"Indlela izinkampani ezibuguqule ngayo ubumfihlo bakho", u-Arthur Khachuyan (Tazeros Global)

Usuku Lokuvikelwa Kwedatha yomuntu siqu, eMinsk, 2019. Umhleli: inhlangano yamalungelo abantu i-Human Constanta.

Umethuli (lokhu osekuthiwa ngu-B): - U-Arthur Khachuyan uhlanganyela ... Singasho ukuthi "ohlangothini olumnyama" kumongo wenkomfa yethu?

U-Arthur Khachuyan (ngemuva kwalokhu – AH): - Ngasohlangothini lwebhizinisi, yebo.

B: - Uqoqa idatha yakho, ayithengisele izinkampani.

OH: - Akunjalo Empeleni…

B: - Futhi uzokutshela ukuthi izinkampani zingasebenzisa kanjani idatha yakho, kwenzekani kudatha uma ixhumeke ku-inthanethi. Cishe ngeke akutshele ukuthi wenzeni ngakho. Sizoqhubeka sicabange...

OH: - Ngizokutshela, ngizokutshela. Eqinisweni, ngeke ngikutshele isikhathi eside, kodwa emcimbini odlule ngaziswa kumuntu ogama lakhe le-Facebook livimbe ngisho ne-akhawunti yenja yakhe.
Sanibonani nonke! Igama lami ngingu-Arthur. Empeleni ngenza ukucubungula nokuqoqwa kwedatha. Impela, angithengisi noma iyiphi idatha yomuntu siqu kunoma ngubani osesizindeni somphakathi. Ukudlala. Umkhakha wami engiwenzayo uwukukhipha ulwazi kudatha yomthombo ovulekile. Lapho okuthile ngokomthetho akuyona idatha yomuntu siqu, kodwa ulwazi lungakhishwa kulo futhi lwenze lufane ngenani njengokungathi le datha itholwe kudatha yomuntu siqu. Ngeke ngikutshele lutho oluthusayo ngempela. Yiqiniso, lokhu kumayelana neRussia, kodwa futhi nginezibalo mayelana neBelarus.

Siyini isikali sangempela?

Ngosuku olungaphambi kwayizolo ngangiseMoscow kwelinye lamaqembu ahamba phambili, abusayo (ngeke ngisho ukuthi iyiphi), futhi saxoxa ngokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi ethile. Futhi lokho kusho ukuthi umqondisi we-IT waleli qembu uyasukuma athi: “Uthe, izinombolo nokunye, uyazi, i-2nd Directorate ye-FSB ingilungiselele inothi lapha, elithi kunamaRussia ayizigidi ezingama-24 ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. . Futhi uthi - 120-into. Eqinisweni, abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amathathu bethu abayisebenzisi i-Internet.” Ngithi yebo? KULUNGILE".

Abantu abasiboni ngempela isikali. Lezi akuzona ngempela izinhlaka zikahulumeni, okungenzeka ukuthi aziqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi i-intanethi isebenza kanjani, kodwa empeleni umama, isibonelo. Manje useqalile ukuqonda ukuthi bamnika ikhadi ePerekrestok ngesizathu, hhayi ngenxa yezaphulelo ezidabukisayo ezinikezwa nguPerekrestok, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi idatha yakhe isetshenziswa ku-OFD, ukuthenga, amamodeli wokubikezela, njalonjalo.

Ngokuvamile, kunezakhamuzi eziningi kakhulu, futhi kukhona ulwazi mayelana nabaningi emithonjeni evulekile. Mayelana nabanye abantu kuphela isibongo sabo saziwayo, mayelana nabanye konke kwaziwa, kuze kufike ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile abazithandayo (ngihlala ngihlekisa ngalokhu, kodwa kuyiqiniso); kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zolwazi: ukuthi abantu bahamba kaningi kangakanani, bahlangana nobani, bathengani, bahlala nobani, bahamba kanjani - inqwaba yazo zonke izinhlobo zolwazi ezimbi, hhayi ezimbi kakhulu nezilungile ezingase zisetshenziswe (angazi angazi nokuthi yisiphi isikali okufanele siqhamuke naso njengamanje, kodwa noma kunjalo).

Kukhona amanethiwekhi omphakathi, okuyiqiniso, isethi enkulu yedatha evulekile, edlala ngobuthakathaka babantu ababonakala bekhala ngobumfihlo. Kodwa empeleni kufana nalokhu: uma ucabanga igrafu eminyakeni engu-5 edlule, izinga le-hysteria mayelana nedatha yomuntu siqu likhula, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inani lama-akhawunti avaliwe kumanethiwekhi omphakathi liyancipha unyaka nonyaka. Kungase kungabi okulungile ngokuphelele ukwenza iziphetho kulokhu, kodwa: into yokuqala emisa noma iyiphi inkampani eqoqa idatha i-akhawunti evaliwe ngobuwula ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ngoba umbono womuntu ngaphakathi kwe-akhawunti yakhe evaliwe, uma engenayo i-100. ababhalisile abayinkulungwane, akuthakazelisi ngempela kunoma yikuphi ukuhlaziywa; kodwa akhona futhi amacala anjalo.

Balutholaphi ulwazi ngathi?

Wake wangqongqoza abangani bakho basesikoleni osunesikhathi eside ungakhulumi nabo, yabe isinyamalala leyo akhawunti? Kukhona lokhu phakathi kwabantu ababi abaqoqa amafoni: bahlaziya abangani (futhi uhlu lwabangane luhlala luvulekile, ngisho noma umuntu evala iphrofayela yakhe, noma uhlu lwabangane lungabuyiselwa "ngakolunye uhlangothi" ngokuqoqa konke. abanye abasebenzisi), bathatha umngane wakho ongasebenzi, benze ikhophi yekhasi lakhe, bangqongqoze emnyango womngane wakho, uyamengeza futhi ngemva kwemizuzwana emibili i-akhawunti iyasuswa; kodwa ikhophi yekhasi lakho isala. Lokhu, empeleni, okwenziwa abafana muva nje, lapho amaphrofayli ayizigidi ezingu-68 avela ku-Facebook endizela endaweni ethile - bangeza wonke umuntu njengabangane ngendlela efanayo, bakopisha lolu lwazi, baze babhalela othile emilayezo eyimfihlo, benza okuthile ...

Izingosi zokuxhumana ziwumthombo omkhulu wolwazi, cishe i-80% yamacala ulwazi luthathwa ngomuntu othize hhayi ngokuqondile, kodwa kusukela endaweni eseduze - lezi zonke izinhlobo zolwazi olungaqondile, izimpawu (sikubiza ngokuthi "Evil Ex-Girlfriend ” i-algorithm), ngoba omunye womngane wami unginikeze lo mbono omuhle kakhulu. Akazange alandele isoka lakhe - wayehlala elandela abangani bakhe abahlanu futhi eyazi ukuthi ukuphi. Lokhu empeleni kuyisizathu sokubhala yonke indatshana yesayensi.

Kunenani elikhulu lama-bots enza zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezinhle nezimbi. Kukhona abangenabungozi ababhalisela wena ngobuwula ukuze bakwazi ukukukhangisa ngezimonyo; futhi kukhona amanethiwekhi anzima azama ukuphoqa imibono yawo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokhetho. Angazi ukuthi kunjani eBelarus, kodwa eMoscow, ngaphambi kokhetho lomasipala, ngesizathu esithile ngaba nenani elikhulu labangane abangajwayelekile, ngamunye ekhankasela ikhandidethi elihlukile, okungukuthi, abahlaziyi ngokuphelele okuqukethwe. Ngiyadla - bazama nje ukuphoqelela uhlobo oluthile lokuguqulwa okungaqondakali, ngokucabangela iqiniso lokuthi angibhalisiwe eMoscow nhlobo futhi ngeke ngihambe ngiyovota.

Indawo yokulahla udoti iwumthombo wolwazi oluyingozi

Futhi, kukhona i-Thor, engabukelwa phansi - wonke umuntu ucabanga ukuthi udinga ukuya lapho kuphela ukuze uthenge izidakamizwa noma uthole ukuthi izikhali zihlanganiswa kanjani. Kodwa empeleni kunemithombo eminingi yedatha laphaya. Cishe zonke azikho emthethweni (njengokungathi, azikho emthethweni), ngoba othile ubengangena ku-database yenkampani yenkampani yomoya endaweni ethile ye-hacker futhi wayiphonsa lapho. Ngokomthetho, awukwazi ukusebenzisa le datha, kodwa uma uthola ulwazi oluthile kuyo (njengasenkantolo yaseMelika), isibonelo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa okurekhodiwe kwengxoxo yomsindo eyenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume, kodwa ulwazi olutholile kulo msindo. ukuqopha, ngeke ukhohlwe - futhi nakhu kucishe kufane.

Lokhu empeleni kuyingozi kakhulu, ngakho ngihlala ngincokola, kodwa kuyiqiniso. Ngihlale ngi-oda ukudla endlini engumakhelwane, ngoba i-Delivery Club iphuka kaningi, futhi inezinkinga ezinjalo ngempela. Futhi muva nje ngimangele kakhulu: Ngangi-oda igilosa, futhi ebhokisini engangiliyisa kudoti, kwakukhona isitikha esasibhalwe ukuthi “Arthur Khachuyan”, inombolo yocingo, ikheli lefulethi, ikhodi ye-intercom kanye ne-imeyili. Saze sazama nokuxoxisana nomasipala waseMoscow ukuze usinikeze ukufinyelela endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu: ngokuvamile, woza endaweni yokugcina imfucumfucu bese uzama, ngenjongo nje yokuthakazelisa, ukuzama ukuthola okunye okukhulunywa ngakho ngedatha yomuntu siqu - ukwenza into efana nale. ucwaningo oluncane. Kodwa basenqaba ngesikhathi bethola ukuthi sifuna ukuza nabasebenzi baseRoskomnadzor.

Kodwa lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela. Uke wayibuka imuvi emnandi ethi "Hackers"? Bebelokhu bebhuquza kudoti befuna ingxenye ethile yegciwane. Lokhu futhi kuyinto ethandwayo - lapho abantu bephonsa okuthile emithonjeni evulekile, bayakhohlwa ngakho. Lokhu kungaba yisizindalwazi sesikole lapho ababhala khona incwadi yokubusa kwabamhlophe, base beya kwaDuma loMbuso bakhohlwa. Amacala anjalo ayenzeka ngempela.

Yini amalungu e-United Russia ayithandayo?

Uma uya esigabeni esiphezulu kuwebhusayithi ye-LifeNews... Abafundi bangenzela isifundo eminyakeni emibili edlule: bathatha bonke ababambe iqhaza kuma-primaries e-United Russia (bonke bahambisa ngokusemthethweni ama-akhawunti abo ezokuxhumana ku-All-Russian Central I-Executive Committee), babheka lokho ababekuthanda ngokuvamile - izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zezingane, udoti, izikhangiso ezingaqondakali ezivela kwabesifazane abadala abangavamile ... Ngokuvamile, abantu babonakala bekhohliwe ngakho.

Base bebhala incwadi bethi kwebiwe ama-akhawunti abantu abangamashumi amabili. Kodwa ama-akhawunti abo antshontshiwe emasontweni amabili edlule, ezinyangeni ezingu-8 ezedlule bawahambisa kukhomishana yokhetho, futhi okuthandwayo kwaba eminyakeni emibili edlule ... Ngokuvamile, uyaqonda, akunjalo? Kukhona inani elikhulu ngempela lolwazi lapho elingasetshenziswa njalo ngisho nangezinhloso zocwaningo.

I-Minioftopchik: izolo ngibone izindaba zokuthi i-Roskomnadzor ivimbele ucwaningo lwabafundi be-HSE eminyakeni emibili edlule. Mhlawumbe kukhona obone lezi zindaba, cha? Kwakungabafundi bami abenze ucwaningo: bona abavela e-Tor, abavela kuwebhusayithi ye-Hydra lapho kuthengiswa khona izidakamizwa (uxolo, kwa-Rampa), baqoqa ulwazi mayelana nokuthi kubiza malini, kusiphi isifunda sase-Russia, futhi benza ucwaningo. Yayibizwa ngokuthi "I-Party People's Consumer Basket." Lokhu, yiqiniso, kuyinto ehlekisayo, kodwa kusukela ekubukeni kokuhlaziywa kwedatha, isethi yedatha iyathakazelisa ngempela - khona-ke eminye iminyaka emibili ngaya kuzo zonke izinhlobo "ze-hackathons". Lokhu kuyinto yangempela - kunezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo lapho.

Thola ukuthintana kanjani "uthenge imiphefumulo" yabasebenzisi abanelukuluku nokuthi kungani udinga ukufunda isivumelwano somsebenzisi

Imvamisa, uma ubuza umuntu ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuvuza kwedatha olwesabayo (ikakhulukazi uma umuntu enekhamera yewebhu ehlanganisiwe), uhlala ebeka ukwakheka kwezinto eziza kuqala njengalokhu: abaduni, umbuso, izinkampani.

Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyihlaya. Kodwa eqinisweni, abahlaziyi bedatha abasebenzayo, zonke izinhlobo zabacwaningi bedatha baye bantshontsha okungaphezu kwalokho, kubonakala kimi, isiRashiya esibi, iMelika noma yimuphi omunye abaduni (faka esikhundleni sanoma yikuphi, kuye ngezinkolelo zakho zezombangazwe). Ngokuvamile, wonke umuntu uvamise ukukwesaba lokhu - ngokuqinisekile nonke niye nakhava ikhamera yakho yewebhu? Awudingi ngisho nokuphakamisa izandla zakho.

Kodwa uma abaduni benza okuthile okungekho emthethweni, futhi umbuso udinga imvume yomthetho ukuze uthole idatha, khona-ke abafana bakamuva [izinkampani] abadingi lutho nhlobo, ngoba banento efana nesivumelwano somsebenzisi, okungekho muntu owake wasifunda. Futhi ngethemba ngempela ukuthi izehlakalo ezinjalo zisazophoqa abantu ukuthi bafunde izivumelwano. Angazi ukuthi kunjani eBelarus, kodwa eMoscow maphakathi nalowo nyaka kwaba khona igagasi lohlelo lokusebenza lwe-“GetContact” (mhlawumbe ubuwazi), lapho isicelo sivela ngaphandle kwendawo esasithi: nikeza isicelo. ukufinyelela kubo bonke othintana nabo, futhi sizokukhombisa ukuthi uqoshwe kanjani uhlekisa.

Akuzange kuvele kwabezindaba, kodwa inqwaba yabasebenzi abasezikhundleni eziphezulu bakhononda kimi ngokuthi wonke umuntu waqala ukufona njalo. Ngokusobala, abaphathi banqume ukuthola inombolo yocingo kaShoigu kule database, omunye umuntu... Volochkova... Into engenabungozi. Kodwa labo abafunde isivumelwano selayisensi ye-GetContact - sithi: ogaxekile ongenamkhawulo ngesikhathi esingenamkhawulo, ukuthengiswa okungalawulwa kwedatha yakho kubantu besithathu, ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa kwamalungelo, isimiso semikhawulo, futhi ngokuvamile konke okungenzeka. Futhi lena empeleni akuyona indaba engavamile kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-Facebook, ngenkathi ngilapho, yabonisa izaziso izikhathi ezingu-15 ngosuku: "Vumelanisa othintana nabo, futhi ngizokutholela bonke abangani bakho onabo!"

Izinkampani azinandaba. I-Federal Law 152 kanye ne-GDPR

Kodwa empeleni, izinto eziza kuqala ziphambene, ngoba izinkampani zivikelwe umthetho wangasese futhi ngakho-ke cishe kuzo zonke izimo akunakwenzeka ukufakazela ukuthi azilungile. Futhi kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi likhulu, liyesabeka futhi libiza kakhulu, lokhu cishe akunakwenzeka. Futhi uma futhi eRussia, kanye nomthetho ophelelwe yisikhathi, ngandlela-thile konke kudabukisayo ngokuphelele.

Uyazi ukuthi umthetho waseRussia (futhi cishe u-Belarusian) uhluke kanjani, isibonelo, i-GDPR? I-Russian Federal Law 152 ivikela idatha (lena insalela yesikhathi esidlule saseSoviet) - idokhumenti evikela idatha ekuvuzeni endaweni ethile. Futhi i-GDPR ivikela amalungelo abasebenzisi - ilungelo lokuthi bazophucwa inkululeko ethile, amalungelo noma enye into, ngoba idatha yabo izovuza ndawana thize (bethule umqondo onjalo ngqo "kudatha"). Kodwa ngathi, konke abangakukhokhisa ngakho kuyinhlawulo yokuthi awunayo i-Excel “Vula” eqinisekisiwe yokucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu. Ngethemba ukuthi lokhu kuzoshintsha ngolunye usuku, kodwa angicabangi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Yiziphi izinketho zangempela zokukhomba namuhla?

Indaba yokuqala, cishe ethusayo wonke umuntu ayehlale ecabanga ngayo kwakuwukufunda imilayezo yomuntu siqu. Impela kukhona umuntu phakathi kwenu owake washo okuthile phezulu wabe esethola ukukhangisa okuhlosiwe. Yebo, zazikhona? Phakamisa izandla zakho.

Empeleni angikholelwa endabeni yokuthi "i-Yandex Navigator" enemibandela ibona umsindo oqondile ekusakazweni kwabo bonke abasebenzisi, ngoba labo abaye baba nolwazi oluncane ngokuqashelwa kwezwi bayaqonda ukuthi: okokuqala, isikhungo sedatha ye-Yandex » kufanele kube. kahlanu ngaphezulu; kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, izindleko zokuheha umuntu onjalo zingabiza imali eningi (ukubona umsindo ekusakazweni nokuqonda ukuthi umuntu ukhuluma ngani). Kodwa! Eqinisweni, kukhona ama-algorithms akumaka usebenzisa amagama angukhiye athile ukuze wenze uhlobo oluthile lokuxhumana kokukhangisa.

Kwakukhona izifundo eziningi ezinjengalezi, futhi izikhathi ezingu-100 ngenza ama-akhawunti angenalutho, ngibhale okuthile kumuntu ngemilayezo, futhi kungazelelwe ngathola isikhangiso esasibonakala singenandaba nakho. Empeleni kuneziphetho ezimbili lapha. Ngokumelene nendaba enjalo, kunenkolelo yokuthi umuntu umane awele ohlotsheni oluthile lwesampula yezibalo; Ake sithi uyindoda eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala, okwamanje, okufanele ngabe uhlangabezane nesifundo solimi lwesiNgisi ngaso leso sikhathi lapho ubhalela othile. Okungenani, i-Facebook ihlale isho lokhu enkantolo: ukuthi kukhona imodeli ethile yokuziphatha esingeke sikubonise yona, eyakhiwe ngedatha esingeke sikubonise yona, sinocwaningo lwangaphakathi esingeke sikubonise nakanjani ( ngoba yonke into iyimfihlo yokuhweba); ngokuvamile, ufakwe kusampula yezibalo, ngakho sikubonise yona.

Indlela ubumfihlo be-Facebook obucasule ngayo abasebenzisi bayo

Ngeshwa, lokhu ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukufakazela ngaphandle kokuthi unothile enkampanini ozoqinisekisa lezi zenzo ngandlela thize. Kodwa emthethweni waseMelika, kulokhu, isivumelwano sokungadalulwa kwalesi sisebenzi siphezulu kunesifiso sakhe sokukusiza, ngakho akekho ozokwenza lokhu. Kuyathakazelisa futhi - bekucishe kube unyaka noma unyaka nengxenye edlule - umkhuba waqala ukukhula eMelika, lapho abantu befaka isandiso sesiphequluli ukuze sibethele imiyalezo ye-Facebook: ubhalela umuntu okuthile, akubhale ngemfihlo. ukhiye ocingweni bese ithumela udoti esizindeni somphakathi.

I-Facebook ibilokhu imangalela le nkampani unyaka nesigamu, futhi akucaci ukuthi yiziphi izizathu (ngoba angiwuqondi kahle umthetho waseMelika) ibaphoqe ukuthi basuse lesi sicelo bese benza isichibiyelo esivumelwaneni somsebenzisi: uma bheka, kunesigatshana esinjalo: ukuthi awukwazi ukudlulisa imilayezo ngendlela ebethelwe - ngandlela-thile ichazwa ngobuhlakani kangangokuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa ama-cryptographic algorithms ukuguqula imilayezo - kukhona into enjalo. Okusho ukuthi, bathi: noma usebenzisa ipulatifomu yethu, bhala esizindeni somphakathi, noma awubhali. Futhi lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo: kungani bedinga imilayezo yomuntu siqu nhlobo?

Imilayezo yomuntu siqu iwumthombo wolwazi oluthembekile XNUMX%.

Lokhu kuyinto elula kakhulu. Wonke umuntu ohlaziya umkhondo wedijithali, umsebenzi womuntu, uzama ukusebenzisa le datha ukuze amakethe noma enye into, banemethrikhi enjengokwethembeka. Okungukuthi, isithombe esithile somuntu - uqonda kahle, lokhu akuyena umuntu ngokwakhe - lesi sithombe sihlala siphumelela kancane, singcono kancane. Imilayezo yomuntu siqu iwulwazi lwangempela olungatholakala ngomuntu; ihlale ithembekile ngo-100%. Hhayi-ke, ngoba akuvamile ukuthi umuntu abhale okuthile kumuntu othile ngemiyalezo yangasese, akhohlise, futhi konke lokhu kungaqinisekiswa kalula - ngokufanele, ngokusho kweminye imilayezo (uyaqonda ukuthi ngikhuluma ngani). Iphuzu liwukuthi ulwazi oluzuzwe ngale ndlela lucishe luthembeke ngo-100%, ngakho wonke umuntu uhlale ezama ukuluthola.

Kodwa noma kunjalo, konke lokhu, futhi, indaba enzima kakhulu ukufakazela. Futhi labo abakholelwa ukuthi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-VKontakte kunokufinyelela okunjalo kwezinhlaka zomthetho zemiyalezo yomuntu siqu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Uma ubheka nje umlando wezicelo zenkantolo zokudalulwa kolwazi, ukuthi i-VKontakte ngobuqili kakhulu (kulokhu i-Mail.ru) ilwa nalezi zicelo.
Impikiswano yabo eyinhloko ihlale ithi: ngokomthetho, ama-ejensi omthetho kufanele athethelele ukuthi kungani kudingeka ukufinyelela emilayezweni yomuntu siqu. Njengomthetho, uma kuwukubulala, umseshi uhlala esho ukuthi cishe umuntu uthe lapho efihle khona isikhali (emilayezweni yomuntu siqu). Kodwa mina nawe siyaqonda ukuthi asikho nesisodwa isigebengu esiphile kahle esingakwazi ukubhalela ozakwabo ku-VKontakte lapho sifihle khona isibhamu. Kodwa lokhu kungenye yezinketho ezivamile ezibikwa yizikhulu.

Futhi nansi esinye isibonelo esinjalo esibi (ngacelwa ukuba nginikeze izibonelo ezimbi namuhla) - mayelana neRussia (ngithemba ukuthi lokhu ngeke kwenzeke eBelarus): ngokomthetho, umphenyi kufanele abe nezizathu ezanele zokuthi umqhubi adalule lolu lwazi. . Ngokwemvelo, le mingcele ethembekile ayichazwanga noma kuphi (ukuthi kufanele ibe yini, ngayiphi indlela), kodwa eRussia manje kunenani elikhulayo lezibonelo lapho isisekelo esinjalo sivela enkantolo uma kukhona imodeli ethile eyabikezela okuthile, okuhle noma okubi, ukuziphatha .

Okusho ukuthi, ezweni lakithi, akekho ongaboshwa (futhi lokhu kuhle) ngokufakwa kusampula yezibalo zababulali abahlanzekile - futhi lokhu kuhle, ngoba kwephula ukucatshangwa kobumsulwa; kodwa kunezibonelo lapho imiphumela yalezo zibikezelo zasetshenziswa khona ukuze kutholwe imvume yomthetho ukuze kutholwe idatha. Hhayi kuphela eRussia, ngendlela. Kukhona into enjalo naseMelika. Lapho, "i-Palantir" nayo yabulala wonke umuntu isikhathi eside, isebenzisa izinto ezifanayo. Indaba esabekayo.

Lolu wucwaningo lwami. Senze lokhu: sazungeza iSt. Petersburg, ezindaweni ezinamachashazi aluhlaza, sabhalela abangani amaphuzu athile abalulekile kuma-akhawunti “ahlanzekile” - njengokuthi “Ngifuna ukuphuza ikhofi”, “ngingawuthengaphi umpushana wokuwasha?” njalo njalo. Futhi-ke, ngokufanelekile, bathola ukukhangisa okuxhumene ne-geo. Ngayiphi indlela yomlingo... Noma njengoba bethi: “Kwaqondana? Ungacabangi!" Lena imilayezo yomuntu siqu ku-VKontakte. Kwangathi i-Mail.ru ingixolele, kodwa lokhu kunjalo. Noma ubani angaphinda ukuhlola okunjalo.

Ngendlela, lapho bebhala isitatimende besekela, i-Mail yathi kukhona amaphoyinti e-wi-fi lapho, futhi ikheli lakho le-Mac lathathwa. Lokhu kukhona futhi.

Izindlela zokuthola nezinketho ezivamile zokuvuza idatha yomuntu siqu

Indaba elandelayo iwukukhishwa kolwazi olwengeziwe, ucezu lwayo engiluthinte ngempela. Eqinisweni, iphrofayili yomuntu eqediwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana empeleni ithwala u-15-20% wolwazi lwangempela olugcinwa opharetha wedatha ngaye. Indaba esele iphuma ezintweni ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Ucabanga ukuthi kungani i-Google ithuthukisa imitapo yolwazi yombono wekhompyutha kangaka? Ikakhulukazi, babephakathi kwabokuqala abathuthukisa imitapo yolwazi ikakhulukazi yokuhlaziya nokuhlukanisa izinto ngezigaba - ngemuva, ngaphambili, noma kuphi. Ngoba lokhu kuwumthombo omkhulu wolwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwefulethi umuntu analo, imoto, lapho ehlala khona, izinto zokunethezeka ...

Kube nokugxusha okuningi "kwe-hacker" lapho amanethiwekhi e-neural aqeqeshiwe e-Google ehlanganiswa (angazi ukuthi ayengobani, kodwa namanje). Kwakunolwazi oluningi oluthakazelisayo esihlokweni sosayizi webele, usayizi okhalweni - abantu abazamanga ukuthola mayelana nabanye abantu ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezithombe. Ngoba lapho umuntu ethatha isithombe, akacabangi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuthi zingaki izinto ezithakazelisayo angazifunda kuso? Mangaki amaphasipoti asanda kuzalwa athunyelwa eRussia? .. Noma: "Shesha, ingane yami ithole i-visa"! Lokhu ngokuvamile ubuhlungu bomphakathi wanamuhla.

Enye i-offtopic (ngizokwabelana nawe ngamaqiniso namuhla): eMoscow, ukuvuza okuvame kakhulu kwedatha yomuntu siqu kusezinkonzweni zezindlu nezokuhlalisana, lapho uhlu lwabakweletayo lulengiswa emnyango, futhi laba bakweleta babe sebemangalela ngoba idatha yabo yomuntu siqu. yenziwe yatholakala esidlangalaleni ngaphandle kwezimvume zabo. Kuthiwani uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe ... Iphuzu liwukuthi lapho umuntu enza okuthile, akazi ukuthi yini eyayikuleso sithombe, okwakungekho. Ziningi izinombolo zezimoto manje.

Sake senza ucwaningo - sazama ukuqonda ukuthi bangaki abantu abanezithombe ezivulekile zezimoto (ngakho-ke, banamacala, njalonjalo) - lokhu, ngeshwa, kungenziwa kuphela kusetshenziswa isizindalwazi samaphoyisa omgwaqo ahlanganisiwe, lapho kukhona kuphela inombolo (okungelona ulwazi oluthembekile kakhulu), kodwa futhi yayithakazelisa.

Isikhangiso sakho esilandelayo sincike ekutheni usisebenzise kanjani esedlule

Lena indaba yokuqala. Indaba yesibili amaphethini okuziphatha, okuqukethwe umuntu akusebenzisayo, ngoba enye yamamethrikhi abaluleke kakhulu amanethiwekhi omphakathi azama ukuwakha ngawe yindlela osebenzisana ngayo nokukhangisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inembile kangakanani, "yesabekayo" ama-algorithms angase abe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa nakho konke okunye kungase kube okumangalisayo, okubaluleke kakhulu kwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nomphakathi kuhlale kukwenza imali. Ngakho-ke, uma okuthiwa "i-Coca-Cola" ifika futhi ithi, "Ngifuna zonke izakhamuzi zaseBelarus zibone okuthunyelwe kwami," zizokubona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-algorithms acabangani ngalo muntu nokuthi angamkhomba kanjani lapho. Cishe uthole ukukhangisa, ngaphezu kombhedo ohloswe kakhulu, ongahlobene ngokuphelele. Ngoba bakhokha imali eningi ngalombhedo ongahlangene nawo.

Kodwa enye yama-metrics ayinhloko ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi okuqukethwe ohlanganyela nakho kangcono, okungukuthi indlela osabela ngayo kukho, ukuze ngikubonise indaba yokukhangisa efanayo. Futhi ngokufanele, lena imethrikhi yokuthi uxhumana kanjani nokukhangisa: ubani oyivimbelayo, ubani ongakwenzi, ukuthi umuntu uchofoza kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufunda kuphela izihloko zezindaba noma uwela ngokuphelele endabeni; bese-ke, ngokusekelwe kulokhu, qhubeka ukukugcina kulokhu, njengoba manje sekubizwa ngokuthi, "ibhamuza lokuhlunga", ukuze uqhubeke nokusebenzisana nalokhu okuqukethwe.

Uma uke waba nentshisekelo, ungazama isikhathi eside, isonto, mhlawumbe inyanga, umane uvimbele konke ukukhangisa kusuka ezinkundleni zokuxhumana: bakukhombisa isikhangiso esithile bese uyasivala. Uma uhlaziya lokhu futhi ukubeke egrafu, kuzoba nendaba ethakazelisayo: uma uvimbela ukukhangisa ngesonto, ngesonto elizayo kuzokukhombisa inguqulo ethuthukisiwe futhi ngokuvamile evela ezigabeni ezahlukene; okungukuthi, ngokwemibandela, uthanda izinja, futhi uboniswa izikhangiso nezinja - uvimbele zonke izinja, bese zizoqala ukukubonisa zonke izinhlobo zombhedo ohlukahlukene kusuka kuzinketho ezahlukene ukuze uzame ukuqonda okudingayo.

Futhi-ke, ekugcineni, bazokufela ngamathe, bakuphawule njengomuntu ongahlanganyeli nokukhangisa, babeke isiphambano kuwe, futhi ngaleso sikhathi bazoqala ukukubonisa izikhangiso ezivela ezinkampanini ezicebile kuphela. Okusho ukuthi, kulo mzuzu uzobona kuphela izikhangiso ze-Coca-Cola, i-Kit-Kit, i-Unilever nabo bonke abantu abenza imali enkulu ngoba udinga ukwandisa ukubuka. Yenza isilingo inyanga yonke: vala konke ukukhangisa isonto elilodwa noma amabili, bese ubona yonke into ngokulandelana, futhi ukuvimbele - ekugcineni, uzobona kuphela ukukhangisa, njengoba kuvela kamuva (kanye nezinkampani zokukhangisa zithi), kuphela. amaklayenti akhokhela ukubukwa , ngoba akwenzeki ukuqonda ukuthi uhlanganyela kanjani nalezi zikhangiso.

I-Porn ibukwa kaningi yilabo abavame ukucwiliswa ekujuleni kokuqukethwe.

Ngokunjalo, nansi indaba emayelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zokulandelela ukuziphatha. Nginesibonelo esithakazelisayo - izivakashi zewebhusayithi kahulumeni. Into ehlekisayo ukuthi lapho abantu bebuka ukujula okwengeziwe, laba bantu bakhetha ukubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ebuhlotsheni bendabuko. "Ngiyaxolisa" ukuthi ngilokhu ngikhuluma ngalesi sihloko, kodwa empeleni nginobudlelwane obuhle kakhulu ne-Pornhub, futhi lolu cwaningo luhlala luthakazelisa kakhulu, ngoba lesi sihloko esibonakala singathandeki, kodwa sikhuluma okuningi ngomuntu . Futhi amaphuzu alandelayo alandelayo kulokhu mayelana nokubuya kwethrafikhi ... Sizokhumbula futhi nge "Pornohub"!

Yini ebhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu futhi kungenzeka yini ukuvula i-iPhone ngemodeli yobuso be-3D?

Engikuthandayo ukweqa umthetho wobumfihlo. Uma ufunda imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe ye-Facebook efanayo, enikeze imibhalo yangaphakathi (ngokwesibonelo, enkantolo), ngeke uthole noma yikuphi okushiwo lapho ngokuqashelwa kobuso noma ukuhlaziya izwi. Kuzoba nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okungekho ummeli oqeqeshiwe ozozithola ngaphakathi komthetho. Lapha eRussia isebenza cishe ngendlela efanayo - ngizokukhombisa le nto manje.

Ubonani lapha? Noma yimuphi umuntu ojwayelekile uzothi ubuso. Lokhu, ngendlela, nguSasha Grey, ngombono wami. Kodwa ngokomthetho, lokhu kuyi-matrix yamaphuzu athile amathathu-ntathu, okukhona kuwo ayizinkulungwane ezingu-300. Okungcono noma okubi kakhulu, lokhu akubhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu ngokomthetho. Ngokuvamile, i-RKN yaseRussia ayibheki isithombe esisodwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu - ibheka idatha yomuntu siqu uma kukhona okunye okuseduze (isibonelo, igama eligcwele noma inombolo yocingo), futhi lesi sithombe ngokwaso asilutho nhlobo. Ngokushesha nje lapho umthetho we-biometrics wethulwa, futhi idatha ye-biometric yalinganiswa nedatha yomuntu siqu (ngakho-ke, cishe kakhulu), wonke umuntu waqala ukusho ngokushesha: lokhu akuyona idatha ye-biometric, lena inqwaba yamachashazi! Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha uguquko oluqondile noma oluphambene ne-Fourier kusuka kulolu hlu lwamaphuzu, kubonakala sengathi awukwazi ukuhoxisa igama lomuntu kusukela kulolu shintsho, kodwa ungamkhomba. Ngokusobala, le nto ayiphuli umthetho.
Ngiphinde ngenza olunye ucwaningo: lena i-algorithm eyakha ukwakhiwa kabusha kobuso obuntathu-ntathu usebenzisa imithombo evulekile - sithatha i-akhawunti ye-Instagram bese singaphrinta ubuso kuphrinta ye-3D. Ngendlela, kulabo abanentshisekelo, nginesixhumanisi esizindeni somphakathi; uma ngokuzumayo othile efuna ukuvula i-iPhone yomuntu othile ... Ukudlala nje - i-iPhone ayikwazi ukuvulwa, ikhwalithi iyancipha.

Iphrofayela evaliwe iyinhlanganisela yokuphepha

Lokhu kuyinto yokuqala, futhi okwesibili ... Sengike ngathinta iqiniso lokuthi ulwazi lutholakala ikakhulukazi endaweni yomsebenzisi. Lesi sithombe ngasidweba ngo-17: umsebenzisi ojwayelekile wezinkundla zokuxhumana zaseRussia ungaphakathi, unesilinganiso sabangane abangaba ngu-200-300, abangani bakhe babangane nabangane bakhe babangane babangane.

Siyabonga ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ngokwethula ama-algorithms e-e-feeds "ehlakaniphile", iminyaka ebalulekile, okucatshangwa ukuthi izokwandisa amathuba okuba uhlangane nokuqukethwe okuthile okuthakazelisayo. Leli inani labantu abangakwazi ukubona okuqukethwe okukhiqizayo nganoma isiphi isikhathi, ngisho noma i-akhawunti yakho ilinganiselwe kuphela emazingeni aphezulu obumfihlo (okwabangane babangane kuphela, njalo njalo). Laba abangani babangani:

Uma umuntu ecabanga ukuthi lapho ekhetha ukubona "abangane babangane" kokuthi "Okuthunyelwe Kwami" ku-VK, khona-ke ukuxhawula izandla ezintathu cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-800, okuyinto empeleni akuyona encane kakhulu, kodwa incike kokuqukethwe kwakho. Mhlawumbe wenza ukusakaza okungcolile, futhi bonke laba bangani babangane bangahlanganyela nalokhu okuqukethwe. Omunye wabo angase aphinde athumele okuthile endaweni ethile, bonke abantu banokuphakelayo okuthandwayo, okungenzeka ukuthi kuzokhanselwa, ngoba akuyona into yomuntu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, nganoma isiphi isikhathi okuqukethwe kungagcina endaweni ethile.

I-VK yethula amaphrofayili avaliwe kakhulu ngalowo nyaka, kodwa kuze kube manje bambalwa kakhulu abantu abawasebenzisile (ngeke ngisho ukuthi bangaki, kodwa mancane!). Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku abantu bazokuqonda lokhu - ngithemba ngobuqotho kanjalo. Lonke ucwaningo luhlale luhlose ukwenza abantu baqonde ubukhulu bezinkinga. Ngoba kuze kube yilapho othile ethinteka ngokuqondile ngento ethile embi kakhulu, abasoze bacabanga ngayo. Qhubeka.

Ama-ejensi kahulumeni awazi ukuthi iyini idatha yomuntu siqu futhi abajahi ukuyichaza

Noma yimuphi uchwepheshe womthetho wedatha yomuntu uhlala esho lokhu okulandelayo: awudingi neze ukuhlanganisa imithombo yedatha ehlukene, ngoba lapha unama-imeyili (lokhu kuyidatha yomuntu siqu enezihlonzi ezithile ezingaziwa), nali igama lakho eligcwele... Uma lokhu kuhlanganiswa yonke into, kubonakala sengathi izoba idatha yomuntu siqu. Ngokuvamile, kungaba okulungile ukuthinta lesi sihloko kuqala, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi usuvele ucwile kuso futhi uyazi, mhlawumbe, ukuthi umthetho usebenza kanjani.

Eqinisweni, akekho owaziyo ukuthi iyini idatha yomuntu siqu. Umqondo obalulekile! Uma ngifika ezikhungweni zikahulumeni, ngithi: “Ibhodlela le-cognac lanoma ubani ongakutshela ukuthi yini idatha yomuntu siqu.” Futhi akekho ongasho. Kungani? Hhayi ngoba beyiziphukuphuku, kodwa ngoba akekho ofuna ukuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo. Ngoba uma uRoskomnadzor ethi lokhu kuyidatha yomuntu siqu, kusasa othile uzokwenza okuthile, futhi bayoba necala; futhi bayiziphathimandla futhi akufanele babhekane nalutho nhlobo.

Iphuzu liwukuthi umthetho usho ngokucacile ukuthi idatha yomuntu siqu iyidatha umuntu angabonakala ngayo. Futhi kukhona isibonelo: igama eligcwele, ikheli lasekhaya, inombolo yocingo. Kodwa mina nawe siyazi ukuthi ungakwazi ukukhomba umuntu ngenxa yendlela acindezela ngayo izinkinobho, nangenxa yokuthi uxhumana kanjani nesixhumi esibonakalayo, nangeminye imingcele engaqondile. Uma kukhona onentshisekelo: cishe kuzo zonke izindawo kunenqwaba yezintuba.

Izihlonzi ezisambulayo

Isibonelo, wonke umuntu waqala ukusetha amaphuzu okuthwebula amakheli e-mac (impela uke wahlangabezana nalokhu ngaphambili?) - abakhiqizi abahlakaniphile (noma angazi, abahahayo) bemishini yeselula, njenge-Apple ne-Google, bethula ngokushesha ama-algorithms anikeza khipha ikheli le-mac elingahleliwe ukuze ungakwazi ukukhomba lapho uhamba edolobheni futhi uthumele wonke umuntu ikheli lakho le-MAC. Kodwa abafana abahlakaniphile baqhamuke nendaba elandelayo nakakhulu.

Isibonelo, ungathola ilayisensi yomqhubi weselula; Ngemva kokuthola ilayisensi yomqhubi weselula, uzothola ukufinyelela kule nto - iphrothokholi ye-SS7 ibizwa ngokuthi, lapho uzobona khona umoya ovela kubaqhubi beselula; kukhona inqwaba yazo zonke izinhlobo zezihlonzi okungeyona idatha yomuntu siqu. Ngaphambi kwalokho kwakuyi-IMEI, kodwa manje - ngokoqobo othile wayisusa olimini futhi wanquma ukugcina i-database eyodwa yalezi "IMEIs" eRussia (isinyathelo esinjalo). Kufana nokuba khona, kodwa namanje.

Kukhona futhi, ngokwesibonelo, inqwaba yezihlonzi - isibonelo, i-IMCI (isihlonzi semishini yeselula), engeyona idatha yomuntu siqu noma eboshelwe kunoma yiziphi ezinye izinto futhi, ngokufanele, ingasindiswa ngaphandle kokushushiswa okusemthethweni, bese kuba nobani Ngandlela-thile shintshanisa lezi zihlonzi ukuze uxhumane nomuntu kamuva.

Isiko lokusebenza ngedatha yomuntu siqu liphansi

Sekukonke, iphuzu liwukuthi wonke umuntu manje ukhathazeke kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa idatha nomunye nomunye, futhi izinkampani eziningi ezenza le nhlanganisela ngezinye izikhathi azicabangi ngisho ngakho. Isibonelo, ibhange lafika, langena esivumelwaneni sokungadaluli nenkampani eyenza amagoli, futhi ladlulisela kuyo izinkulungwane eziyi-100 zamaklayenti ayo...

Futhi leli bhange alihlali linesigatshana esivumelwaneni salo sokudlulisa idatha kubantu besithathu. Lawa maklayenti axabane okuthile lapho, futhi akucaci ukuthi le database yashonaphi kamuva, ayizange ihambe - izinkampani eziningi eRussia azinawo umkhuba wokususa idatha... - le "Excel" izogcina isendaweni ethile ikhompyutha kanobhala bese eluvala.

Idatha yethu ingathengiswa ngakho konke ukuthenga esitolo

Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezibonakala ziseduze nezomthetho (okungukuthi, ezisemthethweni). Isibonelo, indaba imi kanje: kumabhange amakhulu aseRussia angu-15, amabili kuphela angamasango e-SMS - Tinkoff no-Alfa, okungukuthi, bathumela imilayezo yabo ye-SMS. Amanye amabhange asebenzisa amasango e-SMS ukuthumela i-SMS kumakhasimende aphelile. Lawa masango e-SMS cishe ahlala enelungelo lokuhlaziya okuqukethwe (isibonelo, ukuze avikeleke nezinye iziphetho zawo) ukuze athengise izibalo ezihlanganisiwe. Lawa masango e-SMS “angabangane” abanabasebenzi bedatha yezimali abacubungula amasheke.

Futhi kuvela okulandelayo: ufikile ekuphumeni, u-opharetha wedatha yezimali (abakunike, abazange bakunike inombolo yakho yocingo - ngandlela-thile ixhunywe lapho) ... uthola i-SMS enombolweni yakho yocingo, Isango lale SMS libona izinombolo zokugcina ezi-4 zekhadi nenombolo yocingo. Siyazi ukuthi wenze ukuthengiselana ngasiphi isikhathi kusuka ku-opharetha wedatha yezimali, futhi nge-SMS siyazi (manje) ukuthi iyiphi inombolo imininingwane mayelana nokudonswa kwenani lemali enjalo nezinombolo ezine zokugcina ekhadini. yamukelwe. Izinombolo ezine zokugcina zekhadi azizona izihlonzi zakho, aziphuli umthetho, ngoba azikwazi ukukuchaza ukuthi ungubani, futhi nenani lokwenziwe alikwazi kokubili.

Kodwa uma uvumelene no-opharetha wedatha yezimali, uyazi ukuthi ngasiphi isikhathi iwindi (kanye noma khipha amaminithi angu-5) le SMS kufanele ifike kuwe. Ngakho-ke, uxhunywe ngokushesha ku-OFD enombolweni yakho yocingo, futhi inombolo yakho yocingo ixhunywe nezihlonzi zokukhangisa, ngokuvamile kuyo yonke into, yonke into, yonke into. Ngakho-ke, bangakuthola kamuva: beza esitolo, base bekuthumela enye imbudane ngaphandle kwemvume. Ngicabanga ukuthi akekho kuleli gumbi owake wabhalela i-FAS isikhalazo mayelana nogaxekile. Akukho lutho ... Ngaphandle kwami, mhlawumbe.

Amaphepha ayindlela yakudala kodwa esebenzayo yokulwela amalungelo akho

Lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Yiqiniso, kuzodingeka ulinde unyaka nesigamu, kodwa i-FAS izohlola ngempela: ubani, kanjani, ubani odlulisele idatha, kungani kuphi, njalonjalo.

Umbuzo ovela ezithamelini (ngemuva kwalokhu - XNUMX): - Ayikho i-FAS e-Belarus. Leli yizwe elehlukile.

OH: - Yebo, ngiyaqonda. Ngokuqinisekile kukhona i-analogue ...

Ukuphikisa kuvela ezilalelini

OH: - Kulungile, isibonelo esibi, uxolo. Akunandaba. Phakathi kwabangane bami, angazi noma ubani owazi ngokwesimiso mayelana nokuba khona kwendaba enjalo - ukuthi ungahamba uyibhale, bese besebenza omunye unyaka.

Indaba yesibili, nayo ethuthuka kakhulu eRussia, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi uzothola i-analogue ezweni lakini. Ngithanda ngempela ukwenza lokhu, lapho isikhungo sikahulumeni sixhumana nawe kabi, ibhange elithile noma enye into - uthi: “Nginike ipheshana.” Futhi ubhala ephepheni: "Ngokuhambisana nesigaba 14 somthetho we-152nd Federal, ngikucela ukuthi ucubungule idatha yomuntu siqu efomini lephepha." Angazi ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani ngempela eBelarus, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kwenziwa. Ngokwemithetho yaseRussia, awunalo ilungelo lokwenqaba isevisi ngalesi sisekelo.

Ngazi ngisho nabantu abaningi abathumele izinto ezifanayo ku-Mail.ru futhi bacela ukugcina amarekhodi edatha yabo yomuntu siqu efomini lephepha. I-Mail.ru yalwa nalokhu isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngazi ngisho nonjiniyela we-Yandex oyedwa owadlalwa ngaye: basusa i-akhawunti yakhe ye-VK futhi bamthumelela inqwaba yezithombe-skrini eziphrintiwe, futhi bathi bazomthumelela izithombe-skrini njalo lapho efuna ukubuyekeza ikhasi lakhe.

Kuyahlekisa, kodwa noma kunjalo lokhu kungenye indlela yangempela uma othile ekhathazekile ngempela ngedatha, ngakolunye uhlangothi ... Futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-RKN efanayo yangitshela ukuthi lesi sivumelwano sokucutshungulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu sihlelekile, futhi umthetho uhlinzekela ezinye izinketho eziningi zokunikeza le mvume. Futhi lokho, ngokwesibonelo, ngimenywe lapha emcimbini, futhi uma, ngokwesibonelo, i-Human Constanta ingase ingangeni esivumelwaneni nami ngokucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwemithetho yaseRussia (ngoba lona kanye iqiniso lokuthi ngizile futhi wavuma ukukhuluma kuyimvume yokucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu) - wonke umuntu usathatha lezi zimvume zephepha. Kodwa abakwa-RKN bangitshele okufanayo, ukuthi akulona iqiniso nhlobo, ukuthi cishe bazonyamalala ngolunye usuku.

Ngithemba ukuthi eRussia abasoze badala opharetha oyedwa, uNkulunkulu angithethelele, idatha yomuntu siqu, ngoba into embi kakhulu kunokubeka yonke idatha yomuntu siqu kubhasikidi owodwa ukuyibeka kubhasikidi wombuso. Ngoba ubani owaziyo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngakho konke lokhu kamuva.

Izinkampani zabelana ngedatha yomuntu siqu, futhi imithetho ibuthakathaka ukulawula lokhu

Izinkampani eziningi zishintshanisa uhlobo oluthile lwedatha nezihlonzi. Kungaba isitolo esinebhange, bese kuba ibhange elinenkundla yezokuxhumana, inkundla yezokuxhumana nokunye... Futhi ekugcineni, laba bantu banenqwaba yolwazi olubucayi olungasetshenziswa ngandlela thize, futhi lonke lolu lwazi luyiqiniso, manje sebezama ukulugcina ngasohlangothini lwabo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ke namanje igcina ithrafikhi ethile yokukhangisa noma kwenye indawo.

Ukudlulisa idatha kubantu besithathu kuyinto ejabulisayo kakhulu engenzeka, ngoba imithetho ayichazi ukuthi baluhlobo luni lwezinkampani zangaphandle, okufanele babhekwe kubo "besithathu". Lokhu, ngendlela, ibinzana elivame kakhulu labameli baseMelika - banalo Izinkampani Zesithathu - ubani, ocabanga ukuthi ungumuntu wesithathu: ugogo, ukhokho-gogo? .. Kwakukhona ngisho nesandulela esinjalo eMelika, lapho idatha yomunye yadalulwa, umuntu wafaka icala , futhi bafakazela ukuthi lo muntu wayazi umnikazi wedatha ngokusebenzisa abangane abambalwa - inombolo ethile yokuxhawula, bacaphuna izifundo ezithile ezingavamile zezenhlalo - ngaleyo ndlela bafakazela ukuthi laba bantu abakwazi ukubhekwa njengesithathu. amaqembu komunye nomunye. Kuyahlekisa. Kodwa iqiniso lokudlulisa idatha enjalo livame kakhulu.

Ngisho noma uya kusayithi lapho kunekhawunta yokuhlonza, lesi sibali sinelungelo lokudlulisela idatha yale thrafikhi ndawana thize (ku-Clickstream, abanikazi bezinkundla zokukhangisa zanoma yini, i-Pornhub, isibonelo). I-Pornhub, uma omunye wenu engumthuthukisi wewebhu, hamba uyobona ukuthi mangaki amaphikseli okulandelela akhona kuwebhusayithi ye-Pornhub. Ungena nje futhi inani elikhulu le-java script lilayishwa lapho, njengokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesayithi. Eqinisweni, "amakhukhi" esizinda esiphambene nawo afakiwe lapho, angekho, ngoba lolu lwazi luhlala lubaluleke kakhulu emakethe "ye-clickstream".

I-Facebook iyanyakaza futhi ngeke isuse imaski yayo

Ngokwemvelo, abekho abadlali abakhulu abake batshele noma ubani ukuthi bayithengisa kanjani idatha. Ngenxa yalokhu, isibonelo, iYurophu manje izama ukumangalela i-Facebook. Ngemva nje kokwethulwa kwe-GDPR, i-European Union izama ukunyakazisa ukudalulwa kwe-Facebook kwe-algorithms yokuthengisa kabusha idatha kubantu besithathu.

I-Facebook ayikwenzi lokhu futhi isho esidlangalaleni ukuthi ayikwenzi lokhu ngoba “iyinhlangano yokuthula” (ngicaphuna ku-imeyili abangithumele yona) futhi “imelene nokusetshenziswa okulimazayo kobuchwepheshe” (ikakhulukazi uma uthengisa ukuqashelwa kobuso eKremlin). Ngokuvamile, iphuzu liwukuthi i-Facebook ayikwenzi lokhu ngokwethembeka ngokuphelele: umgomo wayo oyinhloko futhi into esemqoka ezokwenzeka ngokushesha nje lapho umshini onjalo wembulwa ukuthi kuzokwazi ukubala ngempela umkhawulo wokukhangisa, kuyoba. kungenzeka ukuqonda izindleko zangempela zokukhangisa.

Ngokujwayelekile, uma i-Facebook manje ikutshela ukuthi izindleko zombono wokukhangisa zingama-ruble angu-5, futhi sikudayisela wona ngama-3 (futhi, njengokuthi, sinama-ruble amabili asele), futhi bona, ngokwemibandela, bathola u-5% wenzuzo evela. le mibono yokukhangisa. Eqinisweni, lokhu akuyona i-5%, kodwa i-505, ngoba uma le-algorithm ifika ekukhanyeni (kubani futhi kanjani i-Facebook idlulisele izikhathi ezingaki "clickstream", vakashela idatha, idatha ye-pixel kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamanethiwekhi okukhangisa), kuvela ukuthi benza imali kakhulu kunalokho okushiwo ngayo. Futhi iphuzu lapha akuyona imali ngokwayo, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi izindleko zokuchofoza i-ruble, kodwa empeleni - amakhulukhulu ama-kopecks.

Ngokuvamile, iphuzu liwukuthi wonke umuntu uzama ukufihla ukudluliselwa okunjalo, akunandaba ukuthi ukukhangisa noma ukungahambisani nokukhangisa, kodwa kukhona. Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokwazi lokhu ngokusemthethweni, ngoba izinkampani zizimele, futhi konke ezinakho ngaphakathi kungumthetho wazo wangasese kanye nemfihlo yazo yezohwebo. Kodwa izindaba ezifanayo zazivame ukuvela lapho.

Abathengisi bezidakamizwa bayabikezela futhi "bayashisa" ku-Avito

Isithombe sokugcina kule phrezentheshini. Kuyahlekisa, futhi ingqikithi yako ukuthi kunezigaba ezithile zabantu abakhathazeke kakhulu ngedatha yabo yomuntu siqu. Futhi lokho kuhle, empeleni! Lesi sibonelo simayelana nesigaba esinjalo sabantu njengabadayisi bezidakamizwa. Kubukeka sengathi abantu okufanele bakhathazeke kakhulu ngedatha yabo yomuntu siqu...

Lolu wucwaningo olwenziwa ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweziphathimandla ezinekhono. Yebo, lesi iskripthi esanikezwa imali yokuthenga izidakamizwa ku-Telegram ne-Thor, kodwa kuphela kulabo bantu ababengabonakala.

Eqinisweni, cishe bonke abathengisi bezidakamizwa baseMoscow bathembele eqinisweni lokuthi inombolo yabo yocingo ayikho kunoma yimiphi imithombo evulekile, kodwa ngokushesha noma kamuva bayothengisa okuthile ku-Avito, lapho kuzokwazi ukuqonda khona indawo eseduze yalaba bantu. Iphuzu liwukuthi amachashazi abomvu yilapho abantu abahlala khona, futhi amachashaza aluhlaza lapho beya khona ukushiya wazi ukuthi yini. Lokhu kwakungenye yezingxenye ze-algorithm eyabikezela ukubekwa kwezinsizakalo zokugada, kodwa laba bafana baseMoscow bahlale bezama ngandlela-thile ukuhamba nge-diagonally, kude kakhulu.

Bakholelwa ukuthi uma behlala phezulu kwesokunxele, kufanele baye phezulu kwesokudla futhi ngeke neze batholakale lapho. Engikutshela khona ukuthi uma uzama ukucasha kuma-algorithms atholakala yonke indawo, inketho ebanda kunazo zonke ukuguqula imodeli yakho yokuziphatha: faka uhlobo oluthile lwe-"Goster" ukuze wenze ngokungahleliwe ukuvakasha, impahla, njalo njalo. O Nkulunkulu wami, kukhona ngisho nama-algorithms nama-plugin ashintsha usayizi wesiphequluli ngamaphikseli ambalwa ukuze isiginesha, “izigxivizo zeminwe” zesiphequluli zingakwazi ukubalwa futhi zikukhombe ngandlela thize.
Yilokho kuphela ebengifuna ukukusho. Uma unemibuzo, sazise. Nasi isixhumanisi sesethulo.

Umbuzo ovela ezithamelini (Z): - Ngicela ungitshele, ngokombono wokusebenzisa i-Thor, ngokombono wokulandelela ithrafikhi... Uyayincoma?

Kunzima ukufihla, kodwa kungenzeka

OH: - "Thor"? "Thor" cha, hhayi nganoma iyiphi indlela nhlobo. Yiqiniso, angazi ukuthi kunjani eBelarus - eRussia, akufanele neze uye lapho, ngoba cishe iningi lama-"gracenode" aqinisekisiwe angeza ngokuzumayo amaphakheji athile kuthrafikhi yakho. Angazi ukuthi yiziphi, kodwa uma ubheka: kukhona "ama-node" aphawula ithrafikhi, akucaci ukuthi ubani owenza lokhu, yiziphi izinhloso, kodwa othile umaka kunhlokweni ukuze aqondwe kamuva. E-Russia, manje yonke i-traffic igcinwa, noma igcinwe ngendlela ebethelwe, futhi wonke umuntu unyathela i-Yarovaya Package mayelana neqiniso lokuthi ithrafikhi ebethelwe igcinwa, kodwa ihlala imakwe, okungukuthi, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa noma ibhalwe phansi. .

Z: - Igcinwe eYurophu isikhathi eside, cishe iminyaka eyishumi.

OH: - Yebo, ngiyaqonda. Wonke umuntu uyakuhleka lokhu - njengokuthi, ugcina ama-https angakwazi ukufundwa. Okuqukethwe akukwazi ukufundwa, kodwa ungaqonda ukuthi amaphakethe avelaphi usebenzisa ama-algorithms athile - ngesisindo samaphakethe, ubude, njalonjalo. Futhi uma unabo bonke abahlinzeki ngaphansi kokulawula kwakho, unayo, ngokufanele, yonke imishini yomgogodla kanye nawo wonke ama-passports ... Ngokuvamile, uyakuqonda lokho engikhuluma ngakho?

Z: – Yisiphi isiphequluli oncoma ukuthi usisebenzise?

OH: - Nge "Thor"?

Z: - Lutho neze.

OH: - Awu, angazi. Empeleni ngisebenzisa i-Chrome, kodwa kuphela ngoba iphaneli yonjiniyela kukhona elula kakhulu. Uma kungazelelwe ngidinga ukuya endaweni ethile, ngizoya kwenye ikhefi. Yiqiniso, asikho isidingo sokungena nge-SIM khadi yangempela.

Z: – Ubukhuluma ngabanye abafundi. Ingabe ufundisa endaweni ethile noma wenza noma yiziphi izifundo?

OH: - Yebo, sineziqu ze-master in data journalism. Siqeqesha izintatheli ukuthi ziqoqe idatha futhi ziyihlaziye - ngezikhathi ezithile zenza ucwaningo olufanayo.
Azikho izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphephile

Z: - Akuphephile ukuxhumana nabangane ku-Facebook, Vkontakte, ukuze ungatholi ukukhangisa okuhambisanayo kamuva. Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukuvikeleka?

OH: - Umbuzo uwukuthi yini oyibheka njengezinga elamukelekayo lokuphepha. Empeleni, alikho igama elithi “ephephile”. Umbuzo uthi yini oyibona eyamukelekile. Abanye bakubheka njengento eyamukelekile ukushintshana ngezithombe ezisondelene nabo kuFacebook, kanti ezinye izikhulu zezobunhloli zikholelwa ukuthi konke okushiwo ngomlomo, ngisho nakumuntu osondelene naye, empeleni akuphephile. Uma ungafuni ukuthi inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu ithole okuthile ngakho, yebo, kungcono ukungabhali ngakho. Angazi noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphephile. Ngiyesaba abekho. Futhi lokhu kuvamile ngokombono wokuthi noma yimuphi umnikazi wanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza udinga ukwenza imali ngandlela thile, noma ngabe lolu hlelo lokusebenza lumahhala noma kuwuhlobo oluthile lwemidiya. Kubonakala sengathi kukhululekile, kodwa kusadingeka aphile ngokuthile. Ngakho-ke, akukho lutho oluphephile. Kufanele uzinqumele wena kuphela, okusho ukuthi, yini evumelana nawe.

Z: – Usebenzisa ini?

OH: - Izinkundla zokuxhumana?

Z: - Kusuka ezithunyweni.

OH: - Ngokuqondene nezithunywa, ngisebenzisa isithunywa sombuso esiyinhloko seRussian Federation - iTelegram.

Z: - "Viber". Ingabe iphephile?

OH: - Lalela, angizazi kakhulu izithunywa. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, angikholelwa ekuvikelekeni, angikholelwa kunoma yini, ngoba lokho kungase kuxake kakhulu. Nakuba iTelegram iwumthombo ovulekile, futhi ama-algorithms ayo okubethela adaluliwe. Kodwa lokhu futhi kuyinto ekhohlisayo, ngoba kukhona iklayenti "lomthombo ovulekile", kodwa akekho oye wabona amaseva. Angicabangi ukuthi: kunogaxekile omningi, ama-bots, njalonjalo ku-Viber. Kwazi bani. Angicabangi ukuthi konke lokhu kusebenza kahle.

Ubani oyingozi kakhulu - izinkampani noma umbuso?

Umsingathi (B): - Futhi nginalo mbuzo wakho. Bheka, usho lokhu ngokudlula izikhathi ezimbalwa - ukuthi isimo... Idatha eningi ayilungile kakhulu... Inkampani inedatha eningi kakhulu. Awu, lokho nje ukuphila, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke ubani okufanele sesabe kakhulu - izinkampani noma umbuso? Ziphi izingibe?

OH: - Lowo ngumbuzo onzima kakhulu. Imingcele. Isithiyo sokuziphatha esiyinkimbinkimbi. Umuntu, uma engesabi lutho, uma engazange aphule umthetho, empeleni, kungani edinga ubumfihlo? Nakuba ngingacabangi kanjalo, umbuso ucabanga kanjalo. Mhlawumbe kukhona okusanhlamvu kweqiniso kulokhu. Lalela, engikwesaba kakhulu abaduni - into efana nale. Eqinisweni, unya olukhulu engilubonile empilweni yami (kusuka kulesi sihloko sonke): cishe unyaka nesigamu kuya eminyakeni emibili edlule, u-pedophile wabanjwa esifundeni saseMoscow futhi phakathi nezenzo zophenyo bathola izifundo ezimbalwa zePython futhi. imibhalo kukhompyutha yakhe, i-API VK. Waqoqa ama-akhawunti amantombazane, wahlaziya ukuthi yimuphi kubo owayeseduze, waqoqa okuqukethwe ukuthi ... Ngamafuphi, uthola umqondo. Lokhu udoti omkhulu kunayo yonke engake ngayibona. Futhi yilokhu engikwesaba ngempela, ukuthi ngelinye ilanga othile uzokwenza into efanayo.

Enye “indaba” encane: I-European Organization for State Security yenza umbiko ngalowo nyaka wokuthi inani lokwebiwa kwama-akhawunti asebhange landa ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20, 25 lapho kugetshengwa umbuzo oyimfihlo. Cabanga nje manje ngombuzo wakho oyimfihlo ebhange, bese ucabanga ukuthi ngingathola yini impendulo yawo emithonjeni evulekile. Uma unegama lentombi likamama wakho noma isidlo sakho osithandayo lapho... Ngokuvamile, abantu bahlaziye ama-akhawunti, ngokusekelwe kulokhu baqonda igama lesilwane abasithandayo - into efana nale...

Z: - Uthe izinkampani nezinkampani ziqoqa imininingwane edingekayo zisebenzisa ama-algorithms? Impela uyazi kanjani?

OH: - Kwakukhona ukunyakaza kwabantu abake bagijima izithombe ngesihlungi esikhethekile, ukuze lesi sihlungi siphule ukuhlaziywa kwezithombe, ukuze kungenzeki ngandlela-thile ukukhomba laba bantu kamuva. Lapha ngikunike isibonelo: I-Facebook yayizabalaza ne-cryptography yomlayezo. Futhi uma le nto ibonakala futhi yanda, izinkundla zokuxhumana cishe zizolwa nayo. Futhi, ukuqashelwa kwesithombe manje kusebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi lokhu kumngcele eqinisweni lokuthi izinga elanele “lokwephula” lesi sithombe (ukuze “uphule” isimiso esiqaphela lezi zithombe) - cishe, akukho okusacaca kuso kungabi.

Zonke izinhlobo zezihlungi ze-glitch zisebenza kahle uma kukhona ukususwa okuqinile okuqondile engxenyeni yesithombe. I-akhawunti yakho izobe isithatha yonke imibala ye-LSD. Ngokweqile, angicabangi ukuthi kuyethusa kakhulu uma i-Facebook, ngokwesibonelo, ithola ukuthi hlobo luni lwemoto enginayo - mhlawumbe uma ngingangeni emotweni nge-Facebook.

Umthetho wokukhohlwa uyasebenza, kodwa hhayi ku-inthanethi

Z: - Uke wahlangana nomsebenzisi okuphoqe ukuthi umhloniphe, umsuse, uthole ukufinyelela. Usebenza ngenani elikhulu ledatha, cishe uyazisa ngakho. Abantu bangaxhumana nawe. Amaphesenti angakanani?

OH: - Ngizokutshela manje. Manje kulapho okuthakasela khona ngempela. Manje ngizobala ukuthi bangaki abantu abazofika, ngoba ngemva komcimbi, i-15-20% ihlale ingena, gcwalisa ifomu ukuze ususe idatha - kukhona into enjalo. Eqinisweni, lokhu cishe ku-7-8% wama-akhawunti avaliwe esingawahlaziyi, futhi cishe abantu abangu-5 kwabayinkulungwane abacela ukususa idatha yabo. Lokhu kuncane kakhulu, ngisho ngokombono wami othobekile.

Inkinga lapha nansi: kukhona into okuthiwa umthetho wokukhohlwa. Kodwa umthetho wokukhohlwa, okungenani eRussia, usebenza ngokusemthethweni kuphela ezinjinini zokusesha. Ithi khona lapho: izinjini zokusesha. Futhi lokho kusho ukususa kuphela izixhumanisi zezinto zokwakha, hhayi izinto ngokwazo. Eqinisweni, ukuze ukhiphe okuthile ku-inthanethi, kuzodingeka udlule yonke le mithombo, ngakho empeleni angikholelwa kulokhu. Sizama ukuxwayisa abasebenzisi ukuthi kumele bacabange kuqala ngaphambi kokushicilela.

Kuze kube manje leli phesenti lincane kakhulu - abantu abangu-5-7 ezinkulungwaneni. Phela, mayelana nomthetho wokukhohlwa: wonke umuntu uyazi icala elinjalo "Sechin ngokumelene ne-RBC". Umthetho wokukhohlwa wasebenza, isihloko sasuswa, kodwa sikhona yonke indawo. Uyaqonda ukuthi uma into ike yangena ku-inthanethi, ayisoze yashabalala lapho.

Abasebenzisi bayasuswa, kodwa bakhonjwa ngokuziphatha okujwayelekile

Z: - Awucabangi ukuthi abantu abasusa ama-akhawunti abo futhi bazame ukuba "umgodi omnyama" bazoba sengozini ngokuhlobene namanye ama-ejenti wezomnotho?

OH: - Cishe, yebo - lesi simo ngeke sibe sihle kubo. Kunezaphulelo eziningi nokunikezwayo okuncike kuzo. Kodwa, ngokombono nje, uma umuntu esusa i-akhawunti manje... Idumile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zontamolukhuni, lapho besusa i-akhawunti futhi benza umgunyathi, kodwa baqhubeke nokusebenzisana nokuqukethwe okufanayo - lo muntu, futhi, angabonakala. (ikakhulukazi uma kungaphakathi kwenethiwekhi efanayo yezokuxhumana , kusuka kukhompyutha eyodwa - lokhu ngokuvamile kuwumbuzo); Ngokusekelwe kumodeli yokusetshenziswa kokuqukethwe, kuzokwazi ukuthola lo muntu uma kunomsebenzi onjalo.

Ngithemba ukuthi eminyakeni engu-5 ezayo uhlobo oluthile lobuchwepheshe bokwenza imali ngale datha luzovela, lapho empeleni kuzokwazi ukukhokhela umuntu imali - uzokhokha wena futhi ngeke sisebenzise idatha yakho. Kepha ngicabanga ukuthi uma i-Instagram ethile yethula ukubhalisa okukhokhelwayo, akekho ozokusebenzisa, ngakho-ke enye indlela ukukhokha abasebenzisi ngedatha yabo. Kodwa lokhu ngeke kwenzeke ngokushesha, ngoba indawo yokwamukela izivakashi yabafana bezinkampani ezesabekayo ngeke ivumele umthetho onjalo ukuba uphasiswe, nakuba kungaba kuhle. Kodwa iphuzu lapha ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa inani langempela ledatha yomuntu oyedwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi esithile.

Facebook - abafana abavuzayo

Z: - Sawubona. Muva nje, kuvele izindaba zokuthi i-Facebook ihlose ukuhlanganisa wonke amaphrojekthi ayo, okuhlanganisa i-Instagram ne-Facebook, i-WhatsApp, njalonjalo. Ucabangani, ngokombono wedatha yomuntu siqu, lapho manje ku-smartphone yami lezi zinhlelo zibonakala zilenga ngokwehlukana, kodwa namanje zingezakwa-Facebook? .. Kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

OH: - Ngiyaqonda. Ngokomthetho, sebevele bengabakwa-Facebook, futhi ingabahlanganisa ngokungalawuleki ngaphakathi kwayo, ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi akukho okuzoshintsha. Okuwukuphela kwento ukuthi manje kwanele Hack isicelo esisodwa ukuze uthole konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. NoFacebook... Ngethemba ukuthi bayabukela. Abafana abavuzayo kakhulu kuzo zonke izindawo.

Muva nje, ulwazi oluningi luye lwavela ngalokhu - mayelana nokuvuza kwedatha ku-Facebook. Lokhu akuvelanga ngoba i-Facebook ngokuzumayo yaqala ukulahlekelwa le datha, kodwa ngoba i-GDPR manje iphoqa inkampani ukuthi ixwayise kusengaphambili. Futhi inhlawulo enkulu ukuthi uma kuvuza kwenzeka, kodwa inkampani yathula ngakho, yingakho i-Facebook manje isikhuluma ngayo ngokwayo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi lokhu kuvuza kwedatha akuzange kwenzeke ngaphambili.

Z: - Sawubona. Nginombuzo mayelana nokugcinwa kwedatha. Manje zonke izifundazwe zethula umthetho wokuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yezakhamizi igcinwa endaweni yaleso sifunda. Isiphi isimo esanele ukuhlangabezana nalo ukuze uthobele lo mthetho kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zamazwe ngamazwe?.. Isibonelo, i-Facebook: kunesizindalwazi esisodwa kuphela...

Ungahambisana kanjani nale mibandela?

OH: - Lalela, ngokomthetho udinga nje ukuqasha iseva kuleli zwe futhi ubeke okuthile kuyo. Inkinga ukuthi asikho isiphathimandla sokulawula esinekhono. Idatha ye-Facebook ayikho eRussia. I-Roskomnadzor ilwa futhi ilwa nabo, ilwa futhi ilwa ... I-Facebook inengxenye yamaseva lapho i-interface yale Facebook kakhulu ikhona, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuhlola ukuthi idatha ilele kuphi ngempela nokuthi ivumelaniswa kanjani.

Z: – Hlola traffic?

OH: – Hlola traffic? Yebo. Kodwa ithrafikhi ingaya kwelinye iphuzu eliyinhloko. Futhi, kungase kube khona into efana ne-VPN noma enye into phakathi kwamaseva. Ngokusobala, ayikho indlela yokulawula lokho, ake sithi, umlawuli wesistimu ngeke ngolunye usuku angene kule seva futhi athathe okuthile lapho. Okusho ukuthi, lo mthetho awenzelwanga ukuvikelwa kwedatha, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkampani zivula amahhovisi amele, zikhokha intela kanye nezimpahla zesitolo ezweni. Kodwa ngombono wami, lolu uhlobo oluthile lwesinyathelo esingavamile, ukwethembeka.

Z: - Ngakho-ke kwanele ukuhlola isikhombimsebenzisi?

OH: Othile angase eze kuwe futhi ahlole ukuthi idatha yakho ikhona. Kodwa ungabonisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-Excel, futhi akekho ozokwazi ukuyihlola, cishe akekho ozoyihlola. Manje bamane babheke amakheli e-IP: ukuthi ikheli le-IP elihlotshaniswa nesizinda litholakala endaweni yezwe - abahloli ukuqhubeka. Manje, mhlawumbe, bazoza bazongibheka.

Azikho izinsiza ongayethemba ngo-100%, kodwa abantu abanesizotha abangesabi lutho

Z: - Lezi yizindaba, eziphrintwe kabusha ezindaweni eziningi: insizwa ethile yazithumela ivela ku-Microsoft, yenza isevisi ukuze ihlole...

OH: - Okuthile okufana nokuthi: ingabe amaphasiwedi akho aputshuziwe? Eqinisweni, ngemva kokuvuza okufanayo ku-Facebook, i-Facebook efanayo ihlale iqala uhlobo oluthile lwezindawo zokulondoloza lapho ungabheka khona ukuthi azifakiwe kule database - futhi, i-GDPR idinga lokhu. Okusho ukuthi, uma ungayenzi le nto, ngeke uzizwe ungcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu manje wethula le miklamo ngokuthi “lokhu kuwuhlelo lwethu”; eqinisweni, umthetho uyakudinga. Lokhu kuyinto emnandi kakhulu, kodwa ngeke ngizethembe ngempela lezi zinsizakalo zokuqinisekisa uma udinga ukuthumela okuthile okuyinkimbinkimbi kunephasiwedi yakho, ngoba abantu abaningi banamagama ayimfihlo afanayo.

Z: - Uvele ufake i-imeyili yakho, futhi sebevele bekutshela ukuthi yonakaliswe kangaki...

OH: - Empeleni angizethembi izinto ezinjalo, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukukuxhumanisa nalesi siphequluli, ku-akhawunti yangempela. Ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa izinsiza zabantu abafanayo abaqalise leli sayithi. Kufana nalowo nyaka lapho i-Facebook ithumela: uma izithombe zakho eziseduze ziputshulwe ku-Facebook, usithumelela zona futhi sizobheka ukuthi zishiwo kuphi.

Angazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwephupho elibi le-PR leli futhi ubani ku-Facebook owafika nalo, kodwa kwenzeka ngempela. Bebefuna ukubona ukuthi ngabe ukhona yini othumele ubunqunu bakho ngemiyalezo eyimfihlo. Empeleni, lokhu kufeza izinhloso ezinhle, kodwa kuyinqaba ngangokunokwenzeka. bengingeke ngikwethembe.

Z: - Futhi omunye umbuzo. Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, ziphakeme kangakanani izingozi zokuvuza? Izingozi zokulimala ngenxa yokuvuza.

OH: - Ngakuqonda. Kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwedatha okufanele lugcinwe. Ngicabanga hhayi phezulu kakhulu. Okubi kakhulu ukuthi uma ama-imeyili akho namaphasiwedi avuza ndawana thize, futhi unale phasiwedi yonke indawo - yebo. Ngokuvamile, ngicabanga ukuthi abasebenzisi abanakho ukwesaba okuncane. Kodwa ngaphandle uma, kunjalo, bagcina ukuchithwa okuthile kumeyili ye-Google. Kwakukhona izibonelo eziningi.

Indaba edume kakhulu iku-Google, lapho intombazane ithunjwa e-Utah, ayikwazanga ukuyithola, futhi ngesinye isikhathi abathumbi bathumele izithombe zayo ngokunamathiselwe kwingobo yomlando. Futhi i-Google, iphenya lesi sinanyathiselwa, ithole izimpawu zezithombe zocansi zezingane. Bathola wonke umuntu. Futhi bakwazi nokumangalela i-Google ngokwephula ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwezincwadi. Leli cala lathatha isikhathi eside impela. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ngikholelwa ukuthi umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akanalo lutho lokwesaba uma engenzi, ethi, ipasipoti yakhe itholakale esidlangalaleni. Lena indaba ekabili - kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwedatha nokuthi hlobo luni lomsebenzisi. Mhlawumbe manje sekulungile, kodwa eminyakeni engu-15, lapho eba uhlobo oluthile lwesikhulu, ezinye zezinto zakhe zizovela.

Ngabe isebenza kanjani nohulumeni?

Z: - Ngiyabonga. Ukhulume kancane ngokwenza ucwaningo lwesifunda, izikhungo zikahulumeni, izinsiza, nokusebenza nazo. Mhlawumbe ungasitshela okwengeziwe ngamaphrojekthi athile amanje. Ngisho nangaphezulu, uma ungakwazi, mayelana... Imibuzo emibili: eyokuqala ngamaphrojekthi amanje, kanti okwesibili ukuthi ngabe zikhona yini iziphakamiso ezinjalo ezivela kumasevisi kahulumeni...

OH: - Okungajwayelekile!

Z: - Yebo. Lapho ucabanga: mhlawumbe akufanele ukwenze lokhu.

OH: - Ngizokutshela. Lokhu ngikutshela wonke umuntu. Mina nalo muntu saxabana isikhathi eside kuTwitter. Ngake ngathola umbuzo ovela eqenjini likaMilonov le-Twitter mayelana nokuthola othisha ababuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zobulili obufanayo. Ngokushesha sathi cha. Kodwa kukhona ezinye, izincwadi zivame ukuza, futhi ngokuvamile kakhulu ixhunywe nabaphikisi abathile, imibuthano. Asibhekani nombhedo onjalo, wonke umuntu usijikijela ngeshiti noma kunjalo. Anginamahloni ngalokhu.

Sinenqubomgomo elandelayo mayelana "nezifundazwe": sakha isofthiwe, isofthiwe yokwakha kabusha izinhlangothi ezintathu, ukubonwa kobuso, nokuhlaziywa kwedatha. Kunzima kakhulu ukusho ukuthi benzani ngempela, kodwa amamodeli ahlanganisa ukubikezela ubugebengu, izinto ezihlobene nokuvikeleka kombuso ngaphakathi kwedolobha, ukunyakaza kwabantu, i-geomarketing, njalonjalo. Kusukela ekubekweni kwezinto endaweni engaphakathi kwedolobha kuya ekuhlonzweni kwabantu abahlukumeza izingane, abadlwenguli, abahlanya kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zabantu ababi.

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, asizange sihlanganyele emisebenzini ephikisayo. Mhlawumbe abasitsheli lokhu ebusweni bethu. Eqinisweni, lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu - ukusebenzisana “nohulumeni”, ngoba abahlale bechaza ukuthi uyini umsebenzi. Bayakutshela: yenza isoftware yokuhlonza omama bezindlu, kodwa empeleni bazokwenza enye into ngayo - yonke into iyawohloka.

Futhi, izwe liyiklayenti elithakazelisa kakhulu futhi eliyinqaba elihlala lizama ukufaka amasenti amathathu ocwaningweni lwakho, futhi ngokuvamile izindlela zalo nokuqonda ukufunda ngomshini kukha phezulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, nginenkulumo ehlukile ngamaphutha okufunda komshini. Ngihlale nginikeza isibonelo lapho: lapho senza uhlelo lokubikezela ubugebengu esifundeni saseMoscow, ikhasimende lathi: lapho bethengisa khona amakhabe, sicela ukwandise i-coefficient izikhathi ezine. Futhi-ke, empeleni, kwavela ukuthi izindawo lapho kuthengiswa khona amakhabe akuzona neze ubugebengu. Lawa amaphutha nje omuntu onikela ngemicabango yakhe.

Ngamafuphi, umbuso uyiklayenti elipholile, kunemisebenzi eminingi ethokozisayo lapho. Iningi liza kumamodeli afanayo okubikezela okuthile. Isikhathi esiningi lolu wuhlobo oluthile lwengqalasizinda yasemadolobheni.

Z: - Ingabe ikhona imithombo lapho ungalandela khona ucwaningo lwakho? Ulwazi oluningi. Njengoba ngikuqonda, okuningi kusashiywe ngaphandle. Amakhasi akho, okunye...

OH: - Anginawo amakhasi omuntu siqu.

Z: - Mhlawumbe, i-Facebook isivele ivaliwe?

OH: Cishe ezinyangeni ezine ezedlule kwakukhona indaba: basithumelela zonke izinhlamvu ezinkulu kangangokuthi "ningama-freaks, nithengisa yonke into e-Kremlin, niphula yonke imithetho ye-Facebook." Baze bathumelela inja yami incwadi ethi: “Sawubona, Mars blue corgi, uqoqa idatha!” njalo njalo. Lalela, sikhiqiza kabusha manje. Emasontweni amabili noma amathathu iwebhusayithi yethu izobe isiphelile futhi konke kuzobuyekezwa. Lokhu kuzoba yinto okumele uyibukele. Kodwa siyavilapha kakhulu umane kulokhu.

Ungakunquma kanjani ukwethembeka kwe-VPN?

Z: - Usho nini ukuthi uzoya esitolo ngaphandle kokuzichaza ngenombolo yakho yocingo? Futhi ngaphansi kwani?

OH: - Awukwazi ukuthi "ngaphansi kwegama lomunye umuntu", ngoba lokhu kuwucingo lokwephula imithetho yokuhlonza. Cha cha cha. Ngiyadlala. Manje cishe wonke amakhefi ahlonza yonke into - ayikho inombolo yocingo kuphela, kunenqwaba yamaphikseli, kukhona ukuhlonza idivayisi, ikheli le-MAC nokuthi yini, ukuze ulisebenzise kamuva - kusukela ezinjongweni zokukhangisa kuya emisebenzini yokusesha yokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngezinto ezinjalo. Akukhona nje ukuthi ungabhala okuthile, kodwa bangabhala kusuka kudivayisi yakho, bese kwenzeka okuthile.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uyibonile indaba yokuthi manje benza kanjani uphenyo ngokuthi (eBelarus, ngendlela, futhi) baqasha ama-akhawunti e-Facebook, isibonelo, ukukhangisa kwekhasino. Kodwa empeleni, akwaziwa ukuthi kungani, futhi inikeza ukufinyelela kukhompuyutha. Lezi yizinhlobo zezinto okudingeka uzigweme ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma unquma ukubhala okuthile ngokungaziwa kusuka endaweni ethile... Ngizofika ekhefi bese ngivula i-VPN epholile. Kodwa empeleni (futhi, angikhombi noma ubani), uma une-akhawunti ene-VPN, uhlola ukuthi ubani ophethe le VPN, iyiphi inkampani, umnikazi wale nkampani, njalonjalo. Ngoba abadlali abaningi emakethe ye-VPN ababona abafana abalungile.
Yebo, kulungile, eBelarus akunandaba. E-Russia, i-VPN enhle ihlolwa ngokuthi i-azino777 ivinjiwe lapho noma cha. Ngoba uma kungenjalo, khona-ke kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuthi le sevisi ye-VPN izovalwa phakathi nesonto. Ngokuvamile, hlola konke.

Mayelana nokususa ngokuzenzakalelayo imilayezo

Z: - Ukhulume kakhulu ngemilayezo yomuntu siqu ukuthi amanethiwekhi omphakathi awafunde ... Kodwa, isibonelo, i-Facebook inemilayezo yomuntu siqu eyimfihlo engasethwa (ngaphandle kokuthi ibuye ibethelwe) ukuze ibhujiswe. Ungaphawula kanjani ngalokhu?

OH: - Akunakwenzeka. Okokuqala, angiyena uchwepheshe omkhulu we-cryptography, futhi okwesibili, inkinga lapha ukuthi akekho oye wabona iseva ye-Facebook, akekho owaziyo ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjani lapho. Ngokujwayelekile, ukucaciswa okuthile kuthi lokhu ukubethela kokuphela-kuya-ekupheleni, kepha kungase kungabi njalo, noma ukuphela kuya ekupheleni, kodwa ngamaphutha athile noma enye into. Kunengqondo ukusebenzisa into enjalo uma wesaba ukuthi umuntu omthumele kuye uzozama ukwenza okuthile.

I-Telegraph inesici esilungele ukuthumela izithombe ezisondelene ezizisusayo: uma uzama ukuthatha isithombe-skrini, sisuswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-iPhone manje inomsebenzi wokurekhoda ividiyo esikrinini, futhi ungakwazi ukurekhoda ividiyo kusuka esikrinini nokunye ... Bavame ukungithumelela izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngalo msebenzi (ukususa ngokuzenzakalelayo) - angiqondi ukuthi kungani. Ngingayilanda ngokushesha! Konke kungokubona kwakho.

Isilinganiso somphakathi e-China: izinganekwane, iqiniso, amathemba

B: - Empeleni ngiyayihlukumeza kancane, nakuba ngingayidingi i-VPN (ngendlela, sine-VPN eqinisekisiwe). Futhi umbuzo umayelana nokuziphatha. Sinomngane omangalisayo ovela eKazakhstan, futhi simlethe ukuba azonikeza inkulumo. Sake sahlala naye engqungqutheleni ethile, lapho baxoxa khona ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, futhi wathi (futhi usebenzelana ne-cybersecurity, okungukuthi, ngendlela ehlanzekile, ukuphepha kobunjiniyela, umuntu onesithakazelo kuzixazululo zobuchwepheshe): “Lapha, Ngabuya eShayina. Benza into emnandi lapho - isilinganiso somphakathi. " Kodwa-ke, ingabe lukhona ucwaningo olwenzile ngalolu daba, lusebenza kanjani kubo?

OH: - Sithengisa amagoli eRussia, ngiyazi okuningi ngakho.

B: - Ngakho-ke nginombuzo, ungasitshelani okwengeziwe ngalokhu - mayelana nokuthi yini esilindele sonke esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa omunye umbuzo mayelana nokuziphatha. Washo ngenjabulo: “Ikhambi lobunjiniyela elithakazelisayo!” Ingabe unayo ikhodi yakho yokuziphatha?

OH: - Yebo, kunjalo, kukhona. Eminyakeni emibili edlule siyethula - ngemva nje kwendaba noMilonov, sanquma ukukala la maphrojekthi ngandlela-thile. Ukubuyela esilinganisweni: lokhu kungomunye wemibuzo ethandwa kakhulu, ngoba abezindaba benza idemoni kakhulu le ndaba - ukuthi abantu abavunyelwe ukuya phesheya, babulawa nge-laser evela enyangeni. Ngikulethela, futhi, izinto zobunjiniyela...

Uma uqala ukumba kulo mlando, bheka ukuthi yimaphi amapharamitha afakwe kulesi silinganiso senhlalo, uzoqonda: kuhlanganisa i-alimony evaliwe, amarekhodi obugebengu, umlando wesikweletu, okungukuthi, into emangalisayo ngempela kusukela ekubukeni kobunjiniyela. Uphila ngaphandle kokwephula umthetho, uphila kahle - bakunikeza isilinganiso esiphansi sokubolekwa. Unomsebenzi obalulekile womphakathi (isibonelo, uthisha) - unikezwa izindlu ezifanele. Kuqale kwadida wonke umuntu lokhu, ngoba kuqale kwaputshuka indaba yokuthi uma ubhala kabi ngomengameli, izinga lakho lizokwehliswa. Nakuba babungekho ubufakazi. Ekuvikeleni isilinganiso, ngizosho ngokumelene nesilinganiso sokuthi akekho oye wabona i-algorithm, yiziphi imingcele ezisetshenziswa lapho.

Kwabe sekuvela indaba yokuthi abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi babengavunyelwe ukuya phesheya futhi bavinjelwe ukuphuma. Eqinisweni, lokhu akukona ukubunjwa okunembe ngokuphelele. Uma uthola i-visa (isibonelo, ukuya eYurophu), unikezwa i-visa ngenani “lama-euro angama-70 ngosuku” (into efana naleyo); Uma unganikezi ubufakazi bemali engenayo, ngeke unikezwe i-visa. E-China, uMnyango Wezangaphandle Wasekhaya wanquma ukuqhubeka kancane: wavele waxwayisa abantu abangenayo imali eyanele ukuthi uma ufuna ukuya phesheya, ngeke ube nemali eyanele. Ngokunjalo konke lokhu kwabuye kwafakwa emcabangweni wokuthi abampofu abavunyelwe ukuya phesheya. Lena into eyinkimbinkimbi yokuziphatha, imingcele ekucabangeni okuthile kwecala noma ukungabi nacala, kodwa empeleni angikwazi ukunikeza ukuhlolwa.

Abantu bayabulala, hhayi izibhamu

Into esemqoka okudingeka uyiqonde ukuthi wonke lawa ma-algorithms umphakathi awalahlayo akuyona inkinga ngama-algorithms. Ama-algorithms avele enze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuhlaziya ngokushesha "ivolumu" enkulu yabantu, futhi le nkinga yezenhlalo yaphakanyiswa phezulu. Okusho ukuthi, i-bot ye-Microsoft efunde kuma-tweets futhi yaba ubandlululo - akulona iphutha le-bot, kodwa ama-tweets ewafunda. Noma inkampani enquma ukwakha imodeli yesisebenzi esifanelekile ngokuhlaziya lezi zamanje, futhi kuvele ukuthi lona wesilisa omhlophe, ubulili besilisa onemfundo ephakeme.

Lesi akusona imodeli ecwasa ngokwebala, ngokobulili nanoma yini enye; laba ngabantu abaqasha laba bantu (ukuthi bebeqinisile noma abalungile - akunandaba). Yonke into imane imingcele yokuthi ukuhlakanipha okwenziwayo kubi, kubi, futhi kuzobhubhisa umhlaba, kodwa empeleni ... Uma, ngokwemibandela, manje, isibonelo, uhulumeni waseRussia udlulisa umthetho wokuthi abaphikisanayo ngeke banikezwe mahhala. imfundo, futhi bazobhala isoftware ekhomba futhi ibaphuce le mfundo yamahhala - akuyona i-algorithm ezoba necala. Nakuba engekho osekela lo mqondo wami, ngoba uma ngithi akuzona izikhali ezibulala abantu, kodwa abantu, "uyi-fascist" njalonjalo.

Ngokuvamile, lesi yisixazululo esihle kakhulu sobunjiniyela. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, isibonelo, eRussia. Wena [e-Belarus] ngeke ube nalokhu, ngoba uyizwe laseYurophu, konke kuhamba kahle ngawe. Lokhu ngeke kwenzeke eRussia ngezizathu eziningi: okokuqala, asinalo izinga elifanayo lokuthembela ohlelweni lokugcinwa komthetho njengaseChina; Asinalo izinga elifanayo ledijithali. Kungani konke kwasebenza eChina? Ngoba uhulumeni: banemithi yedijithali, umshwalense wedijithali, amaphoyisa edijithali. Futhi othile ohlakaniphile uqhamuke nombono: masihlanganise konke futhi sikwenze - empeleni kuwuhlelo lokwethembeka. Kukhona okumnandi okuningi kunokuthi "okungezona okuhle".
Ngakho-ke, yebo - ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu ngeke kwethulwe eRussia. Okokuqala sidinga ukufaka idijithali kuwo wonke uMnyango Wezempilo (futhi lokhu kuwumsebenzi weminyaka engama-50) - othile kuzodingeka abeke phansi impilo yakhe ukuze enze lokhu, kodwa akekho, ngokwemvelo, ozokwenza lokhu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhange aseRussia abaholi emhlabeni jikelele ekutholeni abantu amaphuzu, abenzi lutho: "Yebo, ndoda? Uyawathanda amantombazane amancane? Nali ikhadi lesikweletu lenkosikazi yakho.” Konke kuthuthuke kakhulu lapho. Ngokwesibonelo, eMelika, lolu hlobo lokushaya amagoli aluvunyelwe cishe yonke indawo, ngoba kunemithetho lapho ibhange libophekile ukukuchazela ukuthi kungani: “Aha! Ngoba inkampani ye-Social Data Hub igcina umlando iminyaka eyi-10, futhi othize wembule okuthile ngawe! Futhi masibamangalele bobabili! Kodwa asinazo izindaba ezinjalo.

Kungani izibalo zithuliswa?

Empeleni, ngiyakweseka ukushaya amagoli, uma kungelona uhlobo oluthile lwendaba "yobushiqela". Kodwa umbuzo wonke uwukuthi akunakwenzeka ukubikezela nokuhlola. Lena indaba enzima kakhulu ezimisweni zedatha enkulu - ukubikezela umthelela wezenhlalo ozoba khona eminyakeni engu-15. Isibonelo, bengicela ihhovisi lomshushisi isikhathi eside ukuthi livule ulwazi ngobugebengu. Izibalo zobugebengu zingenye yesisekelo sanoma yiziphi izibalo; wonke umuntu ufuna ngempela lokhu. Kodwa, ngokwesibonelo, eRussia abavuli izibalo zobugebengu ngesizathu esilula kakhulu: besaba ukuphazamisa ukutholakala kwabantu emadolobheni. Bakholelwa ukuthi abantu bazoyeka ukuhlala kwamanye amadolobha, futhi ngisho nangaphakathi kwedolobha yonke into ngandlela-thile izokwabiwa kabusha. Ngesizathu esifanayo, abazidaluli izibalo ze-Unified State Exam - uyaqonda ukuthi abantu bazoya kwezinye izikole, hhayi kwezinye.

Mhlawumbe lokhu kulungile, mhlawumbe akunjalo, kodwa kube namaphrojekthi amaningi ... Isibonelo, i-Yandex ngesikhathi esisodwa (futhi, ngokusho kwamahemuhemu "aphuzi", angizange ngiyibone, angazi) yanquma engeza inani lokuhlaselwa kwabashayeli bamatekisi kumodeli wokubikezela izindlu , okungukuthi, uhlobo oluthile lokusondela ezingeni lobugebengu, ukubala inani lezikhalazo ezivela kubashayeli bamatekisi ukuthi othile wabahlukumeza, wabasongela, njalonjalo. Bayenqaba ngokushesha ngaphakathi enkampanini ukuze bangenzi izinto ezinjalo.

Z: - Uxhumana nabafundi, ukuxhumana nababukeli ezweni lakini, ezweni lethu. Uqaphele enanini lemibuzo evela ezithamelini ukuthi sisekuleso sigaba sokuthuthuka lapho sicabanga ukuthi sidinga ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo, esingafihla kumuntu othile, sivikele idatha yethu ngokungasinikezi, ngokuyifihla, ngokuyibhala ngekhodi. Uma i-European Union isivele idlulele esigabeni esilandelayo, isigaba sobumfihlo, okusho ukulawula idatha - ukuphoqa wonke umuntu oqoqa idatha yakho ukuthi akunike ukulawula okuphumelelayo kuyo... Ngokusekelwe kumasampuli ngesifunda, ngokwezigaba zomphakathi - yisiphi isigaba sezakhamizi, abantu, esingaphezulu Ingabe usevele wadlulela esigabeni sesibili, noma ubani omunye ohlezi kakhulu kwesokuqala?

Ubani okhathazeke kakhulu ngokuvikeleka kwedatha yomuntu siqu?

OH: – Ingqikithi yeningi... Ngingathi: akekho othukayo! Lokhu kuyabakhathaza abaphathi abaphezulu manje. Ngamadolobha aseRussia lawa yiMoscow neSt. Isikhungo esisebenzayo yizingcweti ze-IT, abaklami, izingcweti zokudala, noma ubani owazi ukuhlunga okuqukethwe, athole ulwazi olusha, ngezinga eliphezulu lesithakazelo ezindabeni zamazwe ngamazwe. Laba ikakhulukazi abaphathi abaphezulu; yebo, ochwepheshe be-IT (singabali ochwepheshe bezokuphepha); amabhange - okungukuthi, bonke abantu abangase bathinteke ngandlela thize ngokuvuza kwedatha.

Uma, isibonelo, idatha yomunye umninikhaya we-Kaluga yebiwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi noma yini izoshintsha kakhulu empilweni yakhe uma othile emntshontsha, isibonelo, ukufinyelela ku-gmail, lapho egcina khona ukufinyelela ochungechungeni lwe-TV . Umbuzo uwukuthi umthetho uvikela wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo, futhi lokhu kulungile, ngoba ... ngokombono womthetho, wonke umuntu uyalingana - haha ​​... kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqonda idatha kabani izoba yimalini kuze kube yilapho le datha inyamalala - ngeshwa , kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela. Kodwa ngokuyisisekelo lesi sigaba sezakhamizi.

Ifoni - ku-foil!

Isikhathi kuphela empilweni yami ngabona ukugcinwa okuphelele kwakho konke nakho konke ezinkampanini ezimbili. Esinye isihlanganisi sokuphepha kolwazi esikhulu kunazo zonke: yonke into ekhona, ngisho ne-USB, ivalwe ngeglue ngaphakathi kwehhovisi; nabantu bakhona bayafana - ngahlangana nendoda eyayiphethe ucingo lwakhe esikhwameni se-foil. Ngithole ukuthi kunezinkampani ezidayisa izikhwama ezikhethekile ezifana nalezi. Futhi okwesibili ngabona indaba efanayo e-Bloomberg phakathi kwezisebenzi: sasimi ekamelweni lokubhema, futhi othile wayethatha izithombe ndawana thize, futhi omunye wabo - "Ukuze singabonakali lapho ngemuva!" Ngathi, “O, wow”!

“Singcono kuneFSB”

Angithandi ukusho ukuthi lokhu kungaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa labantu, kodwa, ngeshwa, ngobuningi obujwayelekile, cishe wonke umuntu akanandaba. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, nginenkonzo eyihlazo yokuqapha izenzo zezingane (sayethula kudala ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi "Singcono kune-FSB"), ukuze ngixwayise umzali ukuthi ingane encane idala udoti. , ngaphambi kwe-algorithm yethu, efakwe lapho -umuntu ozothunyelwa kuye.

Lapho uqinisekisa ingane, udinga ukuthumela i-scan yepasipoti yakho (lokhu, empeleni, umkhuba ojwayelekile), kodwa sabhala ukuthi ungakwazi ukunqamula inombolo yepasipoti ngoba asinandaba nayo; Sinentshisekelo kuphela esithombeni sakho, ihologram kanye nesibongo nesibongo. Futhi cishe i-100% yabantu - kahle, cishe ama-passports angama-95 kwayi-100 - abantu banqume ngokucophelela lezi zinombolo ku-Photoshop futhi bathumela ingxenye edingekayo kuphela. Okusho ukuthi, baqonda - yebo, njengoba bengayidingi, ngakho-ke abadingi ukuyithumela. Ngokubona kwami, lolu uhlobo oluthile lwenqubekelaphambili yangempela, olwabangelwa ukungasethembi kwabo.

Z: - Isampula icacile kakhulu. Kunabantu abafaka izicelo, asebethuthukile.

Abantu abafuni ukulandelelwa, kodwa abazifundi izivumelwano

OH: - Yebo. Futhi into yesibili iyafana: sethule isicelo sokuqomisana sokuhlolwa ekupheleni kwalowo nyaka (sizoyethula maduze). Kwakukhona iqembu lokulawula labantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-100. Futhi lapho, ngokwezindlela ze-GDPR, bekunamabhokisi okuhlola ayi-15 ku-akhawunti yami yomuntu siqu - nginikeza imvume yokuhlaziya ukusebenzisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukufinyelela izibalo zami zabantu, ukufinyelela ukwakhiwa kabusha kobuso obunezinhlangothi ezintathu, ukufinyelela imiyalezo yami yomuntu siqu, nokunye. . Sichaze konke ukufinyelela okungase kube khona ngangokunokwenzeka. Kukhona ngisho nezibalo ndawana thize mayelana nokuthi ubani omaka ukuthi imaphi amabhokisi. U-98% ushiye wonke amabhokisi ahlolwe ngokuzenzakalelayo (naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi baye kuleli khasi futhi babona konke, kodwa babengenandaba), kodwa kwakuthakazelisa ukuhlaziya lawa ma-2% ukuthi yini eyayibaluleke kakhulu kubantu.

Wonke umuntu ukhiphe imvume yokufinyelela imilayezo yomuntu siqu futhi cishe wonke umuntu wasusa imvume yokufinyelela idatha yokuhlolwa kocansi (abakuthandayo lapho, abakugcwalisa lapho, ukuhlanekezela kwabo - ukudlala nje). Kodwa abantu bakhahlelwa kulokhu, baxoshwa: isikhombimsebenzisi siyabatshela - funda lokhu ngokucophelela, kukunika ithuba lokuphenya ngalesi sivumelwano kuze kube sekupheleni. Kodwa lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngoba kwakuwumsebenzi wocwaningo futhi wonke umuntu wayexwayiswa. Ayikho inkampani eyodwa, kuhlanganise nathi, lapho ikhulula lolu hlelo lokusebenza esizindeni somphakathi, izophoqa umuntu ukuthi afunde lo mlayezo kuze kube sekupheleni, ngoba ... kahle, sorry, yilokho okusebenza ngakho konke.

Inqobo nje uma beze kithi, bazi ukuthi inkampani yenzani, bazi ukuthi baye enkonzweni ezokunikeza abazongenela ukhetho ngokusekelwe kuhlobo luni locansi oluthandayo - ngisho nangokusekelwe kulokhu, bangu-2% kuphela abafunde lawa mabhokisi okuhlola futhi ngokuvamile benza okuthile. . Futhi cishe akekho kubo oyeke ukumaka "Ukufinyelela kuthrafikhi nedatha ekuvakasheleni amanye amakhasi ewebhu." Ikakhulukazi wonke umuntu wayekhathazekile ngemiyalezo yomuntu siqu.

Ubunqunu nokuboshwa ngenxa yokuthandwa - imithetho ethokozisayo yamaRiphabhulikhi abazalwane

Z: – Nginombuzo mayelana nokuvikelwa kwedatha. Ungakwazi ukuthwala ifoni yakho nge-foil, wenze sengathi abekho... Bese kuvela ukuthi uyilondoloza, uyigcine, kodwa-ke kufanele unikeze idatha yakho kuhulumeni, ngoba ifuna kuwe, futhi awukwazi nje... Bese kuvela ukuthi osonkontileka bakahulumeni bagcwele izimbobo. Futhi eBelarus kukhona futhi inkambiso enjalo: uma ngibheka ukuphepha kwedatha yami yomuntu siqu (ngilungisa okuthile futhi ngifinyelele kuyo), khona-ke ngiyisigebengu ngokushesha. I-athikili efanayo yasetshenziselwa ukumangalela izintatheli "ecaleni le-BelT" lokuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha (ungayifunda ngokwakho). Ngakho-ke, owami umbuzo uthi: ingabe imikhawulo enjalo iyisilinganiso esisebenzayo sobumfihlo, futhi ngokuvamile esokuphepha kwedatha eyimfihlo?

OH: - Ngiyaqonda. Kunemithetho eminingi ethakazelisa kakhulu eBelarus. Ngisanda kuthola... Ngihlale ngizincokolela ngokusakaza ubunqunu, kodwa kuvele ukuthi lokhu akuvumelekile lapha.

Z: - Ukuboniswa akuvunyelwe!

OH: - Lokhu empeleni kuwuhlobo oluyinqaba.

Z: - Ungabuka, awukwazi ukudlulisa, awukwazi ukuthanda. Ngeke niyibuke nonke!

OH: - Ngizophendula umbuzo wakho. Ake ngibuyele esihlokweni esithi “ukuboshelwa ukuthandwa” eMoscow. E-Russia lesi yisihloko sokuqala. Angazi ukuthi kunjani eBelarus, kodwa, ngokungananazi, umbuso ... Uma uhlaziya izibalo, eMoscow 95 kwabangu-100 baboshwa ngenxa yokuthandwa lapho abantu bekhononda ngabantu, othile ubhalela ihhovisi lomshushisi ngomunye. umuntu. Umbuso awuvamile ukuqala amacala anjalo. Kimina kubonakala sengathi lo mthetho awunangqondo neze. Angazi nesisodwa isigebengu sangempela esaboshelwa lokhu. Kodwa lesi silinganiso sisetshenziselwa ukukhomba okungenani okuthile kumuntu. Kubonakala kimi ukuthi lokhu kuyinqaba ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngicabanga ukuthi izokhanselwa ngolunye usuku.

Z: - Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukugcina isivalo.

OH: - Hhayi-ke, kulungile ... angikwazi ukusho. Angisona ngempela isilo esisekela izwe, kodwa umbono wami ushintshile kancane, uyazi, ngabantu abeza kithi bathi: "Ingane yami ilahlekile, ngisize ngiyithole." Ngithi, “Angikwazi ukwenza lutho ngaphandle kwemvume yenkantolo.” Ubheka laba bazali ababenganikeza yonke into ekuphileni kwabo, banikeze noma yikuphi ukufinyelela kunoma iyiphi idatha, ukuze nje baxazulule inkinga yabo. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu kimi ukuba nengxoxo enjalo: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngikholelwa ukuthi umbuso wenza into efanele lapho ubamba abantu bangempela, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunikeza ukufinyelela okungalawuleki kuyindaba embi kakhulu.

Ngibuyela esiqeshini sakho, "ngiyaxolisa" ngokuphazamiseka. Angikholelwa nhlobo ezikhwameni ze-foil. Ukuba neselula nokuyisonga ngefoyili kuwubuwula. Kungani wenze lokhu? Ukuze ifoni ingaxhumeki ku-Wi-Fi? Kulula ukuyivala. Ukuze u-opharetha weselula angakuhlonzi? Basengakwazi ukuphindaphinda kathathu isignali futhi ngandlela thize bayibale. Kimina, izinyathelo zokuphepha ezisebenzayo kuphela isitoreji esivikelekile, njengenethiwekhi yendawo - mhlawumbe efulethini, lapho ungagcina khona okuthile.

Z: - Kunombuzo mayelana nomthetho. Ingabe umthetho uyacindezela kumuntu ofuna ukuhlola idatha yakhe?

OH: - Ngiyaqonda, yebo. Bengingazi nalokhu, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukukutshela ngokuqinisekile. Ayikho into enjalo eRussia, nakuba yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lapho. Mhlawumbe, ungabonisana nabameli abaqeqeshiwe futhi, mhlawumbe, kukhona uhlobo oluthile lwe-lophole - mhlawumbe ungafaka isicelo enkantolo ethile yaseYurophu ... Cha? Angikwazi ukukutshela ngalokhu. Ulwazi lwami lomthetho lukha phezulu, ezingeni lomphathi wenkampani. Ngiyazi ukuthi yini ongafanele ngiyenze ngaphandle kokukutshela lutho. Lokhu, yiqiniso, kudabukisa kakhulu.

Z: - Engikushoyo ukuthi kwamanye amazwe (isibonelo, e-States) kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukuthi ungahlola uhlobo oluthile lokuba sengozini, bese ukubika, kodwa ungakuvezi.

OH: - Yebo, "i-bug bounty". Ngabona ukuthi ikhona into enjalo.

Z: "Futhi izinkampani azinayo indlela yokukususa ngoba ishibhile."

OH: – Le nto iphinde ihambisane nezinga lomthetho. Kuya ngokuthi uthola kanjani lobu bungozi. Kimina kubonakala sengathi imali eningi ekhokhelwe lobu buthakathaka eMelika ikhokhwe ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zokungadaluli kanye nezinsongo zokumangalela lowo muntu. Kuphinde kube sengathi ubengalibambi ikhandlela. Sihlala sizifaka engozini yalolu hlobo lwento. Abasebenzi bami bathole ubungozi obufanayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezicelo zikahulumeni izikhathi ezimbalwa - ngihlala ngithi: "Thumela incwadi engaziwa kangcono kunokuba ubatshele ukuthi imbobo ikhona." Futhi-ke isikhungo esithile socwaningo sizofika futhi sinikeze le nsizakalo ... Ngokuvamile, ngeke ngiqhubeke.

Akunakwenzeka ukuhlola ubuqotho bebhizinisi: uma ungalithandi, ungalisebenzisi

Z: - Umbuzo. Uthe wenze isilingo - amabhokisi okuhlola angu-15 kufanele ahlolwe... Ake sithi umsebenzisi ukhansela wonke amabhokisi okuhlola. Ubani ozolawula lokhu futhi kanjani? Ngingakuhlola kanjani lokhu?

OH: - Ngizokutshela ngobuqotho: akekho futhi akukho ndlela. Ngokujulile. Iqiniso lokuthi umake futhi wasusa ukumaka ibhokisi elithi "Vimbela ukulandelela izikhangiso" kwa-Google akusho lutho nhlobo. Ngeshwa, ngisho nalapho usetha ukuvinjelwa kokufakwa kwezinkomba zenjini yokusesha ku-VKontakte, izinjini zokusesha zisakhomba, bese zinganikezi le miphumela kubantu abathile. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kweziphathimandla ezinekhono ezingakwazi ukukuqinisekisa lokhu. Futhi, izinkampani ezenza lokhu ziyimfihlo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-Facebook inesimo esifanele noma esingalungile, banaso esisodwa: uma ungayithandi, ungayisebenzisi.

Mayelana nomthetho

Z: – Nginombuzo owodwa nje olula. Uzizwa kanjani ngodaba lokulawula ekucutshungulweni kwedatha nokuzilawula?

OH: - Njengommeli wenkampani, ngikholelwa ukuthi imakethe nebhizinisi kudinga ukuzilawula. Ngikholelwa ukuthi i-Big Data Association ingakwazi ukulawula yonke into ngokwayo, ngaphandle kombuso. Angiyithembi ngempela imithetho kahulumeni futhi angizithembi ngempela zonke izindaba lapho umbuso ufuna ukuzigcinela okuthile, ngoba wonke amacala abonisa ukuthi lokhu kubi kakhulu. Othile nakanjani uzofaka ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi kusitika esiphuzi kumonitha nokunye.

Ngokuvamile, ngikholelwa ekuzilawuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngikholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni emi-5 ezayo sizofika ohlotsheni oluthile lokuvuleleka. Ngisho namanje usuvele ubona lokhu kusuka eziphakelini zezindaba ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthi umbuso uqambe amanga kubasebenzisi, futhi kunzima kakhulu kubasebenzisi ukuqamba amanga ohlelweni. Futhi lokhu, ngokomthetho, cishe kuhle. Njengoba izikhulu zethu zezobunhloli zikhonjwa ezithombeni zomphakathi
Cishe konke lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kwezinga lobugebengu. Awu, ngokwezibalo kuphela. Uma kukhona onentshisekelo yokukhuluma ngokunciphisa izinga lobugebengu, kuneziphetho eziningi ezahlukene ezingafinyelelwa. Ngokuvamile, ngingowokuzilawula kwemakethe. Ngiyabonga!

Ezinye izikhangiso 🙂

Siyabonga ngokuhlala nathi. Uyazithanda izindatshana zethu? Ufuna ukubona okuqukethwe okuthakaselayo okwengeziwe? Sisekele ngokufaka i-oda noma ngokuncoma kubangani, I-VPS yefu yonjiniyela kusuka ku-$4.99, i-analogue ehlukile yamaseva ezinga lokungena, esungulwe yithi ngenxa yakho: Lonke iqiniso nge-VPS (KVM) E5-2697 v3 (6 Cores) 10GB DDR4 480GB SSD 1Gbps kusuka ku-$19 noma ukwabelana ngeseva? (itholakala nge-RAID1 kanye ne-RAID10, kufika kuma-cores angu-24 kuze kufike ku-40GB DDR4).

I-Dell R730xd 2x ishibhile esikhungweni sedatha se-Equinix Tier IV e-Amsterdam? Lapha kuphela 2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TV kusukela ku-$199 eNetherlands! I-Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - isuka ku-$99! Funda mayelana Indlela yokwakha ingqalasizinda corp. ikilasi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 amaseva abiza u-9000 euros ngepeni?

Source: www.habr.com