Umculo awuzange udlale isikhathi eside... noma ukuthi i-Elbrus OS ayizange ikhululeke kanjani

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, abanye abezindaba babike mayelana nokwenzeka kokulandwa mahhala kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Elbrus. Izixhumanisi zokusabalalisa zinikezwe kuphela izakhiwo ze-x86, kodwa ngisho nakuleli fomu, lokhu kungase kube ingqopha-mlando ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza.

Esinye sezihloko zemidiya: I-Elbrus OS isikhululekile. Landa izixhumanisi

Umthuthukisi womugqa we-Elbrus wamaphrosesa asekhaya ubuyekeze isigaba kuwebhusayithi yakhe mayelana nesoftware ekhethekile. I-Elbrus OS yamaphrosesa ajwayelekile we-x86 wezakhiwo ibitholakala mahhala ukuze ilandwe. Onjiniyela bahlela ukuvula ikhodi yayo yomthombo maduze.

Esinye isihloko esivela ezindabeni ezifanayo: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Elbrus selungalandwa kakade!

Yebo, lokhu kungaba yingqophamlando ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Elbrus OS. Kungenzeka ukuthi, kodwa ngeshwa, ayikakabi (ngithemba ukuthi igama elingukhiye kuzoba igama sawubona)

Kwaphela kanjani konke ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale

Ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokushicilelwa kwezindaba, izixhumanisi zokulanda zayeka ukusebenza, kanye newebhusayithi storage.mcst.ru ayivuli. Kodwa ngisho nalapho izixhumanisi zokulanda izithombe zisebenza, isivinini sasihluka ukusuka 6,08KB/s ukuze 54,0KB/s, nakumazwana ezindabeni bekunemiyalezo ethi “boot.x86_64.iso - ifayela elingu-3.65 GB, i-Opera ibhala ukuthi ukulanda "kusele izinsuku ezingu-2"»

Uxhumano lwagcina lulahlekile ntambama ngo-April 4, i.e. cishe ngemva kosuku kushicilelwe izindaba:

Nazi izingodo ngenkathi ngizama ukulanda inguqulo ye-x64 yesithombe sokuqalisa:

wget --limit-rate=2500000 -c https://storage.mcst.ru/pdk/3.0.36/x86_64/boot.x86_64.iso
--2019-04-04 14:33:07-- https://storage.mcst.ru/pdk/3.0.36/x86_64/boot.x86_64.iso
Распознаётся storage.mcst.ru (storage.mcst.ru)... 80.84.125.19
Подключение к storage.mcst.ru (storage.mcst.ru)|80.84.125.19|:443... соединение установлено.
HTTP-запрос отправлен. Ожидание ответа... 206 Partial Content
Длина: 3923822592 (3,7G), 3307703777 (3,1G) осталось [application/octet-stream] Сохранение в каталог: ««boot.x86_64.iso»».

boot.x86_64.iso 17%[++++++++++> ] 648,23M 33,3KB/s in 41m 54s

2019-04-04 15:30:34 (24,7 KB/s) - Ошибка чтения, позиция 679721193/3923822592 (Выполнено). Продолжение попыток.

--2019-04-04 15:30:35-- (попытка: 2) https://storage.mcst.ru/pdk/3.0.36/x86_64/boot.x86_64.iso
Подключение к storage.mcst.ru (storage.mcst.ru)|80.84.125.19|:443... ошибка: Нет маршрута до узла.
Распознаётся storage.mcst.ru (storage.mcst.ru)... 80.84.125.19
Подключение к storage.mcst.ru (storage.mcst.ru)|80.84.125.19|:443... ошибка: Время ожидания соединения истекло.
Продолжение попыток.

Okwamanje, iseva ye-store.mcst.ru ayitholakali, futhi zonke izixhumanisi zokulanda izithombe azisebenzi.*

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi isikhathi sokulanda esilindelekile sesithombe besingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, kodwa isayithi belivuliwe futhi lisebenza isikhathi esingaphansi kosuku 😉

Manje singaqagela kuphela ukuthi ingabe iseva ayikwazanga yini ukubhekana nomthwalo (kodwa ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ezinjalo bekungenzeka ukushicilela izithombe zokufakwa ngendlela yesifufula), noma ukuthi lokhu bekuhloselwe, ukukhombisa, ukugcona, bese ithi iseva ayikwazanga ukumelana nomthwalo ;- (

Ku-LOR ku tolksah babhale ukuthi basabalalisa isithombe sokufakwa kwe-x86 ezifuleni, kodwa uma ngizama ukusilanda, iklayenti lesifufula alibatholi ontanga.

cloud.mail.ru/public/pSVn/55paFywLn
magnet:?xt=urn:btih:1ff8a7de0e08ea7bb410f3a117ec19a4a88004b1&dn=boot.x86.iso

Mina ngokwami ​​ngaqala ukulanda kusuka esithombeni se-x86, futhi ngakwazi ukulanda ngokugcwele idiski yokuqala kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngicabange ukuthi kungaba ngcono ukulanda inguqulo ye-64-bit futhi ngaqala ukulanda womabili amafayela e-ISO ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umqondo wokulayisha izithombe ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa esikhundleni sediski yesibili uphenduke iphutha. Futhi idiski yesibili ayilandanga isithombe se-x86 futhi azikho izithombe ze-x86_64.

Inqubekelaphambili yokudawuniloda kube yile:

boot.x86.iso - I-100%
disk2.x86.iso - I-0%
boot.x86_64.iso - 679721193 koku 3923822592 (17%)
disk2.x86_64.iso - 706065116 koku 2216939520 (31%)

Ake sibone ukuthi yini esitokweni

Kuhle ukuthi ifayela lokuqala le-boot.x86.iso lahlala, engakwazi ukulilanda ngokuphelele. Ngezansi kukhona abaphangi bezithombe-skrini zenqubo yokufaka:

Ukuqalisa ukufakwa

Ukukhetha isithombe sokufaka

Umphumela wokuhlukaniswa kwe-hard disk okuzenzakalelayo

Ukukhetha Izinketho Zokufaka

Esinye sezikrini zenqubo yokufaka

Inqubo yokufaka ngokwayo yeqiwe.

Imenyu ye-GRUB lapho ulayisha i-Elbrus OS ku-hard drive

Izithombe-skrini ezimbalwa zenqubo yokulayisha ye-Elbrus OS



Nakuba kungekona okokuqala, isistimu yafakwa futhi ngaba umsebenzisi osemthethweni we-Elbrus OS 😉

Isikrini sokugunyazwa kwe-Elbrus OS

Izinguqulo zezingxenye ngazinye:

Kuthiwani ngemithombo?

Izingcaphuno ezivela kundaba: I-Elbrus OS isikhululekile. Landa izixhumanisi

Ngokusho kukaTrushkin, ngokudalula amakhodi, inkampani iphishekela imigomo yokuthengisa ehlobene nokukhuthazwa kwemikhiqizo ye-MCST, futhi iphinde ifune ukwandisa umphakathi wabathuthukisi besofthiwe ye-Elbrus OS.

Umqondisi Wezokumaketha we-MCST u-Konstantin Trushkin, engxoxweni nabakwa-CNews, uqaphele ukuthi amakhodi omthombo wemikhiqizo yenkampani awakatholakali ukuze alandwe ngokuzimela noma uma ecelwa, kodwa inkampani ihlose ukuwavula maduze.

Ngiphinde ngabhala isicelo sokusekela ukucacisa udaba ngekhodi yomthombo. Nansi incwadi yempendulo:

Siyakwamukela!

Lolu daba luyacutshungulwa.

-
Ozithobayo,
****************************

Ngomhlaka 04/04/2019 09:41 AM, uRyabikov Alexander wabhala:
> Sawubona!
>
> Siyabonga nge-Elbrus OS ye-x86, engiyilande kusayithi lakho
> mcst.ru/programmnoe-obespechenie-elbrus
> Ngicela ungitshele ukuthi ngingayithola kuphi futhi kanjani eyokuqala
> ikhodi yokubuka nokufunda?
>
> Siyanibingelela,
> Ryabikov Alexander

Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi amakhodi omthombo we-Elbrus OS awatholakali, futhi ukwahlulela ngeseva enqanyuliwe, alikho ithemba lokubukeka kwabo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Kodwa, njengoba besho, kukhona i-nuance ...

Isisekelo sokusatshalaliswa kwe-Elbrus OS yi-Linux. Futhi njengoba wazi, i-Linux isatshalaliswa ngokukhululeka. igciwane Amalayisensi e-GPL. Ukucaciswa igciwane, kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo yesofthiwe yokuphuma kokunye, ehlanganisa i-Elbrus OS, kufanele ikhishwe ngaphansi kwelayisensi efanayo ncamashi noma ehambisanayo. Ngamanye amazwi, ilayisensi efana igciwane idluliswa kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yesofthiwe ephuma kokunye futhi ayikwazi ukuhoxiswa.

Ilayisense yamahhala yegciwane ngokwayo ayidingi ukuthi isoftware ephuma kokunye isatshalaliswe mahhala. Futhi asikho isidingo sokushicilela isofthiwe esuselwe esizindeni somphakathi. Nokho, ilayisensi idinga lokho okusemthethweni umsebenzisi ube nethuba lokuthola amakhodi omthombo wesofthiwe asetshenziswe lapho eceliwe. Kulokhu, amakhodi omthombo we-Elbrus OS.

Ngaphambilini, bekungeke kube khona imibuzo ku-MCST mayelana nezinsiza zokusabalalisa, kungasaphathwa imithombo yawo, njengoba le mibuzo ibingabuzwa abasebenzisi abasemthethweni kuphela. Futhi umuntu angaba umsebenzisi osemthethweni kuphela ngemva kokusayina isivumelwano noma i-NDA (nomuntu ngamunye noma inhlangano esemthethweni). Nakuba ukuvinjelwa okunjalo kwephula "umoya" wesofthiwe yamahhala, ngokombono womthetho yonke into yayilungile.

Uma wephula i-NDA noma isivumelwano, uzoyeka ukuba umsebenzisi osemthethweni, futhi njengoba uyekile ukuba umsebenzisi osemthethweni, awunalo ilungelo lokufuna noma iyiphi inkululeko eqinisekiswe ilayisense ye-GPL.

Kodwa konke kwashintsha lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwesoftware kushicilelwa esizindeni somphakathi! Kusukela kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke, noma yimuphi umsebenzisi waqala ukukwazi ukulanda ikhithi yokusabalalisa ye-Elbrus OS. Futhi ngemva kokuyilanda futhi yayifaka, yaba ngokuzenzakalelayo okusemthethweni umsebenzisi okwazi ukufinyelela inkululeko yelayisense yokuqala ye-GPL:

• Uhlelo lungasetshenziswa ngokukhululekile nganoma iyiphi injongo
• Ungafunda ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kanjani futhi uluvumelanise nezinjongo zakho
• Ungasabalalisa ngokukhululekile amakhophi ohlelo
• Ungathuthukisa ngokukhululekile uhlelo futhi ushicilele inguqulo yakho ethuthukisiwe

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi nkululeko azinqunywa ngesinqumo sonjiniyela (kithi i-MCST), kodwa ngeqiniso lokusebenzisa ilayisensi ye-GPL yokusabalalisa umthombo.

Ngithanda ukuqaphela ikakhulukazi ukuthi lezi zinkululeko zisebenza kubo bonke abasebenzisi abalande futhi bafaka i-Elbrus OS. Leyo, noma yikuphi umsebenzisi unelungelo lokuthola imithombo yenguqulo yesofthiwe esetshenzisiwe. Futhi leli lungelo aliveli esifisweni se-MCST (sifuna ukuyivula, kodwa asifuni), kodwa kusukela endaweni yelayisense yokuqala ye-GPL Linux, ngesisekelo lapho i-Elbrus OS yakhiwe khona.

Ngethemba ngobuqotho ukuthi isinqumo sokwandisa ukukhanga kwe-Elbrus OS ngokudala umphakathi sasibucayi futhi siqaphela. Futhi inkampani ye-MCST ngeke "ihlehle emuva", izokwazi ukulandela le ndlela kuze kube sekugcineni futhi ishicilele ikhodi yomthombo wesofthiwe, njengoba kudingwa yi-GPL.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphezu kwezingozi ezinkulu zegama, kungenzeka ukuthi othile angazama ukuhlola amandla ohlelo lwezobulungiswa lwaseRussia ngokufuna, njengomsebenzisi osemthethweni we-Elbrus OS, ukuvulwa okuphoqelelwe kwekhodi yomthombo, ngaleyo ndlela enze isibonelo sokwahlulela. kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwelayisensi ye-GPL empeleni. Umthetho waseRussia.

Guard, yonke into isihambile noma yini okufanele i-MCST yenze?

Mayelana nokushicilelwa kokusabalalisa kwe-Elbrus OS endaweni yomphakathi, kuye kwavela isimo esithakazelisa kakhulu. Ngibona lezi zinketho ezilandelayo zokwenza okwengeziwe:

1. Uma isinqumo sokushicilela okusatshalaliswayo bekungelona iphutha lomuntu (futhi ukwahlulela ngezincwadi ezitholakalayo, lesi sinqumo besingaqondile), kuzomele uhambe yonke indlela futhi ushicilele ikhodi yomthombo, njengoba kudingwa yi-GPL. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kudinga ukwenziwa ngokushesha ukuze kungashiyi umbono omubi emphakathini ongase ube khona, ngenxa yalokho konke kwaqalwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kungenzeka futhi ukunquma imithetho yokusebenzisa uphawu lokuhweba lwe-Elbrus ukuze kungabikho ukuhlukumeza, ngokuyinhloko engxenyeni yezinhlangano ezingokomthetho lapho zizama ukuthengisa isimo esiye savela ngenxa yezithakazelo zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvinjelwa okunjalo ngeke kuthinte abasebenzisi abajwayelekile nganoma iyiphi indlela.

2. Ungenza sengathi isinqumo sokushicilela izithombe zokufaka sibe yiphutha. Memezela lokhu esidlangalaleni (mhlawumbe ngokuqokwa kwalabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo), bese uzama ukunikeza izithombe ezikhona zokufaka isimo samakhophi angenayo ilayisensi.

Ngokweqile, isixazululo esinjalo singenzeka, kodwa kunzima ukusho ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngedumela le-MCST kanye nomzamo walo wokwakha umphakathi othembekile eduze kwe-Elbrus OS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akulona iqiniso ukuthi kuzokwazi ukususa amakhophi akhona (mina, isibonelo, ngeke ngisuse imayini).

3. Inketho embi kakhulu yentuthuko eyengeziwe, kubonakala kimi, kungaba ukushiya yonke into njengoba injalo njengamanje (kunezithombe ze-ISO zokufakwa), kodwa wenqabe ukushicilela ikhodi yomthombo, njengoba kudingwa yi-GPL, noma zama zidlulisele ngaphansi kwe-NDA.

Lokhu ngeke nje kube ukwephulwa okuqondile kwelayisensi ye-GPL, okuzophikisa kabi umphakathi ongase ube khona, kodwa futhi kuzodala izingozi ezithile zomthetho uma leso sinqumo siphikiswa enkantolo.

Ngizokwenzenjani?

Ngacabanga isikhathi esithile ukuthi kwakufanelekile yini ukubhala le ngxenye yokugcina yalesi sihloko. Futhi ekugcineni ngafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi mhlawumbe kuwufanele, kuhlanganise ukuze uphendule imibuzo engenzeka kusengaphambili.

Ngakho, kusukela ngaba okusemthethweni umsebenzisi we-Elbrus OS, ngakho-ke nginawo wonke amalungelo aqinisekiswe ilayisense ye-GPL. Kodwa ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kwamanje, ngizoyeka ukushicilela izithombe zokufaka okwamanje (izinsuku ezimbalwa) ukuze i-MCST iqonde isimo samanje futhi inqume ngezenzo zayo ezengeziwe. Ngemva kwalokhu, cishe ngizosebenzisa ilungelo lami lokusabalalisa amakhophi e-Elbrus OS ukuze ngisize ukwakha umphakathi, njengoba kwakuhlelwe ekuqaleni i-MCST 😉

PS

Hlala ubukele ukuze uthole izibuyekezo. Ngizobuyekeza i-athikili njengoba ulwazi olusha lutholakala.

I-PPS

Kuhle ukuthi ngine-karma eyanele yokushicilela indaba.

QAPHELA 1

Yayingakabi khona i-karma eyanele ukuthi ingashicilelwa kuhabhu "ye-IT Legislation" (yase yanele kakade).

*) UKUBUYEKEZA 2

Njengoba bebhale kumazwana:

Bavele baqaphela ukuthi kunabantu abaningi kakhulu abafuna ukulanda futhi babevala isiteshi sabo, futhi balayisha yonke into kudiski ye-Yandex.

Nazi izixhumanisi:
- kwe-x86_64, yadi.sk/d/x1a8X7aKv5yNRg

- kwe-x86, yadi.sk/d/W4Z5LzlMb0zBTg

Source: www.habr.com