Kuyaziwa ukuthi ikhono le-CTO lihlolwa okwesibili kuphela lapho enza le ndima. Ngoba kuyinto eyodwa ukusebenza enkampanini iminyaka eminingana, uguquke nayo futhi, ekubeni sesimweni esifanayo samasiko, kancane kancane uthole umthwalo wemfanelo owengeziwe. Futhi kungokunye futhi ukuza ngqo esikhundleni sokuba umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe enkampanini enemithwalo yefa kanye nenqwaba yezinkinga ezishanelwe ngobunono ngaphansi kombhoxo.

Ngalo mqondo, isipiliyoni sikaLeon Fire, awabelana ngaso I-DevOpsConf, hhayi eyingqayizivele ncamashi, kodwa iphindaphindwe ngolwazi lwakhe kanye nenani lezindima ezihlukene akwazi ukuzizama phakathi neminyaka engu-20, kuwusizo kakhulu. Ngezansi kwesinqamuleli kukhona ukulandelana kwezenzakalo zezinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-90 kanye nezindaba eziningi ezimnandi ukuhleka uma zenzeka komunye umuntu, kodwa ezingajabulisi kangako ukubhekana nazo mathupha.

U-Leon ukhuluma ngokugqamile ngesiRashiya, ngakho-ke uma unemizuzu engama-35-40, ngincoma ukubuka ividiyo. Inguqulo yombhalo ukuze wonge isikhathi ngezansi.

Inguqulo yokuqala yombiko kwakuyincazelo ehlelwe kahle yokusebenza nabantu nezinqubo, eziqukethe izincomo eziwusizo. Kodwa akazange aveze zonke izimanga ezihlangabezene nazo endleleni. Ngakho-ke, ngishintshe ifomethi futhi ngethula izinkinga ezivele phambi kwami ​​njengojack-in-the-box enkampanini entsha, nezindlela zokuzixazulula ngokulandelana kwazo.

Inyanga eyodwa ngaphambili

Njengezindaba eziningi ezimnandi, lena yaqala ngotshwala. Besihleli nabangani endaweni yokucima ukoma, futhi njengoba bekulindelekile kochwepheshe be-IT, wonke umuntu ubekhala ngezinkinga zakhe. Omunye wabo ubesanda kushintsha umsebenzi futhi ekhuluma ngezinkinga zakhe kwezobuchwepheshe, nabantu, kanye neqembu. Lapho ngiqhubeka ngilalela, ngabona nakakhulu ukuthi kufanele avele angiqashe, ngoba lezi yizinhlobo zezinkinga engangizixazulula eminyakeni engu-15 edlule. Ngamtshela kanjalo, ngakusasa sahlangana endaweni yokusebenza. Le nkampani ibibizwa ngeTeaching Strategies.

I-Teaching Strategies ingumholi wemakethe ohlelweni lwezifundo lwezingane ezincane kakhulu kusukela zizalwa kuya eminyakeni emithathu ubudala. Inkampani yendabuko "yephepha" isivele ineminyaka engu-40 ubudala, futhi inguqulo yedijithali ye-SaaS yesikhulumi ineminyaka engu-10. Kamuva nje, inqubo yokuvumelanisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali kuzindinganiso zenkampani yaqala. Inguqulo "entsha" yethulwe ngo-2017 futhi yayicishe ifane nendala, kuphela yasebenza kabi kakhulu.

Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi ithrafikhi yale nkampani ibikezelwa kakhulu - usuku nosuku, unyaka nonyaka, ungabikezela ngokucacile ukuthi bangaki abantu abazofika futhi nini. Isibonelo, phakathi kuka-13 no-15 ntambama zonke izingane ezinkulisa zilala futhi othisha baqale ukufaka ulwazi. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kwezimpelasonto, ngoba cishe akekho osebenza ngezimpelasonto.

Uma ngibheka phambili kancane, ngizoqaphela ukuthi ngiqale umsebenzi wami phakathi nenkathi yethrafikhi ephakeme kakhulu yonyaka, okuthakazelisayo ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

Iplatifomu, ebibonakala ineminyaka emi-2 kuphela, ibinesitaki esingajwayelekile: I-ColdFusion & SQL Server kusuka ku-2008. I-ColdFusion, uma ungazi, futhi okungenzeka ukuthi awazi, i-PHP yebhizinisi eyaphuma maphakathi nawo-90s, futhi kusukela lapho angikaze ngizwe ngayo. Futhi kwakukhona: Ruby, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Java, Go, Python. Kodwa i-monolith eyinhloko yasebenza ku-ColdFusion ne-SQL Server.

Izinkinga

Lapho ngiqhubeka ngikhuluma nabasebenzi benkampani ngomsebenzi nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezahlangatshezwana nazo, kulapho ngabona khona ukuthi izinkinga zazingezona nje izinto zobuchwepheshe. Kulungile, ubuchwepheshe budala - futhi abazange basebenze kukho, kodwa kwakukhona izinkinga neqembu kanye nezinqubo, futhi inkampani yaqala ukuqonda lokhu.

Ngokwesiko, ama-techies abo ayehlala ekhoneni futhi enze uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi. Kodwa ibhizinisi liyanda futhi laqala ukudlula inguqulo yedijithali. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka odlule ngaphambi kokuba ngiqale ukusebenza, kwavela abasha enkampanini: ibhodi labaqondisi, i-CTO, i-CPO kanye nomqondisi we-QA. Okusho ukuthi, inkampani yaqala ukutshala imali emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe.

Imikhondo yefa elisindayo yayingekho ezinhlelweni kuphela. Inkampani yayinezinqubo zefa, abantu abafa, isiko lefa. Konke lokhu kwadingeka kushintshwe. Ngacabanga ukuthi kwakungeke neze kube yisicefe, futhi nganquma ukuyizama.

Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambili

Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi omusha, ngafika ehhovisi, ngagcwalisa amaphepha okugcina, ngahlangana neqembu, ngathola ukuthi iqembu lalinenkinga ngaleso sikhathi. Kwakuwukuthi isikhathi esimaphakathi sokulayisha ikhasi sigxume safika kumasekhondi angu-4, okungukuthi, izikhathi ezi-2.

Ngokubheka igrafu, kukhona okwenzeka ngokucacile, futhi akucaci ukuthi yini. Kwavela ukuthi inkinga yayiyi-network latency esikhungweni sedatha: i-5 ms latency esikhungweni sedatha iphenduke i-2 s kubasebenzisi. Angazi ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, kodwa kunoma yikuphi kwaziwa ukuthi inkinga isesikhungweni sedatha.

Usuku lokuqala

Kwadlula izinsuku ezimbili kwathi ngosuku lwami lokuqala emsebenzini ngathola ukuthi inkinga ayikapheli.

Izinsuku ezimbili, amakhasi abasebenzisi alayishwa ngokwesilinganiso kumasekhondi angu-4. Ngiyabuza ukuthi ngabe bayitholile yini inkinga.

- Yebo, sivule ithikithi.
- KANYE?
- Awu, abakasiphenduli okwamanje.

Ngabe sengiqaphela ukuthi konke engangitshelwe ngakho ngaphambili kwakumane nje kuyingcosana yentaba yeqhwa okwakumelwe ngilwe nayo.

Kukhona isisho esihle esifanelana kahle nalokhu:

"Kwesinye isikhathi ukuze ushintshe ubuchwepheshe kufanele ushintshe inhlangano."

Kodwa njengoba ngiqale umsebenzi ngesikhathi esimatasa kakhulu sonyaka, kwadingeka ngibheke izindlela zombili zokuxazulula inkinga: kokubili okusheshayo nangesikhathi eside. Futhi qala ngalokho okubalulekile njengamanje.

Usuku lwesithathu

Ngakho, ukulayisha kuthatha imizuzwana 4, futhi kusukela 13 kuya 15 iziqongo ezinkulu.

Ngosuku lwesithathu phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isivinini sokulanda sasibukeka kanje:

Ngokombono wami, akukho lutho olusebenzayo. Ngokombono wawo wonke umuntu ibihamba kancane kunokujwayelekile. Kodwa akwenzeki kanjalo—kuyinkinga enkulu.

Ngizamile ukukholisa iqembu, eliphendule kulo ukuthi lidinga amaseva amaningi. Lokhu, yiqiniso, kuyisixazululo senkinga, kodwa akusona njalo kuphela futhi esisebenza kakhulu. Ngibuze ukuthi kungani bekungekho amaseva anele, ibingakanani ivolumu yethrafikhi. Ngikhiphe idatha futhi ngathola ukuthi sinezicelo ezingaba ngu-150 ngesekhondi, okuyinto, empeleni, ewela ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo enengqondo.

Kodwa akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba uthole impendulo efanele, udinga ukubuza umbuzo oqondile. Umbuzo wami olandelayo wawuthi: zingaki amaseva angaphambili esinawo? Impendulo “yangidida kancane” - besinamaseva angu-17 angaphambili!

- Nginamahloni okubuza, kodwa i-150 ehlukaniswe ngo-17 inikeza cishe u-8? Ingabe uthi iseva ngayinye ivumela izicelo ezingu-8 ngomzuzwana, futhi uma kusasa kunezicelo ezingu-160 ngomzuzwana, sizodinga amaseva angu-2 ngaphezulu?

Yebo, besingazidingi iziphakeli ezengeziwe. Isixazululo sasikukhodi ngokwayo, nangaphezulu:

var currentClass = classes.getCurrentClass();
return currentClass;

Bekunomcimbi getCurrentClass(), ngoba yonke into kusayithi isebenza kumongo weklasi - kunjalo. Futhi kulo msebenzi owodwa ekhasini ngalinye kwakukhona 200+ izicelo.

Isixazululo ngale ndlela besilula kakhulu, bekungadingeki ukuthi uphinde ubhale noma yini: ungaphinde ucele ulwazi olufanayo futhi.

if ( !isDefined("REQUEST.currentClass") ) {
    var classes = new api.private.classes.base();
   REQUEST.currentClass = classes.getCurrentClass();
}
return REQUEST.currentClass;

Ngajabula kakhulu ngoba nganquma ukuthi ngosuku lwesithathu nje ngithole inkinga enkulu. Njengoba ngangingenangqondo, lena kwakungenye yezinkinga eziningi.

Kodwa ukuxazulula le nkinga yokuqala kwehlise igrafu ngaphansi kakhulu.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sasenza okunye ukulungiselelwa. Kwakunezinto eziningi ezazingalungiswa. Isibonelo, ngosuku lwesithathu olufanayo ngathola ukuthi kwakukhona inqolobane ohlelweni ngemuva kwakho konke (ekuqaleni ngangicabanga ukuthi zonke izicelo zivela ngokuqondile ku-database). Uma ngicabanga ngenqolobane, ngicabanga nge-Redis evamile noma i-Memcached. Kodwa yimi ngedwa engangicabanga kanjalo, ngoba lolo hlelo lwalusebenzisa i-MongoDB kanye ne-SQL Server ukuze kugcinwe isikhashana - yona kanye leyo idatha esanda kufundwa kuyo.

Usuku lweshumi

Ngesonto lokuqala ngabhekana nezinkinga okwakudingeka zixazululwe njengamanje. Endaweni ethile ngesonto lesibili, ngifike endaweni yokumisa okokuqala ukuze ngikhulume neqembu, ukuze ngibone ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi yonke inqubo ihamba kanjani.

Okuthile okuthokozisayo kuphinde kwatholwa. Ithimba lakhiwe ngabathuthukisi abayi-18; 8 abahloli; 3 abaphathi; 2 abadwebi bezakhiwo. Futhi bonke bahlanganyela emasikweni afanayo, okungukuthi, abantu abangaphezu kuka-30 babeza ukuzosukuma njalo ekuseni futhi batshele abakwenzile. Kuyacaca ukuthi umhlangano awuthathanga imizuzu emi-5 noma engu-15. Akekho owalalela omunye ngoba wonke umuntu usebenza ezinhlelweni ezahlukene. Kuleli fomu, amathikithi angu-2-3 ngehora eseshini yokuzilungisa kwase kungumphumela omuhle.

Into yokuqala esiyenzile ukuhlukanisa iqembu libe yimigqa eminingana yomkhiqizo. Ezigabeni ezihlukene namasistimu, sabele amaqembu ahlukene, ahlanganisa onjiniyela, abahloli, abaphathi bemikhiqizo, nabahlaziyi bebhizinisi.

Ngenxa yalokho sithole:

• Ukunciphisa ama-stand-ups nama-rally.
• Ulwazi lwesihloko lomkhiqizo.
• Umuzwa wobunikazi. Ngenkathi abantu bejwayele ukusebenzisa amasistimu ngaso sonke isikhathi, babazi ukuthi omunye umuntu cishe kuzodingeka asebenze nezimbungulu zabo, kodwa hhayi bona.
• Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamaqembu. Akudingeki ukuthi, i-QA ayizange ixhumane kakhulu nabahleli bezinhlelo ngaphambili, umkhiqizo wenza okwawo, njll. Manje banephuzu elifanayo lomthwalo wemfanelo.

Sasigxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle, ukukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi - lezi yizinkinga esizame ukuzixazulula ngoguquko lweqembu.

Usuku lweshumi nanye

Enqubweni yokushintsha isakhiwo seqembu, ngathola ukuthi kubalwa kanjani Indabaamaphuzu. U-1 SP wawulingana nosuku olulodwa, futhi ithikithi ngalinye laliqukethe i-SP yakho kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kanye ne-QA, okungukuthi, okungenani 2 SP.

Ngikuthole kanjani lokhu?

Sithole isiphazamisi: komunye wemibiko, lapho idethi yokuqala neyokuphela kwesikhathi lapho umbiko udingeka khona, usuku lokugcina alunakwa. Okusho ukuthi, endaweni ethile esicelweni kwakungekho <=, kodwa kumane <. Ngatshelwa ukuthi lawa Amaphuzu Endaba amathathu, okungukuthi Izinsuku ze-3.

Ngemva kwalokhu:

• Uhlelo lokulinganisa Amaphuzu Endaba lubuyekeziwe. Manje ukulungiswa kweziphazamisi ezincane ezingadluliswa ngokushesha kusistimu kufinyelela kumsebenzisi ngokushesha.
• Saqala ukuhlanganisa amathikithi ahlobene okuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa. Ngaphambilini, wonke amathikithi, zonke iziphazamisi bekuyi-ecosystem evaliwe, engaboshiwe kunoma yini enye. Ukushintsha izinkinobho ezintathu ekhasini elilodwa bekungaba amathikithi amathathu ahlukene anezinqubo ezintathu ezihlukene ze-QA esikhundleni sokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo okukodwa ekhasini ngalinye.
• Siqale ukusebenza nonjiniyela endleleni yokulinganisa izindleko zabasebenzi. Izinsuku ezintathu zokushintsha inkinobho eyodwa azihlekisi.

Usuku lwamashumi amabili

Endaweni ethile phakathi nenyanga yokuqala, isimo sazinza kancane, ngabona ukuthi kwenzekani ngokuyisisekelo, futhi kakade ngaqala ukubheka esikhathini esizayo futhi ngicabange ngezixazululo zesikhathi eside.

Imigomo yesikhathi eside:

• Inkundla ephethwe. Amakhulu ezicelo ekhasini ngalinye azizimbi kangako.
• Amathrendi angabikezelwa. Kube neziqongo zethrafikhi ezikhathini ezithile lapho uma uthi nhlá zangahlobananga namanye amamethrikhi - besidinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka futhi sifunde ukubikezela.
• Ukunwetshwa kwenkundla. Ibhizinisi likhula njalo, abasebenzisi abaningi bayeza, futhi nokuhamba kwabantu kuyanda.

Esikhathini esidlule kwakuvame ukuthi: “Asibhale kabusha yonke into [ngolimi/uhlaka], konke kuzosebenza kangcono!”

Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kungasebenzi, kuhle uma ukubhala kabusha kungasebenzi nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, besidinga ukwakha imephu yomgwaqo - isu elithile elibonisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi imigomo yebhizinisi izofezwa kanjani (sizokwenzenjani nokuthi kungani), okuyikhona:

• ikhombisa inhloso kanye nezinjongo zephrojekthi;
• ubeka eqhulwini imigomo esemqoka;
• iqukethe uhlelo lokuzifeza.

Ngaphambi kwalokhu, akekho owayeke wakhuluma nethimba ngenjongo yanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezenziwayo. Lokhu kudinga amamethrikhi empumelelo alungile. Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wenkampani, sabeka ama-KPI eqembu lobuchwepheshe, futhi lezi zinkomba ziboshelwe ezinhlanganweni.

Okusho ukuthi, ama-KPI enhlangano asekelwa amaqembu, futhi ama-KPI eqembu asekelwa ama-KPI angawodwana. Uma kungenjalo, uma ama-KPI ezobuchwepheshe engahlangani nalawo enhlangano, wonke umuntu uyazidonsela ingubo.

Isibonelo, enye ye-KPI yenhlangano ikhulisa isabelo semakethe ngemikhiqizo emisha.

Ungawusekela kanjani umgomo wokuba nemikhiqizo eminingi emisha?

• Okokuqala, sifuna ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi sakha imikhiqizo emisha esikhundleni sokulungisa iziphambeko. Lesi yisixazululo esinengqondo okulula ukusikala.
• Okwesibili, sifuna ukusekela ukwenyuka kwevolumu yokwenziwayo, ngoba lapho isabelo semakethe sikhulu, abasebenzisi abaningi futhi, ngokufanelekile, i-traffic eyengeziwe.

Bese kuthi ama-KPI angawodwana angasetshenziswa ngaphakathi kweqembu, ngokwesibonelo, azoba sendaweni lapho kuvela khona izinkinga ezinkulu. Uma ugxila ngokukhethekile kulesi sigaba, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukushiyeka okuncane kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokwenza imikhiqizo emisha kanye nokusekela ama-KPI enhlangano sizokhula.

Ngakho, zonke izinqumo, kuhlanganise nekhodi yokubhala kabusha, kufanele zisekele imigomo ethile inkampani esibekele yona (ukukhula kwenhlangano, izici ezintsha, ukuqashwa).

Phakathi nale nqubo, kwavela into ethakazelisayo, eyaba yizindaba hhayi kuphela kuma-techies, kodwa ngokuvamile enkampanini: wonke amathikithi kufanele agxile okungenani i-KPI eyodwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma umkhiqizo uthi ufuna ukwenza isici esisha, umbuzo wokuqala kufanele ubuzwe: "Iyiphi i-KPI esekelwa yilesi sici?" Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke uxolo - kubonakala njengesici esingadingekile.

Usuku lwamashumi amathathu

Ekupheleni kwenyanga, ngathola enye i-nuance: akekho eqenjini lami le-Ops owake wabona izinkontileka esingena kuzo namakhasimende. Ungabuza ukuthi kungani udinga ukubona abathintwayo.

• Okokuqala, ngoba ama-SLA acacisiwe ezinkontilekeni.
• Okwesibili, ama-SLA ahlukene. Iklayenti ngalinye lafika nezidingo zalo, futhi umnyango wezokuthengisa wasayina ngaphandle kokubheka.

Enye i-nuance ethokozisayo ukuthi inkontileka nelinye lamaklayenti amakhulu kakhulu ithi zonke izinguqulo zesoftware ezisekelwa ipulatifomu kumele zibe n-1, okungukuthi, hhayi inguqulo yakamuva, kodwa eyokuqala.

Kuyacaca ukuthi besikude kangakanani ne-n-1 uma inkundla ibisekelwe ku-ColdFusion ne-SQL Server 2008, ebingasasekelwa nhlobo ngoJulayi.

Usuku lwamashumi amane nanhlanu

Maphakathi nenyanga yesibili ngaba nesikhathi esanele sokuhlala phansi ngenze InaniUkusakazamapping ngokuphelele kuyo yonke inqubo. Lezi yizinyathelo ezidingekayo okufanele zithathwe, kusukela ekudaleni umkhiqizo kuye ekuwuhambiseni kumthengi, futhi zidinga ukuchazwa ngemininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uphula inqubo ibe yizicucu ezincane futhi ubone ukuthi yini ethatha isikhathi esiningi kakhulu, yini engathuthukiswa, ithuthukiswe, njll. Isibonelo, kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi isicelo somkhiqizo sidlule ekuzilungiseni, sifika nini ithikithi unjiniyela angalithatha, i-QA, njll. Ngakho ubheka isinyathelo ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe futhi ucabange ngalokho okungathuthukiswa.

Lapho ngenza lokhu, izinto ezimbili zangibamba iso:

• iphesenti eliphezulu lamathikithi abuyiselwe esuka ku-QA abuyele konjiniyela;
• ukubuyekezwa kwesicelo sokudonsa kuthathe isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Inkinga yayiwukuthi lezi kwakuyiziphetho ezinjengokuthi: Kubonakala sengathi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi, kodwa asinaso isiqiniseko sokuthi isikhathi esingakanani.

"Awukwazi ukuthuthukisa lokho ongakwazi ukukukala."

Indlela yokuthethelela ukuthi inkinga ibucayi kangakanani? Ingabe imosha izinsuku noma amahora?

Ukulinganisa lokhu, sengeze izinyathelo ezimbalwa kunqubo ye-Jira: “ilungele i-dev” futhi “ilungele i-QA” ukukala ukuthi ithikithi ngalinye lilinda isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi libuyela kangaki esinyathelweni esithile.

Siphinde sengeza "ekubuyekezweni" ukuze sazi ukuthi mangaki amathikithi asesilinganiso sokubuyekezwa, futhi kusukela kulokhu ungaqala ukudansa. Besinamamethrikhi esistimu, manje sengeze amamethrikhi amasha futhi saqala ukulinganisa:

• Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo: ukusebenza nokuhleliwe/kulethiwe.
• Ikhwalithi yokucubungula: inani lamaphutha, amaphutha avela ku-QA.

Kuyasiza ngempela ukuqonda ukuthi yini ehamba kahle nokuthi yini engahambi kahle.

Usuku lwamashumi amahlanu

Konke lokhu, kuhle futhi kuyathakazelisa, kodwa ngasekupheleni kwenyanga yesibili kwenzeka okuthile, ngokomthetho, okwakubikezelwe, nakuba ngangingalindele isilinganiso esinjalo. Abantu baqale ukuhamba ngoba abaphathi abaphezulu base beshintshile. Abantu abasha bangena kubaphathi baqala ukushintsha yonke into, nabakudala bayeka. Futhi ngokuvamile enkampanini eneminyaka embalwa ubudala, wonke umuntu ungumngane futhi wonke umuntu uyazana.

Lokhu bekulindelekile, kodwa izinga lokudilizwa lalingalindelekile. Isibonelo, evikini elilodwa abaholi beqembu ababili ngesikhathi esisodwa bathumele ukusula kwabo ngokuthanda kwabo. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka ngingagcini nje ngokukhohlwa ngezinye izinkinga, kodwa ngigxile ukwakha iqembu. Lena inkinga ende nenzima ukuyixazulula, kodwa bekufanele kubhekwane nayo ngoba bengifuna ukusindisa abantu abasele (noma iningi labo). Kwakudingekile ukuba ngandlela-thile basabele eqinisweni lokuthi abantu bahambile ukuze balondoloze isimilo eqenjini.

Ngombono, lokhu kuhle: kufika umuntu omusha one-carte blanche ephelele, ongakwazi ukuhlola amakhono eqembu futhi ashintshe abasebenzi. Eqinisweni, awukwazi nje ukuletha abantu abasha ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Ibhalansi ihlale idingeka.

• Okudala nokusha. Sidinga ukugcina abantu abadala abakwazi ukushintsha futhi basekele umgomo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga ukuletha igazi elisha, sizokhuluma ngalokho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Isipiliyoni. Ngangixoxa kakhulu nabancane abahle ababemagange befuna ukusebenza nathi. Kodwa angikwazanga ukuqhubeka nawo ngoba babengekho abadala abanele ukusekela abancane futhi ngisebenze njengabaluleki babo. Kwakudingekile ukuthi kuqale kuqashwe abaphezulu bese kuba yintsha kuphela.
• Isanqante kanye nenduku.

Anginayo impendulo enhle embuzweni wokuthi ibhalansi elungile iyini, igcinwa kanjani, bangaki abantu okufanele bagcinwe nokuthi kufanele baphushwe malini. Lena inqubo yomuntu ngamunye.

Usuku lwamashumi amahlanu nanye

Ngaqala ukubhekisisa iqembu ukuze ngiqonde ukuthi nginobani, ngaphinda ngakhumbula:

"Izinkinga eziningi izinkinga zabantu."

Ngithole ukuthi iqembu linjalo - kokubili i-Dev ne-Ops - linezinkinga ezinkulu ezintathu:

• Ukwaneliseka ngesimo samanje sezindaba.
• Ukungabi nesibopho - ngoba akekho owake waletha imiphumela yomsebenzi wabadlali ukuthonya ibhizinisi.
• Ukwesaba ushintsho.

Ushintsho luhlala lukukhipha endaweni yakho yokunethezeka, futhi abantu abasha banjalo, yilapho bengathandi ukushintsha ngoba abaqondi ukuthi kungani futhi abaqondi ukuthi kanjani. Impendulo evame kakhulu engiyizwile ithi, "Asikaze sikwenze lokho." Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwafinyelela eqophelweni lokungabi nangqondo okuphelele - izinguquko ezincane zazingeke zenzeke ngaphandle kokuba umuntu athukuthele. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinguquko zaziwuthinta kangakanani umsebenzi wabo, abantu bathi: “Cha, ngani? Lokhu ngeke kusebenze."

Kodwa awukwazi ukuba ngcono ngaphandle kokushintsha lutho.

Ngibe nengxoxo engenangqondo nesisebenzi, ngamtshela imibono yami yokwenza kahle, angitshela yona:
- O, awubonanga esasinakho ngonyaka odlule!
- Manje?
"Manje sekungcono kakhulu kunalokho obekuyikho."
- Ngakho-ke, ayikwazi ukuba ngcono?
- Okwani?

Umbuzo omuhle - kungani? Kunjengokungathi kungcono manje kunalokho okwakuyikho, khona-ke konke kuhle ngokwanele. Lokhu kuholela ekuntuleni umthwalo wemfanelo, okuyinto evamile ngokwesimiso. Njengoba ngishilo, iqembu lobuchwepheshe belincane eceleni. Inkampani yayikholelwa ukuthi kufanele ibe khona, kodwa akekho owake wabeka izindinganiso. Ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe akuzange kubone i-SLA, ngakho-ke “yamukeleka” eqenjini (futhi lokhu kwangithinta kakhulu):

• imizuzwana engu-12 iyalayisha;
• Imizuzu engu-5-10 yokuphumula ukukhululwa ngakunye;
• Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibucayi kuthatha izinsuku namaviki;
• ukuntuleka kwabasebenzi bomsebenzi 24x7 / on-call.

Akekho owake wazama ukubuza ukuthi kungani singakwenzi kangcono, futhi akekho owake wabona ukuthi akufanele kube ngale ndlela.

Njengebhonasi, kube nenkinga eyodwa futhi: ukungabi nolwazi. Abadala bahamba, futhi iqembu elincane elisele lakhula ngaphansi kombuso wangaphambili futhi ladliswa wushevu.

Phezu kwakho konke lokhu, abantu babesaba nokwehluleka nokubonakala bengakwazi. Lokhu kuvezwa eqinisweni lokuthi, okokuqala, bona ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo wacela usizo. Kukangaki sikhuluma njengeqembu futhi ngabanye, futhi ngithe, "Buza umbuzo uma ungazi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani okuthile." Ngiyazethemba futhi ngiyazi ukuthi ngingakwazi ukuxazulula noma iyiphi inkinga, kodwa kuzothatha isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma ngingabuza othile owazi ukuyixazulula ngemizuzu eyi-10, ngizobuza. Uma unolwazi oluncane, usaba nakakhulu ukubuza ngoba ucabanga ukuthi uzothathwa njengongakwazi.

Lokhu kwesaba ukubuza imibuzo kuzibonakalisa ngezindlela ezithakazelisayo. Isibonelo, uyabuza: "Uwenza kanjani lo msebenzi?" - "Kusele amahora ambalwa, sengiyaqeda." Ngakusasa uphinde ubuze, uthole impendulo yokuthi konke kuhamba kahle, kodwa kwaba khona inkinga eyodwa, nakanjani izobe isilungile ekupheleni kosuku. Kudlula olunye usuku, futhi uze unamathiselwe odongeni futhi uphoqwe ukuba ukhulume nothile, lokhu kuyaqhubeka. Umuntu ufuna ukuxazulula inkinga ngokwakhe; ukholelwa ukuthi uma engayixazululi ngokwakhe, kuyoba ukwehluleka okukhulu.

Yingakho onjiniyela bakhuphule izilinganiso. Kwakuyiwo lowo mlando, lapho bexoxa ngomsebenzi othile, banginika umfanekiso kangangokuthi ngamangala kakhulu. Engatshelwa ukuthi ezilinganisweni zonjiniyela, umthuthukisi uhlanganisa isikhathi lapho ithikithi lizobuyiswa lisuka ku-QA, ngoba bazothola amaphutha lapho, nesikhathi i-PR ezosithatha, nesikhathi lapho abantu okufanele babuyekeze. kuyoba matasa - okungukuthi, konke , noma yini engenzeka.

Okwesibili, abantu abesaba ukubonakala bengafaneleki hlaziya ngokweqile. Uma usho ukuthi yini ngempela okudingeka yenziwe, iqala: "Cha, kuthiwani uma sicabanga ngakho lapha?" Ngalo mqondo, inkampani yethu ayihlukile; lena inkinga evamile kubantu abasha.

Ngokuphendula, ngethule le mikhuba elandelayo:

• Umthetho imizuzu engu-30. Uma ungakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga ngesigamu sehora, cela othile ukuthi akusize. Lokhu kusebenza ngamazinga ahlukahlukene empumelelo, ngoba abantu abakabuzi, kodwa okungenani inqubo isiqalile.
• Susa konke ngaphandle kwe-essence, ekulinganiseni umnqamulajuqu wokuqeda umsebenzi, okungukuthi, bala kuphela ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubhala ikhodi.
• Ukufunda impilo yonke kulabo abahlaziya ngokweqile. Kungumsebenzi oqhubekayo nabantu.

Usuku lwamashumi ayisithupha

Ngenkathi ngenza konke lokhu, kwase kuyisikhathi sokuthola isabelomali. Yiqiniso, ngathola izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo lapho sasebenzisa khona imali yethu. Isibonelo, sibe ne-rack yonke esikhungweni sedatha esihlukile esineseva eyodwa ye-FTP, eyayisetshenziswa iklayenti elilodwa. Kuvele ukuthi "... sathutha, kodwa wahlala enjalo, asizange simshintshe." Kwakuyiminyaka engu-2 edlule.

Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kwakuyibhili yezinsizakalo zamafu. Ngikholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko somthethosivivinywa wamafu aphezulu abathuthukisi abanokufinyelela okungenamkhawulo kumaseva okokuqala ngqa empilweni yabo. Abadingi ukubuza: "Ngicela unginike iseva yokuhlola," bangazithatha ngokwabo. Futhi, abathuthukisi bahlala befuna ukwakha uhlelo oluhle kangangokuthi i-Facebook ne-Netflix izoba nomona.

Kodwa abathuthukisi abanalo ulwazi lokuthenga amaseva kanye nekhono lokunquma usayizi odingekayo wamaseva, ngoba bebengawudingi ngaphambili. Futhi ngokuvamile abawuqondi kahle umehluko phakathi kokulinganisa nokusebenza.

Imiphumela yohlu:

• Sishiye isikhungo sedatha esifanayo.
• Sinqamule inkontileka ngamasevisi elogi angu-3. Ngoba sibe nezingu-5 zazo - wonke unjiniyela oqale ukudlala ngokuthile uthathe omusha.
• Amasistimu we-AWS angu-7 avalwa. Nalapha futhi, akekho owamisa amaphrojekthi afile; bonke baqhubeka nokusebenza.
• Izindleko zesofthiwe zehliswe izikhathi ezingu-6.

Usuku lwamashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu

Kwahamba isikhathi, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili nengxenye kwadingeka ngihlangane nebhodi labaqondisi. Ibhodi lethu labaqondisi alingcono noma libi kakhulu kunabanye; njengawo wonke amabhodi abaqondisi, lifuna ukwazi yonke into. Abantu batshala imali futhi bafuna ukuqonda ukuthi esikwenzayo kungena kangakanani kuma-KPI amisiwe.

Ibhodi labaqondisi lithola ulwazi oluningi njalo ngenyanga: inombolo yabasebenzisi, ukukhula kwabo, yiziphi izinsizakalo abazisebenzisayo nokuthi kanjani, ukusebenza nokukhiqiza, futhi ekugcineni, isilinganiso sejubane lokulayisha ikhasi.

Inkinga nje ukuthi ngikholelwa ukuthi isilinganiso siwububi obumsulwa. Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza lokhu ebhodini labaqondisi. Bajwayele ukusebenza ngezinombolo ezihlanganisiwe, futhi hhayi, isibonelo, ukusabalala kwezikhathi zokulayisha ngomzuzwana.

Kwakukhona amaphuzu athakazelisayo mayelana nalokhu. Isibonelo, ngithe sidinga ukuhlukanisa ithrafikhi phakathi kwamaseva ewebhu ahlukene kuye ngohlobo lokuqukethwe.

Okusho ukuthi, i-ColdFusion idlula ku-Jetty ne-nginx bese yethula amakhasi. Futhi izithombe, i-JS ne-CSS zidlula ku-nginx ehlukile ngokucushwa kwazo. Lona umkhuba ojwayelekile engikhuluma ngawo wabhala eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ngenxa yalokho, izithombe zilayisha ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi... isilinganiso sesivinini sokulayisha senyuke ngo-200 ms.

Lokhu kwenzeke ngoba igrafu yakhiwe ngokusekelwe kudatha eza ne-Jetty. Okusho ukuthi, okuqukethwe okusheshayo akufakiwe esibalweni - inani elimaphakathi liye leqa. Lokhu kwasicacela, sahleka, kodwa singalichazela kanjani ibhodi labaqondisi ukuthi kungani senze okuthile futhi izinto zaba zimbi ngo-12%?

Usuku lwamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithathu, ngabona ukuthi kunento eyodwa engangingazange ngiyibale nhlobo: isikhathi. Konke engikhulume ngakho kuthatha isikhathi.

Leli ikhalenda lami langempela lamasonto onke - isonto lomsebenzi nje, alimatasatasa kakhulu. Asikho isikhathi esanele sayo yonke into. Ngakho-ke, futhi, udinga ukuqasha abantu abazokusiza ukuthi ubhekane nezinkinga.

isiphetho

Akugcini lapho. Kule ndaba, angikakafiki nokuthi sisebenze kanjani ngomkhiqizo futhi sazama ukulalela igagasi elivamile, noma ukuthi sihlanganise kanjani ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe, noma ukuthi sizixazulule kanjani ezinye izinkinga zobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, ngafunda ngengozi ukuthi ematafuleni amakhulu kunawo wonke ku-database esingawasebenzisi SEQUENCE. Sinomsebenzi ozibhalele wona nextID, futhi ayisetshenziswa ekwenziweni.

Kwakukhona ezinye izinto eziyisigidi ezifanayo esingakhuluma ngazo isikhathi eside. Kodwa okubalulekile okusamele kushiwo isiko.

Isiko noma ukuntuleka kwalo okuholela kuzo zonke ezinye izinkinga. Sizama ukwakha isiko lapho abantu:

• ningesabi ukwehluleka;
• funda emaphutheni;
• sebenzisana namanye amaqembu;
• thatha isinyathelo;
• thatha umthwalo wemfanelo;
• wamukele umphumela njengomgomo;
• sibungaza impumelelo.

Ngalokhu konke okunye kuzofika.

Leon Fire ku-twitter, facebook futhi kuqhubeke naphakathi.

Kunamasu amabili mayelana nefa: gwema ukusebenza nalo ngazo zonke izindleko, noma unqobe ngesibindi ubunzima obuhambisanayo. Thina c I-DevOpsConf Sithatha indlela yesibili, sishintsha izinqubo nezindlela. Hlanganyela nathi youtube, uhlu lwamakheli и ucingo, futhi ngokubambisana sizosebenzisa isiko le-DevOps.

Source: www.habr.com