Ngesonto eledlule, i-Linux Foundation ngesikhathi seNgqungquthela Yobuholi Bomthombo Ovulekile ekwakhiweni kwesikhwama esisha samaphrojekthi womthombo ovulekile. Esinye isikhungo esizimele sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuvulekile [nabufunwa yimboni] siklanyelwe ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi onjiniyela be-DevOps, futhi ngokuqondile, ukuhlela nokusebenzisa izinqubo eziqhubekayo zokulethwa kanye namapayipi e-CI/CD. Inhlangano yayibizwa ngokuthi: The (CDF).
Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi kungani izisekelo ezinjalo zidalwe ngaphansi kwenhlangano yabazali i-Linux Foundation, vele ubheke isibonelo esaziwa kakhulu - CNCF (Cloud Native Computing Foundation). Lesi sikhwama savela ngo-2015 futhi kusukela lapho sesamukele ezinhlwini zaso amaphrojekthi amaningi we-Open Source achaza ngempela isimo sesimanje sengqalasizinda ye-IT yamafu: I-Kubernetes, i-contained, i-Prometheus, njll.
Inhlangano ngokwayo isebenza njengenkundla ezimele ngesisekelo sokuthi lawa maphrojekthi aphethwe futhi athuthukiswe ngokuzuzisa abahlanganyeli bemakethe abahlukahlukene. Ngale njongo, amakomiti ezobuchwepheshe nawokuthengisa adalwe ku-CNCF, amazinga athile nemithetho yamukelwe. (uma unentshisekelo ngemininingwane, sincoma ukufunda, isibonelo, )... Futhi, njengoba sibona ezibonelweni “ezibukhoma”, uhlelo luyasebenza: amaphrojekthi angaphansi komnyango we-CNCF avuthwa kakhulu futhi athole ukuduma embonini, kokubili phakathi kwabasebenzisi bokugcina kanye naphakathi konjiniyela ababamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwawo.
Ukulandela le mpumelelo (ngemuva kwakho konke, amaphrojekthi amaningi amafu e-CNCF asevele ayingxenye yempilo yansuku zonke yonjiniyela be-DevOps), izitayela ezijwayelekile ku-IT nokuvezwa kwazo emhlabeni we-Open Source, I-Linux Foundation inqume "ukuhlala" (noma kungaba kuhle kakhulu ukuthi “phromotha”) i-niche entsha:
“I-Continuous Delivery Foundation (CDF) izoba yikhaya elingathathi hlangothi labathengisi kumaphrojekthi abalulekile we-Open Source anikezelwe ukulethwa okuqhubekayo kanye nemininingwane esheshisa izinqubo zamapayipi. I-CDF izokwenza lula ukusebenzisana konjiniyela abahamba phambili, abasebenzisi bokugcina nabathengisi abavela embonini, ikhuthaze izindlela ze-CI/CD ne-DevOps, ichaze futhi ibhale phansi imikhuba emihle kakhulu, idale imihlahlandlela nezinto zokuqeqesha ezizokwenza amaqembu okuthuthukisa isoftware avela noma kuphi emhlabeni asebenzise i-CI. /Izindlela ezihamba phambili ze-CD." .
I-Idea
Amanani ayisisekelo nezimiso eziqondisa i-CDF okwamanje ukuthi inhlangano:
- ... ikholelwa emandleni okulethwa okuqhubekayo kanye nendlela enikeza ngayo amandla abathuthukisi namaqembu ukukhulula isofthiwe yekhwalithi ephezulu kaningi;
- …ikholelwa kuzixazululo zomthombo ovulekile ezingasetshenziswa ndawonye kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokulethwa kwesofthiwe;
- ... ihlakulela futhi isekele i-ecosystem yamaphrojekthi Womthombo Ovulekile azimele kubathengisi ngokusebenzisana nokuhambisana;
- ...ikhuthaza futhi ikhuthaze abahlinzeki bokulethwa kwezidingo njalo ukuthi basebenzisane, babelane futhi bathuthukise izinqubo zabo.
Abahlanganyeli namaphrojekthi
Kepha amagama amahle ayinqwaba yabakhangisi, engahambelani ngaso sonke isikhathi nalokho okwenzeka empeleni. Futhi ngalo mqondo, umbono wokuqala wenhlangano ungenziwa ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani ezakha futhi yiziphi amaphrojekthi abe "izibulo" layo.
Amalungu amakhulu e-CDF yila , okungukuthi: Capital One, elinye lamabhange aphezulu ayi-10 ase-US, nabamele imboni abajwayeleke kakhulu konjiniyela be-IT kumuntu we-CircleCI, CloudBees, Google, Huawei, IBM, JFrog kanye neNetflix. Abanye babo sebevele bakhulume ngomcimbi obaluleke kangaka kumabhulogi abo, kodwa okuningi kulokho ngezansi.
Abahlanganyeli be-CDF bahlanganisa nabasebenzisi bokugcina bamaphrojekthi ayo - i-CNCF inesigaba esifanayo, lapho ungathola khona i-eBay, i-Pinterest, i-Twitter, i-Wikimedia nabanye abaningi. Endabeni yesikhwama esisha, kunabahlanganyeli abanjalo abayi-15 kuphela kuze kube manje, kodwa amagama athakazelisayo futhi awaziwayo asevele avela phakathi kwabo: I-Autodesk, i-GitLab, i-Puppet, i-Rancher, i-Red Hat, i-SAP futhi yajoyina ngokoqobo. Sysdig.
Manje, mhlawumbe, mayelana nento eyinhloko - mayelana namaphrojekthi lapho i-CDF iphathiswe ukunakekelwa. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa inhlangano kwakukhona ezine zazo:
UJenkins noJenkins X
iwuhlelo lwe-CI/CD olungadingi neze isethulo esikhethekile, esibhalwe nge-Java, futhi sesineminyaka eminingi ikhona. (cabanga nje: ukukhululwa kokuqala - ngendlela ye-Hudson - kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-14 edlule!), elithole ibutho elingenakubalwa lama-plugin.
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko sokuhweba ngemuva kukaJenkins namuhla singacatshangelwa CloudBees, umqondisi wakhe wezobuchwepheshe ongumbhali wokuqala wephrojekthi (u-Kohsuke Kawaguchi) futhi owaba omunye wabasunguli besisekelo.
- le phrojekthi futhi ikweleta okuningi ku-CloudBees (njengoba ungase uqagele, abathuthukisi bayo abakhulu basebenza kubasebenzi benkampani efanayo), noma kunjalo, ngokungafani noJenkins uqobo, isisombululo sisha ngokuphelele - sinonyaka kuphela.
I-Jenkins X inikeza isisombululo se-turnkey sokuhlela i-CI/CD yezinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu zesimanje ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwamaqoqo e-Kubernetes. Ukufeza lokhu, i-JX inikezela ngokuzenzakalelayo kwepayipi, ukuqaliswa kwe-GitOps eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukukhishwa kwezindawo zokubuka kuqala, nezinye izici. I-architecture ye-Jenkins X yethulwe kanje:
Isitaki somkhiqizo - Jenkins, Knative Build, Prow, Skaffold and Helm. Okuningi mayelana nephrojekthi thina kuhabhu.
Isipinaker
iyinkundla yokulethwa eqhubekayo eyakhiwe yiNetflix eyavulwa ngo-2015. I-Google okwamanje ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwayo: ngemizamo yabo ehlanganyelwe, umkhiqizo uthuthukiswa njengesixazululo sezinhlangano ezinkulu amaqembu azo ama-DevOps asebenzela amaqembu amaningi okuthuthukisa.
Imiqondo ebalulekile ku-Spinnaker yokuchaza izinsizakalo izinhlelo zokusebenza, amaqoqo namaqembu amaseva, futhi ukutholakala kwawo emhlabeni wangaphandle kuphathwa ngabalinganisi bomthwalo kanye nezindonga zomlilo:
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nedivayisi eyisisekelo ye-Spinnaker ingatholakala ku .
Ipulatifomu ikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngezindawo ezahlukahlukene zamafu ezihlanganisa i-Kubernetes, i-OpenStack kanye nabahlinzeki befu abahlukahlukene (AWS EC2, GCE, GKE, GAE, Azure, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure), kanye nokuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene:
- ngezinhlelo ze-CI (Jenkins, Travis CI) emapayipini;
- nge-Datadog, Prometheus, Stackdriver kanye ne-SignalFx - yokuqapha imicimbi;
- nge-Slack, i-HipChat ne-Twilio - ukuze uthole izaziso;
- ngePacker, Chef kanye nePuppet - ngemishini ebonakalayo.
Yilokho kuNetflix mayelana nokufakwa kukaSpinnaker esikhwameni esisha:
“Impumelelo kaSpinnaker idalwa kakhulu wumphakathi omangalisayo wezinkampani nabantu abayisebenzisayo nabafaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Ukudluliselwa kwe-Spinnaker ku-CDF kuzoqinisa lo mphakathi. Lesi sinyathelo sizokhuthaza izinguquko kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezinye izinkampani ebezibukele eceleni. Ukuvula umnyango ezinkampanini ezintsha kuzoletha okusha kwaSpinnaker okuzozuzisa wonke umuntu. ”
Futhi ku ngesikhathi sokudalwa kwe-Continuous Delivery Foundation, kuphawulwe ngokuhlukile ukuthi “i-Spinnaker isistimu enezingxenye eziningi evumelana ngokomqondo ne-Tekton.” Lokhu kusiletha kuphrojekthi yokugcina efakwe esikhwameni esisha.
iTekton
— uhlaka olwethulwa ngendlela yezingxenye ezivamile zokudala nokumisa izinhlelo ze-CI/CD ezisho ukusebenza kwamapayipi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nemishini evamile ye-virtual, i-serverless kanye ne-Kubernetes.
Lezi zingxenye ngokwazo ziyizinsiza ze-“Kubernetes-style” (ezisetshenziswa kuma-K8s ngokwawo njengama-CRD) asebenza njengamabhulokhi wokwakha wokuchaza amapayipi. Umdwebo omfushane wokusetshenziswa kwazo kuqoqo le-K8s uvezwa .
Isitaki somkhiqizo esisekelwa u-Tekton sizovele sibonakale sijwayelekile: Jenkins, Jenkins X, Skaffold and Knative. I-Google Cloud ikholelwa ukuthi i-Tekton ixazulula "inkinga yomphakathi Womthombo Ovulekile kanye nabathengisi abaholayo abasebenza ndawonye ukuze benze ingqalasizinda ye-CI/CD ibe yesimanjemanje."
...
Ngokuqhathanisa ne-CNCF, i-CDF idale ikomiti lezobuchwepheshe (Technical Oversight Committee, TOC), izibopho zalo ezihlanganisa ukucabangela izindaba (kanye nokwenza izinqumo) mayelana nokufakwa kwamaphrojekthi amasha esikhwameni. Olunye ulwazi mayelana nenhlangano ngokwayo hhayi okuningi okwamanje, kodwa lokhu kuvamile futhi kuyindaba yesikhathi kuphela.
Ake siphethe ngokucaphuna :
“Manje, njengenye yezinkampani ezisanda kwakhiwa i-Continuous Delivery Foundation, sizothatha ukuzibophezela kwethu [ekudaleni ubuchwepheshe obutholakala emhlabeni wonke ekusekeleni ezinye izixazululo ze-CI/CD] sikubeke kwelinye izinga. Le nhlangano entsha izoshayela amazinga aqhubekayo okulethwa kwesikhathi esizayo azosheshisa umjikelezo wokukhishwa kwesofthiwe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokusebenzisana nevulekile. Ngokwamukelwa kukaJenkins, Jenkins X, Spinnaker nobunye ubuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwephiko lalesi sisekelo, sibona ikusasa eliqhakazile le-CI/CD!”
PS
Funda futhi kubhulogi yethu:
- «";
- «";
- «";
- «".
Source: www.habr.com