Ukuhunyushwa kwe-athikili kusuka unjiniyela uGeorge Hilliard
Iyachofozeka
Ngingunjiniyela wezinhlelo ezishumekiwe. Ngesikhathi sami esikhululekile, ngivame ukubheka okuthile okungasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo, noma okuthile okuvela ezithakazelweni zami.
Enye indawo enjalo amakhompyutha ashibhile angakwazi ukusebenzisa i-Linux, futhi eshibhile iba ngcono. Ngakho-ke ngemba phansi umgodi onogwaja ojulile wamaphrosesa angacacile.
Ngacabanga, "Lawa ma-processor ashibhile kangangokuthi anganikezwa mahhala." Futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kwafika umqondo kimi wokwenza ikhadi elingenalutho le-Linux ngesimo sekhadi lebhizinisi.
Lapho sengicabangile ngakho, nganquma ukuthi kungaba yinto emnandi ngempela ukuyenza. Senginakho ukuze , futhi babenamakhono ahlukahlukene athakazelisayo, njengokulingisa amakhadi e-flash, amalambu akhanyayo, noma ngisho nokudluliswa kwedatha okungenantambo. Nokho, angikawaboni amakhadi ebhizinisi anokusekelwa kweLinux.
Ngakho ngazenza omunye.
Lena inguqulo eqediwe yomkhiqizo. Ikhompyutha encane ephelele ye-ARM esebenzisa inguqulo yami yangokwezifiso ye-Linux eyakhelwe nge-Buildroot.
Inembobo ye-USB ekhoneni. Uma uyixhuma kukhompuyutha, iqala ngemizuzwana engu-6 futhi ibonakala njengekhadi elifuleshayo kanye nembobo ye-serial ebonakalayo ongangena ngayo kugobolondo lekhadi. Ku-flash drive kunefayela le-README, ikhophi ye-CV yami kanye nezithombe zami ezimbalwa. Igobolondo linemidlalo eminingana, eyakudala ye-Unix efana nenhlanhla ne-rogue, inguqulo encane yomdlalo 2048 kanye nomhumushi we-MicroPython.
Konke lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-flash chip encane kakhulu engu-8 MB. I-bootloader ilingana ku-256 KB, i-kernel ithatha u-1,6 MB, futhi lonke uhlelo lwefayela lezimpande luthatha u-2,4 MB. Ngakho-ke, kunesikhala esiningi esisele se-virtual flash drive. Kukhona nohla lwemibhalo lwasekhaya olubhalwayo uma kwenzeka noma ubani enza noma yini afuna ukuyigcina. Konke lokhu futhi kulondolozwe ku-flash chip.
Yonke idivayisi ibiza ngaphansi kuka-$3. Kushibhile ngokwanele ukukunikeza. Uma uthole idivayisi enjalo kimi, kusho ukuthi cishe ngizama ukukuhlaba umxhwele.
Dizayina futhi wakhe
Ngaklama futhi ngahlanganisa yonke into ngokwami. Kungumsebenzi wami futhi ngiyawuthanda, futhi inselele enkulu bekuwukuthola izingxenye ezishibhile ezanele zomsebenzi wokuzilibazisa.
Ukukhetha iphrosesa kwakuyisinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu esithinta izindleko kanye nokuba nokwenzeka kwephrojekthi. Ngemva kocwaningo olunzulu, ngakhetha ama-F1C100s, iphrosesa engaziwa kangako evela ku-Allwinner ethuthukisiwe (okungukuthi, eshibhile kakhulu). Kokubili i-RAM ne-CPU zitholakala kuphakheji efanayo. Ngithenge amaprosesa eTaobao. Zonke ezinye izingxenye zathengwa kwa-LCSC.
Nga-oda amabhodi kwa-JLC. Bangenzela amakhophi angu-8 ngo-$10. Izinga labo liyamangalisa, ikakhulukazi ngentengo; hhayi ngobunono njenge-OSHPark's, kodwa namanje ubukeka umuhle.
Ngenze iqoqo lokuqala libe mnyama. Zazibukeka zizinhle, kodwa zazingcole kalula.
Kube nezinkinga ezimbalwa ngeqoqo lokuqala. Okokuqala, isixhumi se-USB besingeside ngokwanele ukuthi singangena ngokuphephile kunoma yiziphi izimbobo ze-USB. Okwesibili, amathrekhi e-flash enziwe ngokungalungile, kodwa ngizungeza lokhu ngokugoba oxhumana nabo.
Ngemva kokuhlola ukuthi yonke into yayisebenza, nga-oda iqoqo elisha lamabhodi; Ungabona isithombe somunye wabo ekuqaleni kwesihloko.
Ngenxa yobuncane bazo zonke lezi zingxenye ezincane, nginqume ukusebenzisa i-reflow soldering usebenzisa . Ngiyakwazi ukuthola isisiki se-laser, ngakho-ke ngisisebenzisele ukusika i-stencil yokuhlanganisa efilimini ye-laminator. I-stencil yavela kahle kakhulu. Izimbobo ezinobubanzi obungu-0,2 mm koxhumana nabo bephrosesa zazidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu - kwakubalulekile ukugxilisa i-laser ngendlela efanele nokukhetha amandla ayo.
Amanye amabhodi asebenza kahle ukubamba ibhodi ngenkathi usebenzisa unamathisele.
Ngafaka i-solder paste futhi ngabeka izingxenye ngesandla. Ngenze isiqiniseko sokuthi umthofu awusetshenziswanga noma kuphi kule nqubo - wonke amabhodi, izingxenye nokunamathisela kuhlangabezana nezinga - ukuze unembeza wami ungangihlukumezi lapho ngizabela abantu.
Ngenze iphutha elincane ngaleli qoqo, kodwa i-solder paste ithethelela amaphutha, futhi konke kuhambe kahle
Ingxenye ngayinye ithathe cishe imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuma, ngakho ngizamile ukugcina inani lezingxenye libe lincane. Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokwakhiwa kwemephu ingafundwa kwenye .
Uhlu lwezinto kanye nezindleko
Nganamathela kubhajethi eqinile. Futhi ikhadi lebhizinisi liphenduke njengoba lalihlosiwe - anginankinga nokulinikeza! Yiqiniso, ngeke nginikeze wonke umuntu, ngoba kuthatha isikhathi ukwenza ikhophi ngayinye, futhi isikhathi sami asicatshangelwa ezindlekweni zekhadi lebhizinisi (uhlobo lwamahhala).
Isakhi
Izindleko
I-F1C100s
$1.42
PCB
$0.80
8MB flash
$0.17
Zonke ezinye izingxenye
$0.49
Inani
$2.88
Ngokwemvelo, kukhona nezindleko okunzima ukuzibala, njengokulethwa (njengoba zisakazwa phakathi kwezingxenye ezihloselwe amaphrojekthi amaningana). Nokho, ebhodini elisekela i-Linux, ishibhile impela. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kunikeza nombono omuhle wokuthi kubiza malini izinkampani ukwenza amadivaysi engxenyeni yamanani aphansi kakhulu: ungaqiniseka ukuthi kubiza izinkampani ngisho nangaphansi kwalokho engibiza ngakho!
Izici
Ukuthini? Ikhadi livula i-Linux ehlubule kakhulu ngemizuzwana eyi-6. Ngenxa yefomu nezindleko, ikhadi alinayo i-I/O, usekelo lwenethiwekhi, noma inani elibalulekile lesitoreji ukuze liqalise izinhlelo ezinzima. Noma kunjalo, ngikwazile ukuhlanganisa izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo esithombeni se-firmware.
USB
Kunezinto eziningi ezipholile ezingenziwa nge-USB, kodwa ngakhetha inketho elula ukuze abantu babe maningi amathuba okuthi bayisebenzise uma benquma ukuzama ikhadi lami lebhizinisi. I-Linux ivumela ikhadi ukuthi liziphathe "njengedivayisi" enosekelo . Ngithathe amanye abashayeli kumaphrojekthi wangaphambilini afaka le processor, ngakho ngiyakwazi ukufinyelela kukho konke ukusebenza kohlaka lwegajethi ye-USB. Nginqume ukulingisa i-flash drive ekhiqizwe ngaphambili futhi nginikeze igobolondo ukufinyelela ngembobo ye-serial ebonakalayo.
Igobolondo
Ngemuva kokungena njengempande, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo ezilandelayo ku-serial console:
- i-rogue: umdlalo wakudala wokukhasa womgodi we-Unix;
- 2048: umdlalo olula we-2048 kumodi ye-console;
- fortune: ukukhishwa kwezisho ezihlukahlukene zokuzenzisa. Nginqume ukungafaki yonke imininingwane egciniwe yengcaphuno lapha ukuze ngishiye indawo yezinye izici;
- : Umhumushi omncane kakhulu wePython.
Ukulingiswa kwe-Flash Drive
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, amathuluzi okwakha akhiqiza isithombe esincane se-FAT32 futhi asengeze njengesinye sezingxenye ze-UBI. I-Linux Gadget Subsystem yethula i-PC yakhe njengedivayisi yokugcina.
Uma ufisa ukubona lokho okuvela ku-flash drive, indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukufunda . Kukhona nezithombe ezimbalwa kanye ne-resume yami.
Izinsiza
Imithombo
Isihlahla sami se-Buildroot sifakwe ku-GitHub - . Kunekhodi yokukhiqiza isithombe se-NOR flash, esifakwa kusetshenziswa imodi yokulanda ye-USB yephrosesa. Iphinde ibe nazo zonke izincazelo zephakheji yemidlalo nezinye izinhlelo engaziphusha ku-Buildroot ngemuva kokuthi konke kusebenze. Uma ungathanda ukusebenzisa ama-F1C100 kuphrojekthi yakho, lokhu kungaba isiqalo esihle (khululeka ).
ngisebenzise I-Linux v4.9 ye-F1C100s yi-Icenowy, eklanywe kabusha kancane. Ikhadi lami lisebenza cishe i-v5.2 ejwayelekile. Iku-GitHub - .
Ngicabanga ukuthi nginechweba elingcono kakhulu le-U-Boot lama-F1C100s emhlabeni namuhla, futhi ngokwengxenye lisekelwe emsebenzini ka-Icenowy (okumangalisayo ukuthi, ukwenza i-U-Boot isebenze kahle kwakuwumsebenzi okhungathekisayo). Ungayithola futhi ku-GitHub - .
Amadokhumenti e-F1C100s
Ngithole imibhalo emincane ye-F1C100s, futhi ngiyithumela lapha:
- - ulwazi olujwayelekile kanye ne-pinout.
- β bhalisa izincazelo ze-F1C600, empeleni eyi-F1C100 efanayo, kodwa iqanjwe kabusha ngokusekelwa kwe-Linux okumenyezelwe (ha!).
- Ngiboleke ulwazi oluvela kumdwebo ovela kuwo - ibhodi lokuthuthukisa engangilisebenzise ukumisa isofthiwe.
Ngiyilayishela abafuna ukwazi. .
isiphetho
Ngifunde okuningi ngesikhathi ngithuthukiswa le phrojekthi - bekuyiphrojekthi yami yokuqala ngisebenzisa ihhavini le-reflow soldering. Ngiphinde ngafunda ukuthi ngingathola kanjani izinsiza zezingxenye ezinamadokhumenti ampofu.
Ngisebenzise ulwazi lwami olukhona nge-Linux eshumekiwe nolwazi lokuthuthukiswa kwebhodi. Iphrojekthi ayinawo amaphutha, kodwa ikhombisa wonke amakhono ami kahle.
Kulabo abanentshisekelo ngemininingwane yokusebenza neLinux eshumekiwe, ngiphakamisa ukuthi ufunde uchungechunge lwami lwezihloko mayelana nalokhu: . Lapho ngikhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nendlela yokudala isofthiwe ne-hardware kusukela ekuqaleni kwezinhlelo ze-Linux ezincane nezishibhile, ezifana nekhadi lami lokushaya ucingo.
Source: www.habr.com