I-Netplan nendlela yokuyilungisa kahle

Ubuntu wuhlelo lokusebenza olumangalisayo, angizange ngisebenze neseva ye-Ubuntu isikhathi eside futhi kwakungekho phuzu ekuthuthukiseni i-Desktop yami kusukela enguqulweni ezinzile. Futhi kungekudala kwadingeka ngibhekane nokukhululwa kwakamuva kweseva ye-Ubuntu 18.04, ukumangala kwami ​​​​kwakungenamingcele lapho ngibona ukuthi ngangingemuva kakhulu kwezikhathi futhi ngingakwazi ukumisa inethiwekhi ngoba uhlelo oludala oluhle lokusetha ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi nge. ukuhlela /etc/network file/interfaces kwehlile. Futhi yini eyafika esikhundleni salo? into embi futhi engaqondakali ngokuphelele, hlangana ne- "Netplan".

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ekuqaleni angizange ngiqonde ukuthi yayiyini indaba nokuthi “kungani lokhu kudingeka, ngoba yonke into yayifaneleka kakhulu,” kodwa ngemva kokuzijwayeza kancane ngabona ukuthi inamandla akodwa. ake siqhubeke nalokho i-Netplan eyikho, lokhu kuyisisetshenziswa esisha sezilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ku-Ubuntu, okungenani “angikaze ngibone okufana nalokhu kokunye ukusatshalaliswa.” Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kweNetplan ukuthi ukucushwa kubhalwe ngolimi. I-YAML, yebo, uzwe kahle i-YAML, onjiniyela banqume ukuhambisana nezikhathi (futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayincoma kangakanani, ngisacabanga ukuthi ulimi olubi). Ububi obukhulu balolu limi ukuthi luzwela kakhulu ezikhaleni, ake sibheke ukucushwa sisebenzisa isibonelo.

Amafayela okumisa atholakala endleleni /etc/netplan/filename.yaml, phakathi kwebhulokhi ngayinye kufanele kube nezikhala ezingu-+2.

1) Unhlokweni ojwayelekile ubukeka kanje:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no

Ake sibheke esikwenzile manje:

• inethiwekhi: - lesi yisiqalo sebhulokhi yokumisa.
• umnikezeli: inethiwekhi - lapha sibonisa umphathi wenethiwekhi esizomsebenzisa, lokhu kuphakathi kwenethiwekhi noma i-NetworkManager
• inguqulo: 2 - lapha, njengoba ngikuqonda, inguqulo ye-YAML.
• ama-ethernet: - leli bhulokhi likhombisa ukuthi sizomisa umthetho olandelwayo we-ethernet.
• enps0f0: — khombisa ukuthi iyiphi i-adaptha yenethiwekhi esizoyilungisa.
• dhcp4:cha - khubaza i-DHCP v4, ku-6 v6 dhcp6 ngokulandelanayo

2) Ake sizame ukwaba amakheli e-IP:

    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no
      macaddress: bb:11:13:ab:ff:32
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24, 10.10.10.3/24]
      gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: 8.8.8.8

Lapha sibeka iseva ye-poppy, ipv4, isango ne-dns. Qaphela ukuthi uma sidinga ikheli le-IP elingaphezu kwelilodwa, khona-ke siyawabhala ahlukaniswe ngokhefana nesikhala esiyisibopho ngemva kwalokho.

3) Kuthiwani uma sidinga ukubopha?

  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1

• amabhondi: - ibhulokhi echaza ukuthi sizomisa ukubopha.
• bond0: - igama lesixhumi esibonakalayo esingenasizathu.
• interfaces: - iqoqo lezindawo zokusebenzelana eziqoqwe ku-bond-ding, "njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma kunamapharamitha ambalwa, siwachaza kubakaki abayisikwele."
• amapharamitha: — chaza ibhulokhi yezilungiselelo zepharamitha
• Imodi: — cacisa imodi okuzosebenza ngayo ukuhlanganisa.
• i-mii-monitor-interval: — setha isikhawu sokuqapha sibe yisekhondi elingu-1.

Ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi ebizwa ngebhondi, ungaphinda ulungiselele amapharamitha afana namakheli, isango4, imizila, njll.

Sengeze ukungasasebenzi kunethiwekhi yethu, manje osekusele nje ukufaka hawu futhi ukusetha kungabhekwa njengokuphelele.

vlans: 
    vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      gateway: 10.10.10.1
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true

• vlans: — memezela ibhulokhi yokumisa ye-vlan.
• vlan10: - igama elingenangqondo le-interface ye-vlan.
• id: - umaki we-vlan yethu.
• link: - interface lapho i-vlan izofinyeleleka ngayo.
• imizila: — memezela ibhulokhi yencazelo yomzila.
• — ku: — setha ikheli/i-subnet lapho umzila udingeka khona.
• ngokusebenzisa: — cacisa isango lapho i-subnet yethu izofinyeleleka khona.
• on-link: - sibonisa ukuthi imizila kufanele ibhaliswe njalo lapho isixhumanisi siphakanyiswa.

Naka ukuthi ngizibeka kanjani izikhala; lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ku-YAML.

Ngakho-ke sichaze i-interfaces yenethiwekhi, sakha ukubopha, futhi saze sangeza ama-vlan. Masisebenzise ukulungiselelwa kwethu, umyalo we-netplan application uzohlola ukulungiselelwa kwethu amaphutha futhi sikusebenzise uma kuphumelele. Okulandelayo, ukulungiselelwa kuzophakanyiswa ngokwako uma uhlelo luqalwa kabusha.

Ngemva kokuqoqa wonke amabhlogo wekhodi wangaphambilini, yilokhu esikutholile:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4: no
    ensp3s0f1:
      dhcp4: no
  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
  vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true
  vlan20:
    id: 20
    link: bond0
    dhcp4: no
    addresses: [10.10.11.2/24]
    gateway: 10.10.11.1
    nameserver:
      addresses: [8.8.8.8]
    

Manje inethiwekhi yethu isilungele ukusebenza, yonke into yavela ingesabi njengoba yayibonakala ekuqaleni futhi ikhodi yaba yinhle kakhulu futhi ifundeka. I-PC siyabonga nge-netplan kukhona imanuwali enhle kakhulu kusixhumanisi https://netplan.io/.

Source: www.habr.com