
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kunesikhungo samandla enuzi eduze, kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sedatha esithembekile ukunikezwa kwamandla okuyinhloko kuthathwa njengokuqinisekisiwe. Ezikhungweni zethu zedatha, njengoba wazi, amasethi akhiqiza udizili anesibopho sakho, kodwa lapha kusetshenziswa ama-UPS aguqukayo (DIUPS). Baphinde banikeze ugesi ongaphazamiseki. Ama-DIUP agcinwe ngokohlelo lwe-N+1.
I-DIPS brand Euro-Diesel (Kinolt) enamandla angu-2 MW. Babhonga kakhulu kangangokuthi kungcono ukuthi bangangeni lapho ngaphandle kwama-earplugs.
Futhi le yindlela esebenza ngayo. I-DIBP iyinhlanganisela yezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: injini ye-diesel, umshini kagesi ovumelanisiwe kanye ne-kinetic energy accumulator ene-rotor. Zonke zihlanganiswe ku-shaft enkulu.
Umshini kagesi ungasebenza kumotho kagesi kanye nemodi ye-generator. Lapho i-DIBP inikwa amandla njalo ukusuka edolobheni, umshini kagesi uyinjini kagesi eguqula i-rotor futhi igcine amandla e-kinetic ebhethri.
Ibhlokhi empunga ngaphambili ingumshini ovumelanisayo we-DIBP
Injini ye-diesel DIBP
Uma amandla edolobha ephela, umshini kagesi ushintshela kumodi ye-generator. Ngenxa yamandla e-kinetic aqoqiwe, i-rotor ibangela ukuthi i-shaft eyinhloko ye-DIBP ijikeleze, umshini kagesi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphandle kwamandla edolobha futhi i-voltage ephumayo ayipheli. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamandla okungaphazamiseki esikhungweni sedatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lokulawula lwe-DIBP luthumela isignali ukuqala injini ye-diesel. Amandla we-kinetic afanayo we-rotor aqala injini ye-diesel futhi ayisize ifinyelele imvamisa yokusebenza. I-rotor ibamba isivinini kuze kufike kumzuzu owodwa, futhi lokhu kwanele ukuthi idizili ingene. Ngemva kokuqala, injini ye-diesel izungeza shaft enkulu, futhi ngayo umshini kagesi (lapha ukushintsha i-DIBP isuka kumodi eyodwa iye kwenye).
Ngenxa yalokho, amandla kuma-racks awalahleki ngisho nomzuzwana.
Ithangi lejeneretha ngalinye likadizili lenzelwe amahora ama-3. Isikhungo sedatha sinendawo yaso yokugcina uphethiloli amathani angama-80, okuzogcina wonke umthwalo wesikhungo sedatha amahora angama-24. Esimeni sokucisha kukagesi okucatshangelwayo (isizinda samandla enuzi esiseduze ngeke sikuvumele lokhu), kunezivumelwano nosonkontileka abaningana abazoletha uphethiloli wedizili ngokushesha endaweni lapho kushaya ucingo. Ngokuvamile, konke kunjengoba kufanele kube.
Njalo ngesonto abakwaDIBP bayazihlola bese beqala injini kadizili. Kanye ngenyanga, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokuvalwa kwesikhashana kwenethiwekhi yedolobha.
Iphaneli yokulawula ye-DIBP
Izakhiwo ze-ShchGP ne-ShchBP
"Imigqa ye-trunk" kanye "nezindawo ezihlanganayo" zezintambo zikagesi
Amagumbi omshini
Imojula ngayinye itholakala endaweni ye-hermetic, ebhokisini elikhethekile. Lezi zindonga ezengeziwe nophahla zivikela igumbi le-turbine othulini, amanzi kanye nomlilo. Lapho wamukela isikhungo sedatha, indawo yokuqukethwe ngokuvamile ichitheka ngamanzi ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvuza.
Uphahla lwesakhiwo kanye nophahla lwalo lwegumbi le-turbine elinamapayipi okukhipha amanzi
Amanzi awela ophahleni lwendawo yokugcina amanzi adlula kumagatha angene epayipini lokudonsa amanzi
Ihholo ngalinye selilungele ukwamukela ama-rack angu-205 anamandla ajwayelekile angu-5 kW.
Ukuhlelwa kwemishini ehholo kuhlelwe ngokulandela uhlelo lwamaphasishi abandayo nashisayo.
Ukutholwa komlilo kusenesikhathi kanye nezinhlelo zokucisha umlilo ngegesi zihanjiswa ophahleni.
Izinzwa zentuthu nazo zitholakala ngaphansi kwesitezi esiphakanyisiwe. Kwanele ukuqala noma yiziphi izinzwa ezimbili futhi inhlabamkhosi yomlilo izokhala, kodwa sizokhuluma ngalokho kamuva nje.
Khona lapho, eduze kwemigqa yama-air conditioner, kunezinzwa zokuvuza kwe-tape.
Iphaseji ngalinye phakathi kwezinto zokubala βliyabhekwaβ ngamakhamera e-CCTV.
Uma ufisa, ama-racks angafakwa ngemuva kocingo olukhethekile (ikheji) kanye namakhamera engeziwe, izinhlelo zokulawula ukufinyelela nezinzwa zokunyakaza, izinzwa zevolumu, njll. zingafakwa kuwo.
Isiqandisi
Isikhungo sedatha sase-Udomlya sisebenzisa isekethe ye-ethylene glycol chiller. Kukhona ama-air conditioner emakamelweni omshini, ama-chiller ophahleni, futhi esitezi sesibili kukhona isikhungo sefriji esinamapayipi, i-automation kanye nesistimu yokulawula, amaphampu, amathangi okugcina, njll.
Ikamelo ngalinye linama-air conditioner angu-12, ingxenye yawo inama-humidifiers. I-N+1 isikimu sokungadingeki.
Ezimweni ezibandayo, izinga lokushisa ligcinwa phakathi kuka-21-25 Β° C kanye nomswakama 40-60%.
Precision air conditioners Stulz Cyber ββββCool
Kunezindandatho ezimbili ezizungeze igumbi ngalinye lomshini: umugqa "obandayo" ohlinzeka nge-ethylene glycol epholile ku-air conditioner, kanye nomugqa "oshisayo" osusa i-glycol evuthayo kusukela kuma-air conditioner kuya kuma-chiller. Uma sivula indawo ephansi ephaseji, sizobona amaconsi emakamelweni emishini avela ohlelweni lwesiqandisi.
Umzila we-ethylene glycol umi kanje: kusukela ku-air conditioner, i-ethylene glycol evuthayo ingena kuqala emgqeni wokubuyisela eduze kwegumbi lomshini, bese ingena endandatho evamile. Khona-ke i-ethylene glycol iya empompini bese iye ku-chiller, lapho ipholiswa ibe ngu-10 Β°C. Ngemva kwe-chiller, i-ethylene glycol ibuyela ku-air conditioner ngomugqa ovamile wokuhlinzeka ngendandatho, amathangi okugcina kanye nendandatho ezungeze imojuli.
Umdwebo wokuhlinzeka ngokupholisa wesikhungo sedatha
Yile ndlela isikhungo sefriji esibukeka ngayo lapho kudlula i-100 m3 ye-ethylene glycol.
Iziqukathi ezimpunga amathangi okunweba. I-ethylene glycol eshisayo idlula kuzo lapho isendleleni eya endaweni epholile. Ehlobo, i-ethylene glycol iyakhula futhi idinga indawo eyengeziwe.
Lezi zitsha ezihlaba umxhwele zingamathangi okugcina, angama-5 m3 lilinye. Bahlinzeka ngokupholisa okungaphazamiseki kwesikhungo sedatha uma kwenzeka kubanda.
I-ethylene glycol epholile esuka emathangini inikezwa ohlelweni, futhi lokhu kuvumela izinga lokushisa le-air conditioner ukuthi ligcinwe ku-19 Β°C imizuzu engu-5. Ngisho noma kungu +40Β°C ngaphandle.
Amaphampu esiqandisi
Izihlungi ze-Mesh ephaketheni kanye namathangi okuhlukanisa okuhlanza i-ethylene glycol ezinhlayiyeni zemishini nomoya.
Umugqa obomvu omncane ophansi ngaphansi kwamapayipi yi-tape yezinzwa ezivuzayo. Bahamba kuwo wonke umjikelezo wesikhungo sokuqandisa.
Uma noma yimaphi amapayipi avuzayo, i-ethylene glycol izodlula ohlelweni lokudonsa amanzi futhi igcine ethangini elikhethekile ekamelweni lokuhlanza amanzi. Kukhona futhi amathangi amabili ane-"spare" ethylene glycol ukuze agcwalise uhlelo lwesiqandisi uma kwenzeka kuvuza okukhulu.
Futhi mayelana nama-chillers. Kunama-chiller angu-5 ophahleni kusetshenziswa isikimu se-N+1 sokuhlehlisa kabusha. Nsuku zonke, i-automation inquma, kuye ngamahora okusebenza, ukuthi iyiphi i-chiller okufanele uyibeke endaweni yokugcina.
Ama-Chiller ohlobo lwe-Stulz CyberCool 2 enamandla angu-1096 kW
Ama-Chiller asekela izindlela ezintathu:
- i-compressor - kusuka ku-12 Β° C;
- kuxutshwe - ku-0-12 Β° C;
- ukupholisa kwamahhala - kusuka ku-0 nangaphansi. Le modi ibandakanya ukupholisa i-ethylene glycol ngokusebenza kwamafeni esikhundleni se-compressor.
Ukuphepha komlilo
Isikhungo sedatha sineziteshi ezimbili zokucisha umlilo zegesi. Ngayinye iqukethe amabhethri amabili amasilinda ayi-11: eyokuqala iyona eyinhloko, eyesibili iyindawo egciniwe.
Uhlelo lokulwa nomlilo lwesikhungo sedatha luxhunywe kuseva ye-Kalinin NPP, futhi, uma kunesidingo, isevisi yomlilo wesiteshi izofika esizeni kungakapheli imizuzu.
Isithombe sibonisa isistimu ye-alamu yomlilo kanye nenkinobho yokuphuma esimweni esiphuthumayo egumbini le-turbine. Lokhu kokugcina kuyadingeka uma iminyango ingavulwanga ngesizathu esithile ngesikhathi se-alamu yomlilo: inqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla kukhiye kagesi.
Ezokuxhumana ngocingo
Imigwaqo emibili yaseRostelecom ifika esikhungweni sedatha ngemizila ezimele. Isistimu ngayinye ye-DWDM inomthamo wama-Terabits angu-8.
Isikhungo sedatha sinokufaka kwe-telecom okubili, okutholakala ebangeni elingaphezu kwamamitha angama-25 ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Okunye okukhona kusayithi kukhona opharetha i-Rascom, i-Telia Carrier Russia, i-Consyst, ne-DataLine izovela maduze nje.
Ukusuka e-Udomlya ungakha umsele oya eMoscow, eSt. Petersburg noma kuphi eRussia nasemhlabeni.
Ukuqapha
Onjiniyela abasemsebenzini basemsebenzini esikhungweni sokuqapha ubusuku nemini.
Lonke ulwazi olumayelana nezinhlelo zobunjiniyela lutholwa lapha: izimo zezulu ehholo, isimo sokufakwayo, i-DIBP, njll.
Njalo emahoreni amabili, izisebenzi ezisemsebenzini zivakashela zonke izakhiwo zengqalasizinda ukuze zihlole isimo sobunjiniyela nemishini ye-IT.
Ukusekela ingqalasizinda
Indawo yokuthulula ihlinzekwa ukulethwa kwemishini esikhungweni sedatha.
Indawo yokulayisha kusuka ngaphakathi.
Uma ihholo lakho lisesitezi sesibili, khona-ke le lift ye-hydraulic izoletha noma yiziphi izinto zokusebenza lapho.
Amalokha okugcina amathuluzi amaklayenti, nokuningi.
Okuncane mayelana nempilo yansuku zonke
Kubasebenzi baphakade, ungaqasha izindawo zokusebenza ezihlomele engxenyeni yehhovisi. Uma uvakashela ngezikhathi ezithile, ungahlala ehhotela lesikhashana elinazo zonke izinsiza endaweni yesikhungo sedatha.
Ingxenye yehhovisi nayo inegumbi lokudlela nekhishi.
Futhi kukhona imvelo emangalisayo nxazonke namahlathi, amachibi, imifula, ukudoba kanye neminye imisebenzi yangaphandle. Woza uzovakasha.
Njengoba kuthenjisiwe, ibhonasi enhle kulabo abenze kwaze kwaba sekugcineni. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala, kuzobe kumahhala ukuqasha indawo yokubeka e-Udomlya enamandla angu-5 kW. Khokhela kuphela ugesi osetshenzisiwe. Thumela isicelo sakho ku .
Source: www.habr.com